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Overweight and obesity impact on periodontitis
Overweight and obesity have been associated with increased periodontitis risk. However, uncertainty persists regarding the causal relationship of such conditions. In this study, participants were followed periodically since their birth. Anthropometric measures and habits were assessed during the life-course.
Development of drugs for local treatment of oral conditions
Several medications commonly prescribed for oral mucosal administration are actually intended for transdermal application. Many conditions affecting the oral mucosa require frequent or long-term treatments and some treatments are systemically applied. Clinical resistance and patient intolerance of such treatments may develop. There is thus a constant need to address these problems through the development of less side-effect prone drugs.
Effectiveness of SDF in arresting root caries in different fluoridated areas
The objective of this research study was to compare the effectiveness of annual application of silver diammine fluoride (SDF) solution on arresting root caries in community-dwelling elders living in water fluoridated and non-fluoridated areas. This study was conducted in a water fluoridated area (Hong Kong) and also in a non-fluoridated area (Guangzhou).
Sharing of a bacterium related to tooth decay among children and their families
New research provides compelling evidence that children acquire Streptococcus mutans, the bacterium most frequently associated with dental caries, from intra- and extra-familial sources besides their mother.
Dentin nanostructures: A 'super-natural' phenomenon
Dentin is one of the most durable biological materials in the human body. Researchers were able to show that the reason for this can be traced to its nanostructures and specifically to the interactions between the organic and inorganic components.
Tobacco smoke makes germs more resilient
A dental researcher explores microbiological mechanisms as World Health Organization urges for a day of abstinence from tobacco use on May 31. Cigarette smoke and its components promote biofilm formation by several pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, report scientists.
Exposure to chemicals in plastic and fungicides may irreversibly weaken children's teeth
Chemicals commonly found in plastics and fungicides may be weakening children's teeth by disrupting hormones that stimulate the growth of dental enamel, according to a new study.
Immune cells in organ cavities play essential role in fast tissue repair
While scientists have known for many years that there are cells living in the cavities surrounding various organs such as the heart, lung and liver, their function has remained unknown. A recent study examined these cells, and discovered they play an integral role in fast tissue repair.
Non-inflammatory destructive periodontal disease
A new case was studied in order to analyze features of the disease, and discuss the possible etiologic factors. The majority of all forms of periodontal diseases, are considered as microorganism-induced diseases, which promote an inflammatory host defense response against the bacteria and noxious materials from bacterial plaque.
Pancreatic cancer risk tied to specific mouth bacteria
The presence of certain bacteria in the mouth may reveal increased risk for pancreatic cancer and enable earlier, more precise treatment, report investigators. Pancreatic cancer patients are known to be susceptible to gum disease, cavities, and poor oral health in general, say the study authors. That vulnerability led the research team to search for direct links between the makeup of bacteria driving oral disease and subsequent development of pancreatic cancer, a disease that often escapes early diagnosis and causes 40,000 US deaths annually.
Breakthrough toothpaste ingredient hardens your teeth while you sleep
A new toothpaste ingredient which puts back the lost minerals from tooth enamel and helps prevent decay and treat sensitivity while you sleep is available online and from specialist dental distributors now. It is expected to be available through high street stores by the end of the year.
How bioceramics could help fight gum disease
The surface of silicon nitride has a lethal effect on the bacteria that commonly cause periodontitis. Now scientists are examining why this happens. Their findings could help inform future efforts to treat the disease.
The science behind bodily secretions
The secretion of fluids like saliva and digestive juices are important in countless activities that keep our bodies running day and night. When secretions are disrupted, diseases like dry mouth and pancreatitis occur. A new study uncovers a previously mysterious process that makes these secretions possible.
Is there a link between oral health and the rate of cognitive decline?
Better oral hygiene and regular dental visits may play a role in slowing cognitive decline as people age, although evidence is not definitive enough to suggest that one causes the other. New findings come from the first systematic review of studies focused on oral health and cognition -- two important areas of research as the older adult population continues to grow, with some 36 percent of people over age 70 already living with cognitive impairments.
'Concern' over GPs prescribing 'unnecessary' antibiotics for toothache
Over half of all patients who visited their GP with a dental problem in the last 10 years were not offered a long-term treatment for their pain and were instead prescribed antibiotics, often unnecessarily, new research has found.
Low sex hormones could lead to oral health issues in men
More than 20 species of macaques, the most widely distributed nonhuman primates in the world, socialize in lively troops and make frequent appearances on National Geographic documentaries. But, what can we learn from one of our closest primate relatives about our own oral health?
