Background/Aim: Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is an enzyme that is predominantly overexpressed in various types of cancer. The role of PKM2 in liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor activity of shikonin, a PKM2 inhibitor, in CCA cells. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were used to determine PKM2 expression in CCA tissues and cells. Antiproliferative effects of shikonin were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium...
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Concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CCRT) plus brachytherapy is standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer. Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by radical hysterectomy has been proposed as an alternative approach, especially for patients with stage Ib2-IIb disease. This review analyzes the most commonly used combination regimens in this clinical setting and the randomized trials comparing chemo-surgery versus definitive radiotherapy or CCRT....
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Background/Aim: Hepatic encephalopathy is an adverse event resulting from lenvatinib use in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We analyzed the influence of lenvatinib on portal venous flow velocity (PVV) and serum ammonia concentration. Patients and Methods: Eleven patients with unresectable HCC were enrolled, including three with modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade 1, three with grade 2a, and five with grade 2b. PVV was measured by Doppler ultrasound sonography before and on day...
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Most breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER) receptor and are negative for the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptor. ER+/HER2– cancers are treated with hormone-based therapies in the adjuvant setting and derive significant survival benefit from these therapies in the metastatic setting. However, hormone resistance develops in most metastatic patients. An increased understanding of the biology of ER+/HER2– breast cancers has led to the development of new therapies for...
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Background/Aim: Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves are popular as a tea infusion in Asia and their main active ingredients are flavonoids. The present study aimed to explore the anticancer properties of flavonoids isolated from persimmon leaves (PLF). Materials and Methods: We investigated the in vitro anti-proliferative activity of PLF against several human cancer cell lines. Apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by PLF were accessed using high-content analysis with...
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Aberrant fatty acid (FA) metabolism has long been recognized in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Since de novo lipogenesis is required for CRC tumour growth and survival, the inhibition of FA metabolism is a promising potential therapeutic target. Inhibition of the opposite process, β-oxidation of FAs, has also showed promising results in many CRC models. For patients with CRC, both FA synthesis and β-oxidation inhibitors are promising potential therapeutic options as monotherapies or as combination...
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Aim: This study was interested in extremity leiomyosarcoma with focus on clinical outcome after surgery with or without adjuvant therapy. Patients and Methods: A retrospective case series of all patients with leiomyosarcoma, surgically treated between 2000 and 2015 and a minimum follow-up of 2 years, was drawn from institutional databases in Belgium and the Netherlands. Postoperative complications were reported with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the Henderson classification. Results:...
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Background/Aim: Anticancer peptide PNC-27 binds to HDM-2 protein on cancer cell membranes inducing the formation of cytotoxic transmembrane pores. Herein, we investigated HDM-2 membrane expression and the effect of PNC-27 treatment on human non-stem cell acute myelogenous leukemia cell lines: U937, acute monocytic leukemia; OCI-AML3, acute myelomonocytic leukemia and HL60, acute promyelocytic leukemia. Materials and Methods: We measured cell surface membrane expression of HDM-2 using flow cytometry....
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Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to elucidate the possibility of sensitizing colon cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic drug SN38 and investigate its mechanism of action after combined treatment with electroporation (EP). Materials and Methods: Cells were treated with SN38, EP and their combination for 24/48 h. The cell viability, actin cytoskeleton integrity, mitochondrial superoxide, hydroperoxides, total glutathione, phosphatidyl serine expression, DNA damages and expression of membrane...
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Background/Aim: In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of adjuvant administration of oral recombinant methioninase (o-rMETase) against recurrence and metastasis in a 4T1 murine breast-cancer syngeneic model. Materials and Methods: 4T1 cells were orthotopically implanted into the 2nd mammary fat pad of BALB/c mice. The 4T1 orthotopic syngeneic models were randomized into 2 groups after primary tumor resection: untreated control and o-rMETase (100 units, oral, daily, 2 weeks). Results: The...
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Background/Aim: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a relatively refractory CD4-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma. VCAP-AMP-VECP (mLSG15) is one of the standard chemotherapeutic regimens for patients with aggressive ATLL. Mogamulizumab (moga), a monoclonal antibody for C-C chemokine receptor 4 antigen expressed on the cell surface, has recently been poised for use as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy. However, to date, a significant survival benefit has not been obtained with...
