Automatic multimodal detection for long-term seizure documentation in epilepsy

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 128, Issue 8
Author(s): F. Fürbass, S. Kampusch, E. Kaniusas, J. Koren, S. Pirker, R. Hopfengärtner, H. Stefan, T. Kluge, C. Baumgartner
ObjectiveThis study investigated sensitivity and false detection rate of a multimodal automatic seizure detection algorithm and the applicability to reduced electrode montages for long-term seizure documentation in epilepsy patients.MethodsAn automatic seizure detection algorithm based on EEG, EMG, and ECG signals was developed. EEG/ECG recordings of 92 patients from two epilepsy monitoring units including 494 seizures were used to assess detection performance. EMG data were extracted by bandpass filtering of EEG signals. Sensitivity and false detection rate were evaluated for each signal modality and for reduced electrode montages.ResultsAll focal seizures evolving to bilateral tonic-clonic (BTCS, n=50) and 89% of focal seizures (FS, n=139) were detected. Average sensitivity in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients was 94% and 74% in extratemporal lobe epilepsy (XTLE) patients. Overall detection sensitivity was 86%. Average false detection rate was 12.8 false detections in 24h (FD/24h) for TLE and 22 FD/24h in XTLE patients. Utilization of 8 frontal and temporal electrodes reduced average sensitivity from 86% to 81%.ConclusionOur automatic multimodal seizure detection algorithm shows high sensitivity with full and reduced electrode montages.SignificanceEvaluation of different signal modalities and electrode montages paces the way for semi-automatic seizure documentation systems.



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Brain network dynamics in the human articulatory loop

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 128, Issue 8
Author(s): Masaaki Nishida, Anna Korzeniewska, Nathan E. Crone, Goichiro Toyoda, Yasuo Nakai, Noa Ofen, Erik C. Brown, Eishi Asano
ObjectiveThe articulatory loop is a fundamental component of language function, involved in the short-term buffer of auditory information followed by its vocal reproduction. We characterized the network dynamics of the human articulatory loop, using invasive recording and stimulation.MethodsWe measured high-gamma activity70–110 Hz recorded intracranially when patients with epilepsy either only listened to, or listened to and then reproduced two successive tones by humming. We also conducted network analyses, and analyzed behavioral responses to cortical stimulation.ResultsPresentation of the initial tone elicited high-gamma augmentation bilaterally in the superior-temporal gyrus (STG) within 40ms, and in the precentral and inferior-frontal gyri (PCG and IFG) within 160ms after sound onset. During presentation of the second tone, high-gamma augmentation was reduced in STG but enhanced in IFG. The task requiring tone reproduction further enhanced high-gamma augmentation in PCG during and after sound presentation. Event-related causality (ERC) analysis revealed dominant flows within STG immediately after sound onset, followed by reciprocal interactions involving PCG and IFG. Measurement of cortico-cortical evoked-potentials (CCEPs) confirmed connectivity between distant high-gamma sites in the articulatory loop. High-frequency stimulation of precentral high-gamma sites in either hemisphere induced speech arrest, inability to control vocalization, or forced vocalization. Vocalization of tones was accompanied by high-gamma augmentation over larger extents of PCG.ConclusionsBilateral PCG rapidly and directly receives feed-forward signals from STG, and may promptly initiate motor planning including sub-vocal rehearsal for short-term buffering of auditory stimuli. Enhanced high-gamma augmentation in IFG during presentation of the second tone may reflect high-order processing of the tone sequence.SignificanceThe articulatory loop employs sustained reciprocal propagation of neural activity across a network of cortical sites with strong neurophysiological connectivity.



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Three-dimensional analysis of condylar remodelling and skeletal relapse following bimaxillary surgery: A 2-year follow-up study

None.

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Cerebrospinal fluid volume does not have etiological role in the incidence of positional skull deformities

Positional skull deformities (PSD) are becoming a daily health concern for craniofacial surgeons. Several reports have indicated that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space increases on computed tomography (CT) scans of infants suffering from PSD, suggesting a potential causal link. Here, we describe a semi-automatic method to estimate total brain and CSF volumes quantitatively. We tested the potential correlation between total CSF volume and the occurrence of PSD.

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Carotid body tumors: Surgical experience in 215 cases

Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are unusual neoplasms consisting of chemoreceptor cells occurring mainly at the carotid bifurcation. The first description was made by van Haller in 1743 (Gad et al,2014) and later by Marchand in 1891. Although they are the most common form of head and neck paraganglioma, CBTs have been reported as very rare lesions and most vascular surgeons will encounter only a few during their career. In 2009, in the largest study ever published and utilizing the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002-2006) which represents a 20% sample of hospitals in the United States, Vogel (Vogel et al,2009) identified 2117 patients who underwent elective surgical procedures for CBT.

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Corrigendum to “Can a surgery-first orthognathic approach reduce the total treatment time?” [Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 46 (2017) 473–482]

The authors regret the oversight that requires the following modification in Table 2. The last line for treatment time in Table 2 should be changed to 22.0 months in orthodontics-first group and 14.6 months in surgery-first group.

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Nasal airway evaluation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients: volumetric tomography and endoscopic findings

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) results from the recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Nasal abnormalities influence the stability of the pharynx. The aim of this study was to evaluate the volumetric and anatomical changes of the nasal cavity in patients with OSA. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale was used to grade nasal obstruction. Sleep-related breathing disorders were evaluated by polysomnography. The nasal airway volume was obtained from computed tomography scans through volumetric reconstruction of the nasal airway.

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Real-world burden of comorbidities in US patients with psoriasis

Understanding background comorbidity rates in psoriasis can provide perspective for adverse events associated with new therapies.

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The risk of malignancy among biologic-naïve pediatric psoriasis patients: A retrospective cohort study in a US claims database

Little published literature exists regarding malignancy risk in pediatric psoriasis patients.

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Healthy Skin for Everyone: The effectiveness of a community-based skin cancer education program in an underserved population

"Healthy Skin for Everyone," or "Piel Saludable Para Todos," is a community-based initiative to address the rising rates of skin cancer in minority populations that is coupled with poor mortality rates and lack of evidence-based interventions. In our study, community health workers from a large nonprofit, free clinic were trained to lead 45-minute interactive educational workshops followed by participant enrollment in a 12-week text-messaging program. Spanish-speaking adults over the age of 18 regardless of educational level were included.

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Incorporating the airway microbiome into asthma phenotyping - moving towards personalized medicine for non-eosinophilic asthma

http://ift.tt/2rZj3jo

Erratum to: Temporal trends of lipophilic persistent organic pollutants in serum from Danish nulliparous pregnant women 2011–2013

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Calendar

Publication date: July 2017
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), Volume 43, Issue 7





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Pulmonary metastasectomy – A retrospective comparison of surgical outcomes after laser-assisted and conventional resection

Publication date: July 2017
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), Volume 43, Issue 7
Author(s): K. Franzke, R. Natanov, N. Zinne, T.K. Rajab, C. Biancosino, I. Zander, S. Lodziewski, M. Ricklefs, I. Kropivnitskaya, J.D. Schmitto, A. Haverich, M. Krüger
IntroductionIndications and surgical techniques for pulmonary metastasectomy (PME) are controversially discussed issues. Laser-assisted surgery (LAS) is a recent innovation that has been advocated especially in patients with multiple pulmonary metastases (PM). However, there are hardly any studies comparing surgical outcomes after laser-assisted and conventional resection. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the value of LAS in a larger study population.Materials & methodsA retrospective analysis was completed on 178 consecutive patients undergoing 236 PMEs at a single center between 2010 and 2015. The main endpoint was survival. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and survival rates were compared with the log rank test. Follow-up was done with special attention to the development of recurrent PM. Local relapse was defined as a recurrent metastasis in direct relation to the previously resected area according to CT scan comparisons.ResultsLAS was performed on 256 metastases in 99 patients, non-laser-assisted surgery (NLAS) on 127 metastases in 79 patients. 5-year-survival rates were 69.3% in all patients, 65.7% after LAS and 73.6% after NLAS. There was no statistically significant survival difference after LAS or NLAS (p = 0.41). The rate of local relapse was 0.8% after LAS vs 3.1% after NLAS (p = 0.073).ConclusionDespite a larger number of negative predictors for survival in LAS patients, overall survival (OS) was similar in the compared groups. There was also a trend for a lower risk of local relapses after LAS. Therefore, LAS should be considered a promising method for PME.



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The evolving clinical management of cerebral metastases

Publication date: July 2017
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), Volume 43, Issue 7
Author(s): R. Sinha, W. Sage, C. Watts
Concepts in the management of brain metastases are evolving. Until recently, brain metastases have been considered as a homogenous condition, managed with whole brain radiotherapy, surgical resection for large lesions and stereotactic radiosurgery for smaller lesions. Increasingly, specific systemic medical therapies are being used to treat brain metastases based on the primary site of disease. This disease specific management is causing a change in perspective about brain metastases and has led to improved survival for patients with primary disease subtypes amenable to tailored medical therapies. We review the recent literature to present evidence for the use of subtype specific medical therapies, advances in surgical resection techniques and stereotactic radiosurgery as the primary treatment modalities. The decline in use of whole brain radiotherapy as first line treatment is also discussed. Based on the recent literature, we propose a new management algorithm to reflect the progress in available options for tailoring disease specific treatments and support the change in paradigm to consider brain metastases as separate disease states based on the primary site of cancer rather than as a homogenous entity.



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Editorial Board

Publication date: July 2017
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), Volume 43, Issue 7





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Announcements

Publication date: July 2017
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO), Volume 43, Issue 7





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Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine: US Anesthesiology Resident Training-The Year 2015.

Background and Objectives: The Anesthesiology Review Committee of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education sets core requirements for residency program accreditation. We periodically report and analyze the US anesthesiology residents' training experience in regional anesthesia and pain medicine. Methods: Resident caseload, procedure, and pain medicine evaluation data were aggregated for the resident cohort who graduated in 2015. These data were analyzed for present-day experience and compared with previous reports from years 1980, 1990, and 2000 graduates. Results: Data were available for 1631 residents who graduated from 129 training programs. Regional anesthesia as a portion of the overall anesthesiology residents' training experience remains unchanged since 1990. The distribution of regional anesthesia training has shifted from neuraxial to peripheral blocks. All residents at the 10th percentile and above achieved the benchmark for spinal, epidural, and peripheral nerve block anesthetics and for new pain evaluations. Conclusions: The focus of US anesthesiology resident training in regional anesthesia and pain medicine has changed over the past 15 years by shifting from neuraxial to peripheral nerve block techniques. Previous training deficits have resolved for spinal anesthesia and peripheral nerve block. Procedural experience in pain medicine overwhelmingly involves epidural and facet injections. Copyright (C) 2017 by American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine.

