Marine ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and fish intake after colon cancer diagnosis and survival: CALGB 89803 (Alliance).

Marine ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and fish intake after colon cancer diagnosis and survival: CALGB 89803 (Alliance).

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2018 Jan 22;:

Authors: Van Blarigan EL, Fuchs CS, Niedzwiecki D, Ye X, Zhang S, Song M, Saltz L, Mayer RJ, Mowat RB, Whittom R, Hantel A, Benson A, Atienza D, Messino M, Kindler H, Venook A, Ogino S, Giovannucci EL, Meyerhardt JA

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Marine ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), primarily found in dark fish, may prevent colorectal cancer progression, in part through inhibition of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2). However, data in humans are limited.
METHODS: We examined marine ω-3 PUFAs and fish intake and survival among 1,011 colon cancer patients enrolled in CALGB 89803 between 1999 to 2001 and followed through 2009. Diet was assessed during and 6 months after chemotherapy. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for disease-free (DFS), recurrence-free (RFS), and overall survival (OS).
RESULTS: We observed 343 recurrences and 305 deaths (median follow-up: 7 y). Patients in the highest vs. lowest quartile of marine ω-3 PUFA intake had a HR for DFS of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.97; p-trend: 0.03). Individuals who consumed dark fish ≥1/week vs. never had longer DFS [HR: 0.65 (0.48, 0.87); p-value: 0.007], RFS [HR: 0.61 (0.46, 0.86); p-trend: 0.007], and OS [HR: 0.68 (0.48, 0.96); p-trend: 0.04]. In a subset of 510 patients, the association between marine ω-3 PUFA intake and DFS appeared stronger in patients with high PTGS2 expression [HR: 0.32 (0.11, 0.95); p-trend: 0.01] compared to patients with absent/low PTGS2 expression [HR: 0.78 (0.48, 1.27); p-trend: 0.35] (p-interaction: 0.19).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with high intake of marine ω-3 PUFAs and dark fish after colon cancer diagnosis may have longer DFS.
IMPACT: Randomized controlled trials examining dark fish and/or marine ω-3 PUFA supplements and colon cancer recurrence/survival are needed.

PMID: 29358223 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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