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Background/Aim: Some reports showed encouraging efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors among patients who experienced immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Thus, characterization of T-cell repertoire and immune signatures in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and tumors before and after immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment should contribute to better understanding of irAE-provoked anticancer immune responses. Materials and Methods: We applied expression analysis of immune-related genes...
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Background: To assess the prophylactic efficacy of postoperative single intravesical instillation with pirarubicin (THP) and mitomycin C (MMC) for low-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMBC). Patients and Methods: A total of 103 clinically low-risk NMBC patients were preoperatively randomized into either THP (n=49) or MMC (n=54) groups. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival. Results: The median follow-up periods of the THP and MMC groups were 955 and 1008 days, respectively (p=0.76)....
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Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor potential of guaiazulene-3-carboxylate derivatives against oral malignant cells. Materials and Methods: Twelve guaiazulene-3-carboxylate derivatives were synthesized by introduction of either with alkyl group [1-5], alkoxy group [6, 7], hydroxyl group [8, 9] or primary amine [10-12] at the end of sidechains. Tumor-specificity (TS) was calculated by the ratio of mean 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) against 3 human oral mesenchymal cell...
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Background/Aim: Accumulating evidence has shown therapeutic effects of herbals on breast cancer, a commonly diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. However, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to explore the mode of action of a recently developed herbal combination at system-level. Materials and Methods: We employed network pharmacological approaches to study the mechanism of a combination of three herbals, Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica gigas and Trichosanthes kirilowii by investigating...
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Background/Aim: Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the pathway synthesizing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD (+)) from nicotinamide (NAM). Glioma tissues exhibit up-regulated NAMPT expression associated with a poor prognosis of patients. To determine if NAMPT can be a molecular therapeutic target, we investigated the effects of short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated NAMPT down-regulation. Materials and Methods: We designed shRNA to NAMPT and transfected...
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Background/Aim: This study investigated the effects of temozolomide (TMZ) and/or checkpoint kinase inhibitor AZD7762 in human glioma cells. Materials and Methods: Glioma cells were treated with TMZ and/or AZD7762 for 24 or 48 h, then the cellular survival was studied and the expression of various proteins was investigated. Results: Both TMZ and AZD7762 induced concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxic effects, and combined TMZ and AZD7762 (TMZ+AZD) caused synergistic cytotoxic effects in glioma...
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Background/Aim: We investigated the effects of luteolin (LUT) on classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL), since such studies in malignant lymphomas are lacking. Materials and Methods: Effect of LUT on cell growth was assessed with water-soluble tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) cell proliferation assay and automated hemocytometry on trypan blue-exclusion assay. Cell death was investigated with acridine orange/ethidium bromide live-dead assay, propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry, and Annexin-V-PI microscopy. Caspase...
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Background/Aim: Mathematical models have long been considered as important tools in cancer biology and therapy. Herein, we present an advanced non-linear mathematical model that can predict accurately the effect of an anticancer agent on the growth of a solid tumor. Materials and Methods: Advanced non-linear mathematical optimization techniques and human-to-mouse experimental data were used to develop a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) estimation model. Results: Using this mathematical model, we could...
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Background/Aim: A new class of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole compounds have recently been evaluated as inhibitors of phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in pancreatic cancer. FAK is overexpressed in mesothelioma and has recently emerged as an interesting target for the treatment of this disease. Materials and Methods: Ten imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole compounds characterized by indole bicycle and a thiophene ring, were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity in two primary cell cultures...
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Background/Aim: Bladder cancer (BLCA, urothelial bladder cancer) is one of the most common malignancies with increasing incidence and mortality worldwide. Poor diagnosis and the limitation of treatment is still an unmet need in clinical practice. T-Cells have been paid increasing attention because of their potent cytotoxicity against tumors. Herein, we investigated the cytolytic effect of T-cells in combination with the chemotherapeutic drug, carboplatin, against BLCA cells. Materials and Methods:...
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Background/Aim: Phenothiazines constitute a versatile family of compounds in terms of biological activity, which have also gained a considerable attention in cancer research. Materials and Methods: Three phenothiazines (promethazine, chlorpromazine and thioridazine) have been tested in combination with 11 active selenocompounds against MDR (ABCB1-overexpressing) mouse T-lymphoma cells to investigate their activity as combination chemotherapy and as antitumor adjuvants in vitro with a checkerboard...
