Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Channy Park, Pru Thein, Gilda Kalinec, Federico Kalinec
The House Ear Institute–Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) is a mouse auditory cell line that endogenously express, among other several markers of cochlear hair cells, the motor protein prestin (SLC26A5). Since its discovery fifteen years ago, and because of the difficulties associated with working with outer hair cells, prestin studies have been performed mostly by expressing it exogenously in non-specific systems such as HEK293 and TSA201, embryonic kidney cells from human origin, or Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Here, we report flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy studies on the pattern of prestin expression, as well as nonlinear capacitance (NLC) and whole cell-patch clamping studies on prestin motor function, in HEI-OC1 cells cultured at permissive and non-permissive conditions. Our results indicate that both total prestin expression and plasma membrane localization increase in a time-dependent manner when HEI-OC1 cells differentiate under non-permissive culture conditions. In addition, we demonstrate that HEI-OC1 cells have a robust NLC associated to prestin motor function, which decreases when the density of prestin molecules present at the plasma membrane increases. Altogether, our results show that the response of endogenously expressed prestin in HEI-OC1 cells is different from the response of prestin expressed exogenously in non-auditory cells, and suggest that the HEI-OC1 cell line may be an important additional tool for investigating prestin function.
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- HEI-OC1 Cells as a Model for Investigating Prestin...
- CLPTM1L polymorphism as a protective factor for lu...
- Impact on overall survival of the combination of B...
- Description and analysis of clinical pathways for ...
- Calcium channels: the potential therapeutic target...
- Mizoram tops in cancer, 3267 death in 5 years – As...
- Description and analysis of clinical pathways for ...
- Dan Hicks, Bandleader of the Hot Licks, Dies at 74...
- Nonsurgical treatment of an epulis by photodynamic...
- Il Bacon E’ Cancerogeno? – SALUTE E BENESSERE
- Calcium channels: the potential therapeutic target...
- Nonsurgical treatment of an epulis by photodynamic...
- Chick Schtick – Star Local Media
- Description and analysis of clinical pathways for ...
- Calcium channels: the potential therapeutic target...
- Nonsurgical treatment of an epulis by photodynamic...
- Management of mother-to-child transmission of hepa...
- Description and analysis of clinical pathways for ...
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Κυριακή 7 Φεβρουαρίου 2016
HEI-OC1 Cells as a Model for Investigating Prestin Function
CLPTM1L polymorphism as a protective factor for lung cancer: a case–control study in southern Chinese population
Abstract
Variants of the cleft lip and palate trans-membrane 1 like (CLPTM1L) gene, located on chromosome 5p15.33, were previously determined to influence lung cancer susceptibility. Here, we performed a case-control study to examine the potential association of CLPTM1L single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with lung cancer in a Chinese Han population. We selected four SNPs in the CLPTM1L gene that were previously reported to be associated with lung cancer. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of the relationship between each CLPTM1L SNP and lung cancer risk. Allelic model analysis revealed that the minor alleles of all four SNPs were significantly associated with decreased lung cancer risk. Similar significant results were detected using genetic model analysis. In addition, we observed a protective effect of haplotype "TT" in the CLPTM1L gene. Our results verified that certain CLPTM1L polymorphisms are protective factors against lung cancer in a southern Chinese Han population and may be potential diagnostic and molecular markers for lung cancer patients.
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Impact on overall survival of the combination of BRAF inhibitors and stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with melanoma brain metastases
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of BRAF inhibitors on survival outcomes in patients receiving stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for melanoma brain metastases. We prospectively collected treatment parameters and outcomes for 80 patients with melanoma brain metastases who underwent SRS. Thirty-five patients harbored the BRAF mutation (BRAF-M) and 45 patients did not (BRAF-WT). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of overall survival. The median overall survival from first SRS procedure was 6.7, 11.2 months if treated with a BRAF inhibitor and 4.5 months for BRAF-WT. Actuarial survival rates for BRAF-M patients on an inhibitor were 54 % at 6 months and 41 % at 12 months from the time of SRS. In contrast, BRAF-WT had overall survival rates of 28 % at 6 months and 19 % at 12 months. Overall survival was extended for patients on a BRAF inhibitor at or after the first SRS. The median time to intracranial progression was 3.9 months on a BRAF inhibitor and 1.7 months without. The local control rate for all treated tumors was 92.5 %, with no difference based on BRAF status. Patients with higher KPS, fewer treated intracranial metastases, controlled systemic disease, RPA Class 1 and BRAF-M patients had extended overall survival. Overall, patients with BRAF-M treated with both SRS and BRAF inhibitors, at or after SRS, have increased overall survival from the time of SRS. As patients live longer as a result of more effective systemic and local therapies, close surveillance and early management of intracranial disease with SRS will become increasingly important.
