Iodine Storage and Metabolism of Mild to Moderate Iodine Deficient Pregnant Rats.

Iodine Storage and Metabolism of Mild to Moderate Iodine Deficient Pregnant Rats.

Thyroid. 2017 Mar 30;:

Authors: Sun X, Lu L, Shan L, Shan Z, Teng W

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy results in neurodevelopmental disorders in children, while the consequences of mild to moderate iodine deficiency (MMID) are uncertain. The concentration of iodine in thyroid is the most accurate indicator of iodine nutrition. This paper is aimed to investigate that whether the iodine storage in thyroid is enough for mother and fetus during iodine sufficient and MMID conditions by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).
METHODS: One hundred 4-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into MMID (Low iodine intake, L) and normal (Normal iodine intake, N) groups. The rats were fed for the next 3 months, and after pregnancy further divided into 2 subgroups, respectively: LP (Low iodine pregnancy) and LP+ (Low iodine pregnancy with iodine supplement), and NP (Normal iodine intake pregnancy) and NP+ (Normal iodine intake pregnancy with iodine supplement). The iodine intake of pregnant rats in NP+ and LP+ groups was twice as much as NP and LP groups, respectively. The rats were sacrificed on Gestational Day 15 and Postnatal Day 7. The iodine in thyroid of the maternal and newborn rats, maternal serum, placenta and amniotic fluid were determined by ICP-MS.
RESULTS: The concentration of iodine in the thyroid of N group was significantly higher than L group before pregnancy. And the concentration of iodine in maternal thyroid of the LP group decreased during pregnancy, whereas that of NP group was not changed significantly. There was no significant difference of iodine concentration in maternal and offspring thyroid between NP and NP+ groups, but it was significant between LP and LP+ groups. The concentration of iodine in amniotic fluid was significant difference among the 4 groups.
CONCLUSION: There is sufficient iodine storage in the thyroid of maternal rats with normal iodine intake during pregnancy. However, it is insufficient in rats with MMID. Iodine supplementation can increase the iodine concentration in the thyroid of maternal rats with MMID and their offspring, and amniotic fluid during pregnancy.

PMID: 28358234 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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