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Background/Aim: Treatment of recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer remains challenging due to the development of resistance to chemotherapy. Cabazitaxel is a new taxane that has demonstrated beneficial effect in prostate cancer patients resistant to docetaxel. Therefore, it could be anticipated to possibly also have an effect on chemotherapy resistant ovarian cancer. Patients and Methods: Twenty-six patients with chemotherapy-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube or peritoneal...
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Background: Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene are frequently found in various cancer types. IDH1 mutants produce 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), an oncometabolite, from alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG). This 2-HG plays a key role in tumorigenesis via inhibition of α-KG dependent enzymes. For this reason, IDH1 mutant could be an ideal target for the treatment of cancer. Materials and Methods: To find a new IDH1 inhibitor, 8,364 compounds were obtained from Korea Chemical Bank. Using high-throughput...
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Background/Aim: Chemotherapy with additional bevacizumab is the standard treatment for primary and recurrent ovarian cancer. We aimed to investigate the clinical utility and safety of bevacizumab when used in combination with chemotherapy after disease progression. Patients and Methods: This retrospective, observational study recruited patients treated for recurrent ovarian cancer from 2014 to 2016. We evaluated the effects of bevacizumab with chemotherapy in patients whose disease had progressed...
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Background/Aim: ALK inhibitors like Crizotinib, Ceritinib and Alectinib are targeted therapies used in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive, advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Since in this tumor entity radiotherapy is employed sequentially or concomitantly, potential synergistic effects were investigated, which may support the hypothesis of induced radiosensitization by using ALK inhibitors. Materials and Methods: Two cell lines expressing wild-type (WT) or echinoderm...
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Background/Aim: Experimental studies have shown that celecoxib is related to the downregulation of Tregs and an increase in the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors; however, such effect has not been shown in human cancers. Our report confirmed the synergistic effect of celecoxib with a PD-1 inhibitor. Case Report: A 57-year-old male with advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma was treated with nivolumab monotherapy as 5th line sequential treatment. Although the patient experienced tumor remission,...
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Background/Aim: This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects and potential mechanisms of sclareol in a human small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cell line. Materials and Methods: Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis and caspase activity were evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell cycle and DNA damage related protein expression was determined by western blotting. In vivo evaluation of sclareol was carried out in xenografted tumor mice models. Results: Sclareol significantly...
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The microbiome is extremely important for human health; more recently its role in the context of cancer became clear. Microbial effects range from enhancing cancer immunity and cancer therapy efficacy, to promoting cancer progression and inhibiting treatment efficacy. These broad implications led researchers to investigate these specific interactions, as well as how modification of the microbiome can improve cancer survival and treatment efficacy. While these interactions are better established for...
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Background/Aim: Despite advances in treatment modalities, the visual prognosis of retinoblastoma still remains unsatisfactory, underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches. Materials and Methods: The effect on the growth of six human retinoblastoma cell lines and a normal human fibroblast cell line of CEP1347, a small-molecule kinase inhibitor originally developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and therefore with a known safety profile in humans, was examined. The role...
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Background/Aim: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling may be one of the mechanisms of progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this study, we investigated the possible therapeutic effect of vismodegib, a new Shh inhibitor, in a mouse CRPC model. Materials and Methods: We determined cell proliferation, apoptosis and the expression of EMT-related genes for three prostate cancer cell lines; androgen-dependent LNCaP and independent C4-2B and...
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Background/Aim: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Brucea javanica (BJO) has shown anti-proliferation efficacy on human carcinoma cells in vitro. The aim of the present study was to evaluate for the first time the efficacy of BJO combined with the first-line chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine (GEM) on tumor growth-inhibition and survival in a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model. Materials and Methods: The pancreatic cancer tumor fragment originated from a patient...
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Background/Aim: Neuroblastoma (NB), the most common extracranial malignant childhood tumor accounts for about 15% of cancer-related deaths in children. Despite the intensive treatment of patients with high-risk scarification of NB, clinical outcomes indicate tumor recurrence greater than 50% and late severe adverse effects. Oxazolidinones are 5-membered heterocyclic compounds with antibacterial activity against resistant bacterial strains. Structural modifications around the oxazolidinone moiety...
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Background/Aim: Multiple myeloma is a highly heterogeneous disease of clonal plasma cells. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are promising anticancer drugs but their precise mechanisms of actions are not well understood. Materials and Methods: Cell-cycle regulation and pro-apoptotic effects of two histone deacetylase inhibitors, suberohydroxamic acid (SAHA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SBHA), were analyzed in multiple myeloma cell lines RPMI8226 and U266 with differing TP53 status using...