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Biochemical and Pharmacological Characterization of a Mice Model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Background and Objectives: Complex regional pain syndrome is a challenging disease to treat. Recently, a mouse fracture model of complex regional pain syndrome has been developed that has many signs of the clinical syndrome. However, many aspects of the sensory neuron biochemistry and behavioral and pharmacological characterization of this model remain to be clarified. Methods: Mice were randomly assigned to fracture/cast or control (naive) groups. Fracture/cast mice underwent a closed distal tibia facture, with hindlimb wrapped in casting tape for 3 weeks. After cast removal, mice were tested for mechanical allodynia, burrowing behavior, and motor ability over a 12-week period. Protein immunohistochemistry was performed for substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, tropomyosin receptor kinase A, nerve growth factor, Nav1.7, and transient receptor potential cation-channel V1, colocalized in neurons, in the ipsilateral lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Analgesic drugs were tested for pain-relieving efficacy. Results: Mechanical allodynia was greater in the ipsilateral hindpaw (P = 0.0002) in the fracture/cast group versus the control group, over the 3- to 12-week period. The amount of burrowing material removed was decreased (P = 0.0026), and there were deficits in spontaneous motor-rearing behavior (P = 0.018). Immunostaining of substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, Trk A receptor, nerve growth factor, Nav1.7, and transient receptor potential cation-channel V1 all demonstrated up-regulation in the DRGs of fracture mice versus controls (all P

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Recognition of Viral RNA by Pattern Recognition Receptors in the Induction of Innate Immunity and Excessive Inflammation During Respiratory Viral Infections

Viral Immunology , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Regional Immune Responses in the Lung After Respiratory Virus Infections

Viral Immunology , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The purpose of our review was to synthesize the existing literature about the prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy in children and adolescents confirmed by the reference standard – the nasoendoscopy. Six electronic databases and grey literature were searched. Studies were included if they reported the prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy confirmed via nasoendoscopy. Studies involving participants with associated comorbidities, fully diagnosed sleep apnea in their sample were excluded. The MAStARI tool assessed the potential risk of bias (RoB) among the studies, while the GRADE approach determined the level of evidence.

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Regulatory effects of berberine on microRNome in Cancer and other conditions

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Author(s): Seyed Hasan Ayati, Badrieh Fazeli, Amir Abbas Momtazi-borojeni, Arrigo F.G. Cicero, Matteo Pirro, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in different plant families such as Berberidaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Papaveraceae. BBR is well-known for its anti-inflammatory, lipid-modifying, anticancer, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antiparasitic and fungicide activities. Multiple pharmacological actions of BBR stem from different molecular targets of this phytochemical. MicroRNAs (miRs) are single-stranded, evolutionary conserved, small non-coding RNA molecules with a length of 19–23 nucleotides that are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through binding to the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) of target mRNA. MiRs emerged as important regulatory elements in almost all biological processes like cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and organogenesis, and numerous human diseases such as cancer and diabetes. BBR was shown to regulate the expression of miRs in several diseases. Here, we reviewed the target miRs of BBR and the relevance of their modulation for the potential treatment of serious human diseases like multiple myeloma, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer and glioblastoma. The role of miR regulation in the putative anti-diabetic effects of BBR is discussed, as well.



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Bartholin gland cancer

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Author(s): Violante Di Donato, Assunta Casorelli, Erlisa Bardhi, Flaminia Vena, Marchetti Claudia, Ludovico Muzii, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
IntroductionBartholin gland carcinoma is an extremely rare condition. Because of its, phase III trials have not been carried out, there exists no unanimous consensus on treatment and guidelines are missing.MethodsAll studies reporting cases of Bartholin cancer were collected and screened for the evaluations. Baseline characteristics of studies were extracted and were queried in a database.ResultsA total number of 133 manuscripts collected were available for the review process, representing a total number of 275 reported cases. The histological type of Bartholin gland cancer was specified in 90.4% cases: 30.7% cases were squamous cell carcinoma, 29.6% adenoid cystic carcinoma, 25% adenocarcinomas. At multivariate analysis adenocarcinoma histotype and positive lymph node were statistical correlated with worse prognosis.ConclusionBartholin gland cancer remains a challenge for gynecologic oncologists. To better understand and treat this disease, centralization to referral centers and design of multi institutional trials is crucial.



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Early bony changes associated with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in rats: A longitudinal in vivo study

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 82
Author(s): Josy Lorena Peres Vilarinho, Nathália Ferrare, Andreia Maria Rocha Moreira, Helora Freitas Moura, Ana Carolina Acevedo, Sacha Braun Chaves, Nilce Santos Melo, André Ferreira Leite, Sérgio Bruzadelli Macedo, Melissa Paoletti de Souza, Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães, Paulo Tadeu Figueiredo
ObjectiveTo evaluate early bony changes in an animal model of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) at the side of the local trauma and at the contralateral side, comparing with a control group. Bony changes were evaluated by Microcomputed Tomography (MicroCT) at three times points: at baseline (T0), after drug administration (T1) and after dental extraction (T2).DesignTwo groups were compared: the experimental group in which zoledronic acid (ZA) was administered (17 rats) and the control group (13 rats). Dental extractions of the lower left first molars were performed in all animals. The left side was considered as the supposed affected area in the ZA group, and the right side was considered as the unaffected area. In these areas, the following structural microtomographic bone parameters were calculated: Bone Mineral Density (BMD), Trabecular Thickness (Tb.Th), and Bone Volume Proportion (BV/TV). The comparison of quantitative bone parameters among the different sides and experimental phases of both studied groups were performed by ANOVA-factorial.ResultsNone of the animals of the control group developed MRONJ. In the ZA group, 76% presented bone exposure. From T0 to T1, Tb.Th and BV/TV increased, and in T2, the mean values were higher in ZA group than in the control group. BMD increased throughout the different phases of both groups.ConclusionsStructural bony changes occurred in the ZA group at both mandibular sides before the dental extraction (T1). Tb.Th and BV/TV should be further investigated as potential early bone markers of MRONJ.



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Immunological and epidemiological factors affecting candidiasis in HIV patients beginning antiretroviral therapy in an Asian clinic

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 82
Author(s): Endah A.T. Wulandari, Henny Saraswati, Robiatul Adawiyah, Samsuridjal Djauzi, Retno Wahyuningsih, Patricia Price
ObjectivesOropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is common in HIV patients beginning antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here we address the response to ART, and the roles of poor oral hygiene and defects in local innate immunity with a focus on salivary β-defensins, as they are implicated in control of candidiasis but have not been investigated in this context.DesignART naïve HIV-infected adults (n=82) with <200 CD4⁺ T-cells/mm³ attending clinics at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, were examined at the commencement of ART, and 73 were re-examined after 3 months. OPC was detected by clinical examination, and Candida albicans and fungal burdens were determined following culture on CHROMagar and saboroud-dextrose agar (resp). Salivary β-defensins (−2 and −3) were quantified by ELISA. Healthy control subjects (n=40) matched the patients by age and gender.ResultsOPC was evident in 47 patients before ART, and associated with greater fingal burdens. No OPC was detected in healthy controls and culture positivity was rare. ART decreased the prevalence of OPC to 8/73 HIV patients re-examined after 3 months, with reduced total fungal and C. albicans burdens. The incidence of OPC was independent of oral hygiene. Hyposalivation was more common in untreated HIV patients (16%) than after 3 months on ART and was rare in healthy controls. HIV patients were also more likely to have acidic saliva. Salivary β-defensin-2 was elevated in the presence of C. albicans pseudohyphae and OPC after 3 months on ART, but β-defensin-3 was not affected by OPC or ART.ConclusionsART reduces the prevalence of OPC, and the total fungal and C. albicans burden. Levels of salivary β-defensin-2 may associate with OPC in HIV patients responding to ART.



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Anagen Effluvium in Association With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract

Anagen effluvium (AE) is a type of alopecia with hair loss during the growth phase of a hair follicle and is most often associated with cytotoxic chemotherapy. This report describes a case of AE in a critically ill 2-year-old boy who developed cardiorespiratory failure requiring extracorporeal membranous oxygenation. We postulate that the combination of hypotension and hypoxia with subsequent reperfusion triggered an apoptotic cascade in the hair matrix, resulting in AE.

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Erratum to: an unusual pre-ligamentous thenar motor branch of the median nerve

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The cadaveric feasibility study of using filler augmentation at the lower nose for the reinforcement of the external nasal valve

Abstract

Background

Filler injections have been used in rhinoplasty to correct minor nose deformities and to augment the nasal dorsum. At the lower nose, the procedures are used to increase nasal tip projection and improve the bulbous nasal tip but they have never been used in the correction of the lateral crus weakness and collapsed external nasal valves.

Methods

The study was conducted with 14 human cadavers that underwent lower nose injection rhinoplasty using the columellar and alar injections as tripod augmentation. The nasal alae were tunneled and retrogradely injected by a needle. The compared parameters measured to evaluate the improvement before and after the treatment were basilar nasal width, interalar width, columella-nasal tip height, columellar-labial angle, and the length and width of the nostrils. Measurements were taken with a digital caliper. All measurements were matched and compared for statistical analysis.

Results

There were seven male and seven female Thai cadavers. Most of the values of the parameters were increased, but the basilar nasal width and interalar width were not changed. The columellar-labial angle, columella-nasal tip height, and nostril's length showed statistically significant differences (P < .05), leading to positive changes in the nostril cross-sectional area, the nasal tip projection and the external nasal valve.

Conclusions

Injection rhinoplasty of the lower nose as tripod augmentation of the external nasal valve increases the nasal tip projection and the nostril cross-sectional area thus improving the functional and esthetic appearance.Level of Evidence: Not ratable.

