Quantum biology seeks to explain biological phenomena via quantum mechanisms, such as enzyme reaction rates via tunneling and photosynthesis energy efficiency via coherent superposition of states. However, less effort has been devoted to study the role of quantum mechanisms in biological evolution. In this paper, we used transcription factor networks with two and four different phenotypes, and used classical random walks (CRW) and quantum walks (QW) to compare network search behavior and efficiency...
Sun Jul 12, 2020 03:00
Background: An organism tree of a group of extant-organisms can be considered as a conceptual tree to capture a simplified narrative of the evolutionary course among the organisms. Due to the difficulties of whole-genome sequencing for many organisms, the most common approach has been to construct a gene tree by selecting a group of genes common among the organisms, align each gene family and estimate evolutionary distances. Despite broad acceptance of the gene trees as the surrogates for the organism...
Sun Jul 12, 2020 03:00
The ancient grapevines of the Levant have inspired beliefs and rituals in human societies which are still practiced today in religious and traditional ceremonies around the world. Despite their importance, the original Levantine wine-grapes varieties were lost due to cultural turnovers commencing in the 7th century CE, which lead to the collapse of a flourishing winemaking industry in this region. Recently, a comprehensive survey of feral grapevines was conducted in Israel in an attempt to identify...
Sun Jul 12, 2020 03:00
The independent and repeated adaptation of populations to similar environments often results in the evolution of similar forms. This phenomenon creates a strong correlation between phenotype and environment and is referred to as parallel evolution. However, there is ongoing debate as to when we should call a system either phenotypically or genotypically 'parallel.' Here, we suggest a novel and simple framework to quantify parallel evolution at the genotypic and phenotypic levels. Our framework combines...
Sun Jul 12, 2020 03:00
The North American tiger salamander species complex, including its flagship species the axolotl, has long been a source of biological fascination. The complex exhibits a wide range of variation in developmental life history strategies, including populations and individuals that undergo metamorphosis and those able to forego metamorphosis and retain a larval, aquatic lifestyle (i.e., paedomorphosis). Such disparate life history strategies are assumed to cause populations to become reproductively isolated,...
Sun Jul 12, 2020 03:00
DNA sequencing technology has advanced so quickly, identifying key functional regions using evolutionary approaches is required to understand how those genomes work. This research develops a sensitive sequence alignment approach to identify functional constrained non-coding sequences in the Andropogoneae tribe. The grass tribe Andropogoneae contains several crop species descended from a common ancestor ~18 million years ago. Despite broadly similar phenotypes, they have tremendous genomic diversity...
Sun Jul 12, 2020 03:00
Estimating how fast or slow morphology evolves through time (phenotypic change rate; PR) has become common in macroevolutionary studies, and has been important for clarifying key evolutionary events. However, the inclusion of incompletely scored taxa (e.g., fossils) could affect PR estimates and potentially mask real PR patterns. This effect being also affected by the usage of arbitrary discrete time bins. Here, the impact of taxon incompleteness (unscored data) on PR estimates is assessed in simulated...
Sun Jul 12, 2020 03:00
Abstract Patient communication courses are time-intensive, making incorporation into residency curricula challenging. Using a short video could be an efficient means to teach residents communication skills. We created a 4-min animated video focused on the “ask more and summarize technique”. Residents rotating on the inpatient oncology and palliative care service received a video link with a survey (S1) on the tool and its projected utility. A second survey (S2) was sent upon rotation...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05057
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05479
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04885
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03343
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03813
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03786
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04288
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05039
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04722
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06827
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03682
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06238
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06295
Sun Jul 12, 2020 07:00
Abstract Mismatch-related brain activation in healthy individuals is an important area of neural investigation. Previously, we evaluated sentence-level syntactic dependencies, composed of a head and a dependent between two syntactically related words in head-initial English structures. We demonstrated that prominent mismatch effects were induced by within-category dependent errors when semantic interpretation was preserved. However, the following issues were not addressed: (1)...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Abstract Interactions from both inhibitory and excitatory interneurons are necessary components of cortical processing that contribute to the vast amount of motor actions executed by humans daily. As transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over primary motor cortex is capable of activating corticospinal neurons trans-synaptically, studies over the past 30 years have provided how subtle changes in stimulation parameters (i.e., current direction, pulse width, and paired-pulse) can...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Abstract It is well known that our body works as a fundamental reference when we perform visuo-perceptual judgements in spatial surroundings, and that body illusions can modify our perception of size and distance of objects in space. To date, however, few studies have evaluated whether or not a body illusion could have a significant impact on the way individuals perceive to move within the environment. Here, we used a full-body illusion paradigm to verify the hypothesis that an...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Abstract As the proportion of people over 60 years of age rises continuously in westernized societies, it becomes increasingly important to better understand aging processes and how to maintain independence in old age. Fine motor tasks are essential in daily living and, therefore, necessary to maintain. This paper extends the existing literature on fine motor control by manipulating the difficulty of a force maintenance task to characterize performance optima for elderly. Thirty-seven...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Abstract Rapid grip force responses to unexpected pulling loads on the fingertips are deteriorated in older adults due to, in part, age-related declines in somatosensory function. Such reports are limited to one-hand conditions despite the higher frequency of using two hands together in daily living activities of older adults. Unexpected perturbations during bimanual movements elicit goal-oriented and cortically-meditated bilateral rapid motor responses. Since aging is associated...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Mon Jul 13, 2020 10:50
[ASAP] Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Discrimination of GSH, Cys, and SO<sub>2</sub> Derivatives
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02255
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00632
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05716
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01565
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01301
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01785
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02720
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01406
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01429
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02147
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00614
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01126
Mon Jul 13, 2020 07:00
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