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Background/Aim: Magnetic stimulation is used in the treatment of a diversity of diseases, but a complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action requires further investigation. We examined the effect of static magnetic stimulation (SMS) in different cell lines. Materials and Methods: A culture plate holder with attached NeFeB magnets was developed. Different magnetic field intensities and periods were tested in tumoral and non-tumoral cell lines. To verify the cellular responses to SMS,...
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Background/Aim: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that facilitates cancer metastasis. Therefore, therapeutic approaches that target EMT have garnered increasing attention. The present study aimed to examine the in vitro effects of ephemeranthol A on cell death, migration, and EMT of lung cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Ephemeranthol A was isolated from Dendrobium infundibulum. Non-small cell lung cancer cells H460 were treated with ephemeranthol A and apoptosis...
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Background/Aim: In this study, the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs)-protective effects of beraprost sodium (BPS) were investigated using mice with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). Materials and Methods: The mice were divided into BPS, placebo and control groups. They were killed 48 h after MCT administration, and blood samples and liver tissues were evaluated. Immunostaining was performed using anti-SE-1 and anti-CD42b antibodies, whereas plasminogen activator...
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Aim: Newly synthesized platinum(IV) complexes with ethylenediamine-N,N’-diacetate ligands (EDDA-type) (butyl-Pt and pentyl-Pt) were investigated against two cancer (A549 lung, and HTB 140 melanoma) and one non-cancerous (MRC-5 embryonic lung fibroblast) human cell lines. Materials and Methods: The effects of these agents were compared with those of cisplatin after 6-, 24- and 48-h treatment. Sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay was performed to estimate the cytotoxic effect, while the inhibitory effect on...
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Background/Aim: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Small molecule-based chemotherapy is an attractive approach for the chemoprevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a natural organosulfur compound with anticancer properties, as revealed by studies on in vitro models of gingival, prostate, lung, hepatic, and breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of MSM in colon cancer cells remain unclear. Materials...
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Background/Aim: Despite being a rare disease, melanoma is considered the most dangerous skin cancer due to its highly invasive and aggressive nature, and still requires for more effective treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anti-melanoma potential of Ephedranthus pisocarpus R.E.Fr. (Annonaceae), a popular Brazilian plant with medicinal properties. Materials and Methods: Initially, the ethanolic extract (EtOH) was obtained from E. pisocarpus leaves and later partitioned...
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Background/Aim: CBP is a transcriptional coactivator in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway that is related to cell kinetics and differentiation. This study aimed to characterize β-catenin-activated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and evaluate the direct effects of PRI-724 (a selective inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin/CBP signaling) on HCC. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin was performed in 199 HCC resected samples. Moreover, using cultured HCC cell lines, cell kinetics and its related proteins...
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Background/Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a new 7-(4-(N-substituted carbamoylmethyl) piperazin-1-yl) ciprofloxacin-derivative on the proliferation and migration abilities of HeLa cells. Materials and Methods: Cell viability and morphological alterations were examined. Changes in migration were detected using wound healing and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry and western blotting were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this ciprofloxacin-derivative's...
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Background/Aim: The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is implicated in the tumorigenesis of breast and prostate cancers where it drives cell proliferation, survival, and migration. LFA102 is a humanized monoclonal antibody against PRLR with promising preclinical antitumor activity. To determine the maximum tolerated dose or a recommended dose, and to delineate the pharmacokinetic profile of LFA102 in Japanese patients, we conducted a phase I study. Patients and Methods: LFA102 was intravenously infused every...
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Background/Aim: Based on the cytotoxic agent (–)-zampanolide, N,N’-(arylmethylene)bisamides were designed and synthesized as candidate anti-cancer agents. Among them, N,N’-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylene]biscinnamide (DPMBC) was identified as the most potent cytotoxic analog against cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying DPMBC-induced cell death in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia and PC-3 human prostate cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Cell growth was assessed...
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Background/Aim: To determine whether BMI and sarcopenia were related to treatment-limiting toxicity or efficacy of pembrolizumab treatment in melanoma patients. Patients and Methods: Medical records for melanoma patients undergoing pembrolizumab treatment at Duke University from January 2014 to September 2018 were reviewed. Pre-treatment measurements such as BMI were collected. Pre-treatment CT imaging was used to determine psoas muscle index (PMI). Patients in the lowest sex-specific tertile of...