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Description and analysis of clinical pathways for oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma, in 10 European countries (the EURECCA upper Gastro Intestinal Group - European Registration of Cancer Care)
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)
Author(s): M. Messager, W. de Steur, P.G. Boelens, L.S. Jensen, C. Mariette, J.V. Reynolds, J. Osorio, M. Pera, J. Johansson, P. Kołodziejczyk, F. Roviello, G. De Manzoni, S.P. Mönig, W.H. Allum
AimsOutcomes for patients with oesophago-gastric cancer are variable across Europe. The reasons for this variability are not clear. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse clinical pathways to understand differences in service provision for oesophageal and gastric cancer in the countries participating in the EURECCA Upper GI group.MethodsA questionnaire was devised to assess clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment, pathology, follow-up and service frameworks across Europe for patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer. The questionnaire was issued to experts from 14 countries. The responses were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively and compared.ResultsThe response rate was (10/14) 71.4%. The approach to diagnosis was similar. Most countries established a diagnosis within 3 weeks of presentation. However, there were different approaches to staging with variable use of endoscopic ultrasound reflecting availability. There has been centralisation of treatments in most countries for oesophageal surgery. The most consistent area was the approach to pathology. There were variations in access to specialist nurse and dietitian support. Although most countries have multidisciplinary teams, their composition and frequency of meetings varied. The two main areas of significant difference were research and audit and overall service provision. Observations on service framework indicated that limited resources restricted many of the services.ConclusionThe principle approaches to diagnosis, treatment and pathology were similar. Factors affecting the quality of patient experience were variable. This may reflect availability of resources. Standard pathways of care may enhance both the quality of treatment and patient experience.
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Calcium channels: the potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract
Introduction
Inflammatory bone resorption causes progressive joint destruction which ultimately leads to functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The primary cell responsible for bone resorption is the osteoclast, which means it is a potential therapeutic target against bone destruction. In fact, experimental and clinical findings suggest that blockade of osteoclast differentiation and function is highly effective in inhibiting bone destruction in RA.
Discussion and conclusion
In this report, we show several lines of experimental evidence which suggest that a variety of Ca2+ channels are essential in osteoclast differentiation and function, and present a hypothesis that modulation of Ca2+ channels is a highly effective therapeutic strategy in preventing osteoclast-induced structural damage in RA.
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Mizoram tops in cancer, 3267 death in 5 years – Assam Tribune
Mizoram tops in cancer, 3267 death in 5 years Assam Tribune According Dr Eric, Mizoram topped in nine cancer sites. Besides holding the top position in cancer in all sites (male and female), the State also topped in tongue cancer (male), lung cancer (male & female), stomach cancer (male & female), hypopharynx … |
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Description and analysis of clinical pathways for oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma, in 10 European countries (the EURECC A upper Gastro Intestinal Group – European Registration of Cancer Care)
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)
Author(s): M. Messager, W. de Steur, P.G. Boelens, L.S. Jensen, C. Mariette, J.V. Reynolds, J. Osorio, M. Pera, J. Johansson, P. Kołodziejczyk, F. Roviello, G. De Manzoni, S.P. Mönig, W.H. Allum
AimsOutcomes for patients with oesophago-gastric cancer are variable across Europe. The reasons for this variability are not clear. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse clinical pathways to understand differences in service provision for oesophageal and gastric cancer in the countries participating in the EURECCA Upper GI group.MethodsA questionnaire was devised to assess clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment, pathology, follow-up and service frameworks across Europe for patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer. The questionnaire was issued to experts from 14 countries. The responses were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively and compared.ResultsThe response rate was (10/14) 71.4%. The approach to diagnosis was similar. Most countries established a diagnosis within 3 weeks of presentation. However, there were different approaches to staging with variable use of endoscopic ultrasound reflecting availability. There has been centralisation of treatments in most countries for oesophageal surgery. The most consistent area was the approach to pathology. There were variations in access to specialist nurse and dietitian support. Although most countries have multidisciplinary teams, their composition and frequency of meetings varied. The two main areas of significant difference were research and audit and overall service provision. Observations on service framework indicated that limited resources restricted many of the services.ConclusionThe principle approaches to diagnosis, treatment and pathology were similar. Factors affecting the quality of patient experience were variable. This may reflect availability of resources. Standard pathways of care may enhance both the quality of treatment and patient experience.
