Moderately Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost in Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Study with Conventionally Fractionated Radiation

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Moderately Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost in Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Study with Conventionally Fractionated Radiation Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Background. To report 5-year clinical outcomes and toxicity in organ-confined prostate cancer (PCa) for low- and intermediate-risk patients treated with a moderately hypofractionated schedule of radiotherapy (RT) delivered with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) compared to a conventionally fractionated RT regimen. Methods. Data of 384 patients with PCa treated between August 2006 and June 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The treatment schedule consisted of hypofractionated RT (HYPO FR) with SIB up to 70 Gy to the prostate gland and 63 Gy to seminal vesicles delivered in 28 fractions or in conventionally fractionated RT (CONV FR) up to a total dose of 80 Gy in 40 fractions. Patient allocation to treatment was based on the time period considered. For intermediate-risk patients, androgen deprivation was given for a median duration of 6 months. The 5-year biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Furthermore, we evaluated gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities. Uni- and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to test the impact of clinical variables on both outcome and toxicity. Results. A total of 198 patients was treated with hypofractionated RT and 186 with the conventional schedule. At a median follow-up of 5 years, no significant differences were observed in terms of GI toxicity and outcome between the two groups. Early GU toxicity was significantly increased in HYPO FR, while late GU toxicity was significantly higher in CONV FR. In HYPO FR, a biochemical relapse occurred in 12 patients (6.1%), and 9 patients (4.5%) reported a clinical relapse (4 local, 2 locoregional, and 3 systemic recurrence). In CONV FR, 15 patients (8.1%) experienced a biochemical relapse and 11 patients (5.9%) showed a clinical relapse (5 local, 4 locoregional, and 3 systemic recurrences). Early grades 1-2 GU and GI toxicities were observed in 60 (30.3%) and 37 (18.7%) pa tients, respectively, in the hypofractionated group and in 33 (17.7%) and 27 (14.5%) patients, respectively, in the conventionally fractionated RT group. Late GU and GI toxicities occurred in 1 (0.51%) and 8 (4.1%) patients, respectively, in HYPO FR. In CONV FR, 5 (2.7%) and 6 (3.2%) patients experienced late GU and GI toxicities, respectively. The 5-year OS, bRFS, and CSS were 98.9%, 94.1%, and 99.5%, respectively, in HYPO FR, and 94.5%, 92.1%, and 99.0%, respectively, in CONV FR. Conclusions. Results obtained in this study showed that moderately hypofractionated RT employing SIB can be an effective approach providing valuable clinical outcomes with an acceptable toxicity profile. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Impact of Commercialized Genomic Tests on Adjuvant Treatment Decisions in Early Stage Breast Cancer Patients

