Head and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis

Κυριακή 21 Ιανουαρίου 2018

Simple laryngeal suspension procedure by suturing the digastric muscle to the periosteum of the mandible in neck dissection for tongue cancer

In this article, a simple, new laryngeal suspension procedure is described. The effect of hyoid bone suspension by suturing the digastric muscle to the periosteum of the mandible is analyzed.

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The effect of ambient lighting on Laser Doppler Imaging of a standardized cutaneous injury model.

The effect of ambient lighting on Laser Doppler Imaging of a standardized cutaneous injury model.

Int J Burns Trauma. 2017;7(7):147-152

Authors: Pham ACQ, Hei E, Harvey JG, Holland AJ

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential confounding effects of four different types of ambient lighting on the results of Laser Doppler Imaging (LDI) of a standardized cutaneous injury model.
METHODS: After applying a mechanical stimulus to the anterior forearm of a healthy volunteer and inducing a wheal and arteriolar flare (the Triple response), we used a Laser Doppler Line Scanner (LDLS) to image the forearm under four different types of ambient lighting: light-emitting-diode (LED), compact fluorescent lighting (CFL), halogen, daylight, and darkness as a control. A spectrometer was used to measure the intensity of light energy at 785 nm, the wavelength used by the scanner for measurement under each type of ambient lighting.
RESULTS: Neither the LED nor CFL bulbs emitted detectable light energy at a wavelength of 785 nm. The color-based representation of arbitrary perfusion unit (APU) values of the Triple response measured by the scanner was similar between darkness, LED, and CFL light. Daylight emitted 2 mW at 785 nm, with a slight variation tending more towards lower APU values compared to darkness. Halogen lighting emitted 6 mW of light energy at 785 nm rendering the color-based representation impossible to interpret.
CONCLUSIONS: Halogen lighting and daylight have the potential to confound results of LDI of cutaneous injuries whereas LED and CFL lighting did not. Any potential sources of daylight should be reduced and halogen lighting completely covered or turned off prior to wound imaging.

PMID: 29348978 [PubMed]

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Treatment in the healing of burns with a cold plasma source.

Treatment in the healing of burns with a cold plasma source.

Int J Burns Trauma. 2017;7(7):142-146

Authors: Betancourt-Ángeles M, Peña-Eguiluz R, López-Callejas R, Domínguez-Cadena NA, Mercado-Cabrera A, Muñoz-Infante J, Rodríguez-Méndez BG, Valencia-Alvarado R, Moreno-Tapia JA

Abstract
A cold plasma produced with helium gas was applied to two second-degree burns produced with boiling oil. These burns were located on a thigh and a shin of a 59-years-old male person. After the first treatment as benefit the patient neither presented itching nor pain and, after the second treatment, the patient presented new tissue. This result opens the possibilities of the application of a cold plasma source to health burns.

PMID: 29348977 [PubMed]

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The validity and reliability of using ultrasound elastography to measure cutaneous stiffness, a systematic review.

The validity and reliability of using ultrasound elastography to measure cutaneous stiffness, a systematic review.

Int J Burns Trauma. 2017;7(7):124-141

Authors: DeJong HM, Abbott S, Zelesco M, Kennedy BF, Ziman MR, Wood FM

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ultrasound elastography is an imaging technology which can objectively and non-invasively assess tissue stiffness. It is emerging as a useful marker for disease diagnosis, progression and treatment efficacy.
OBJECTIVE: To examine current, published research evaluating the use of ultrasound elastography for the measurement of cutaneous or subcutaneous stiffness and to determine the level of validity and reliability, recommended methodologies and limitations.
METHODS: MEDLINE, Web of science and Scopus were systematically searched in August 2016 to identify original articles evaluating the use of ultrasound elastography to assess cutaneous stiffness. Relevant studies were then quality evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies v 2 (QUADAS-2) tool and the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies (QAREL).
RESULTS: From a total of 688 articles, 14 met the inclusion criteria for full review. Within the 14 studies, elastography was used to evaluate tumors, systemic sclerosis, lymphedema, abscess, and post-radiation neck fibrosis. Only three robust studies demonstrated good interrater reliability, whereas all validity studies had low sample sizes and demonstrated risks of bias.
CONCLUSION: Robust evidence supporting the use of ultrasound elastography as a diagnostic tool in cutaneous conditions is low, however, initial indicators support further research to establish the utility of ultrasound elastography in dermatology.