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Dan Hicks, Bandleader of the Hot Licks, Dies at 74 – New York Times
New York Times | Dan Hicks, Bandleader of the Hot Licks, Dies at 74 New York Times The cause was liver cancer, said his wife, Clare. Mr. Hicks began performing with his … "I will always be humble to my dying day," Mr. Hicks, tongue in cheek as usual, said when interviewed in 2013 by Roberta Donnay of the Hot Licks. "On my dying day … Dan Hicks, eclectic folkie who influenced SF music scene, diesSFGate all 143 news articles » |
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Nonsurgical treatment of an epulis by photodynamic therapy
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
Author(s): Astrid Truschnegg, Margit Pichelmayer, Stephan Acham, Norbert Jakse
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Il Bacon E’ Cancerogeno? – SALUTE E BENESSERE
SALUTE E BENESSERE | Il Bacon E' Cancerogeno? SALUTE E BENESSERE Qualche mese fa un gruppo di 22 scienziati si riunì per rivedere vari studi e in quel periodo si diffuse la notizia che, secondo l'OMS (Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità) il consumo di carni elaborate aumenta il rischio di cancro. Precisamente fu … |
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Calcium channels: the potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract
Introduction
Inflammatory bone resorption causes progressive joint destruction which ultimately leads to functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The primary cell responsible for bone resorption is the osteoclast, which means it is a potential therapeutic target against bone destruction. In fact, experimental and clinical findings suggest that blockade of osteoclast differentiation and function is highly effective in inhibiting bone destruction in RA.
Discussion and conclusion
In this report, we show several lines of experimental evidence which suggest that a variety of Ca2+ channels are essential in osteoclast differentiation and function, and present a hypothesis that modulation of Ca2+ channels is a highly effective therapeutic strategy in preventing osteoclast-induced structural damage in RA.
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Nonsurgical treatment of an epulis by photodynamic therapy
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
Author(s): Astrid Truschnegg, Margit Pichelmayer, Stephan Acham, Norbert Jakse
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Chick Schtick – Star Local Media
Chick Schtick Star Local Media … Belle's marijuana smoking dad from Louisiana; Stogner growing up as an adopted child; Hadsell's uber conservative upbringing and Bartlett's battle with cancer. But, not the battle many would expect— the battle to be noticed as a tongue cancer … |
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Description and analysis of clinical pathways for oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma, in 10 European countries (the EURECCA upper Gastro Intestinal Group – European Registration of Cancer Care)
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)
Author(s): M. Messager, W. de Steur, P.G. Boelens, L.S. Jensen, C. Mariette, J.V. Reynolds, J. Osorio, M. Pera, J. Johansson, P. Kołodziejczyk, F. Roviello, G. De Manzoni, S.P. Mönig, W.H. Allum
AimsOutcomes for patients with oesophago-gastric cancer are variable across Europe. The reasons for this variability are not clear. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse clinical pathways to understand differences in service provision for oesophageal and gastric cancer in the countries participating in the EURECCA Upper GI group.MethodsA questionnaire was devised to assess clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment, pathology, follow-up and service frameworks across Europe for patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer. The questionnaire was issued to experts from 14 countries. The responses were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively and compared.ResultsThe response rate was (10/14) 71.4%. The approach to diagnosis was similar. Most countries established a diagnosis within 3 weeks of presentation. However, there were different approaches to staging with variable use of endoscopic ultrasound reflecting availability. There has been centralisation of treatments in most countries for oesophageal surgery. The most consistent area was the approach to pathology. There were variations in access to specialist nurse and dietitian support. Although most countries have multidisciplinary teams, their composition and frequency of meetings varied. The two main areas of significant difference were research and audit and overall service provision. Observations on service framework indicated that limited resources restricted many of the services.ConclusionThe principle approaches to diagnosis, treatment and pathology were similar. Factors affecting the quality of patient experience were variable. This may reflect availability of resources. Standard pathways of care may enhance both the quality of treatment and patient experience.
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Calcium channels: the potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract
Introduction
Inflammatory bone resorption causes progressive joint destruction which ultimately leads to functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The primary cell responsible for bone resorption is the osteoclast, which means it is a potential therapeutic target against bone destruction. In fact, experimental and clinical findings suggest that blockade of osteoclast differentiation and function is highly effective in inhibiting bone destruction in RA.
Discussion and conclusion
In this report, we show several lines of experimental evidence which suggest that a variety of Ca2+ channels are essential in osteoclast differentiation and function, and present a hypothesis that modulation of Ca2+ channels is a highly effective therapeutic strategy in preventing osteoclast-induced structural damage in RA.