Another reason to break the habit: Smoking alters bacterial balance in mouth
Smoking drastically alters the oral microbiome, the mix of roughly 600 bacterial species that live in people's mouths, a new study has found. The researchers say their analysis is the most comprehensive to date to examine the effects of smoking on the make-up and action of bacterial species in the human mouth based on precise genetic testing.
Tooth loss increases the risk of diminished cognitive function
A team of researchers systematically assessed the association between oral health and cognitive function in adult populations, and found that there is an association between tooth loss and reduced cognitive function.
Adjunctive minocycline microspheres
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of adjunctive Minocycline HCl Microspheres (Arestin) with debridement alone on the levels of 40 subgingival bacterial species in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Reseachers recruited 208 subjects (from 11 centers in the USA) with at least 1 implant with peri-implantitis and randomized to receive either mechanical debridement alone (n=104) or mechanical debridement followed by Arestin (1 mg) (n=104) at baseline and day 90.
Microbiome associated with severe caries in Canadian First Nations children
Researchers aimed to determine the caries-associated microbiome among Canadian First Nations children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC).
Longevity of restorative treatments in pediatric patients: EBD in the era of EHR
The goal of this retrospective study was to evaluate the longevity of restorations in primary molars, based on dental claims data for children 0-14 years of age. Researchers identified specific factors (patient age at initial treatment, restoration size and restorative material) that significantly associated with restoration survival.
Dentistry: Evidence-practice gap for sealant application
In this study, the researchers aimed to examine dentist practice patterns regarding treatment recommendation of dental sealants and identify characteristics associated with this recommendation. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in Japan.
Dentistry: New biotechnology to inhibit microRNA activity and novel applications
A new plasmid-based microRNA inhibitor system (PMIS) effectively inhibits microRNA (miR) activity in cells and mice. In this study, researchers generated a novel RNA-based hairpin molecule carrying an anti-sense miR seed sequence that effectively knocks down endogenous miRs and mitigates their effects on messenger RNA in the cell. By using a native RNA-based molecule for miR knockdown, the PMIS platform avoids many of the traditional pitfalls associated with miR inhibition using synthetic oligonucleotides.
Systemic antibody responses to oral bacteria with aging
Substantial evidence has demonstrated that adaptive immune responses are affected by aging, specifically focused on "newly acquired" responses in naïve aged individuals. However, responses to oral bacteria in aging provide a different set of conditions, in which the host has a pre-existing immune response to bacteria that have colonized the individual's oral cavity over many decades. This investigation examined the characteristics of serum antibody in a cohort of human subjects related to age, oral health, and specific bacterial burden in the oral cavity.
Dentistry: Postponing restorative intervention of occlusal dentin caries by non-invasive sealing
In this study, researchers investigated the possibility of postponing restorative intervention of manifest occlusal caries in the young permanent dentition by non-invasive sealing. This prospective, RCT-designed study included 521 occlusal caries lesions in 521 patients, aged 6-17 years. Based on clinical and radiographic assessment, all lesions were in need of restorative treatment. After randomization, 368 resin sealings and 153 composite-resin restorations were performed by 68 dentists from 2006 to 2009 in nine public dental health service locations. Treatments were annually controlled, clinically and radiographic, until patients were referred to private dentistry at age 18 years.
Link between gum disease and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's
A new study has found a link between gum disease and greater rates of cognitive decline in people with early stages of Alzheimer's Disease.Periodontitis or gum disease is common in older people and may become more common in Alzheimer's disease because of a reduced ability to take care of oral hygiene as the disease progresses. Higher levels of antibodies to periodontal bacteria are associated with an increase in levels of inflammatory molecules elsewhere in the body, which in turn has been linked to greater rates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease in previous studies. The latest study set out to determine whether periodontitis or gum disease is associated with increased dementia severity and subsequent greater progression of cognitive decline in people with Alzheimer's disease.
Fighting cavities could one day be as easy as taking a pill, research shows
Researchers have identified a new strain of bacteria in the mouth that may keep bad bacteria in check -- and could lead to a way to prevent cavities using probiotics.
More dental patients could be spared the drill with new diagnostic liquid
A dentist has created a simple diagnostic liquid solution that can be applied to the surface of a patient's teeth prior to a dental X-ray and which will help show dentists whether a tooth has cavitated decay or is pre-cavity.