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Background/Aim: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) inhibits NF-ĸB activation and IL-6 production in TE-1 esophageal cancer cells. NF-ĸB is related to cancer cell migration. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether EPA has a metastasis suppressing effect. Herein, we investigated EPA-treated TE-1 cell migration using TAXIScan. Materials and Methods: EZ-TAXIScan® was used to verify whether EPA inhibits cancer cell chemotaxis. Results: Using 50% fetal bovine serum (chemoattractant) without EPA (positive...
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Background: Treatment for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer is difficult and challenging because available chemotherapeutic agents only offer short survival improvements. The efficacy of re-treatment with platinum-based agents including nedaplatin for platinum-resistant patients has not been fully investigated. Case Report: We describe herein three cases of heavily treated platinum-resistant ovarian cancer that were successfully treated with weekly nedaplatin followed by olaparib. After becoming...
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Anticancer Effect of a Spiro-acridine Compound Involves Immunomodulatory and Anti-angiogenic Actions
Background/Aim: Studies with acridine compounds have reported anticancer effects. Herein, we evaluated the toxicity and antitumor effect of the (E)-1’-((4-chlorobenzylidene)amino)-5’-oxo-1’,5’-dihydro-10H-spiro[acridine-9,2’-pyrrole]-4’-carbonitrile (AMTAC-06), a promising anticancer spiro-acridine compound. Materials and Methods: The toxicity of AMTAC-06 was evaluated on zebrafish and mice. Antitumor activity was assessed in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model. Effects on angiogenesis, cytokine levels...
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Background/Aim: The treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) has remained challenging. The effect of salvage chemotherapy (SCT) after nivolumab has been identified recently in other cancer types. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of SCT after nivolumab treatment in patients with R/M HNSCC. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at four institutions in Japan. Fifty-six patients were enrolled in the study....
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Background/Aim: Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85-90% of total primary liver cancer. A drug shortage for HCC therapy triggered us to screen the small-molecule database with a high-throughput cellular screening system. Herein, we examined whether cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) inhibits cellular mobility and invasiveness of Mahlavu HCC cells. Materials and Methods: The effects of CTAB on cell...
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Background/Aim: Palbociclib is an FDA-approved cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor for the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Limited information is available regarding the toxicity of palbociclib and concurrent radiation therapy. Case Report: Herein, we report a case of esophageal toxicity in a patient treated with palbociclib and radiation therapy. A 63-year-old woman was treated with palbociclib followed by palliative radiation therapy. The patient presented three days after completing radiation...
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Background/Aim: Liver cancer has extremely poor prognosis. The cancerous tissues contain hypoxic regions, and the available drugs are poorly effective in hypoxic environments. NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), may contribute to cancer malignancy under hypoxic conditions. However, its role in liver cancer has not been examined in detail. Our aim was to explore the effects of setanaxib, a recently developed selective NOX4 inhibitor, in liver cancer cells under hypoxic...
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Background/Aim: The aim of this single center, non-randomized, open-label, uncontrolled, interventional trial was to determine the feasibility of continuous administration of low-dose human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) perioperatively during curative operation for colorectal cancer patients without history of acute heart failure. Patients and Methods: The study included three males and two females ranging from 27 to 70 years old. Continuous intravenous injection of hANP solution was started...
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Background/Aim: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer with limited targets for chemotherapy. This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of novel imidazo[2,1-b]oxazole-based rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF) inhibitors, KIST0215-1 and KIST0215-2, on epithelial cell transformation and TNBC tumorigenesis. Materials and Methods: Immunoblotting, BrdU incorporation assay, reporter gene assay, and soft agar assay analyses were performed. In vivo effects were studied...
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Background/Aim: Imatinib (IM) is the standard-of-care treatment for most chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients in chronic phase (CP). However, some patients suffer from low-grade side-effects that, in the long run, severely affect the quality of life and require treatment discontinuation due to toxicities. Fortunately, there are several therapeutic alternatives for these patients. Among them, the second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib (DAS), used as second-line treatment, has shown...
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Background/Aim: The purpose of the present study was to clarify whether treatment with YM155, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of survivin, reversed cabazitaxel resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Materials and Methods: Cabazitaxel resistance was induced in the castration-resistant prostate cancer cell line, 22Rv1-CR. In vitro and in vivo models were used to test the efficacy of YM155 and cabazitaxel. Results: Survivin gene expression was significantly higher in 22Rv1-CR than...
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