Risk factors of Lung Cancer in Non-smoker

Publication date: Available online 27 July 2017
Source:Current Problems in Cancer
Author(s): Nahid Akhtar, Jeena Gupta Bansal
Generally, the cause of lung cancer is attributed to tobacco smoking. But many of the new lung cancer cases have been reported in non-smokers. Apart from smoking; air pollution, environmental exposure, mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms are known to be associated with lung cancer. Improper diet, alcohol consumption, marijuana smoking, estrogen, infections with HPV (human papillomavirus), HIV and Epstein-Barr virus are suggested to be linked with lung cancer but clear evidences to ascertain their relation is not available. This article provides a comprehensive review of various risk factors and the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for increasing the incidence of lung cancer. The pathological, histological and genetic differences exist with lung cancer among smokers and non-smokers. A better understanding of the risk factors, differences in pathology and molecular features of lung cancer in smokers and non-smokers and the mode of action of various carcinogens will facilitate the prevention and management of lung cancer.



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