Microbiota through toll like receptors (TLR) may regulate gastrointestinal motility by activating neuroendocrine mechanisms. We evaluated the influence of TLR2 and TLR4 in spontaneous contractions and serotonin (5-HT)-induced motor response in mouse colon, and the 5-HT receptors involved. Muscle contractility studies to evaluate the intestinal spontaneous motility and the response to 5-HT were performed in the colon from wild type (WT), TLR2−/−, TLR4−/−, and TLR2/4 double knockout (DKO) mice. 5-HT receptor mRNA expression was determined by real-time PCR. The amplitude and frequency of the spontaneous contractions of the colon were smaller in TLR4−/− and TLR2/4DKO respect to WT mice. In WT, TLR2−/−, and TLR2/4 DKO mice, 5-HT 100 μm evoked a contractile response. The contractile response induced by 5-HT was significantly higher in TLR2−/− respect to WT mice. In TLR4−/− mice, 5-HT did not evoke any contractile response. The mRNA expression of 5-HT2A was increased in TLR2−/− and TLR2/4 DKO. The 5-HT2C and 5-HT4 mRNA expressions were increased in TLR4−/− and TLR2/4 DKO. The 5-HT2C mRNA expression was diminished in TLR2−/- . The 5-HT3 mRNA expression was increased in TLR2−/−, TLR4−/− and TLR2/4 DKO. The 5-HT7 mRNA expression was diminished in TLR2/4 DKO. In WT, TLR2−/− and TLR2/4 DKO, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4, and 5-HT7 receptor antagonists reduced or blocked the contractile response evoked by 5-HT. We postulate that TLR2 and TLR4 modulate the serotonin contractile motor response in mouse colon in an opposite way by modifying the expression of several serotonin receptors.
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