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Neural substrates underlying balanced time perspective: A combined voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity study

Publication date: 14 August 2017
Source:Behavioural Brain Research, Volume 332
Author(s): Yiqun Guo, Zhiyi Chen, Tingyong Feng
Balanced time perspective (BTP), which is defined as a mental ability to switch flexibly among different time perspectives Zimbardo and Boyd (1999), has been suggested to be a central component of positive psychology Boniwell and Zimbardo (2004). BTP reflects individual's cognitive flexibility towards different time frames, which leads to many positive outcomes, including positive mood, subjective wellbeing, emotional intelligence, fluid intelligence, and executive control. However, the neural basis of BTP is still unclear. To address this question, we quantified individual's deviation from the BTP (DBTP), and investigated the neural substrates of DBTP using both voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods VBM analysis found that DBTP scores were positively correlated with gray matter volume (GMV) in the ventral precuneus. We further found that DBTP scores were negatively associated with RSFCs between the ventral precuneus seed region and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ), parahippocampa gyrus (PHG), and middle frontal gyrus (MFG). These brain regions found in both VBM and RSFC analyses are commonly considered as core nodes of the default mode network (DMN) that is known to be involved in many functions, including episodic and autobiographical memory, self-related processing, theory of mind, and imagining the future. These functions of the DMN are also essential to individuals with BTP. Taken together, we provide the first evidence for the structural and functional neural basis of BTP, and highlight the crucial role of the DMN in cultivating an individual's BTP.



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Integrating a facial scan, virtual smile design, and 3D virtual patient for treatment with CAD-CAM ceramic veneers: A clinical report

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017
Source:The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
Author(s): Wei-Shao Lin, Bryan T. Harris, Kamolphob Phasuk, Daniel R. Llop, Dean Morton
This clinical report describes a digital workflow using the virtual smile design approach augmented with a static 3-dimensional (3D) virtual patient with photorealistic appearance to restore maxillary central incisors by using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic lithium disilicate ceramic veneers.



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Machine Learning based Identification of Protein-Protein Interactions using derived features of physiochemical properties and Evolutionary profiles

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017
Source:Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Author(s): Muhammad Tahir, Maqsood Hayat
Proteins are the central constitute of a cell or biological system. Proteins execute their functions by interacting with other molecules such as RNA, DNA and other proteins. The major functionality of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is the execution of biochemical activities in living species. Therefore, an accurate identification of PPIs becomes a challenging and demanding task for investigators from last few decades. Various traditional and computational methods have been applied but they have not achieved quite encouraging results. In order to extend the concept of computational model by incorporating intelligent, contemporary machine learning algorithms have been utilized for identification of PPIs. In this prediction model, protein sequences are expressed by using two distinct feature extraction methods namely: physiochemical properties of amino acids and evolutionary profiles method position specific scoring matrix (PSSM). Jackknife test and numerous performance parameters namely: specificity, recall, accuracy, MCC, precision, and F-measure were employed to compute the predictive quality of proposed model. After empirical analysis, it is determined that the proposed prediction model yielded encouraging predictive outcomes compared to existing state-of-the-art models. This achievement is ascribed with PSSM because it has clearly discerned a motif of PPIs. It is realized that the proposed prediction model will lead to be a practical and very useful tool for research community.



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Attitudes towards menopause and depression, body image of women during menopause

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017
Source:Alexandria Journal of Medicine
Author(s): Nülüfer Erbil




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Training Groups

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Editorial Board

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TRPV4 calcium-permeable channel is a novel regulator of oxidized LDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 110
Author(s): Rishov Goswami, Michael Merth, Shweta Sharma, Mazen O. Alharbi, Helim Aranda-Espinoza, Xiaoping Zhu, Shaik O. Rahaman
Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in United States, and atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory arterial disease, is the most dominant underlying pathology. Macrophages are thought to orchestrate atherosclerosis by generating lipid-laden foam cells and by secreting inflammatory mediators. Emerging data support a role for a mechanical factor, e.g., matrix stiffness, in regulation of macrophage function, vascular elasticity, and atherogenesis. However, the identity of the plasma membrane mechanosensor and the mechanisms by which pro-atherogenic signals are transduced/maintained are unknown. We have obtained evidence that TRPV4, an ion channel in the transient receptor potential vanilloid family and a known mechanosensor, is the likely mediator of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-dependent macrophage foam cell formation, a critical process in atherogenesis. Specifically, we found that: i) genetic ablation of TRPV4 or pharmacologic inhibition of TRPV4 activity by a specific antagonist blocked oxLDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation, and ii) TRPV4 deficiency prevented pathophysiological range matrix stiffness or scratch-induced exacerbation of oxLDL-induced foam cell formation. Mechanistically, we found that: i) plasma membrane localization of TRPV4 was sensitized to the increasing level of matrix stiffness, ii) lack of foam cell formation in TRPV4 null cells was not due to lack of expression of CD36, a major receptor for oxLDL, and iii) TRPV4 channel activity regulated oxLDL uptake but not its binding on macrophages. Altogether, these findings identify a novel role for TRPV4 in regulating macrophage foam cell formation by modulating uptake of oxLDL. These findings suggest that therapeutic targeting of TRPV4 may provide a selective approach to the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Graphical abstract

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Synthetic 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine inhibited metastasis of pancreatic cancer through concerted inhibitions of ERM and Rho-GTPase

Publication date: September 2017
Source:Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 110
Author(s): Jong-Min Park, Young-Min Han, Migyeong Jeong, Myung Hee Chung, Chang Il Kwon, Kwang Hyun Ko, Ki Baik Hahm
8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is generated consequent to oxidative stress, but its paradoxical anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-mutagenic effects via Rho-GTPase inhibition were noted in various models of inflammation and cancer. Metastasis occurs through cell detachment, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell migration; during these processes, changes in cell morphology are initiated through Rho-GTPase-dependent actin cytoskeleton polymerization. In this study, we explored the anti-metastatic mechanisms of 8-OHdG in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells. 8-OHdG inhibits cell migration by inactivating ERM and Rho-GTPase proteins, and inhibiting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). At 15min, 8-OHdG significantly inactivated ERM (p < 0.05) and led to a significant retardation of wound healing; siERM and H1152 (ROCK inhibitor) had similar effects (p < 0.05). However, FAK inhibitor 14, DPI (NOX inhibitor), and NAC (antioxidant) significantly delayed wound healing without inhibiting ERM or CD44 (p < 0.05). In the experiments on cell migration, siERM, siCD44, DPI, and 8-OHdG significantly inhibited MMPs. 8-OHdG significantly decreased DCF-DA activation in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells and down-regulated NOXs (nox-1, nox-2, and nox-3). Finally, all of these anti-migration actions of 8-OHdG resulted in significant inhibition of EMT, as evidenced by the up-regulation of ZO-1 and claudin-1 and down-regulation of vimentin. We found significant inhibition of lung metastasis of Panc-1 cells by 8-OHdG. In conclusion, exogenous 8-OHdG had potent anti-metastasis effects mediated by either ERM or Rho GTPase inhibition in metastasis-prone pancreatic cancer cells.

Graphical abstract

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What happens after treatment? A systematic review of relapse, remission, and recovery in anorexia nervosa

Abstract

Background

Relapse after treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN) is a significant clinical problem. Given the level of chronicity, morbidity, and mortality experienced by this population, it is imperative to understand the driving forces behind apparently high relapse rates. However, there is a lack of consensus in the field on an operational definition of relapse, which hinders precise and reliable estimates of the severity of this issue. The primary goal of this paper was to review prior studies of AN addressing definitions of relapse, as well as relapse rates.

Methods

Data sources included PubMed and PsychINFO through March 19th, 2016. A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. A total of (N = 27) peer-reviewed English language studies addressing relapse, remission, and recovery in AN were included.

Results

Definitions of relapse in AN as well as definitions of remission or recovery, on which relapse is predicated, varied substantially in the literature. Reported relapse rates ranged between 9 and 52%, and tended to increase with increasing duration of follow-up. There was consensus that risk for relapse in persons with AN is especially high within the first year following treatment.

Discussion

Standardized definitions of relapse, as well as remission and recovery, are needed in AN to accelerate clinical and research progress. This should improve the ability of future longitudinal studies to identify clinical, demographic, and biological characteristics in AN that predict relapse versus resilience, and to comparatively evaluate relapse prevention strategies. We propose standardized criteria for relapse, remission, and recovery, for further consideration.

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Metabolic and neuroprotective effects of dapagliflozin and liraglutide in diabetic mice

This study assessed the metabolic and neuroprotective actions of the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in combination with the GLP-1 agonist liraglutide in dietary-induced diabetic mice. Mice administered low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) on a high fat diet received dapagliflozin, liraglutide, dapagliflozin-plus-liraglutide (DAPA-Lira) or vehicle once-daily over 28 days. Energy intake, body weight, glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at regular intervals. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, hormone and biochemical analysis, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry densitometry, novel object recognition, islet and brain histology were examined. Once-daily administration of DAPA-Lira resulted in significant decreases in body weight, fat mass, glucose and insulin concentrations, despite no change in energy intake. Similar beneficial metabolic improvements were observed regarding glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, HbA1c, and triglycerides. Plasma glucagon, GLP-1 and IL-6 levels were increased and corticosterone concentrations decreased. DAPA-Lira treatment decreased alpha cell area and increased insulin content compared to dapagliflozin monotherapy. Recognition memory was significantly improved in all treatment groups. Brain histology demonstrated increased staining for doublecortin (number of immature neurons) in dentate gyrus and synaptophysin (synaptic density) in stratum oriens and stratum pyramidale. These data demonstrate that combination therapy of dapagliflozin and liraglutide exerts beneficial metabolic and neuroprotective effects in diet-induced diabetic mice. Our results highlight important personalised approach in utilising liraglutide in combination with dapagliflozin, instead of either agent alone, for further clinical evaluation in treatment of diabetes and associated neurodegenerative disorders.