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Nonsurgical treatment of an epulis by photodynamic therapy
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
Author(s): Astrid Truschnegg, Margit Pichelmayer, Stephan Acham, Norbert Jakse
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Management of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: Propositions and challenges
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Journal of Clinical Virology
Author(s): Panpan Yi, Ruochan Chen, Yan Huang, Rong-Rong Zhou, Xue-Gong Fana
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection due to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) during perinatal period remains an important global health problem. Despite standard passive-active immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine in neonates, up to 9% of newborns still acquire HBV infection, especially these from hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive mothers. Management of HBV infection in pregnancy still need to draw careful attention because of some controversial aspects, including the failure of passive-active immunoprophylaxis in a fraction of newborns, the effect and necessity of periodical hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) injection to the mothers, the safety of antiviral prophylaxis with nucleoside/nucleotide analogs, the benefit of different delivery ways, and the safety of breastfeeding. In this review, we highlight these unsettled issues of preventive strategies in perinatal period, and we further aim to provide an optimal approach to the management of preventing MTCT of HBV infection.
Graphical abstract
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Description and analysis of clinical pathways for oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma, in 10 European countries (the EURECC A upper Gastro Intestinal Group – European Registration of Cancer Care)
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO)
Author(s): M. Messager, W. de Steur, P.G. Boelens, L.S. Jensen, C. Mariette, J.V. Reynolds, J. Osorio, M. Pera, J. Johansson, P. Kołodziejczyk, F. Roviello, G. De Manzoni, S.P. Mönig, W.H. Allum
AimsOutcomes for patients with oesophago-gastric cancer are variable across Europe. The reasons for this variability are not clear. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse clinical pathways to understand differences in service provision for oesophageal and gastric cancer in the countries participating in the EURECCA Upper GI group.MethodsA questionnaire was devised to assess clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment, pathology, follow-up and service frameworks across Europe for patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer. The questionnaire was issued to experts from 14 countries. The responses were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively and compared.ResultsThe response rate was (10/14) 71.4%. The approach to diagnosis was similar. Most countries established a diagnosis within 3 weeks of presentation. However, there were different approaches to staging with variable use of endoscopic ultrasound reflecting availability. There has been centralisation of treatments in most countries for oesophageal surgery. The most consistent area was the approach to pathology. There were variations in access to specialist nurse and dietitian support. Although most countries have multidisciplinary teams, their composition and frequency of meetings varied. The two main areas of significant difference were research and audit and overall service provision. Observations on service framework indicated that limited resources restricted many of the services.ConclusionThe principle approaches to diagnosis, treatment and pathology were similar. Factors affecting the quality of patient experience were variable. This may reflect availability of resources. Standard pathways of care may enhance both the quality of treatment and patient experience.
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Missouri WWII veteran says he was exposed to mustard gas – Virginian-Pilot
Missouri WWII veteran says he was exposed to mustard gas Virginian-Pilot Harrell, known as "Arlie," has been rejected three times by the Department of Veterans Affairs for claims to help treat a lung disorder and skin cancer that his family believes are connected to that exposure, The St. Louis Post-Dispatch reported (http … |
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Prevalence of Positive HIV, HBV, HCV and Treponemal Tests in Blood Donors in a Rural Hospital in Southern Ethiopia
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Journal of Clinical Virology
Author(s): José M. Ramos, Gabre Tissiano, Haji Fano, Tafese Yohannes, Ashenafi Gosa, Francisco Reyes, Miguel Górgolas, Pablo Barreiro
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Mutation in AIDS restriction gene affecting HIV infection and disease progression in a high risk group from Northeastern India
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Medical Journal Armed Forces India
Author(s): Partha Roy, Sekhar Chakrabarti
BackgroundHIV estimates for 2009 released by National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) reveals that 2.4 million people in India were living with HIV, 39% being female, 4.4% children and 82.4% adult males between the age group of 15 and 49 years. Persons with host genetic polymorphism CCR5Δ32 mutation are known to be partially or fully resistant to HIV infection. Persons with mutation affecting both the alleles (homozygous) are resistant to HIV infection whereas single allele (heterozygous) polymorphism leads to slower progression to AIDS. CCR5Δ32 mutation is commoner in Caucasians but less prevalent amongst Africans and Asians thereby rendering them susceptible to HIV infection.Method571 HIV serologically naive subjects from a young and homogenous male population hailing from the seven northeastern states; West Bengal and Gorkha people were selected. All the subjects belonged to a special high risk group, sexually active and typically working in difficult and uncongenial terrain involved in frequent moves including overseas missions. Their family lives are severely disrupted. 181 HIV seropositive cases of which 92 cases that were admitted in a large tertiary care hospital were also included. The distribution of CCR5Δ32 polymorphism amongst both HIV seronegative (HSN) and HIV seropositive study cohorts (HSP) using molecular methods was studied.Results and conclusionThere was failure to detect any CCR5Δ32 amongst this study group suggesting that this population from the northeastern India, West Bengal and Gorkha people are not protected by this specific host polymorphism in respect of acquisition of HIV infection as well as progression to AIDS.
