Increased Chromogranin A-positive Hormone Negative Cells in Chronic Pancreatitis.

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Increased Chromogranin A-positive Hormone Negative Cells in Chronic Pancreatitis.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Apr 05;:

Authors: Moin ASM, Cory M, Choi J, Ong A, Dhawan S, Dry SM, Butler P, Rizza R, Butler A

Abstract
Context: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by inflammation, fibrosis and a loss of pancreatic acinar cells which can result in exocrine and eventually endocrine deficiency. Pancreatitis has been reported to induce formation of new endocrine cells (neogenesis) in mice. Our recent data has implicated Chromogranin A-positive hormone negative (CPHN) cells as potential evidence of neogenesis in humans.
Objective: We sought to establish if CPHN cells were more abundant in chronic pancreatitis in humans.
Design, Setting and participants: We investigated the frequency and distribution of CPHN cells and the expression of the chemokine CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 in pancreas of ND subjects with CP.
Results: CPHN cell frequency in islets was 7-fold increased in chronic pancreatitis (2.1 ± 0.67 vs 0.35 ± 0.09 % CPHN cells in islets, CP vs NP, p < 0.01), as were the CPHN cells found as scattered cells in the exocrine areas (17.4 ± 2.9 vs 4.2 ± 0.6, CP vs NP, p<0.001). Polyhormonal endocrine cells were also increased in CP (2.7 ± 1.2 vs 0.1 ± 0.04, CP vs NP, % of poly-hormonal cells of total endocrine cells, p < 0.01), as was expression of CXCL10 in both alpha and beta cells.
Conclusion: There is increased islet endogenous expression of the inflammation marker CXCL10 in islets in the setting of non-diabetic CP and an increase in polyhormonal (insulin-glucagon expressing) cells. The increase in CPHN cells in CP, often in a lobular distribution, may indicate foci of attempted endocrine cell regeneration.

PMID: 29659906 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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