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The highly overlapping actions of Lh signaling and Fsh signaling on zebrafish spermatogenesis

Gonadotropin signaling plays a pivotal role in the spermatogenesis of vertebrates, but how gonadotropins regulate the process in non-mammalian species remains elusive. Using a gene knockout approach in zebrafish, we have previously demonstrated the non-canonical action of gonadotropin signaling on spermatogenesis by analyzing four single mutant lines (lhb, lhr, fshb and fshr) and three double mutant lines (lhb;fshb, lhr;fshr and fshb;lhr). In this study, we further investigated the actions of gonadotropins on the testis by establishing three other double mutant zebrafish lines (lhb;lhr, fshb;fshr and lhb;fshr). All lhb;lhr and fshb;fshr mutant males were fertile. Analysis on gonadosomatic index and testicular histology in lhb;lhr and fshb;fshr mutants demonstrated that Lh signaling and Fsh signaling could functionally compensate each other in the testis. Intriguingly, the lhb;fshr mutant males were also found to be morphologically and histologically normal and functionally fertile, a phenomenon which could be explained by the cross-activation of Lhr by Fsh. We then demonstrated this cross-reactivity for the first time in zebrafish. Fsh was shown to activate Lhr using three different assay systems. Taken together, we conclude that the action of Lh and Fsh signaling is redundant in that either alone can support zebrafish spermatogenesis based on two observations. First, either Lh or Fsh signaling alone is sufficient to support male fertility. Second, the two gonadotropin ligands could promiscuously activate both receptors. Apart from revealing the complexity of gonadotropin signaling in controlling male reproduction in zebrafish, this study also shed light towards a better understanding of the evolution of gonadotropin signaling from fish to mammals.

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HB-EGF regulates Prss56 expression during mouse decidualization via EGFR/ERK/EGR2 signaling pathway

Embryo implantation and decidualization are key steps for successful reproduction. Although numerous factors have been identified to be involved in embryo implantation and decidualization, the mechanisms underlying these processes are still unclear. Based on our preliminary data, Prss56, a trypsin-like serine protease, is strongly expressed at implantation site in mouse uterus. However, the expression, regulation and function of Prss56 during early pregnancy are still unknown. In mouse uterus, Prss56 is strongly expressed in the subluminal stromal cells at implantation site on day 5 of pregnancy compared to inter-implantation site. Under delayed implantation, Prss56 expression is undetected. After delayed implantation is activated by estrogen, Prss56 is obviously induced at implantation site. Under artificial decidualization, Prss56 signal is seen at the primary decidual zone at the initial stage of artificial decidualization. When stromal cells are induced for in vitro decidualization, Prss56 expression is significantly elevated. Dtprp expression under in vitro decidualization is suppressed by Prss56 siRNA. In cultured stromal cells, HB-EGF markedly stimulates Prss56 expression through EGFR/ERK pathway. Based on promoter analysis, we also showed that Egr2 is involved in Prss56 regulation by HB-EGF. Collectively, Prss56 expression at implantation site is modulated by HB-EGF/EGFR/ERK signaling pathway and involved in mouse decidualization.

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The Opioid Epidemic is an Historic Opportunity to Improve Both Prevention and Treatment

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017
Source:Brain Research Bulletin
Author(s): Robert L. DuPont
The current narrative describing the national opioid epidemic as the result of overprescribing opioid pain medicines fails to capture the full dimensions of problem and leads to inadequate and even confounding solutions. Overlooked is the fact that polysubstance use is nearly ubiquitous among overdose deaths, demonstrating that the opioid overdose death problem is bigger than opioids. The foundation of the nation's opioid overdose crisis − and the totality of the nation's drug epidemic − is widespread recreational pharmacology, the use of drugs for fun or "self-medication." The national focus on the opioid overdose deaths provides important new opportunities in both prevention and treatment to make fundamental changes to the way that substance use disorders and related problems are understood and managed.The first-ever US Surgeon General's report on addiction provides a starting point for systemic changes in the nation's approach to preventing, treating and managing substance use disorders as serious, chronic diseases. New prevention efforts need to encourage youth to grow to adulthood not using alcohol, nicotine, marijuana or other drugs for reasons of health. New addiction treatment efforts need to focus on achieving long-term recovery including no use of alcohol, marijuana and other drugs.



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The effect of spatial context and plant characteristics on fruit removal

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Acta Oecologica, Volume 82
Author(s): Florencia Tiribelli, Guillermo Cesar Amico, Yamila Sasal, Juan Manuel Morales
Attracting frugivores for fruit removal is a crucial step in the reproductive success of those plants that depend on animals for seed dispersal. This mutualism involves many plant extrinsic and intrinsic factors that affect fruit removal. Along the northern portion of the temperate forest of southern South America, the nocturnal marsupial Dromiciops gliroides is the only effective disperser of the mistletoe Tristerix corymbosus. This system, where a single disperser removes the fruits of a plant is simple compared to systems that include multiple dispersers and represents a unique opportunity to study the effect of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in frugivore plant choices for fruit removal. With a hierarchical model, we evaluated the effects of spatial context (accessibility and tree cover) and plant characteristics (age and crop size) in fruit removal during four fruiting seasons. While all these variables affected fruit removal, only accessibility and plant age had consistent and positive effects across years. After studying four fruiting seasons, we found that characteristics associated with frugivores' habits are the most important factors for the reproductive success of plants dispersed by animals.



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Association between volumetric analysis of lung metastases on F-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography and short-term progression after i-131 therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Yasuhiro Maruoka, Shingo Baba, Takuro Isoda, Yoshiyuki Kitamura, Koichiro Abe, Masayuki Sasaki, Hiroshi Honda

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):167-172

Purpose: Lung metastases (LMs) and their radioiodine uptake affect prognosis in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). We herein investigate the value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in LMs on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using 2-[F-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-18 FDG PET/CT) in predicting short-term progression after initial I-131 therapy in DTC patients. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 111 DTC patients with LMs. Diagnostic CT and I-131 scintigraphy were performed within 1 week of I-131 therapy. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and total MTV (MTVtotal) were compared between patients with I-131-positive and I-131-negative LMs and between patients with and without short-term progression. Correlation analyses were performed between F-18 FDG PET/CT parameters and thyroglobulin (TG) level, and predictive factors for short-term progression were analyzed by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results: Patients with short-term progression had significantly higher SUVmax and MTVtotal than those without. TG levels were significantly correlated with SUVmax (r = 0.21) and MTVtotal (r = 0.51) after I-131 therapy. MTVtotal showed significant association (χ2 = 16.5, odds ratio = 0.02) with short-term progression after initial I-131 therapy and had the highest predictive value of all the putative risk factors. Conclusions: MTVtotal in LMs on F-18 FDG PET/CT is an independent predictive factor with a high predictive value for short-term progression of DTC after initial I-131 therapy. It is recommended that F-18 FDG PET/CT be performed before planning therapy during the evaluation of DTC patients with LM.

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Extraneural metastases in an operated case of pinealoblastoma identified on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography

Piyush Chandra, Sneha Shah, Archi Agrawal, Nilendu Purandare, Venkatesh Rangarajan

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):239-240

Extraneural (EN) metastases and leptomeningeal (LM) metastases from certain primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors, such as pinealoblastomas, are not very common and mostly detected on autopsy. Clinical detection of this entity is, however, very rare and can be attributed to increasing overall survival or probably increased use of surveillance imaging in patients with brain tumors. We demonstrate through this case the potential adjunctive role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the identification of asymptomatic LM/EN metastases in high-risk primary CNS tumors.

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Influence of decontaminating agents and swipe materials on laboratory simulated working surfaces wet spilled with sodium pertechnetate

Suman Akchata, K Lavanya, Bhushan Shivanand

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):173-176

Context: Decontamination of various working surfaces with sodium pertechnetate minor spillage is essential for maintaining good radiation safety practices as well as for regulatory compliance. Aim: To observe the influences of decontaminating agents and swipe materials on different type of surfaces used in nuclear medicine laboratory work area wet spilled with 99m-technetium (99mTc) sodium pertechnetate. Settings and Design: Lab-simulated working surface materials. Experimental study design. Materials and Methods: Direct decontamination method on dust-free lab simulated new working surfaces [stainless steel, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Perspex, resin] using four decontaminating agents [tap water, soap water (SW), Radiacwash, and spirit] with four different swipe material [cotton, tissue paper (TP), Whatman paper (WP), adsorbent sheet (AS)] was taken 10 samples (n = 10) for each group. Statistical Analysis: Parametric test two-way analysis of variance is used with significance level of 0.005, was used to evaluate statistical differences between different group of decontaminating agent and swipe material, and the results are expressed in mean ± SD. Results: Decontamination factor is calculated after five cleaning for each group. A total of 160 samples result calculated using four decontaminating agent (tap water, SW, Radiacwash, and spirit), four swipe material (cotton, TP, WP, and AS) for commonly used surface (stainless steel, PVC, Perspex, resin) using direct method by 10 samples (n = 10) for each group. Conclusions: Tap water is the best decontaminating agent compared with SW, Radiac wash and spirit for the laboratory simulated stainless steel, PVC, and Perspex surface material, whereas in case of resin surface material, SW decontaminating agent is showing better effectiveness. Cotton is the best swipe material compared to WP-1, AS and TP for the stainless steel, PVC, Perspex, and resin laboratory simulated surface materials. Perspex and stainless steel are the most suitable and recommended laboratory surface material compared to PVC and resin in nuclear medicine. Radiacwash may show better result for 99mTc labelled product and other radionuclide contamination on the laboratory working surface area.