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Synthesis of Keratin-based Nanofiber for Biomedical Engineering
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Evaluation of short message service and peer navigation to improve engagement in HIV care in South Africa: study protocol for a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial
Abstract
Background
In countries with a high burden of HIV, such as South Africa, where the epidemic remains the world's largest, improving early uptake of and consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy could bring substantial HIV prevention gains. However, patients are not linked to or retained in care at rates needed to curtail the epidemic. Two strategies that have demonstrated a potential to stem losses along the HIV care cascade in the sub-Saharan African context are use of text messaging or short message service (SMS) and peer-navigation services.
Methods/Design
We designed a cluster randomized trial to assess the efficacy of an SMS intervention and a peer-navigation intervention to improve retention in care and treatment, timely linkage to care and treatment, medication adherence, and prevention behaviors in South Africa. Eighteen primary and community healthcare clinics in Rustenburg and Moses Kotane Sub-districts in the North West Province were randomized to one of three conditions: SMS intervention (n = 7), peer navigation intervention (n = 7), or standard of care (n = 4). Approximately 42 participants are being recruited at each clinic, which will result in a target of 750 participants. Eligible participants include patients accessing HIV testing or care in a study clinic, recently diagnosed with HIV, aged 18 years or older, and with access to a cellular telephone where they are willing to receive automated SMS with HIV-related messaging. Data collection includes extraction of visit information from clinical files and participant surveys at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis will explore differences between randomization arms and the primary outcome of patient retention in care at 12 months following enrollment. We will also explore secondary outcomes including participants' a) timely linkage to care (within 3 months of HIV diagnosis), b) adherence to treatment based on self-report and clinic's medication dispensation dates, and c) condom-use behaviors.
Discussion
The findings will allow us to compare the efficacy of two complementary interventions, one that requires fewer resources to implement (SMS) and one (peer navigation) that offers more flexibility in terms of the patient barriers to care that it can address.
Trial registration
NCT02417233, registered 12 December 2014.
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Missouri WWII veteran says he was exposed to mustard gas – Virginian-Pilot
Missouri WWII veteran says he was exposed to mustard gas Virginian-Pilot Harrell, known as "Arlie," has been rejected three times by the Department of Veterans Affairs for claims to help treat a lung disorder and skin cancer that his family believes are connected to that exposure, The St. Louis Post-Dispatch reported (http … |
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Radiothérapie guidée par l’image pour les petits animaux : une nouvelle ère pour les études précliniques
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Cancer/Radiothérapie
Author(s): G. Delpon, A.-M. Frelin-Labalme, S. Heinrich, V. Beaudouin, C. Noblet, M. Begue, C. Le Deroff, F. Pouzoulet, S. Chiavassa
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Evaluation of short message service and peer navigation to improve engagement in HIV care in South Africa: study protocol for a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial
Abstract
Background
In countries with a high burden of HIV, such as South Africa, where the epidemic remains the world's largest, improving early uptake of and consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy could bring substantial HIV prevention gains. However, patients are not linked to or retained in care at rates needed to curtail the epidemic. Two strategies that have demonstrated a potential to stem losses along the HIV care cascade in the sub-Saharan African context are use of text messaging or short message service (SMS) and peer-navigation services.
Methods/Design
We designed a cluster randomized trial to assess the efficacy of an SMS intervention and a peer-navigation intervention to improve retention in care and treatment, timely linkage to care and treatment, medication adherence, and prevention behaviors in South Africa. Eighteen primary and community healthcare clinics in Rustenburg and Moses Kotane Sub-districts in the North West Province were randomized to one of three conditions: SMS intervention (n = 7), peer navigation intervention (n = 7), or standard of care (n = 4). Approximately 42 participants are being recruited at each clinic, which will result in a target of 750 participants. Eligible participants include patients accessing HIV testing or care in a study clinic, recently diagnosed with HIV, aged 18 years or older, and with access to a cellular telephone where they are willing to receive automated SMS with HIV-related messaging. Data collection includes extraction of visit information from clinical files and participant surveys at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis will explore differences between randomization arms and the primary outcome of patient retention in care at 12 months following enrollment. We will also explore secondary outcomes including participants' a) timely linkage to care (within 3 months of HIV diagnosis), b) adherence to treatment based on self-report and clinic's medication dispensation dates, and c) condom-use behaviors.
Discussion
The findings will allow us to compare the efficacy of two complementary interventions, one that requires fewer resources to implement (SMS) and one (peer navigation) that offers more flexibility in terms of the patient barriers to care that it can address.
