Head and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis: 02/16/16

Τρίτη 16 Φεβρουαρίου 2016

Primary high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma emerging from an adenomatous polyp in the setting of familial adenomatous polyposis

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a rare inherited syndrome that is characterised by innumerable adenomas of the colon and rectum, a high risk of colorectal cancer and a variety of extracolonic manifestations. FAP presents as hundreds to thousands of colonic adenomas beginning in adolescence. The syndrome is associated with less than 1% of all colorectal cancer cases, but there is a nearly 100% lifetime risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with FAP. This case demonstrates a 60-year-old man with FAP who developed high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma with glandular and squamous differentiation, and regional lymph node and liver metastases. Early diagnosis of FAP is of the utmost importance to start screening colonoscopies to assess disease burden, perform polypectomies and to make management decisions. Neuroendocrine carcinomas rarely occur in patients with FAP, and awareness of this association among general medical physicians and pathologists is essential for the diagnosis and care of these patients.

from Cases via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1POxOrl
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1KnkzRs
via IFTTT

Rivaroxaban and retropharyngeal haemorrhage

Haemorrhage is a well-known and accepted complication of anticoagulation. A retropharyngeal haemorrhage (RH) is a rare condition that without prompt recognition and management may result in fatal complications. We report a case of RH in a 67-year-old man anticoagulated with rivaroxaban for atrial fibrillation. The patient presented to the emergency department, with a two-day history of atraumatic right-sided neck swelling and associated progressive odynophagia, dysphagia and dysphonia. Rivaroxaban is a potent new oral anticoagulant that has been approved for use by National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) but still has no approved reversal agent. Despite its rarity, an RH is a potentially life threatening complication of anticoagulation that must be carefully considered. This is especially true for a drug that cannot be easily reversed. We present a discussion of this case presentation with possible differential diagnoses and a review of the literature, and recommend the use of Capp's triad as a diagnostic criterion.

from Cases via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Knf3OY
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1POC4al
via IFTTT

Abatacept for the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Abatacept for the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2016 Feb 15;

Authors: Pimentel-Quiroz VR, Alarcón GS, Ugarte-Gil MF

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Due to improvements in our understanding of the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), several target drugs have been and are being developed. One of the possible targets in SLE is co-stimulation between antigen-presenting cells and T cells. Abatacept is a co-stimulation moderator approved for the treatment of several autoimmune diseases. There is an unmet need for drugs with a better efficacy and safety profile when treating patients with SLE. Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the mechanism of action of abatacept including its role in the immune system and glomeruli, and relevant information about its clinical efficacy and safety. Possible explanations for the failure of previous randomized clinical trials are also discussed. Expert opinion: Abatacept has demonstrated efficacy in other autoimmune diseases, but in SLE, randomized clinical trials have failed to achieve their primary outcome. Despite these disappointing results and based on its mechanism of action, abatacept seems to have a role in lupus nephritis and arthritis. This should be corroborated with new trials which hopefully will overcome the design pitfalls of the ones conducted to date.

PMID: 26878310 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnMZ0i
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TldnXC
via IFTTT

Advances in Antiviral Therapies Targeting Toll-like Receptors.

Advances in Antiviral Therapies Targeting Toll-like Receptors.

Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2016 Feb 15;

Authors: Shah M, Anwar MA, Kim JH, Choi S

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Organisms have evolved a rapid and non-specific way to defend themselves via Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize specific signatures present on invading microbes and viruses. Once detected, these receptors flood the cell with cytokines and IFNs that not only help to eradicate the invading viruses but also activate the adaptive immune response. Owing to difficulties in viral detection, a whole class of TLRs is dedicated to sensing viral nucleic acids, while other TLRs detect viral coat proteins and aid in establishing antiviral immunity. To protect humans better, TLRs and their downstream mediators can be used as potential drug targets, which can be either activated or inhibited, to counter viral infections. Areas covered: The current review focuses on TLR-targeting investigational drugs developed to treat viral diseases and virus-induced complications. Expert opinion: TLRs are a good choice for eradicating viral infections because they can fine-tune the immune response. However, TLRs should be exploited carefully, as there have been instances where their activation has led to unwanted responses in terms of both immune and viral activation. Therefore, more focus should be placed on novel drugs that can induce significant and long-term immunity, while concomitantly alleviating side effects.

