Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant disease of oral mucosae and is closely associated with betel quid chewing, chronic smoking and alcohol consumption [1,2]. OSCC is also the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with an average five year survival rate of approximately 60% [3]. The incidence and severity of OSCC are increasing worldwide, especially in Taiwan [4]. From 1981 to 2010, the standardized mortality rates increased from 2.5 to 8.1 per 100,000 persons [5]. Currently, there are no reliable or easy approaches for early detection except conventional oral examination and biopsy by physicians.
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