Trial registration
NCT02417233, registered 12 December 2014.
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Evaluation of short message service and peer navigation to improve engagement in HIV care in South Africa: study protocol for a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial
Abstract
Background
In countries with a high burden of HIV, such as South Africa, where the epidemic remains the world's largest, improving early uptake of and consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy could bring substantial HIV prevention gains. However, patients are not linked to or retained in care at rates needed to curtail the epidemic. Two strategies that have demonstrated a potential to stem losses along the HIV care cascade in the sub-Saharan African context are use of text messaging or short message service (SMS) and peer-navigation services.
Methods/Design
We designed a cluster randomized trial to assess the efficacy of an SMS intervention and a peer-navigation intervention to improve retention in care and treatment, timely linkage to care and treatment, medication adherence, and prevention behaviors in South Africa. Eighteen primary and community healthcare clinics in Rustenburg and Moses Kotane Sub-districts in the North West Province were randomized to one of three conditions: SMS intervention (n = 7), peer navigation intervention (n = 7), or standard of care (n = 4). Approximately 42 participants are being recruited at each clinic, which will result in a target of 750 participants. Eligible participants include patients accessing HIV testing or care in a study clinic, recently diagnosed with HIV, aged 18 years or older, and with access to a cellular telephone where they are willing to receive automated SMS with HIV-related messaging. Data collection includes extraction of visit information from clinical files and participant surveys at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis will explore differences between randomization arms and the primary outcome of patient retention in care at 12 months following enrollment. We will also explore secondary outcomes including participants' a) timely linkage to care (within 3 months of HIV diagnosis), b) adherence to treatment based on self-report and clinic's medication dispensation dates, and c) condom-use behaviors.
Discussion
The findings will allow us to compare the efficacy of two complementary interventions, one that requires fewer resources to implement (SMS) and one (peer navigation) that offers more flexibility in terms of the patient barriers to care that it can address.
Trial registration
NCT02417233, registered 12 December 2014.
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The new issue is now available.Archives of Sandplay Therapy
Vol.27 No.3
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The new issue is now available.Archives of Sandplay Therapy
Vol.27 No.3
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The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Year 2016, Issue 01 -New Issue Alert.
From: order@email.oriprobe.com
Date: February 07, 2016 at 08:01AM
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Radiothérapie guidée par l’image pour les petits animaux : une nouvelle ère pour les études précliniques
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Cancer/Radiothérapie
Author(s): G. Delpon, A.-M. Frelin-Labalme, S. Heinrich, V. Beaudouin, C. Noblet, M. Begue, C. Le Deroff, F. Pouzoulet, S. Chiavassa
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FeedaMail: Microbiology via ola Kala on Inoreader
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A comparative hospital-based observational study of mono- and co-infections of malaria, dengue virus and scrub typhus causing acute undifferentiated fever AbstractPositive serology for dengue and/or scrub typhus infection with/without positive malarial smear (designated as mixed or co-infection) is being increasingly observed during epidemics of acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses (AUFIs). We planned to study the clinical and biochemical spectrum of co-infections with Plasmodium sp., dengue virus and scrub typhus and compare these with mono-infection by the same organisms. During the period from December 2012 to December 2013, all cases presenting with AUFIs to a single medical unit of a referral centre in Garhwal region of the north Indian state of Uttarakhand were retrospectively selected and categorised aetiologically as co-infections, malaria, dengue or scrub typhus. The groups thus created were compared in terms of demographic, clinical, biochemical and outcome parameters. The co-infection group (n = 49) was associated with milder clinical manifestations, fewer, milder and non-progressive organ dysfunction, and lesser need for intensive care, mechanical ventilation and dialysis as compared to mono-infections. When co-infections were sub-grouped and compared with the relevant mono-infections, there were differences in certain haematological and biochemical parameters; however, this difference did not translate into differential outcomes. Scrub typhus mono-infection was associated with severe disease in terms of both morbidity and mortality. Malaria, dengue and scrub typhus should be routinely tested in all patients with AUFIs. Co-infections, whether true or due to serological cross-reactivity, appear to be a separate entity so far as presentation and morbidity is concerned. Further insight is needed into the mechanism and identification of the protective infection. Read More »Real-world effectiveness of peginterferon α-2b plus ribavirin in a Canadian cohort of treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis C patients with genotypes 2 or 3: results of the PoWer and RediPEN studies AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to assess the real-life effectiveness of pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) α-2b with ribavirin (RBV) in a cohort of treatment-naïve patients with chronic genotypes 2 (G2) or 3 (G3) hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A post-hoc pooled analysis of two Canadian multicenter, observational studies, RediPEN and PoWer, was carried out. A total of 1242 G2- or G3-infected patients were included. The primary outcome was sustained virologic response (SVR). Secondary endpoints included early virologic response (EVR), end-of-treatment (EOT) response, and relapse. