SUMMARY
Objective
Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) is a rare, but aggressive thyroid cancer (TC) and a main cause of death from non‐anaplastic follicular cell‐derived TC. Assessing the risk of PDTC‐related death and the risk of recurrence is important for clinicians. The recent American Thyroid Association (ATA) 2015 guidelines and the updated 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Tumor‐Node‐Metastasis (AJCC/TNM) staging system should support clinicians in the management approach to PDTC patients.
Patients
Forty‐six consecutive PDTC patients treated in a single oncologic center, 2000‐2017.
Measurements
Retrospective analysis of TNM stage, initial risk, response‐to‐therapy categories, follow‐up, and final disease status incorporating the ATA 2015 criteria and the 8th AJCC/TNM staging system. Disease‐specific survival (DSS) using the Kaplan‐Meier method.
Results
Of the 46 PDTC 21 (45.6%) were ATA high risk (HR), 22 (47.8%), 17 (37%) and seven (15.2%) were TNM stage I, II, and III–IV, respectively. During a median follow‐up of 55.5 months, two (4.3%) patients were recurrent, 18 (39.1%) died of PDTC. The 5‐/10‐year DSS were 65/57%, respectively. According to the AJCC/TNM, the 5‐/10‐year DSS of I, II, and III‐IV stage were 83/83%; 77/55%, and 0/0%, respectively. According to the 2015 ATA initial risk, the 5‐/10‐year DSS were 91/72% for ATA intermediate risk, and 38/38% for ATA HR patients.
Conclusions
In PDTC patients, the updated AJCC/TNM staging system accurately predicts a high risk of death in stage III–IV, whereas it seems to be inadequate for predicting a very low or low risk of death expected for differentiated TC in stage I–II. The ATA initial HR may be also used to predict a high risk of PDTC‐related death.
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