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Impact of Commercialized Genomic Tests on Adjuvant Treatment Decisions in Early Stage Breast Cancer Patients Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Introduction. Advances in genomic techniques have been valuable in guiding decisions regarding the treatment of early breast cancer (EBC) patients. These multigene assays include Oncotype DX, Prosigna, and Endopredict. There has generally been a tendency to overtreat or undertreat patients, and having reliable prognostic factors could significantly improve rates of appropriate treatment administration. In this study, we showcase the impact of genomic tests on adjuvant treatment decisions in EBC patients. Materials and Methods. This is a retrospective study that includes EBC patients treated between December 2016 and February 2018. The physician's choice of treatment was recorded before and after obtaining the results of the genomics tests. Baseline demographics and pathological data were collected from medical records. Results. A total of 75 patients were included. Fifty patients underwent Oncotype DX genomic analysis, 11 patients underwent Prosigna analysis, and 14 patients underwent Endopredict analysis. A total of 21 physicians' plans (28%) were initially undecided and then carried out after obtaining genomic test results. 13 patients were planned to undergo endocrine therapy alone, while 8 were planned to undergo both endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. Treatment was changed in 26 patients (34.67%). The decision to deescalate therapy was taken in 19 patients (25.33%). The decision to escalate treatment was made in 7 patients (9.33%). Conclusion. Our study demonstrates the importance of genomics testing, as it assisted physicians in avoiding unnecessary adjuvant chemotherapy in 25.33% of patients, thus reducing side effects of chemotherapy and the financial burden on patients. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Chemotherapy Options beyond the First Line in HER-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Chemotherapy Options beyond the First Line in HER-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Despite the recent advances in the biological understanding of breast cancer (BC), chemotherapy still represents a key component in the armamentarium for this disease. Different agents are available as mono-chemotherapy options in patients with locally advanced or metastatic BC (MBC) who progress after a first- and second-line treatment with anthracyclines and taxanes. However, no clear indication exists on what the best option is in some populations, such as heavily pretreated, elderly patients, triple-negative BC (TNBC), and those who do not respond to the first-line therapy. In this article, we summarize available literature evidence on different chemotherapy agents used beyond the first-line, in locally advanced or MBC patients, including rechallenge with anthracyclines and taxanes, antimetabolite and antimicrotubule agents, such as vinorelbine, capecitabine, eribulin, ixabepilone, and the newest developed agents, such as vinflunine, irinotecan, and etirinotecan. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Tetrandrine Inhibits Titanium Particle-Induced Inflammatory Osteolysis through the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Tetrandrine Inhibits Titanium Particle-Induced Inflammatory Osteolysis through the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Peri-implant osteolysis (PIO) and the subsequent aseptic loosening are the main reasons for artificial joint implant failure. Existing methods for treating aseptic loosening are far from satisfactory, necessitating advanced drug exploration. This study is aimed at investigating the effect and underlying mechanism of tetrandrine (Tet) on inflammatory osteolysis. We established a Ti particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis mouse model and administered Tet or an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Two weeks later, specimens were collected. Histological staining showed that Tet administration inhibited Ti-stimulated osteolysis. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that osteoclast formation was remarkably inhibited in the groups treated with Tet in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, relevant inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6) were also significant ly reduced in the calvaria of the Tet-treated groups. Exposure of receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand- (RANKL-) induced bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and RAW264.7 cells to Tet significantly reduced osteoclast formation, F-actin ring formation, bone resorption, and the expression of relevant genes (matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), TRAP, and nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1)) during osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Mechanistic studies using Western blotting demonstrated that Tet inhibited the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation of inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα) and p65, which play important roles in osteoclast formation. Collectively, our data indicate that Tet suppressed Ti-induced inflammatory osteolysis and osteoclast formation in mice, suggesting that Tet has the potential to be developed to treat and prevent wear particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Driver Distraction Detection Method Based on Continuous Head Pose Estimation

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Driver Distraction Detection Method Based on Continuous Head Pose Estimation Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation In view of the fact that the detection of driver's distraction is a burning issue, this study chooses the driver's head pose as the evaluation parameter for driving distraction and proposes a driver distraction method based on the head pose. The effects of single regression and classification combined with regression are compared in terms of accuracy, and four kinds of classical networks are improved and trained using 300W-LP and AFLW datasets. The HPE_Resnet50 with the best accuracy is selected as the head pose estimator and applied to the ten-category distracted driving dataset SF3D to obtain 20,000 sets of head pose data. The differences between classes are discussed qualitatively and quantitatively. The analysis of variance shows that there is a statistically significant difference in head posture between safe driving and all kinds of distracted driving at 95% and 90% confidence levels, and the postures of all kinds of driving movements are distributed in a specific Eul er angle range, which provides a characteristic basis for the design of subsequent recognition methods. In addition, according to the continuity of human movement, this paper also selects 90 drivers' videos to analyze the difference in head pose between safe driving and distracted driving frame by frame. By calculating the spatial distance and sample statistics, the results provide the reference point, spatial range, and threshold of safe driving under this driving condition. Experimental results show that the average error of HPE_Resnet50 in AFLW2000 is 6.17° and that there is an average difference of 12.4° to 54.9° in the Euler angle between safe driving and nine kinds of distracted driving on SF3D. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Chronic Urticaria and Its Impact on the Quality of Life

