Trial registration and public accessibility of appended or published protocols of phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) allow comparison of reported research with essential aspects of trial design. We determined how eligibility criteria of participants specified in protocols were described in trial...
Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors are established agents in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, only a subset of patients derives clinical benefit. To determine the activity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors within clinically-relevant molecular subgroups, we retrospectively evaluated response...
Purpose: Mutations in the PI3-kinase (PI3K) pathway occur in 16% of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs), which suggests that these tumors are an exciting setting for PI3K/AKT/mTOR pharmacological intervention. Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, is being used to treat patients with advanced...
PURPOSE: To perform a two-cohort, phase 1 safety and immunogenicity study of IMA950 in addition to standard chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) and adjuvant temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM). IMA950 is a novel GBM specific therapeutic vaccine containing 11 tumor-associated peptides...
Purpose: While effective targeted therapies exist for estrogen receptor-positive and HER2-positive breast cancer, no such effective therapies exist for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), thus it is clear that additional targets for radiosensitization and treatment are critically needed. Experimental...
Abstract To investigate the apoptotic effects of detergent sclerosants sodium tetradecylsulphate (STS) and polidocanol (POL) on endothelial cells at sub-lytic concentrations. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and labelled with antibodies to assess for apoptosis...
Abstract K-Ras gene mutations have been found in most pancreatic cancers; however, conflicting data on the prognostic value of K-Ras mutations in pancreatic cancer have been published. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess its prognostic significance. Literature searches of PubMed,...
Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system. MS is causing progressive and relapsing neurological disability, due to demyelination and axonal damage. The etiopathogenesis of MS is poorly understood. A number of environmental...
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Abstract Serum magnesium is an essential intracellular cation involved in processes that regulate cardiovascular function and has been linked to the risk of several cardiovascular disease outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association of serum magnesium concentrations with risk...
Abstract Background Recruitment of cofactors in the interaction of the androgen receptor (AR) and AR ligands plays a critical role in determining androgenic/antiandrogenic effects of the AR ligand on signaling, but the functions of...
African Americans who are diagnosed with colorectal cancer at a young age have significantly worse survival rates than young white patients, according to a new study.The disparity was found even among those who were diagnosed with early-stage disease, Elena Stoffel, M.D., of the University of Michigan...
Abstract Background The anti-tumour activity of cisplatin is thought to be a result of its capacity to form DNA adducts which prevent cellular processes such as DNA replication and transcription. These DNA adducts can effectively...
Abstract Purpose Xenograft studies are commonly used to assess the efficacy of new compounds and characterise their dose–response relationship. Analysis often involves comparing the final tumour sizes across dose groups. This can cause...
Abstract Pelvic infection is a significant clinical problem after pelvic exenteration. The clinical benefit of an omental flap in reducing the incidence of such infections is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an omental flap after pelvic exenteration reduces the...
Abstract Although the incidence of port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer has markedly decreased since laparoscopic colectomy was first reported in 1991, it still has not reached zero. In colorectal cancer, the safety of laparoscopic surgery, including...
Abstract Several authors have reported the relationship between gastric cancer risk and vitamins. However, there are few reports on fat-soluble vitamins after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Fat malabsorption and suppression of food intake after gastrectomy for gastric cancer have...
Abstract Background The effects of spinal implants on dose distribution have been studied for conformal treatment plans. However, the dosimetric impact of spinal implants in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) treatments has not...
Abstract The role of systemic treatment was assessed after local therapy for breast cancer patients who developed central nervous system (CNS) metastases as a first and isolated recurrence. Subjects were 128 breast cancer patients with brain metastases as the first and isolated site...
Abstract The transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tissues compared to normal tissues and has regulatory roles in cell proliferation, cell viability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis and drug/immune resistance. YY1 shares many...
Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) Author(s): C. Van Berckelaer, A.J. Brouwers, D.J.E. Peeters, W. Tjalma, X.B. Trinh, P.A. van DamCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are viable tumor cells that are released into the circulatory...
Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) Author(s): Eun-Shin Lee, Wonshik Han, Hee-Chul Shin, Masahiro Takada, Han Suk Ryu, Nariya Cho, Min Kyoon Kim, Jongjin Kim, Tae-kyung Yoo, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Masakazu Toi, Woo Kyung...
Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) Author(s): Y. Alamri, P. Buchwald, L. Dixon, B. Dobbs, T. Eglinton, J. McCormick, C. Wakeman, F.A. FrizelleIntroductionAnal squamous cell cancers are uncommon, and primary treatment is...
Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) Author(s): Heng Zhao, Haitang Yang, Feng Yao, Yifeng Sun, Jianlin Xu, Haiyong Gu, Zhenya ShenBackgroundPrimary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the lung is rare and its biological behavior...
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2016Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) Author(s): N.C. Verheuvel, A.C. Voogd, V.C.G. Tjan-Heijnen, R.M.H. RoumenBackgroundThe ACOSOG Z0011 trial, a randomized controlled trial among patients with sentinel node positive breast cancer...