PMID: 26878224 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnN1p8
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdTVoS
via IFTTT

Strategies in early clinical development for the treatment of basic defects of cystic fibrosis.

Strategies in early clinical development for the treatment of basic defects of cystic fibrosis.

Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2016 Feb 15;

Authors: Dhooghe B, Haaf JB, Noel S, Leal T

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Twenty six years after the identification of the gene responsible for cystic fibrosis (CF), controversies still surround the pathogenesis of the disease that continues to burden and shorten lives. Therefore, finding effective therapeutic strategies that target the basic defect of CF is crucially needed. Areas covered: This review offers a comprehensive survey of fundamental therapies in early stages of development for the treatment of CF. The first part describes recent strategies targeting the basic defect either at the gene or at the transcript level. The second part summarizes a panel of novel strategies targeting protein repair. The third part reports strategies targeting non-CFTR channels. Expert opinion: Recent major breakthroughs in CF therapy have been made, raising hope to find a cure for CF. Apart from Vertex corrector and potentiator molecules (lumacaftor, ivacaftor, VX-661) and from ataluren, used to correct nonsense mutations, most compounds being currently tested are in very early (I-II) phases of development and definitive clinical results are keenly expected. Among the broad list of molecules and strategies being tested, the QR-010 compound and inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type 5 (sildenafil, vardenafil) could reveal a strong potentiality as therapeutic candidates to cure CF.

PMID: 26878157 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdSXsW
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1okqqNa
via IFTTT

Genomic and transcriptomic hallmarks of poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers.

Genomic and transcriptomic hallmarks of poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers.

J Clin Invest. 2016 Feb 15;

Authors: Landa I, Ibrahimpasic T, Boucai L, Sinha R, Knauf JA, Shah RH, Dogan S, Ricarte-Filho JC, Krishnamoorthy GP, Xu B, Schultz N, Berger MF, Sander C, Taylor BS, Ghossein R, Ganly I, Fagin JA

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) are rare and frequently lethal tumors that so far have not been subjected to comprehensive genetic characterization.
METHODS: We performed next-generation sequencing of 341 cancer genes from 117 patient-derived PDTCs and ATCs and analyzed the transcriptome of a representative subset of 37 tumors. Results were analyzed in the context of The Cancer Genome Atlas study (TCGA study) of papillary thyroid cancers (PTC).
RESULTS: Compared to PDTCs, ATCs had a greater mutation burden, including a higher frequency of mutations in TP53, TERT promoter, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway effectors, SWI/SNF subunits, and histone methyltransferases. BRAF and RAS were the predominant drivers and dictated distinct tropism for nodal versus distant metastases in PDTC. RAS and BRAF sharply distinguished between PDTCs defined by the Turin (PDTC-Turin) versus MSKCC (PDTC-MSK) criteria, respectively. Mutations of EIF1AX, a component of the translational preinitiation complex, were markedly enriched in PDTCs and ATCs and had a striking pattern of co-occurrence with RAS mutations. While TERT promoter mutations were rare and subclonal in PTCs, they were clonal and highly prevalent in advanced cancers. Application of the TCGA-derived BRAF-RAS score (a measure of MAPK transcriptional output) revealed a preserved relationship with BRAF/RAS mutation in PDTCs, whereas ATCs were BRAF-like irrespective of driver mutation.
CONCLUSIONS: These data support a model of tumorigenesis whereby PDTCs and ATCs arise from well-differentiated tumors through the accumulation of key additional genetic abnormalities, many of which have prognostic and possible therapeutic relevance. The widespread genomic disruptions in ATC compared with PDTC underscore their greater virulence and higher mortality.
FUNDING: This work was supported in part by NIH grants CA50706, CA72597, P50-CA72012, P30-CA008748, and 5T32-CA160001; the Lefkovsky Family Foundation; the Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering; the Byrne fund; and Cycle for Survival.

