High cytoplasmic HuR expression is associated with advanced pT stage, high grade and increased microvessel density in urothelial bladder carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 13 December 2017
Source:Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
Author(s): Łukasz Piotr Fus, Paweł Pihowicz, Łukasz Koperski, Janina Maja Marczewska, Barbara Górnicka
PurposeHuR (human antigen R) protein is a RNA binding protein that stabilizes the mRNA and controls the translation of genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and carcinogenesis. Overexpression of HuR was reported in a variety of cancers, however its clinical significance in urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is still unknown. Our aim is to investigate the association between HuR expression and selected histopathological factors, such as tumor grade, pT stage, regional lymph nodes status and microvessel density (MVD).MethodsWe studied expression of HuR protein in 119 patients with UBC in stages pTis and pTa–pT4 using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Tumor MVD was evaluated immunohistochemically using anti-CD31 antibody.ResultsWe observed no association between nuclear HuR immunoreactivity and tumor grade, stage or MVD. We found a significant association between cytoplasmic HuR positivity and high tumor grade, pT stage and MVD (p<0,001). We also observed significantly higher MVD values in cases with positive cytoplasmic HuR expression (p<0,001). No association between HuR immunoreactivity and lymph nodes status was found.ConclusionsOur results may suggest that HuR is involved in the process of acquiring malignant histopathological features and ability to invade the muscularis propria by UBC cells. Considering frequent difficulties in diagnosing UBC in specimens obtained from transurethral tumor resection and the risk of understaging, cytoplasmic HuR expression would suggest an advanced disease and necessitate serial sectioning of the specimen in search of muscle invasion. Association between HuR expression and MVD could suggest HuR involvement in the process of angiogenesis in UBC.



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