Publication date: Available online 6 December 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): P. Charlier, F. Bou Abdallah, L. Brun, V. Hoang-Oppermann, S. Deo, Y. Mostefai-Dulac, M.-F. Mamzer, C. Hervé
IntroductionAu sein de la consultation d'anthropologie médicale de l'hôpital de Nanterre (France), destinée aux migrants et aux réfugiés, ont été rapportés trois cas de « purification par les vierges » survenus dans des pays d'Afrique sub-saharienne.ObservationsIl s'agissait d'agressions sexuelles (2 viols et 1 attouchement) de sujets féminins immatures (fillettes) par des sujets porteurs d'infections sexuellement transmissibles (VIH, syphilis) espérant une guérison au décours de leur geste.DiscussionCes pratiques sexuelles hétéro-agressives d'une particulière atrocité, appuyées sur des prétextes magiques, présentent un caractère malheureusement universel et non attaché à une culture spécifique. Sur le plan anthropologique médical, la croyance en une purification par les vierges répond à la croyance que le malade est un sujet sale et impur. De la même façon que des émétiques ou des laxatifs sont prescrits en cas de troubles intestinaux (pour « éliminer » la maladie), certains vont user de diurétiques pour des anomalies urinaires ou, littéralement, de « vagins (ou anus) propres » pour y éliminer leurs propres miasmes. L'actualité croissante des migrations de populations (dont certaines sont porteuses d'infections chroniques), de camps de réfugiés, d'incarcérations prolongées, etc. rend d'autant plus fréquente l'observation de tels phénomènes. La croyance en la purification par les vierges (et ses funestes conséquences) seront difficiles à éradiquer. L'éducation des populations et des professionnels de santé devrait permettre de promouvoir le respect absolu du corps de l'enfant, et de l'autre en général, d'autant plus qu'en cette période d'intensification des flux migratoires, cette problématique risque de prendre une triste ampleur.BackgroundIn the medical anthropology section of the Nanterre Hospital (France) for migrants and refugees, three cases were recorded of "virgin cleansing" in sub-Saharan African countries.Patients and methodsThese consisted of sexual assaults (2 instances of rape and 1 of sexual interference) on sexually immature females (young girls) by patients with sexually transmitted infections (mainly HIV, syphilis) hoping they might thereby be cured.DiscussionThese particularly atrocious hetero-aggressive sexual practices based on magical arguments are unfortunately universal and are not limited to a specific culture. At the medical anthropology level, the belief in cleansing by virgins is based on the notion that the patient is dirty and impure. In the same way that emetics and/or laxatives are prescribed in the case of intestinal disorders (to "eliminate" the disease), some subjects use diuretics for urinary abnormalities or, literally, "clean vaginas (or anuses)" to purge their own miasma. The rising tide of population migrations (some of whom carry chronic infections), refugee camps, prolonged incarcerations, etc., makes observations of such phenomena increasingly frequent. Belief in cleansing by virgins (and the fatal consequences thereof) will be difficult to eradicate. The education of populations and health professionals should promote absolute respect for the body of children, and, more generally, of others, particularly since at this time of increasingly marked migratory flows, this problem sadly risks becoming widespread.
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