PMID: 26878173 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20BbgiT
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QiJNCX
via IFTTT

Roles for miR-375 in Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Tumor Suppression via Notch Pathway Suppression in Merkel Cell Carcinoma.

Roles for miR-375 in Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Tumor Suppression via Notch Pathway Suppression in Merkel Cell Carcinoma.

Am J Pathol. 2016 Feb 11;

Authors: Abraham KJ, Zhang X, Vidal R, Paré GC, Feilotter HE, Tron VA

Abstract
Dysfunction of key miRNA pathways regulating basic cellular processes is a common driver of many cancers. However, the biological roles and/or clinical applications of such pathways in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but lethal cutaneous neuroendocrine (NE) malignancy, have yet to be determined. Previous work has established that miR-375 is highly expressed in MCC tumors, but its biological role in MCC remains unknown. Herein, we show that elevated miR-375 expression is a specific feature of well-differentiated MCC cell lines that express NE markers. In contrast, miR-375 is strikingly down-regulated in highly aggressive, undifferentiated MCC cell lines. Enforced miR-375 expression in these cells induced NE differentiation, and opposed cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, and survival, pointing to tumor-suppressive roles for miR-375. Mechanistically, miR-375-driven phenotypes were caused by the direct post-transcriptional repression of multiple Notch pathway proteins (Notch 2 and RBPJ) linked to cancer and regulation of cell fate. Thus, we detail a novel molecular axis linking tumor-suppressive miR-375 and Notch with NE differentiation and cancer cell behavior in MCC. Our findings identify miR-375 as a putative regulator of NE differentiation, provide insight into the cell of origin of MCC, and suggest that miR-375 silencing may promote aggressive cancer cell behavior through Notch disinhibition.

PMID: 26877261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TlaUfH
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1okqpZv
via IFTTT

An integrated microfluidic chip for immunomagnetic detection and isolation of rare prostate cancer cells from blood.

An integrated microfluidic chip for immunomagnetic detection and isolation of rare prostate cancer cells from blood.

Biomed Microdevices. 2016 Feb;18(1):22

Authors: Esmaeilsabzali H, Beischlag TV, Cox ME, Dechev N, Parameswaran AM, Park EJ

Abstract
The quantitative and qualitative analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has the potential to improve the clinical management of several cancers, including prostate cancer. As such, there is much interest in the isolation of CTCs from the peripheral blood of cancer patients. We report the design, fabrication, and proof-of-principle testing of an integrated permalloy-based microfluidic chip for immunomagnetic isolation of blood-borne prostate cancer cells using an antibody targeting prostate surface membrane antigen (PSMA). The preliminary results using spiked blood samples indicate that the proposed device is consistently capable of isolating prostate cancer cells with high sensitivity (up to 98 %) at clinically relevant low concentrations (down to 20 cells/mL) and an acceptable throughput (100 μL/min).

PMID: 26876965 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20Bberd
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdTV8z
via IFTTT

Hidradenocarcinoma presenting as soft tissue mass: Case report with cytomorphologic description, histologic correlation, and differential diagnosis.

Hidradenocarcinoma presenting as soft tissue mass: Case report with cytomorphologic description, histologic correlation, and differential diagnosis.

Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Feb 15;

Authors: Jinnah AH, Emory CL, Mai NH, Bergman S, Salih ZT

Abstract
Hidradenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare adenexal tumor with a propensity for the head and neck region and extremities. We report a case of hidradenocarcinnoma in a 56-year-old woman with a mass on her right palm sampled by fine-needle aspiration and later confirmed on histological examination. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed a dual population of cells including polyhedral eosinophilic cells and glycogen containing cells with pale/clear cytoplasm. The nuclei were pleomorphic with prominent nucleoli. Occassional papillary structures were identified on the cell block material. A series of immunohistochemical stains were performed and an adnexal neoplasm was suggested. The mass was resected. On histologic sections, infiltration into the adjacent soft tissue was identified. After an additional series of immunohistochemical stains, the diagnosis was confirmed as a HAC. Herein, we present our findings and discuss the differential diagnoses. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 26876052 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20Bber7
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1okqr3z
via IFTTT