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Myofascial pain syndrome on Tc99m MDP bone scintigraphy

Rola Aatif Hasan Hussain, Ammar Mohammed Saeed Ali, K Manivannan, SK Chirala

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):247-247



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Diagnostic accuracy of stress myocardial perfusion imaging in Indian diabetic patients: A single centre experience

Deepa Kumar, Ravinder Singh Sethi, Sandeep Bansal, Padma A Namgyal, Aditi Khurana Sehgal, Tajamul Syed Malik

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):177-183

Diabetics have around 2-4 times increased risk of coronary artery disease(CAD) and it is the most important cause of mortality in these patients. This study was carried out to compare the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MPI-SPECT among diabetics and non-diabetics in the Indian population. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 261 patients; 213 males and 48 females, with 75 diabetic and 186 non-diabetic patients. Only type II diabetics and non-diabetic patients were included in the study. Only patients who had coronary angiography (CAG) done within 6 months of the stress 99mTc-sestamibi MPI-SPECT study were included in the study. Two arbitrary cut off points on CAG ≥ 50% and ≥ 70% were used for determination of extent of CAD. Results: Considering coronary angiography as gold standard with ≥ 50% coronary stenosis as a cut off criteria for significant stenosis the sensitivity and specificity respectively, of myocardial perfusion SPECT was 83% and 72% in diabetics and 81% and 69% in non-diabetic pateints (p value not significant). For ≥ 70% coronary stenosis as a cut off criteria for significant stenosis the sensitivity and specificity respectively, of myocardial perfusion SPECT was 87% and 61% in diabetics and 88% and 58%in non-diabetics (p value not significant). No significant difference was found in the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of LAD, LCx and RCA coronary vessels among diabetics and non-diabetics for both ≥ 50% and ≥ 70% coronary stenosis as cut off criteria. Diabetic patients had a lower incidence of SVD compared to the non-diabetic patients. They also had a higher incidence of TVD and MVD compared to the non-diabetic patients with both ≥ 50% and ≥ 70% diameter stenosis criteria (p value significant). Conclusion: Sensitivity and specificity of 99mTc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion imaging is similar in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in Indian population.

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Radio-guided minimally invasive parathyroidectomy: A descriptive report of the experience from tertiary center in Bangalore

Bhushan Vidya, Shubhra Chauhan, Naveen Hedne Chandrasekhar, HV Sunil, Vijay Pillai, Vivek Shetty, RL Vijayaraghavan, Moni Abraham Kuriakose, Subramanian Kannan

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):184-187

Overview: Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) is an accepted surgical procedure for parathyroid adenomas. In the patients with parathyroid adenoma localized by dual phase 99mTc-Sestamibi scan, a focused approach utilizing the gamma probe intra-operatively helps in ensuring complete resection and avoiding exploration of the other parathyroid glands. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of radio-guided MIP for parathyroid adenomas detected by dual phase 99mTc-MIBI preoperatively, without intra-operative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) monitoring for patients who had evidence of single-gland disease. Patients and Methods: A retrospective dataset of 30 patients diagnosed with solitary parathyroid adenoma operated between 2009 and 2014 were reviewed. All of the patients underwent radio-guided MIP and were followed up for at least 6 months post-operatively. The biochemical parameters (serum calcium and serum parathyroid hormone levels), imaging parameters (ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI), and operative times were analyzed. Results: Our study consisted of 30 patients with 50% females, with a mean age of 42.5 + 12 years. The mean surgical duration was 20 + 12 min. All of the patients achieved biochemical cure (normalization of serum calcium) and remained eucalcemic at follow-up. No major surgical complications were noted. Conclusions: Focused parathyroidectomy using the gamma probe localization could be a potential alternative for ioPTH assay in ensuring the completeness of surgical resection of parathyroid adenoma. It is also likely to shorten operative time.

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Utility of three-phase skeletal scintigraphy with single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography in a case of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis

Renjith Kalathoorakathu Radhakrishnan, Arun Kumar Reddy Gorla, Ashwani Sood, Mahesh Prakash, Anish Bhattacharya, Bhagwant Rai Mittal

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):251-253



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Comparison between two-sample method with 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, Gates' method and estimated glomerular filtration rate values by formula based methods in healthy kidney donor population

Manish Kumar, Geetanjali Arora, Nishikant Avinash Damle, Praveen Kumar, Madhavi Tripathi, Chandrasekhar Bal, Sameer Kamlakar Taywade, Abhinav Singhal

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):188-193

Purpose of the Study: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most important parameter for the assessment of renal function. GFR by plasma sampling technique is considered accurate in the selection of donors for renal transplantation. Estimated GFR (eGFR) calculations using Gates' method and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Cockcroft–Gault (CG) equations are simple methods but have not been validated in the Indian population. Hence, we aimed to assess the correlation between these three techniques. Materials and Methods: The plasma sampling technique was done using two samples at 60 and 180 min after injection of 1 mCi (37MBq) 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) in 66 healthy donors. Age, sex, height, weight, and plasma creatinine were recorded. Normalized GFR (nGFR) by two-sample method and eGFR (for Gates', MDRD, and CG) values were calculated using formulae. Results: There were 14 male and 52 female donors. Mean age was 46.56 ± 12.88 years (24–69 years). Mean height was 153.74 ± 8.35 cm, whereas mean weight was 56.97 ± 11.88 kg. Mean nGFR value was 80.4 for two-sample method while mean eGFR value for Gates', CG, and MDRD were 83.3, 89.36, and 97.47 ml/min/1.73 m2 (eligibility value at our institution = 70), respectively. While the correlation between nGFR and eGFR CG and MDRD was weak moderate (correlation coefficient = 0.5), nGFR and eGFR Gates' had a moderate correlation (0.686). Mean total bias for eGFR Gates', CG, and MDRD were 2.87, 8.93, and 17.0, respectively. P30of eGFR Gates', CG and MDRD were 60.6%, 57.6%, and 62.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Due to the large variability in eGFR Gates', CG and MDRD, nGFR estimation using the plasma sampling technique with 99mTc-DTPA appears necessary while screening healthy donors for renal transplantation.

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Ectopic parathyroid incidentaloma on Tc99M sestamibi myocardial perfusion imaging

Rola Aatif Hasan Hussain, Ammar Mohammed Saeed Ali, K Manivannan, SK Chirala

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):235-236

Parathyroid incidentalomas are generally discovered during thyroid surgery. [1]In the present case, the ectopic parathyroid adenoma was discovered as an incidentaloma in a clinical setting, during the course of clinical evaluation of atypical chest pain by gastroenterology and cardiology.

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Osteoid osteoma mimicking inflammatory synovitis

Nikhil Seniaray, Anuj Jain

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):194-197

Osteoid osteoma is a common benign bone tumor of unknown etiology affecting the young adult with characteristic clinical and radiographic presentation in its common locations. However, when it arises in unusual intra-articular locations diagnosis may be misleading, often mimicking other entities leading to delayed management. We present a case series of three cases with intra-articular osteoid osteoma that were diagnosed with the help of correlative imaging.

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Extra-striatal uptake of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 in meningioma detected on SPECT/CT: Diagnostic clue or mere coincidence?

Piyush Chandra, Satish Nath

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):243-244

Incidental observation of extra-striatal uptake of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 has been reported previously in multiple space-occupying lesions of the brain. We present here a SPECT/CT scan of a 60-year old female with parkinsonism, with normal presynaptic dopaminergic transporters expression and with an intense tracer uptake in a large right-sided frontoparietal meningioma.

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Role of FDG PET/CT in diagnostic evaluation of granulocytic sarcomas: A series of 12 patients

Piyush Chandra, Sanket Dhake, Nilendu Purandare, Archi Agrawal, Sneha Shah, Venkatesh Rangarajan

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):198-202

Objective: Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare extramedullary manifestation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which can precede the diagnosis or occur in the posttreatment setting. Unlike its established role in other hematological malignancies like Hodgkin's on non-Hodgkin's disease, the exact role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in AML with or without GS remains to be defined. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed PET/CT scans of 12 patients with histologically proven GS. Marrow examination of these patients identified nine patients with isolated GS (without existent leukemia) and three patients with coexistent leukemia. Results: PET/CT accurately identified all clinically evident GS in all 12 patients at initial staging and at follow-up with tumors, showing moderate to high 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose uptake. Coexistent marrow disease was seen on PET/CT in three patients, which was confirmed on histopathology. In the same patients, PET/CT also detected additional sites of extramedullary disease in 66.6% (n = 8), which was either clinically occult or not evident on routine CT. Conclusion: PET/CT appears to be a highly sensitive imaging modality in diagnostic evaluation of GS. The most important indication of using PET/CT in these cases is to identify additional sites of clinically occult extramedullary disease, which can potentially impact treatment decisions and outcomes.

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Lymphomatous involvement of male breast in a patient with bilateral gynecomastia: Demonstration with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography

Punit Sharma

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):249-250



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Role of 99mTc MDP bone scan in delineation of ischaemic zone in cases of severe frostbite

Arun Ravi John, Anurag Jain, Braj Kishore, Aniruddha G Pandit

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):203-207

Frostbite or cold burn is the medical condition in which localized damage is caused to exposed skin and subcutaneous tissue due to freezing. Frostbite most likely involves body parts farthest from the heart and those with large exposed areas. At or below 0 °C (32 °F), blood vessels close to the skin start to constrict, and blood is shunted away from the extremities via the physiological feedback action of glomus bodies. This peripheral vasoconstriction helps to conserve core body temperature. In extreme cold, or when certain parts of the body are exposed to cold conditions for long periods, this protective mechanism can reduce blood flow in some areas of the body to dangerously low levels. This is followed by crystallisation of water in the tissue and subsequent death of tissues in the affected areas. In this case series, we highlight the importance of a 99mtechnetium methylene diphosphonate (99mTc MDP) triple phase bone scan in cases of severe frostbite to precisely delineate the ischaemic and reperfusion zones, so as to help the surgeons in carefully deciding if amputation is required and the level of amputation in such cases.

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Typifying the atypical parathyroid adenoma

Panchangam Ramakanth Bhargav

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):255-255



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An unusual case of myocardial localization of non-small cell lung cancer metastasis: A case report and review of literature

Luca Tagliabue, Giulia Manfrinato, Andrea Luciani

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):208-210

Positron emission tomography (PET) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is useful for staging non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), decide the appropriate initial management, and evaluate the response to therapy. Metastatic spreading is very common during the course of NSCLC and principal localization sites include: regional and mediastinal lymph nodes and organs such as the contralateral lung parenchyma, bone, brain, adrenal gland, pleura, and liver. Myocardial localizations are very rare, often asymptomatic, and difficult to diagnose. For this reason, only a few cases are reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of an asymptomatic patient affected by locally advanced NSCLC and high metabolic lesion of the interventricular septum.

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Gallbladder visualization on Tc-99m-labeled red cell scintigraphy: A rare finding with an emphasis on role of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography

Narvesh Kumar, Rani Kunti Randhir Singh, Deepanksha Dutta, Mudalsha Ravina, Subhash Chand Kheruka, Sanjay Gambhir

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):233-234

Tc-99m labeled red blood cell (RBC) scintigraphy is one of the most sensitive tests to diagnose occult gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. Visualization of gallbladder is a rare finding in this study. Most of the previously reported cases with similar false-positive finding were associated chronic renal failure, anemia, and received multiple blood transfusions. Thus, while interpreting GI bleed scan, a thorough clinical history is of utmost importance to avoid any false-positive findings. Here, we report a case of gallbladder visualization in 99mTc-RBC scintigraphy confirmed by single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography in a patient with chronic renal failure and anemia with failed renal transplant within 3 months.