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of treatment response. SVR in G2 and G3 was 74.4 % and 63.6 %, respectively. Relapse occurred in 12.7 % and 19.1 % of G2- and G3-infected patients achieving EOT response, respectively. Overall, G3 was found to independently predict reduced SVR [odds ratio (OR) = 0.20; p = 0.007] and increased relapse (OR = 6.84; p = 0.022). Among G3-infected patients, increasing fibrosis score was the most important factor predicting reduced SVR [F2 vs. F0/F1 (OR = 0.41; p = 0.009); F3 vs. F0/F1 (OR = 0.72; p = 0.338); F4 vs. F0/F1 (OR = 0.27; p = 0.001)]. Male gender (OR = 13.16; p = 0.020) and higher fibrosis score [F2 vs. F0/F1 (OR = 9.72; p = 0.016); F3/F4 vs. F0/F1 (OR = 4.23; p = 0.113)] were associated with increased relapse in G3 patients. These results support the real-life effectiveness of peg-IFN α-2b plus ribavirin in HCV G2- and G3-infected patients. Overall, genotype was identified as the most significant predictor of treatment outcome. Fibrosis score and gender were key outcome predictors in the G3-infected population. In clinical settings, peg-INF/RBV offers an alternative for patients without access to all oral direct-acting antivirals. Read More » | ||||
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Polymerization stress evolution of a bulk-fill flowable composite under different compliances
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): Yongwen Guo, Forrest A. Landis, Zhengzhi Wang, Ding Bai, Li Jiang, Martin Y.M. Chiang
ObjectiveTo use a compliance-variable instrument to simultaneously measure and compare the polymerization stress (PS) evolution, degree of conversion (DC), and exotherm of a bulk-fill flowable composite to a packable composite.MethodsA bulk-fill flowable composite (Filtek Bulk-fill, FBF) and a conventional packable composite (Filtek Z250, Z250) purchased from 3M ESPE were investigated. The composites were studied using a cantilever-beam based instrument equipped with an in situ near infrared (NIR) spectrometer and a microprobe thermocouple. The measurements were carried out under various instrumental compliances (ranging from 0.3327μm/N to 12.3215μm/N) that are comparable to the compliances of clinically prepared tooth cavities. Correlations between the PS and temperature change as well as the DC were interpreted.ResultsThe maximum PS of both composites at 10min after irradiation decreased with the increase in the compliance of the cantilever beam. The FBF composite generated a lower final stress than the Z250 sample under instrumental compliances less than ca. 4μm/N; however, both materials generated statistically similar PS values at higher compliances. The reaction exotherm and the DC of both materials were found to be independent of compliance. The DC of the FBF sample was slightly higher than that of the packable Z250 composite while the peak exotherm of FBF was almost double that of the Z250 composite. For FBF, a characteristic drop in the PS was observed during the early stage of polymerization for all compliances studied which was not observed in the Z250 sample. This drop was shown to relate to the greater exotherm of the less-filled FBF sample relative to the Z250 composite.SignificanceWhile the composites with lower filler content (low viscosity) are generally considered to have lower PS than the conventional packable composites, a bulk-fill flowable composite was shown to produce lower PS under a lower compliance of constraint as would be experienced if the composite was used as the base material in clinical procedures.
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Sensitivity of future U.S. Water shortages to socioeconomic and climate drivers: a case study in Georgia using an integrated human-earth system modeling framework
Abstract
One of the most important interactions between humans and climate is in the demand and supply of water. Humans withdraw, use, and consume water and return waste water to the environment for a variety of socioeconomic purposes, including domestic, commercial, and industrial use, production of energy resources and cooling thermal-electric power plants, and growing food, fiber, and chemical feed stocks for human consumption. Uncertainties in the future human demand for water interact with future impacts of climatic change on water supplies to impinge on water management decisions at the international, national, regional, and local level, but until recently tools were not available to assess the uncertainties surrounding these decisions. This paper demonstrates the use of a multi-model framework in a structured sensitivity analysis to project and quantify the sensitivity of future deficits in surface water in the context of climate and socioeconomic change for all U.S. states and sub-basins. The framework treats all sources of water demand and supply consistently from the world to local level. The paper illustrates the capabilities of the framework with sample results for a river sub-basin in the U.S. state of Georgia.