Gamma Heavy Chain Disease with T-cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Gamma Heavy Chain Disease with T-cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Intern Med. 2016;55(4):399-403

Authors: Iijima M, Sekiguchi N, Nagata A, Wagatsuma M, Midorikawa K, Kurimoto M, Noto S, Yamada K, Takezako N

Abstract
Gamma heavy chain disease (gHCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the production of a truncated immunoglobulin heavy chain. Although some cases of gHCD are concurrent with other lymphoid neoplasms, few have been reported. We herein present the case of a 73-year-old woman with gHCD and T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia. A multiparameter flow cytometry analysis revealed neoplastic cells that were positive for CD28, a marker of T-cell activation, the anti-apoptotic antigen of neoplastic plasma cells, CD38 and CD45. The results of this multiparameter flow cytometry analysis may contribute to furthering the understanding of the clinicopathological features of gHCD.

PMID: 26875967 [PubMed - in process]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnMYti
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QiJMiz
via IFTTT

Intussusception as clinical presentation of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the colon in a HIV-patient.

Intussusception as clinical presentation of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the colon in a HIV-patient.

Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2016 Feb 15;108

Authors: Corti M, Boschi A, Del Portillo Á, Méndez N, Campitelli A, Narbaitz M

Abstract
Intestinal intussusception rarely occurs in the adult population and accounts only for 1% to 5% of all the causes of intestinal obstruction. This complication is more frequent in the small bowel and can be due to different aetiologies, including inflammatory, infectious or neoplastic diseases. Malignancies account for 50% to 60% of all cases of colon invagination. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common site for extra-nodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), representing 5% to 20% of all the cases. However, primary NHL of the GI tract is a very infrequent clinic-pathological entity and accounts only for 1% to 4% of all the neoplasms of the GI tract. Primary NHL of the colon is a rare disease and it comprises only 0.2% to 1.2% of all colonic malignancies. Here we describe a case of an AIDS adult patient who developed an intussusception secondary to a primary large B cell lymphoma of the transverse colon. English and Spanish literature was reviewed.

PMID: 26875864 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20BbeaD
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1okqr3v
via IFTTT

Cytology of low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma in salivary glands: Cytological and immunohistochemical distinctions from other salivary gland neoplasms.

Cytology of low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma in salivary glands: Cytological and immunohistochemical distinctions from other salivary gland neoplasms.

Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Mar;44(3):241-5

Authors: Ohta Y, Hirota Y, Kohno Y, Kishimoto K, Norose T, Ohike N, Takimoto M, Shiokawa A, Ota H

Abstract
Low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma of the parotid gland is rare malignancy that is classified as a variant of cystadenocarcinoma. In routine cytologic slides from fine-needle aspiration of a parotid gland, we found several pseudopapillary clusters comprising mucus-producing cells. They included a few tumor cells having three-dimensional nuclear atypia and slight hyperchromatism, although most of the tumor cells showed bland nuclei. Our initial cytological diagnosis was: "Indeterminate. Uncertain whether cystadenocarcinoma or cystadenoma." The subsequent histological diagnosis was low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed diffuse and strong reactivity for S-100; tumor nests that were rimmed by p63(+) cells, which suggests intraductal proliferation. Here, we report cytomorphological findings of this case, and discuss cytological and immunohistochemical distinctions between low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma and other salivary gland tumors, including a review of the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:241-245. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 26875597 [PubMed - in process]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnN18p
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdTTgY
via IFTTT

Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck: poorer prognosis than non-head and neck sites.

Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck: poorer prognosis than non-head and neck sites.