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Avascular necrosis of talus diagnosed on Tc-99m MDP bone scan

Ashish R Kamra, Shwetal U Pawar, Suruchi Shetye, Preeti R Singh

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):211-213

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of bone is defined as the cellular death of bone components due to the interruption of the blood supply; the bone structures then collapse, resulting in pain and loss of joint function. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard to diagnose AVN. We present an unusual case of AVN of talus in a patient of thalassemia major that was diagnosed on the Tc-99m MDP bone scan with equivocal findings on MRI.

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18-F-FDG PET-CT in monitoring of chemotherapeutic effect in a case of metastatic hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

Shamim Ahmed Shamim, Sarthak Tripathy, Anirban Mukherjee, Chandrasekhar Bal, Shambo Guha Roy

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):237-238

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare variant of mesenchymal tumor. Surgical resection or partial hepatectomy is the treatment of choice in the case of localized disease. However, in metastatic cases, chemotherapeutic drugs targeting the tyrosine kinase are being used. We hereby present 18-F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography findings in a case of a 35-year old woman with metastatic HEHE showing significant response to Sorafenib therapy after 6 months.

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Rectal carcinoma metastases to multiple skeletal muscles-role of f-18 FDG PET/CT

Meghana Prabhu, Sunil Hejjaji Venkataramarao Nalini Raju, Hemant Sachani

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2017 32(3):214-216

Rectal carcinoma with metastasis to skeletal muscle is rare. So far, 16 cases of skeletal muscle metastasis from colorectal carcinoma have been documented of which only 5 were rectal carcinomas.[1] We discuss here the case of a 69-year old male, a known case of mucinous adenocarcinoma status post neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and abdomino perineal resection, who presented with low backache 4 months post surgery. He was found to have metastasis to multiple skeletal muscles without the involvement of common sites, such as liver and lung. The role of 18-FDG–PET/CT in such cases is rarely reported in the literature. This case highlights the importance of utilizing 18-FDG-PET/CT in detecting sites of skeletal muscle metastasis and thereby guides appropriate management.

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Editorial Board

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Degradation of metaldehyde in water by nanoparticle catalysts and powdered activated carbon

Abstract

Metaldehyde, an organic pesticide widely used in the UK, has been detected in drinking water in the UK with a low concentration (<1 μg L⁻¹) which is still above the European and UK standard requirements. This paper investigates the efficiency of four materials: powdered activated carbon (PAC) and carbon-doped titanium dioxide nanocatalyst with different concentrations of carbon (C-1.5, C-40, and C-80) for metaldehyde removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption and oxidation via photocatalysis. PAC was found to be the most effective material which showed almost over 90% removal. Adsorption data were well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model, giving a q _m (maximum/saturation adsorption capacity) value of 32.258 mg g⁻¹ and a K _L (Langmuir constant) value of 2.013 L mg⁻¹. In terms of kinetic study, adsorption of metaldehyde by PAC fitted well with a pseudo-second-order equation, giving the adsorption rate constant k ₂ value of 0.023 g mg⁻¹ min⁻¹, implying rapid adsorption. The nanocatalysts were much less effective in oxidising metaldehyde than PAC with the same metaldehyde concentration and 0.2 g L⁻¹ loading concentration of materials under UV light; the maximum removal achieved by carbon-doped titanium dioxide (C-1.5) nanocatalyst was around 15% for a 7.5 ppm metaldehyde solution.

Graphical abstract

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Geographic distribution of phylogenetic species of the Fusarium graminearum species complex and their 8-ketotrichothecene chemotypes on wheat spikes in Iran

Abstract

Isolates of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC, n = 446) were collected from wheat spikes from northern and western regions of Iran with a history of Fusarium head blight (FHB) occurrences. The trichothecene mycotoxin genotypes/chemotypes, the associated phylogenetic species, and geographical distribution of these isolates were analyzed. Two phylogenetic species, Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum, were identified and were found to belong to sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) groups V and I. Isolates from F. asiaticum species lineage 6 were within SCAR group V, whereas F. graminearum species lineage 7 were of SCAR group I. Of the 446 isolates assayed, 274 were F. asiaticum species predominantly of the nivalenol (NIV) genotype, while other isolates were either deoxynivalenol (DON) plus 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON) or DON plus 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-AcDON) genotype. Based on Tri7 gene sequences, a new subpopulation of 15-AcDON producers was observed among F. asiaticum strains in which 11-bp repeats were absent in the Tri7 sequences. The trichothecene chemotype was confirmed and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 46 FGSC isolates. Isolates produced NIV (33.4–108.2 μg/g) and DON (64.7–473.6 μg/g) plus either 3-AcDON (51.4–142.4 μg/g) or 15-AcDON (24.1–99.3 μg/g). Among FGSC isolates, F. asiaticum produced the highest levels of trichothecenes. Using BIOCLIM based on the climate data of 20-year during 1994–2014, modelling geographical distribution of FGSC showed that F. asiaticum was restricted to warmer and humid areas with a median value of mean annual temperature of about 17.5 °C and annual rainfall of 658 mm, respectively (P < 0.05). In contrast, F. graminearum (only 15-AcDON producers) was restricted to cooler and drier areas, with a median value of the mean annual temperature of 14.4 °C and an annual rainfall of 384 mm, respectively (P < 0.05). Based on climate parameters at anthesis, the recorded distribution of F. graminearum and F. asiaticum was similar to that based on BIOCLIM parameters. Therefore, geographic differences on the wheat-growing areas in Iran have had a significant effect on distribution of FGSC and their trichothecene chemotypes.

http://ift.tt/2s8pY84

Bilaterale Stimmbandparese eines langzeitbeatmeten Patienten mit DISH

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-112161

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Full text

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Schädigung von mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten durch Aufbereitung in einer Zentralsterilisation

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-110857

Jedes Jahr werden in Krankenhäusern Risikomeldungen zu Verunreinigungen, Korrosion, Deformation oder vorzeitigem Verschleiß von Medizinprodukten gemacht. Zu den Auswirkungen des Aufbereitungsprozesses auf die Qualität und Haltbarkeit empfindlicher und sehr feiner Instrumente gibt es bisher sehr wenige Daten. Diese Arbeit untersucht, ob und gegebenenfalls in welchem Umfang mikrochirurgische Instrumente durch den Aufbereitungsprozess geschädigt werden. Material und Methoden Gegenstand der Untersuchung waren 22 mikrochirurgische Instrumente aus der Stapeschirurgie. Die fabrikneuen Instrumente zweier unterschiedlicher Hersteller A und B wurden jeweils 30 Mal einem Aufbereitungsprozess unterzogen, ohne dass sie jemals operativ oder anderweitig benutzt wurden. Nach jedem Aufbereitungsprozess wurden die Instrumente makroskopisch und mikroskopisch überprüft. Die Ergebnisse wurden mittels einer Fotodokumentation dargestellt und auf Basis dieser ausgewertet. Ergebnisse Bei nahezu allen Instrumenten kam es zu mechanischen Beschädigungen allein durch den Aufbereitungsprozess. In einigen Fällen wiesen die Instrumente bei der mikroskopischen Sichtkontrolle Verschmutzungen und Flecken auf. Schlussfolgerung Die Arbeit zeigt auf, wie elementar ein sorgfältiger Umgang mit empfindlichen Instrumenten bei deren Aufbereitung ist. Sie weist außerdem auf Probleme der bei mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten üblichen Lagerung mit Schutzhülsen hin. Als zukünftige Alternative sollte über eine statische Lagerung von mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten in speziellen Racks nachgedacht werden.
[...]

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

http://ift.tt/2sm5Y3X

Bilaterale Stimmbandparese eines langzeitbeatmeten Patienten mit DISH

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-112161

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Full text

http://ift.tt/2tjOBy8

Schädigung von mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten durch Aufbereitung in einer Zentralsterilisation

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-110857

Jedes Jahr werden in Krankenhäusern Risikomeldungen zu Verunreinigungen, Korrosion, Deformation oder vorzeitigem Verschleiß von Medizinprodukten gemacht. Zu den Auswirkungen des Aufbereitungsprozesses auf die Qualität und Haltbarkeit empfindlicher und sehr feiner Instrumente gibt es bisher sehr wenige Daten. Diese Arbeit untersucht, ob und gegebenenfalls in welchem Umfang mikrochirurgische Instrumente durch den Aufbereitungsprozess geschädigt werden. Material und Methoden Gegenstand der Untersuchung waren 22 mikrochirurgische Instrumente aus der Stapeschirurgie. Die fabrikneuen Instrumente zweier unterschiedlicher Hersteller A und B wurden jeweils 30 Mal einem Aufbereitungsprozess unterzogen, ohne dass sie jemals operativ oder anderweitig benutzt wurden. Nach jedem Aufbereitungsprozess wurden die Instrumente makroskopisch und mikroskopisch überprüft. Die Ergebnisse wurden mittels einer Fotodokumentation dargestellt und auf Basis dieser ausgewertet. Ergebnisse Bei nahezu allen Instrumenten kam es zu mechanischen Beschädigungen allein durch den Aufbereitungsprozess. In einigen Fällen wiesen die Instrumente bei der mikroskopischen Sichtkontrolle Verschmutzungen und Flecken auf. Schlussfolgerung Die Arbeit zeigt auf, wie elementar ein sorgfältiger Umgang mit empfindlichen Instrumenten bei deren Aufbereitung ist. Sie weist außerdem auf Probleme der bei mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten üblichen Lagerung mit Schutzhülsen hin. Als zukünftige Alternative sollte über eine statische Lagerung von mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten in speziellen Racks nachgedacht werden.
[...]

