Oral Lichenoid Reactions associated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies: clinicopathological findings

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) show broad activity across different tumor types and currently represent one of the keystones of cancer management. Dermatologic toxicities are one of the most frequent immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by these new monoclonal antibodies. Maculopapular rash, pruritus, exacerbation of psoriasis or more specific autoimmune disorders (e.g. vitiligo, alopecia areata, and bullous pemphigoid) are amongst the most commonly reported AEs.^1-4 In addition, cutaneous lichenoid reaction has also emerged as one of the most prevalent dermatological toxicities in treated patients.

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