Topical agents for oral cancer chemoprevention: A systematic review of the literature

The global burden of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continues to increase with the sustained high prevalence of common risk factors (e.g., tobacco smoking and alcohol) [1]. It frequently confers a poor prognosis, with patients commonly succumbing to aggressive locoregional recurrences or second primary tumors. Current therapeutic management of oral dysplasia and potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) includes surgery, radiation therapy, and/or systemic chemotherapy; however, this malignancy remains difficult to treat.

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