Gut Microbiome-Based Metagenomic Signature for Non-invasive Detection of Advanced Fibrosis in Human Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Publication date: 2 May 2017
Source:Cell Metabolism, Volume 25, Issue 5
Author(s): Rohit Loomba, Victor Seguritan, Weizhong Li, Tao Long, Niels Klitgord, Archana Bhatt, Parambir Singh Dulai, Cyrielle Caussy, Richele Bettencourt, Sarah K. Highlander, Marcus B. Jones, Claude B. Sirlin, Bernd Schnabl, Lauren Brinkac, Nicholas Schork, Chi-Hua Chen, David A. Brenner, William Biggs, Shibu Yooseph, J. Craig Venter, Karen E. Nelson
The presence of advanced fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most important predictor of liver mortality. There are limited data on the diagnostic accuracy of gut microbiota-derived signature for predicting the presence of advanced fibrosis. In this prospective study, we characterized the gut microbiome compositions using whole-genome shotgun sequencing of DNA extracted from stool samples. This study included 86 uniquely well-characterized patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD, of which 72 had mild/moderate (stage 0–2 fibrosis) NAFLD, and 14 had advanced fibrosis (stage 3 or 4 fibrosis). We identified a set of 40 features (p < 0.006), which included 37 bacterial species that were used to construct a Random Forest classifier model to distinguish mild/moderate NAFLD from advanced fibrosis. The model had a robust diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.936) for detecting advanced fibrosis. This study provides preliminary evidence for a fecal-microbiome-derived metagenomic signature to detect advanced fibrosis in NAFLD.

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Teaser

Loomba et al. reveal how a panel of gut microbiome biomarkers can be used as a non-invasive test to accurately diagnose advanced fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.


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