Antidepressants linked to tooth implant failure, new study finds
Antidepressants, commonly used to treat anxiety, pain and other disorders, quadruple the risk of dental implant failure, according to a new pilot study. Each year of antidepressant use doubled the odds of failure.
Trouble sleeping? The size of your tongue, tonsils could be why
Oversized tonsils and tongues place people at high risk for obstructive sleep apnea, a disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep due to blocked upper airways, suggests a new report.
Signs of naturally occurring chronic periodontitis reversed
Periodontitis, a gum disease present in nearly half of all adults in the United States, involves inflammation, bleeding and bone loss. Now there is new hope that the disease can be effectively reversed.
Role of tiny bubbles in teeth cleaning identified
Research into the science behind ultrasonic scalers, used by dental professionals to remove built up plaque, has identified that the formation of tiny bubbles around the head is key to the cleaning process.
Improving dental hygiene products through virtual brushing
Designing toothpastes and toothbrushes is a time-consuming process involving the production and testing of numerous samples. Using a new type of simulation, various parameters such as bristle shape and abrasive particle size can be modified with just a click. This enables manufacturers to improve the quality of new dental care products and bring them to market more quickly.
Researchers find association between oral bacteria and esophageal cancer
Researchers have found a bacterial species responsible for gum disease, Porphyromonas gingivalis, is present in 61 percent of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
3-D technology used to safely reveal the diet of 'Chaucer's children'
Biological anthropologists have discovered a new way of examining the fragile teeth of children who lived between the 11th and 15th centuries without damaging them. By using 3-D microscopic imaging, researchers have been able to safely reconstruct the diet of children who would have lived next door to Canterbury Cathedral when Chaucer was writing his famous Tales.
Exide lead contamination levels measured in Vernon
For months now, scientists have been investigating the Vernon, California, environmental crisis. Their study indicates that similar to how tree rings show age, young children's teeth rings could reveal lead exposure.
Periodontitis linked to a higher mortality rate in patients with kidney disease
Patients with chronic kidney disease patients and periodontitis (severe gum disease) have a higher mortality rate than those with chronic kidney disease alone, research shows.
Oral bacteria linked to risk of stroke
In a study of patients entering the hospital for acute stroke, researchers have increased their understanding of an association between certain types of stroke and the presence of the oral bacteria (cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans).
Chewing sugar free gum could save millions a year
The NHS in England could save £8.2 million a year on dental treatments -- the equivalent to 364,000 dental check-ups -- if all 12-year-olds across the UK chewed sugar free gum after eating or drinking, thanks to the role it plays in helping to prevent tooth decay.
There are always bacteria lurking in dental equipment, suggests research
No disinfectants tested completely remove bacterial biofilms from water lines.
New appreciation for human microbiome leads to greater understanding of human health
Anthropologists are studying the ancient and modern human microbiome and the role it plays in human health and disease. By applying genomic and proteomic sequencing technologies to ancient human microbiomes, such as coprolites and dental calculus, as well as to contemporary microbiomes in traditional and industrialized societies, Researchers are advancing the understanding of the evolutionary history of our microbial self and its impact on human health today.
'Jaws' may help humans grow new teeth, shark study suggests
A new insight into how sharks regenerate their teeth, which may pave the way for the development of therapies to help humans with tooth loss, has been discovered.
Scientists map mouth microbes
A new study provides a detailed look at how the microbes in the mouth coexist.
No more needles at the dentist: Just a tiny electric current instead
If you're scared of the dentist's needles you're not alone -- but new research means you might not have to put off that appointment again. A study reveals how the dentist could give you anesthetic using a tiny electric current instead of a needle.
Nano-shells deliver molecules that tell bone to repair itself
A polymer sphere that delivers a molecule to bone wounds that tells cells already at the injury site to repair the damage has been developed by a team of researchers.
Bite-mark analysis can lead to false convictions, landmark research shows
Forensic science is a vital crime-fighting tool in today's criminal justice system. But it can also lead to false convictions, according to an expert, whose study proves that bite-mark analysis is "far from an exact science."
First clinical practice guidelines call for lifelong maintenance of restored teeth
The first American clinical practice guidelines for caring for patients with teeth restorations such as crowns, bridges, veneers and implants has been published.
