One reason why infants are more prone to infection is that their immune defense mechanisms in mucosal tissues are still developing. A first step toward decreasing infections in newborns is to better understand the changes in immunity within mucosal tissues that occur throughout infancy. Previous studies have shown increased incidences of lung infection in babies with nonvaginal delivery or perinatal exposure to antibiotics, which both alter the distribution of bacterial species within the gastrointestinal tract.
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