Pretransplant cancer in kidney recipients in relation to recurrent and de novo cancer incidence posttransplantation and implications for graft and patient survival

Background Whether kidney transplant recipients who were treated for a malignant tumor prior to transplantation are at an increased risk of developing a tumor post transplantation has not been adequately quantified and characterized. Methods We studied more than 270 000 patients on whom pre and posttransplant malignancy data were reported to the Collaborative Transplant Study. More than 4000 of these patients were treated for pretransplant malignancy. The posttransplant tumor incidence in these patients was compared to that in recipients without a pretransplant tumor. Cox regression considering multiple confounders was applied. Results Significant increases in posttransplant tumor incidence with HR ranging from 2.10 to 5.47 (all P

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