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2016Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) Author(s): Francesco Fanfani, Enrico Vizza, Fabio Landoni, Pierandrea De Iaco, Gabriella Ferrandina, Giacomo Corrado, Valerio Gallotta, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta, Anna Fagotti, Giorgia...
Abstract Purpose We aimed to explore the effect of county-level general surgeon (GS) and colorectal surgeon (CS) density on colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality and to identify additional county characteristics associated with outcomes. ...
Abstract Chronic inflammation, typical of various diseases including cancer, is a "silent bomb within the body," leading to complications that are only evident in most cases upon their appearance, when disease is already deteriorated. Chronic inflammation is associated with...
Abstract The advent of next-generation sequencing methods is fuelling the discovery of multiple non-coding RNA transcripts with direct implication in cell biology and homeostasis. This new layer of biological regulation seems to be of particular importance in human pathogenesis, including...
Abstract Background Quality of life (QoL) is one of the most significant issues in prostate cancer treatment decisions. This study aimed to investigate the toxicity of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) and QoL after treatment...
Abstract Purpose Hippocampal-sparing whole brain radiotherapy (HS-WBRT) aims to preserve neurocognitive functions in patients undergoing brain radiotherapy (RT). Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) involves intensity-modulated RT using...
Single fraction treatments of 15Gy or 19Gy are common in HDR prostate brachytherapy. In vivo dosimetry (IVD) is therefore important to ensure patient safety. This study assesses clinical IVD and investigates error detection thresholds for real-time treatment monitoring. from Cancer via xlomafota13 on...
Abstract The advent of next-generation sequencing methods is fuelling the discovery of multiple non-coding RNA transcripts with direct implication in cell biology and homeostasis. This new layer of biological regulation seems to be of particular importance in human pathogenesis, including...
The updated NCCN Guidelines for Multiple Myeloma feature several changes in the diagnosis and management of this disease. Criteria for treatment initiation have been broadened, new staging has been recommended, and new classes of agents and combinations are included as recommended treatment. Monoclonal...
NCCN has developed a series of Evidence Blocks: graphics that provide ratings for each recommended treatment regimen in terms of efficacy, toxicity, quality and consistency of the supporting data, and affordability. The NCCN Evidence Blocks are currently available in 10 tumor types within the NCCN Clinical...
Shared decision-making is a complex endeavor that should take into account the patient's personal preferences regarding treatment options. To truly empower patients to be partners in decision-making, especially in situations in which their preferences are important, physicians must learn to communicate...
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Since its introduction more than 70 years ago, the use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer has evolved to become part of a multimodal management approach. In this presentation from the NCCN 21st Annual Conference, James L. Mohler, MD, reviewed data that inform these strategies and...
The words "palliative care" can be threatening for many patients, particularly for those who do not understand what they mean. In fact, according to a survey by the American Cancer Society, about 70% of adults in the United States are not at all knowledgeable about palliative care and how to get it....
As biologics go off-patent, the field of oncology is grappling with incorporating biosimilars. These are highly similar (but not generic versions of) biologic agents, and they are approved based on showing "near fingerprint identity" in structure and potency. Their introduction is expected to increase...
Chronic myelogenous leukemia represents the poster child of successful precision medicine in cancer, with amazing survival results achieved with targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in many patients with chronic-phase disease. Unfortunately, however, this good news has not extended to patients...
Over the past 5 years, a host of new agents have radically changed the therapeutic landscape in advanced melanoma; gone are the days when the only active agents were interferon and dacarbazine. Nearly 25 years ago, few patients with stage IV melanoma reached 2-year survival; today, these survival curves...
Over the past 30 years, the incidence of primary brain tumors has been increasing. Primary brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of central nervous system cancers with a wide range of outcomes and therapeutic strategies. As a result, prognostic features and molecular markers play a critical role in...
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The updates to management of early invasive breast cancer in 2016 are minor but have important treatment implications for patients. The NCCN Guidelines Panel for Breast Cancer has added endocrine therapy to its recommendations for the neoadjuvant treatment of patients with ER-rich tumors. For women who...
Survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has dramatically improved over the past 20 years, primarily because physicians have become adept at using the many regimens approved for this patient population. Future advances may come from understanding molecular subtypes, finding and treating...
Older patients with breast cancer (aged ≥65 years) are often undertreated with both locoregional and systemic therapies and have been shown to have higher breast cancer–specific mortality. These patients are also excluded from most clinical trials; therefore, treatment recommendations are extrapolated...
A panel discussion on controversies in breast cancer screening held recently at the NCCN 21st Annual Conference included only a few controversies. Representatives of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, American Cancer Society, and NCCN disagreed primarily on 2 main areas: when to start screening...
For appropriate treatment selection, the updated NCCN Guidelines for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) recommend broad molecular profiling for all patients with nonsquamous disease. Three different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are recommended as first-line treatment of EGFR mutation–positive NSCLC:...
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