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Polymerization stress evolution of a bulk-fill flowable composite under different compliances
Publication date: Available online 6 February 2016
Source:Dental Materials
Author(s): Yongwen Guo, Forrest A. Landis, Zhengzhi Wang, Ding Bai, Li Jiang, Martin Y.M. Chiang
ObjectiveTo use a compliance-variable instrument to simultaneously measure and compare the polymerization stress (PS) evolution, degree of conversion (DC), and exotherm of a bulk-fill flowable composite to a packable composite.MethodsA bulk-fill flowable composite (Filtek Bulk-fill, FBF) and a conventional packable composite (Filtek Z250, Z250) purchased from 3M ESPE were investigated. The composites were studied using a cantilever-beam based instrument equipped with an in situ near infrared (NIR) spectrometer and a microprobe thermocouple. The measurements were carried out under various instrumental compliances (ranging from 0.3327μm/N to 12.3215μm/N) that are comparable to the compliances of clinically prepared tooth cavities. Correlations between the PS and temperature change as well as the DC were interpreted.ResultsThe maximum PS of both composites at 10min after irradiation decreased with the increase in the compliance of the cantilever beam. The FBF composite generated a lower final stress than the Z250 sample under instrumental compliances less than ca. 4μm/N; however, both materials generated statistically similar PS values at higher compliances. The reaction exotherm and the DC of both materials were found to be independent of compliance. The DC of the FBF sample was slightly higher than that of the packable Z250 composite while the peak exotherm of FBF was almost double that of the Z250 composite. For FBF, a characteristic drop in the PS was observed during the early stage of polymerization for all compliances studied which was not observed in the Z250 sample. This drop was shown to relate to the greater exotherm of the less-filled FBF sample relative to the Z250 composite.SignificanceWhile the composites with lower filler content (low viscosity) are generally considered to have lower PS than the conventional packable composites, a bulk-fill flowable composite was shown to produce lower PS under a lower compliance of constraint as would be experienced if the composite was used as the base material in clinical procedures.
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The new issue is now available.Japanese Journal of Grassland Science
Vol.61 No.4
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The new issue is now available.JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Vol.104 No.7
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The new issue is now available.JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN
Vol.104 No.6
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The new issue is now available.Archives of Sandplay Therapy
Vol.27 No.3
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The new issue is now available.Archives of Sandplay Therapy
Vol.28 No.1
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Mismatch repair earns Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 to Paul Modrich for a biochemical tour de force
Publication date: January 2016
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 37
Author(s): Miroslav Radman
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A history of the DNA repair and mutagenesis field
Publication date: January 2016
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 37
Author(s): Errol C. Friedberg
This article reviews the early history of the discovery of an DNA repair pathway designated as base excision repair (BER), since in contrast to the enzyme-catalyzed removal of damaged bases from DNA as nucleotides [called nucleotide excision repair (NER)], BER involves the removal of damaged or inappropriate bases, such as the presence of uracil instead of thymine, from DNA as free bases.
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A Personal Tribute to 2015 Nobel Laureate Paul Modrich
Publication date: January 2016
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 37
Author(s): Guo-Min Li
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Mismatch repair earns Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 to Paul Modrich for a biochemical tour de force
Publication date: January 2016
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 37
Author(s): Miroslav Radman
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The new issue is now available.Archives of Sandplay Therapy
Vol.27 No.3
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Tomas Lindahl: 2015 Nobel Laureate
Publication date: January 2016
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 37
Author(s): Jeffrey H. Miller, Myron F. Goodman
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from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20PvZkO
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A Personal Tribute to 2015 Nobel Laureate Paul Modrich
Publication date: January 2016
Source:DNA Repair, Volume 37
Author(s): Guo-Min Li
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from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1L8YIIl
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from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PINv6T
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The new issue is now available.Archives of Sandplay Therapy
Vol.27 No.3
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The new issue is now available.The Japanese Journal of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders
The Japanese Journal of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders
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CLPTM1L polymorphism as a protective factor for lung cancer: a case–control study in southern Chinese popula tion
Abstract
Variants of the cleft lip and palate trans-membrane 1 like (CLPTM1L) gene, located on chromosome 5p15.33, were previously determined to influence lung cancer susceptibility. Here, we performed a case-control study to examine the potential association of CLPTM1L single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with lung cancer in a Chinese Han population. We selected four SNPs in the CLPTM1L gene that were previously reported to be associated with lung cancer. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of the relationship between each CLPTM1L SNP and lung cancer risk. Allelic model analysis revealed that the minor alleles of all four SNPs were significantly associated with decreased lung cancer risk. Similar significant results were detected using genetic model analysis. In addition, we observed a protective effect of haplotype "TT" in the CLPTM1L gene. Our results verified that certain CLPTM1L polymorphisms are protective factors against lung cancer in a southern Chinese Han population and may be potential diagnostic and molecular markers for lung cancer patients.
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