TNFAIP3 levels in lung dendritic cells instruct Th2 or Th17 cell differentiation in eosinophilic or neutrophilic asthma

It is currently unknown, why allergen exposure or environmental triggers in mild to moderate asthma patients results in Th2-mediated eosinophilic inflammation, whereas severe asthma patients often present with Th17-mediated neutrophilic inflammation. The activation state of dendritic cells (DCs) is crucial for both Th2 and Th17-cell differentiation, and is mediated through NF-κB activation. Ablation of TNFAIP3, one of the crucial negative regulators of NF-κB activation in myeloid cells and DCs was shown to control DC activation.

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