PMID: 29348976 [PubMed]

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Some different treatment of sandal burns of the hand in children.

Some different treatment of sandal burns of the hand in children.

Int J Burns Trauma. 2017;7(7):120-123

Authors: Shakirov BM

Abstract
The hands account for less than 5% of total body surface area, but loss of the hand constitutes a 57% loss of function for the whole person. In Central Asia, and particularly in Uzbekistan, many episodes of burns take place at homes because of using sandal heaters. During a 16-year period (1992-2007), 61 patients with severe sandal burns of the hand were treated at the Burn department of RSCUMA and Samarkand Inter-Regional Burn Center, Uzbekistan. The main goal of this work was to present the most complete information about sandal burns of the hand and discuss the most effective methods of treatment for sandal burns. As a result of using this method of treatment for burned children in our practice, the percentage of post burn consequences, such as the impact on mobility and growth of the extremities, was greatly reduced.

PMID: 29348975 [PubMed]

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Quantitative evaluation of dental anxiety indicators in the serum and saliva samples of children treated under general anesthesia

Abstract

Objectives

Dental anxiety level has been previously associated with oral health status. Since general anesthesia (GA) allows dental treatments to be performed in anxious children with a high number of caries, we aimed to evaluate the dental anxiety levels of these children before and after dental treatments performed under GA.

Materials and methods

Thirty-eight children with high anxiety aged between 35 and 72 months who required multiple dental treatments to be performed under GA were included in the study. Frankl's Behavior Rating Scale, sitting patterns, Facial Image Scale, and Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (completed by the children's parents) were recorded before and after the dental treatments performed under GA. Pre-treatment and post-treatment biochemical parameters, including cortisol, alpha-amylase, and chromogranin A levels, in saliva and serum samples were also evaluated.

Results

The psychometric scales showed a statistically significant reduction in the post-treatment dental anxiety levels of the children compared with the pre-treatment anxiety levels. Additionally, the biochemical parameters measured in the serum and whole saliva samples showed a decrease after treatments performed under GA.

Conclusions

Our study results suggest that performing dental treatments under GA can reduce the dental anxiety levels of children with a high number of caries.

http://ift.tt/2Bh0loJ

Σάββατο 20 Ιανουαρίου 2018

High-performance electrochemical sensing of circulating tumor DNA in peripheral blood based on poly-xanthurenic acid functionalized MoS2 nanosheets

Publication date: 15 May 2018
Source:Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Volume 105
Author(s): Wei Zhang, Zhichao Dai, Xue Liu, Jimin Yang
A high-performance sensing platform based on poly-xanthurenic acid (PXA) film functionalized MoS2 nanosheets was developed for electrochemical detection of circulating tumor DNA in peripheral blood. The MoS2 nanosheets were obtained using a simple ultrasonic method from bulk MoS2. The physical adsorption between MoS2 and aromatic XA monomers effectively improved the electropolymerization efficiency, accompanied with an increased electrochemical response of PXA. The obtained PXA/MoS2 nanocomposite not only served as a substrate for DNA immobilization but also reflected the electrochemical transduction originating from DNA immobilization and hybridization without any complex labelling processes or outer indicators. The immobilization of the probe ssDNA was achieved via noncovalent assembly due to the π–π interaction between PXA and DNA bases. After the hybridization of the probe ssDNA with the target DNA, the formation of helix structure induced the resulted dsDNA to be released from the surface of the PXA/MoS2 nanocomposite. The detection limit of this constructed DNA biosensor was calculated in the linear target DNA concentrations range from 1.0 × 10^–16 mol/L to 1.0 × 10^-10 mol/L and it was found to be 1.8 × 10^–17 mol/L.

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