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Chronic Urticaria and Its Impact on the Quality of Life of Nepalese Patients Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Chronic urticaria (CU) is a skin condition characterized by sudden and recurrent episodes of wheals, angioedema, or both and commonly associated with itching for a duration of more than six weeks. The available data indicate that urticaria markedly affects both objective functioning and subjective well-being of patients. A review of patients' records with chronic urticaria attending Civil Service Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 was done. A detailed demographic data of all patients with chronic urticaria was also retrieved. Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire (DLQI) Nepalese version was used for the assessment of the impact of disease on life quality. Mann–Whitney U-test was applied to compare means, and principle component analysis for factor analysis was used. A total of 149 patients were included, with a male-to-female ratio of 1 : 1.9. The mean age of the study population was 32.86  12.837 years. The mean DLQI score was 8.30  6.73 with men having a significantly greater score than women (). DLQI scores negatively correlated with age (). There was a high internal consistency among items (Cronbach's alpha 0.89), and all items had satisfactory correlation with each other as well. Principle component extraction revealed that there were two underlying factors in the DLQI questionnaire on measuring quality of life in chronic urticaria. Males had a greater impairment in quality of life than females due to chronic urticaria. Most severe impairment was seen in symptoms/feelings subdomain. It also revealed that there were two different underlying factors in DLQI questionnaire. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Vaccines, Vol. 8, Pages 709: Bacterial Immunogenicity Prediction by Machine Learning Methods

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Vaccines, Vol. 8, Pages 709: Bacterial Immunogenicity Prediction by Machine Learning Methods Via Vaccines Vaccines, Vol. 8, Pages 709: Bacterial Immunogenicity Prediction by Machine Learning Methods Vaccines doi: 10.3390/vaccines8040709 Authors: Ivan Dimitrov Nevena Zaharieva Irini Doytchinova The identification of protective immunogens is the most important and vigorous initial step in the long-lasting and expensive process of vaccine design and development. Machine learning (ML) methods are very effective in data mining and in the analysis of big data such as microbial proteomes. They are able to significantly reduce the experimental work for discovering novel vaccine candidates. Here, we applied six supervised ML methods (partial least squares-based discriminant analysis, k nearest neighbor (kNN), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), random subspace method (RSM), and extreme gradient boosting) on a set of 317 known bacterial immunogens and 317 bacterial non-immunogens and derived models for immunogenicity prediction. The models were validated by internal cross-validation in 10 groups from the training set and by the external test set. All of them showed good predictive ability, but the xgboost model displays the most prominent ability to identify immuno gens by recognizing 84% of the known immunogens in the test set. The combined RSM-kNN model was the best in the recognition of non-immunogens, identifying 92% of them in the test set. The three best performing ML models (xgboost, RSM-kNN, and RF) were implemented in the new version of the server VaxiJen, and the prediction of bacterial immunogens is now based on majority voting. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bioinspired Synthesis of Acacia senegal Leaf Extract Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles and Its Antimicrobial Evaluation

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bioinspired Synthesis of Acacia senegal Leaf Extract Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles and Its Antimicrobial Evaluation Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Synthesizing nanoparticles with the less environmentally malignant approach using plant extract is of great interest; this is because most of the chemical approaches can be very costly, toxic, and time-consuming. Herein, we report the use of Acacia senegal leaf extracts to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an environmentally greener approach. Silver ions were reduced using the bioactive components of the plant extracts with observable colour change from faint colourless to a brownish solution as indication of AgNP formation. The structural properties of the as-synthesized AgNPs were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis absorption spectrum. Antimicrobial assessment of the as-synthesized AgNPs was explored on some strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The obtained results indicate that the as-synthesized AgNPs are pure crystallite of cubic p hase of AgNPs, fairly dispersed with a size range of 10–19 nm. The AgNPs were found to be small in size and exhibit significant antibacterial activities, suggesting that the as-synthesized AgNPs could be used in the pharmaceutical and food industries as bactericidal agents. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A three-dimensional mechano-electrochemical material model of mechanosensing hydrogels