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

http://ift.tt/2sm5Y3X

Stent migration during EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy in a patient with massive ascites: Troubleshooting using additional EUS-guided antegrade stenting

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017
Source:Arab Journal of Gastroenterology
Author(s): Ken Kamata, Mamoru Takenaka, Kosuke Minaga, Shunsuke Omoto, Takeshi Miyata, Kentaro Yamao, Hajime Imai, Masatoshi Kudo
EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) is useful for treating obstructive jaundice. However, stent migration may sometimes occur both during and after the procedure. This report describes a patient with pancreatic cancer and massive ascites who underwent EUS-HGS combined with EUS-guided antegrade stenting (EUS-AS), with additional EUS-AS playing a role in troubleshooting for stent migration during EUS-HGS.



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Factors associated with the choice of the first biologic in psoriasis: Real life analysis from the Psobioteq cohort

Abstract

Background

Decision making is a complex process. The aim of our study was to assess factors associated with the choice of the first biological treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

Methods

Data on all patients included in the French prospective, observational, cohort, Psobioteq and initiating a first biologic prescription between July 2012 and July 2016 were analysed. Demographic information and clinical features were collected during routine clinical assessments by the dermatology team at the recruiting centres using a standardized case report form. The primary outcome was the nature of the first biologic treatment. Four groups were identified: adalimumab, etanercept, ustekinumab and infliximab groups. Factors associated with the choice of the first biological agent were determined by a multinomial logistic regression model adjusted on year of inclusion.

Results

The study population included the 830 biological-naïve patients who initiated a first biological agent. The mean age was 46.6 years (+/-SD 13.9), and 318 patients (38.3%) were female. The most commonly prescribed biologic was adalimumab: 355 (42.8%) patients, then etanercept (n=247, 29.8%), ustekinumab (n=194, 23.4%) and infliximab (n=34, 4.0%). In the multinomial logistic regression analysis, patients were significantly more likely to receive adalimumab if they had a severe psoriasis as defined by baseline PASI or if they had psoriatic arthritis compared to etanercept (aOR, 0.42; 95%CI, 0.16 to 1.07) and ustekinumab (aOR, 0.15; 95%CI, 0.04 to 0.52). Patients were significantly more likely to receive ustekinumab (aOR, 2.39; 95%CI, 1.04 to 5.50) if they had a positive screening for latent tuberculosis compared to adalimumab. Younger patients were also more likely to receive ustekinumab. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were more likely to be prescribed ustekinumab or etanercept compared to adalimumab. There was a trend in favor of etanercept prescription in patients with cardiovascular co-morbidities, metabolic syndrome and in patients with a history of cancer.

Conclusion

We identified patient and disease related factors that have important influence on the choice of the first biological agent in clinical practice. Clinicians appear to have a holistic approach to patient characteristics when choosing a biological agent in psoriasis.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Cryptogenic cirrhosis: misunderstood cause of yellow urticaria

Abstract

We read with great interest the paper by Combalia et al recently appeared on Journal of European Academy of Dermatology¹. The authors reported two cases of yellow urticaria related to liver cirrhosis, one due to hemochromatosis, and the other one to alcohol¹. With a total of ten cases reported in literature by now, we considered relevant to report another case we recently came across.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

http://ift.tt/2spPvg0

Psoriasis Comorbidity affects Multiple Sclerosis Neurological Progression: a retrospective case –control analysis

Abstract

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and psoriasis are inflammatory disorders, with epidemiological and biological associations. The impact of one disease on the course of the other has not been studied.

Objective

To characterize patients with psoriasis and MS, and to assess whether psoriasis comorbidity affected the progression of MS.

Methods

A retrospective case control study. Patients with psoriasis comorbidity were identified from 3456 patients included in the Sheba Hospital Multiple Sclerosis Center database. Clinical and demographical characteristics and MS progression-related outcomes in patients whose follow up exceeded 5 years were analyzed and compared to those of a matched control cohort of MS-only (MSO) patients.

Results

Forty-five (1.3%) MS patients had psoriasis comorbidity. Psoriasis preceded MS in thirty-five (78%) cases. The psoriasis was defined as mild, moderate, and severe in twenty-four (53%), twelve (27%), and nine (20%) cases, respectively. MS progression-related outcomes were evaluated in 35 patients that had follow-up over 5 years. Patients with psoriasis onset preceding relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) had slower progression of disease compared to MSO patients, as manifested by a longer time to second relapse (p<0.01) and a longer time to significant neurological disability scores (p<0.03).

Conclusion

Psoriasis comorbidity preceding the onset of MS is associated with slower progression of disability.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

http://ift.tt/2spVrFL

Satisfaction of mountain guides with high sun protection as a tool to prevent NMSC

Abstract

Background

NMSC is an occupational disease for outdoor workers in Germany since 2015. Sustainable prevention is demanded and sunscreen promoted as an effective tool. However, studies on the satisfaction of sunscreen users are rare.

Objective

To evaluate the satisfaction of mountain guides using a high SPF sunscreen product as an appropriate prevention tool for mountain guides.

Methods

Motivating mountain and ski guides in Germany to use very high protection sunscreen (SPF50+, Actinica Lotion) during a 4 to 8 hours workday followed by the completion of a self-filled paper-based questionnaire about their experience and satisfaction with the product.

Results

Of 88 mountain and ski guides (61 men, 27 women) included in the study, 61.4% reported regular sunscreen use with the application of very high protection (SPF50+) in 18.6% of all cases. At the end of the workday, 78.6% found the product convenient and easy to include into their daily work and 79.3% felt sufficiently protected against the sun.

Conclusion

Overall satisfaction with the use of high SPF products during work is high in mountain and ski guides and could be an effective tool in prevention campaigns.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

http://ift.tt/2sZn4CJ

Prevention of livedoid vasculopathy recurrence by prolonged administration of rivaroxaban

Abstract

A 49-year-old man with known livedoid vasculopathy presented with recurrent painful (VAS 8/10) ulceration and necrosis on the foot (Figure 1). He was formerly treated with prostacyclin infusions, acetylsalicylic acid, intravenous immunoglobulins, different systemic antibiotics and a skin grafting. At admission an antithrombotic therapy with enoxaparin (Clexane^®) in a dose of 1 mg/ kg bodyweight (100 mg) once daily was initiated.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

http://ift.tt/2sZbcAD

Production of stable and sensitive SERS substrate based on commercialized porous material of silanized support

Publication date: 1 November 2017
Source:Talanta, Volume 174
Author(s): Han Zhang, Lin Sun, Yuan Zhang, Yan Kang, Huilian Hu, Huirong Tang, Yiping Du
This paper reports accurate synthesis of a new type of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate based on gold nanoparticles decorated 201 red silanized diatomaceous supports. The developed SERS substrate is easy to fabricate, cost effective and offers sensitive rapid detection. The performance and stability of the SERS substrate was investigated and the results showed good SERS activity of substrate that can last for more than 6 months. Tiazophos and phosmet pesticides in aqueous solutions can be detected clearly at a low concentration of 0.01mg/L. The new substrate was applied to detect triazophos in apple pulp at 0.2mg/kg. The results indicate that this substrate have good potential in rapid monitoring of pesticide residues in fruits and could be suitable for field-based applications, and routine laboratory analysis of chemicals.

Graphical abstract

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New discoveries in the pathogenesis and classification of vitiligo

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Michelle Rodrigues, Khaled Ezzedine, Iltefat Hamzavi, Amit G. Pandya, John E. Harris
Vitiligo is a common autoimmune disease that progressively destroys melanocytes in the skin, resulting in the appearance of patchy depigmentation. This disfiguring condition frequently affects the face and other visible areas of the body, which can be psychologically devastating. The onset of vitiligo often occurs in younger individuals and progresses for life, resulting in a heavy burden of disease and decreased quality of life. Presentation patterns of vitiligo vary, and recognition of these patterns provides both diagnostic and prognostic clues. Recent insights into disease pathogenesis offer a better understanding of the natural history of the disease, its associations, and potential for future treatments. The first article in this continuing medical education series outlines typical and atypical presentations of vitiligo, how they reflect disease activity, prognosis, and response to treatment. Finally, we discuss disease associations, risk factors, and our current understanding of disease pathogenesis.



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Comorbidities in patients with psoriasis: The role of the dermatologist

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Mohammed D. Saleem, Steven R. Feldman




http://ift.tt/2slRoJK

Observational study of free public sunscreen dispenser use at a major US outdoor event

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Megan Wood, Tom Raisanen, Ingrid Polcari




http://ift.tt/2slvjv2

Editorial Board

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





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Table of Contents

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





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Unusual patterns of presentation of frontal fibrosing alopecia: A clinical and trichoscopic analysis of 98 patients

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Alfredo Rossi, Sara Grassi, Maria Caterina Fortuna, Valentina Garelli, Giulia Pranteda, Gemma Caro, Marta Carlesimo




http://ift.tt/2tjmgrP

Information for Readers

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





http://ift.tt/2rrnbVz

The role of wide local excision for the treatment of severe hidradenitis suppurativa (Hurley grade III): Retrospective analysis of 74 patients

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Christian Posch, Babak Monshi, Tamara Quint, Igor Vujic, Nikolaus Lilgenau, Klemens Rappersberger
BackgroundEffective medical treatment for patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is limited.ObjectivesWe sought to measure the impact of wide local excision on quality of life in HS Hurley grade III patients and to examine the rate of postoperative complications, disease recurrences, and satisfaction with the cosmetic results.MethodsSeventy-four patients were enrolled. Outcome measures included Dermatology Life Quality Index responses, disease duration, recurrence, previous therapies, postoperative complications, and satisfaction with cosmetic results.ResultsMost patients had inguinogenital/gluteal disease (68.9%, P < .001). Involvement of both the axillary and the inguinogenital/gluteal areas were pronounced in male patients (P = .018). None of the patients was treated with tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors. Most patients (71.6%) had a disease history of >5 years at the time of presentation and multiple unsuccessful attempts with systemic and local therapeutic interventions. Wide local excision improved Dermatology Life Quality Index scores from initially 27.89 to 5.31 after surgery (P < .001), independent of localization (P = .195). Forty-seven percent of patients had postoperative complications, most frequently pain and scarring. The vast majority of patients (70.3%) were satisfied with the cosmetic results.LimitationsThe retrospective nature of the study was a limitation.ConclusionsWide local excision significantly improves the quality of life of HS patients. Local recurrence rates are low, and satisfaction with the cosmetic results is high.



