Characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients on admission to a teaching hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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Characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients on admission to a teaching hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Am J Infect Control. 2017 Jul 24;:

Authors: Cavalcante FS, Pinheiro MV, Ferreira DC, Alvarenga CVDCG, Guimarães ACF, Nouér SA, Dos Santos KRN

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are associated with greater mortality and morbidity; however, risk factors for community-acquired infections caused by MRSA have not been established. Therefore, community patients who are admitted to hospitals without the necessary contact precautions and are infected with community-acquired lineages eventually cause these lineages to spread to these settings. The aim of this study was to detect community-acquired lineages of MRSA in patients on admission to a Brazilian teaching hospital.
METHODS: The antimicrobial susceptibility of the MRSA isolates from nasal swabs was evaluated as was the molecular characteristics of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). The clonality was determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence type analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 702 patients were evaluated between March 2012 and March 2013; 180 (25%) of them were colonized by S aureus, and 21 (3%) were MRSA. The SCCmec IV/USA1100/sequence type (ST) 30 was the predominant MRSA lineage (42.8%), followed by SCCmec IV/USA800/ST5 (23.8%).
CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of MRSA colonization was very low, and only 1 patient from cardiac surgery developed an infection, which was caused by an SCCmec II/USA100/ST5 isolate. Screening for MRSA colonization on admission does not seem to be productive; however, for populations submitted to specific surgeries, active surveillance should be implemented.

PMID: 28751036 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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