Genomic characterization of tobacco/nut chewing HPV-negative early stage tongue tumors identify MMP10 asa candidate to predict metastases

Tongue cancer is the most predominant form of oral cancer in developed countries with a varying incidence in developing countries [1]. The major etiological factors associated with tongue cancer include tobacco related products, alcohol and human papilloma virus (HPV) infections [2]. These factors lend to variability across populations, particularly in the Indian subcontinent wherein chewing betel-quid comprising betel leaf (Piper betel), areca nut (Areca catechu) and slaked lime (predominantly calcium hydroxide) is a part of the tradition [3].

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