http://ift.tt/2rWFYvH

JAAD Case Reports Article List

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





http://ift.tt/2rWDEVh

Journal Based CME Instructions and Information

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





http://ift.tt/2rrMYNk

Ethnicity affects the presenting severity of psoriasis

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Michael Abrouk, Kristina Lee, Merrick Brodsky, Mio Nakamura, Rasnik Singh, Tian Hao Zhu, Benjamin Farahnik, Wilson Liao




http://ift.tt/2tjCi4N

CME examination

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





http://ift.tt/2rrlyau

Join the JAAD Virtual Journal Club to discuss this month's CME articles

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





http://ift.tt/2rWQzXr

Methotrexate treatment in patients with a history of cutaneous melanoma and the risk of a consecutive primary melanoma: A national retrospective registry-based cohort study

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Sam Polesie, Martin Gillstedt, John Paoli, Amra Osmancevic




http://ift.tt/2tjyrVo

Answers to CME examination

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





http://ift.tt/2rrlAz8

Topical Janus kinase inhibitors for the treatment of pediatric alopecia areata

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Cheryl B. Bayart, Katherine L. DeNiro, Lars Brichta, Brittany G. Craiglow, Robert Sidbury




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Change of Address

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1





http://ift.tt/2rWAocw

Risk of Alzheimer's disease is not increased among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: A retrospective population-based cohort analysis

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Amit Garg, Andrew Strunk




http://ift.tt/2tjpefH

Current and emerging treatments for vitiligo

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Michelle Rodrigues, Khaled Ezzedine, Iltefat Hamzavi, Amit G. Pandya, John E. Harris
Clinicians should be aware that vitiligo is not merely a cosmetic disease and that there are safe and effective treatments available for vitiligo. It is important to recognize common and uncommon presentations and those with active disease, as well as their implications for clinical management; these were discussed in the first article in this continuing medical education series. Existing treatments include topical and systemic immunosuppressants, phototherapy, and surgical techniques, which together may serve to halt disease progression, stabilize depigmented lesions, and encourage repigmentation. We discuss how to optimize the currently available treatments and highlight emerging treatments that may improve treatment efficacy in the future.



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Commentary: Clinical registries

Publication date: July 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1
Author(s): Jane M. Grant-Kels




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Utilidad de la gammagrafía con leucocitos marcados y SPECT/TC en la infección de injertos vasculares

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2017
Source:Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular
Author(s): V. Marín-Oyaga, C. Gutierrez-Villamil, D. García-Concha, S. Arevalo-Leal
La infección de injertos vasculares es una complicación poco frecuente en este tipo de procedimientos. Sin embargo, cuando se presentan suelen tener una alta morbilidad e incluso una alta mortalidad. Su adecuada identificación y localización es crucial para el pertinente y temprano manejo, ya sea médico o quirúrgico, por lo que el conocimiento de las herramientas adecuadas es primordial. Los estudios de medicina nuclear tienen un importante papel en este sentido, ya sea mediante gammagrafía con leucocitos marcados o con ¹⁸F-FDG. La elección dependerá de la experiencia con ambas técnicas de los diferentes grupos, del conocimiento de las mismas y de su disponibilidad, entre otros factores.Presentamos 2 casos en los que la gammagrafía con ^99mTc-HMPAO-leucocitos autógenos marcados-SPECT/TC fue de gran utilidad en el diagnóstico y localización del compromiso infeccioso sospechado y, por lo tanto, en el adecuado y guiado manejo posterior. Ambos casos tuvieron confirmación clínica y microbiológica.Vascular graft infections are a rare complication in this type of procedure. However, when they do occur, they usually have high morbidity, and even a high mortality. Proper identification and location is crucial for the appropriate and early management, whether medical or surgical, thus knowledge of the right tools is paramount. Nuclear medicine studies play an important role in this regard, either by using labelled white blood cells scintigraphy or ¹⁸F-FDG. The choice, among other factors, will depend on the experience with both techniques by the different groups, their knowledge of them, as well as their availability.Two cases are presented in which ^99mTc-HMPAO-white blood cells SPECT/CT scintigraphy was very useful in the diagnosis and location of the suspected infectious compromise, which led to the subsequent appropriate and guided management. Both cases were confirmed clinically and microbiologically.



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Estudio de los factores que influyen en el resultado del tratamiento con 131I en el hipertiroidismo por bocio nodular

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2017
Source:Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular
Author(s): O. Tabuenca-Dopico, R. Boente-Varela, J.L. Lamas-Ferreiro
ObjetivoDeterminar el resultado obtenido tras tratamiento con ¹³¹I en pacientes con bocio multinodular (BMN) y nódulo autónomo tóxico (NAT) en función de la dosis administrada (555 o 740MBq) y de otros factores relacionados con el paciente, la enfermedad o tratamientos previos.Material y métodosEs un estudio retrospectivo sobre 108 pacientes (67 BMN y 41 NAT) tratados un nuestra unidad y con un seguimiento mínimo de 2 años. Se valoró el desarrollo de hipotiroidismo y el fracaso del tratamiento así como su relación con la dosis administrada u otros factores dependientes del paciente (edad o sexo), de la enfermedad (autoinmunidad, grado de hipertiroidismo o tipo de bocio) o la toma previa de antitiroideos.ResultadosEl 36,9% de los pacientes con BMN desarrollaron hipotiroidismo no transitorio llegando al 51,2% en el caso de los NAT y sobre todo en aquellos que recibieron 740MBq (66,7%) sin encontrarse relación con ninguna otra variable así como tampoco en el desarrollo precoz del hipotiroidismo antes de un año. El fracaso del tratamiento no tuvo relación significativa con la dosis administrada pero sí con el sexo varón, la presencia de autoinmunidad o la toma previa de antitiroideos en el caso de los BMN.ConclusionesLa elevada tasa de hipotiroidismo obtenida con dosis altas en el tratamiento de hipertiroidismo en el bocio nodular indica que dosis más bajas podrían ser suficientes para controlar la enfermedad sin producir un aumento de fracasos del tratamiento. Únicamente en los pacientes con BMN de sexo masculino, con autoinmunidad positiva o toma previa de antitiroideos se podría estudiar la posibilidad de administrar una dosis mayor pues tienen una tasa de fracasos más elevada.ObjectiveTo assess the outcome after ¹³¹I treatment in patients with multinodular (MNG) and nodular toxic goitre (NTG) according to the administered dose and other factors related to the patient, pathology, or previous treatments.Material and methodsA retrospective study was conducted on 108 patients (67 MNG and 41 NTG) treated in our department, with a follow-up period of at least 2 years. Development of hypothyroidism and treatment failure were evaluated along with their relationship with the administered dose and other factors such as age, sex, grade of hyperthyroidism, type of goitre, presence of autoimmunity, or previous antithyroid medication.ResultsMore than one-third (36.9%) of MNG patients, and even higher proportion of NTG patients (51.2%) developed non-transient hypothyroidism, particularly in those receiving 740MBq (66.7%). No relationship was found with any other variable. The development of early hypothyroidism (before one year) was also not related to any variable. Treatment failure was not related to the dose, but in MNG there was a relationship with male gender, presence of autoimmunity, or previous antithyroid drugs use.ConclusionsThe high rate of hypothyroidism obtained with high doses of ¹³¹I in hyperthyroidism secondary to nodular goitre treatment suggests that lower doses might be sufficient to control the disease without an increase in treatment failures. Only patients with positive autoimmunity, in previous anti-thyroid medication, and perhaps male gender in MNG might be given higher doses, as the failure rate increases, but further studies are required.



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Osteosarcoma of the lower limb metastasized to the septum and right side of the heart: a case report

Metastatic cardiac tumors are far more common than primary tumors. Although the hematogenous spread of osteosarcoma is well known, the imaging findings of cardiovascular involvement by osteosarcoma are seldom ...

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IFC(EDITORIAL BOARD)

Publication date: July 2017
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 55





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In memory of John Bruce Hays (1937–2014)

Publication date: July 2017
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 55
Author(s): Niels de Wind, Andrew B. Buermeyer, Philip C. Hanawalt




http://ift.tt/2rXQvGY

Natural history of skin prick test reactivity

Allergic reactions to airborne allergens may have important consequences for affected individuals and are believed to be unstable through life, although evidence from longitudinal studies is limited.

http://ift.tt/2tiYRGQ

Natural history of skin prick test reactivity

Allergic reactions to airborne allergens may have important consequences for affected individuals and are believed to be unstable through life, although evidence from longitudinal studies is limited.

http://ift.tt/2tiYRGQ

Validation of International consensus equation for acute serum total tryptase in mast cell activation: A perioperative perspective

Abstract

Introduction

There is no standardised method for assessing serum total mast cell tryptase (MCT) in anaphylaxis. The consensus equation (peak MCT should be>1.2x baseline tryptase+2mg/L) has been proposed to interpret acute MCT in mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS).

Aim

To validate consensus equation in a setting of perioperative anaphylaxis.

Methods

Analyses of suspected perioperative anaphylaxis during general anaesthesia (GA). Anaphylaxis was defined as per World Allergy Organisation (WAO) criteria. Timed serial MCT measurements were mapped against the consensus equation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves produced.

Results

82 patients (60 females, mean age 56.5 years ± SD17.2) underwent investigation. 60 (73%) patients fulfilled WAO criteria for anaphylaxis and 22 patients did not (controls). Aetiology: 59% IgE-mediated anaphylaxis, 2% non-IgE mediated anaphylaxis, 12% anaphylaxis of unknown cause, and 27% deemed non-anaphylaxis. IgE-mediated anaphylaxis included - NMBA (35%), antibiotics (46%), chlorhexidine (8%), patent blue dye (8%) and others (8%). An acute MCT with a comparable baseline was available in 71/82 (87%) patients (60-anaphylaxis and 11-controls).The median (IQR) time from reaction to peak MCT was 1.34 (0.82-2.51) hours. Analyses confirmed that a rise in acute MCT greater than that defined by the equation had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative (N) PV of 78%, 91%, 98%, and 44% respectively. The magnitude of increase in acute MCT above the threshold predicted by consensus equation was higher in the anaphylaxis group compared to controls (P=0.0001).

Conclusion

This equation has a high specificity, PPV with a moderate NPV and sensitivity in perioperative anaphylaxis.

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