Tooth fillings of the future may incorporate bioactive glass
A few years from now millions of people around the world might be walking around with an unusual kind of glass in their mouth, and using it every time they eat. Engineers have made some promising findings about the ability of 'bioactive' glass to help reduce the ability of bacteria to attack composite tooth fillings -- and perhaps even provide some of the minerals needed to replace those lost to tooth decay.
Periodontal disease associated with increased breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women
Postmenopausal women with periodontal disease were more likely to develop breast cancer than women who did not have the chronic inflammatory disease. A history of smoking significantly affected the women's risk, researchers report.
Multiplying teeth, literally
Researchers have found a way to--literally--multiply teeth. In mice, they were able to extract teeth germs--groups of cells formed early in life that later develop into teeth, split them into two, and then implant the teeth into the mice's jaws, where they developed into two fully functional teeth.
New patent on synthetic molecules brings researchers closer to therapeutic approach for gum disease
Researchers recently received a patent on a synthetic biochemical compound and its variants, moving science closer to a treatment for gum disease.
Aural feedback for oral hygiene
Researchers in Japan have discovered that how effectively we clean our teeth and how satisfied we are with the brushing job we do depends a lot on the sound of the bristles scrubbing against the enamel. They have described details of a futuristic toothbrush that might help with oral hygiene.
'No-drill' dentistry stops tooth decay
A new study has revealed that tooth decay (dental caries) can be stopped, reversed, and prevented without the need for the traditional 'fill and drill' approach that has dominated dental care for decades. The seven year study found that the need for fillings was reduced by 30 to 50 per cent through preventative oral care.
Graphene oxide could make stronger dental fillings
Graphene oxide could be used to make super strong dental fillings that don't corrode, according to a new study. Research suggests we chew around 800 times in an average meal; that's almost a million times a year. We put our teeth under huge strain, and often require fillings to repair them. Fillings are typically made of a mixture of metals, such as copper, mercury, silver and tin, or composites of powdered glass and ceramic. Typical metal fillings can corrode and composite fillings are not very strong; Graphene on the other hand is 200 times stronger than steel and doesn't corrode, making it a prime new candidate for dental fillings.
Cognitive behavior therapy can help overcome fear of the dentist
Cognitive behavioral therapy could help many people with a dental phobia overcome their fear of visiting the dentist and enable them to receive dental treatment without the need to be sedated, according to a new study.
Microbiome technology may help combat certain infections
Two patent applications were filed for nutrient based compositions utilizing an innovative microbiome technology that may help combat certain infections.
Regenerative nanomaterials to improve dental care
New nanomaterials for dental treatments boast impressive antibacterial, decay-resistant and biomimetic properties. In combination with stem cells, they are even capable of regenerating dental tissues, researchers report.
New technique could prevent dangerous biofilms on catheters
Biofilms frequently coat the surfaces of catheters, and of various medical implants and prostheses, where they can cause life-threatening infections. New research shows that coating implants with a certain 'activator' can prevent Staphylococcus aureus, the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, from forming biofilms.
How to eliminate pain tied to tooth decay
An abundance of sweets during the holidays increases the threat of cavities and tooth sensitivity. Researchers have found a way to regrow enamel to protect teeth. Perhaps one day their gel could be used as teeth strips or in a mouth guard, they say.
'You can always look better:' On norms and ideals in dental care
The dental care industry spends a lot of time on supporting young people as they get through their often long and difficult orthodontic treatment. A new study has looked at the importance of norms when young people are offered correction of their teeth and bite.
3-D printed objects that kill microbes
Material scientists and orthodontists have made a 3D printing substrate which kills bacteria on contact. The first applications will be in dentistry, but other implants may follow.
Receptors on bone cells connected to inflammatory bone loss, bone formation
Receptors on bone cells activate bone loss in contact with bacteria that cause inflammation in patients resulting in loosening of the teeth, loosening dental and orthopaedic implants or arthritis. The discovery indicates that the so-called Toll-like receptors also play an important role in the formation of new bone.
Cellular mechanism for transporting calcium in the formation of dental enamel cells
The team found that the main calcium influx pathway involved in the mineralization of enamel [called the CRAC (Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+) channel -- the main type of SOCE (Store-operated Ca2+ entry) channel -- is critical for controlling calcium uptake, which is necessary for the development of tooth enamel.
Watching cement dry could help dental fillings last longer
Scientists have revealed 'sweet points' for dental fillings, where cement used to fill cracks regain elasticity before hardening indefinitely. This could have implications for creating more durable and longer-lasting fillings in the future.
from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/29728EA
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