Double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of verapamil for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by polypoid mucosa and predominantly TH2 inflammation. Epithelial P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a membrane efflux pump that is overexpressed in CRSwNP1,2 and regulates the secretion of TH2-polarizing cytokines.3 These findings suggest that P-gp may represent a novel druggable target. Verapamil hydrochloride (HCl) is a first-generation inhibitor of P-gp and is capable of blocking IL-5, IL-6, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin secretion.4 Although verapamil is cardioactive, low doses are tolerated by healthy patients with cluster headache.

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