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader A three-dimensional mechano-electrochemical material model of mechanosensing hydrogels Via ScienceDirect Publication: Materials & Design Publication date: 15 January 2021 Source: Materials & Design, Volume 198 Author(s): Eanna Fennell, Jacques M. Huyghe View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Prevalence and Causes of Visual Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus i

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Prevalence and Causes of Visual Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Northeast China Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Purpose. To evaluate the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in a group of community people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Northeast China. Methods. Population-based cross-sectional survey. Patients diagnosed with T2DM residing in 15 communities in Fushun, Northeast China, were enrolled between July 2012 and May 2013. All participants underwent an extensive and standardized eye examination (visual acuity testing, slit-lamp, and fundus examination). Low vision was defined as presenting VA of better-seeing eye View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effect of Pomegranate Juice on the Manufacturing Process and Characterization of Feta-Type Cheese during Storage

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of Pomegranate Juice on the Manufacturing Process and Characterization of Feta-Type Cheese during Storage Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation The present research aimed to produce Fruit Feta-type cheese and investigate the effects of pomegranate juice on the manufacturing process and characterization of Feta-type cheese during storage. In order to produce Feta-type cheese with pomegranate juice, part of the milk was replaced with pomegranate juice. Therefore, it was necessary to produce Feta-type cheese with whey-less method, which is a good substitute for ultrafiltrated cheese. Initially, whey-less Feta-type cheese was produced. The formula was optimized based on the physicochemical characteristics of the marketed ultrafiltrated Feta cheeses. At the optimal point, the amount of cream, MPC, WPC, and fresh milk were 45.6, 11.7, 2.7, and 40%, respectively. Whey-less Feta-type cheese with these ratios was produced and the effects of different levels o f pomegranate juice (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) on its physicochemical, textural, microbial, and sensorial properties during 60 days of storage were studied. The results showed that pomegranate juice increased acidity, total phenol, anthocyanin, DPPH inhibition, and avalue, and reduced the pH, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), proteolysis, lipolysis, and L and b values. Adding pomegranate juice to cheese reduced all of the textural indices except the adhesiveness. Sensory evaluation of the samples showed that the sample containing 20% of pomegranate juice had a higher score and was selected as the best sample. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Genetic Testing Distinguishes Multiple Chondroid Chordomas with Neuraxial Bone Metastases from Multicentric Tumors

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Genetic Testing Distinguishes Multiple Chondroid Chordomas with Neuraxial Bone Metastases from Multicentric Tumors Via Hindawi Publishing Corporation Background. Chordomas are rare malignant bone tumors preferentially forming in neuraxial bones. Chondroid chordoma is a subtype of chordoma. Chordomas reportedly present as synchronous multiple lesions upon initial diagnosis. However, it remains unknown whether these lesions are multicentric or metastatic multiple chordoma tumors. Case Presentation. Here, we present the case of a 57-year-old woman with multiple chordomas at the clivus, C6, and T12 upon initial presentation. Sequential surgeries and radiotherapy were performed for these lesions, and postoperative histological diagnosis revealed that all lesions were chondroid chordomas. Next-generation sequencing revealed that these lesions harbored a common somatic mutation in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c.3617A>C, which is not considered a pathogenic chordoma mutation, thus indicating that these lesions were not multicentric but rather multiple metastatic tumors. Subsequent multiple metastases to the lung and appendicular and axial bones were detected 15 months after the initial surgery. Recurrent lesions at the clivus progressed despite EGFR-targeted therapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. Conclusion. The present evidence indicates that multiple chordomas in this case were caused by multiple metastases rather than multicentric lesions. Multiple presentations of chordoma imply systemic dissemination of tumor cells, and novel efficient systemic therapy is required to treat this disease. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.