J Laryngol Otol. 2016 Feb 15;:1-5

Authors: Morand GB, Madana J, Da Silva SD, Hier MP, Mlynarek AM, Black MJ

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive neurocutaneous malignancy. This study investigated whether patients with Merkel cell carcinoma in the head and neck had poorer outcomes than patients with Merkel cell carcinoma located elsewhere.
METHODS: A retrospective study was performed of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma treated at the Jewish General Hospital in Montréal, Canada, from 1993 to 2013. Associations between clinicopathological characteristics and disease-free and disease-specific survival rates were examined according to the Kaplan-Meier method.
RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients were identified. Although basic clinicopathological characteristics and treatments were similar between head and neck and non-head and neck Merkel cell carcinoma groups, disease-free and disease-specific survival rates were significantly lower in the head and neck Merkel cell carcinoma group (log-rank test; p = 0.043 and p = 0.001, respectively). Mortality was mainly due to distant metastasis.
CONCLUSION: Patients with head and neck Merkel cell carcinoma had poorer survival rates than patients with non-head and neck Merkel cell carcinoma in our study. The tendency to obtain close margins, a less predictable metastatic pattern, and/or intrinsic tumour factors related to the head and neck may explain this discrepancy.

PMID: 26875509 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnM4ND
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TldnH1
via IFTTT

A case of hairy cell leukemia variant.

A case of hairy cell leukemia variant.

Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(2):553-6

Authors: Găman AM, Dobrea CM, Găman MA

Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia variant (HCLv) is a rare B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorder with features of the classic HCL but presenting some particularities, a poor response to conventional therapy of classic HCL and a more aggressive course of disease with shorter survival than classic HCL. We present a case of a 52-year-old man hospitalized in July 2012 in the Clinic of Hematology of Craiova, Romania, having splenomegaly, leukocytosis with lymphocytosis, anemia and thrombocytopenia, without monocytopenia, which exposed, in the peripheral blood and bone marrow cells, intermediate morphology between hairy cells and prolymphocytes and immunophenotype of mature B-cell phenotype CD19, CD20, CD22, CD11c, CD103, low positive for CD25 and negative for CD3, diagnosed with HCL variant, with no response to conventional chemotherapy and interferon-alpha, an aggressive course of disease and a survival of less than a year from diagnosis.

PMID: 26193228 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20BbcQa
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1okqpsH
via IFTTT

Arteriovenous synovial hemangioma of the popliteal fossa diagnosed in an adolescent with history of unilateral congenital clubfoot: case report and a single-institution retrospective review.

Arteriovenous synovial hemangioma of the popliteal fossa diagnosed in an adolescent with history of unilateral congenital clubfoot: case report and a single-institution retrospective review.

Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(2):549-52

Authors: Derzsi Z, Gurzu S, Jung I, László I, Golea M, Nagy Ö, Pop TS

Abstract
Synovial hemangioma (SH) is a very rare soft tissue tumor; in our department, SH represented 0.07% from all soft tissue tumors (one case from 1311 soft tissue tumors), and 0.78% from all excised hemangiomas (one case from 128 hemangiomas) diagnosed over a five-year period. The aim of this paper was to present the clinicopathologic characteristics of hemangiomas and particularities of one SH of the popliteal fossa diagnosed in an athletic adolescent with previously corrected congenital clubfoot. To our knowledge, this is the 275 case of reported SH. A 13-year-old trick cyclist presented with two-year history of slowly growing mass of the left posterior fossa. The magnetic resonance imaging of the left knee showed a juxta-articular mass with intramuscular component. Open excision of the tumor and partial removal of the synovial membrane was the therapy of choice. Histopathological examination revealed clusters of large arteries and veins embedded in a fibrotic tissue, the tumor mass being lined by synovial membrane. Intramuscular growing was also confirmed. Without any other postoperative therapies, no recurrence or functional disorders were noted after 21 months of follow-up. SH of the knee should be excised as soon as possible to avoid complications such as muscle invasion and risk of recurrence.

PMID: 26193227 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20BbdDN
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TldnGR
via IFTTT

Incidental finding of a sclerosing hemangioma in a Caucasian woman.

Incidental finding of a sclerosing hemangioma in a Caucasian woman.

Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(2):545-8

Authors: Danciu M, Lunguleac T, Grigorescu C

Abstract
Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung is a rare and mostly benign lung tumor, which affects especially Asian middle-age women (median age of 48 years). We report the case of a 27-year-old woman in which, a premarital routine chest X-ray investigation revealed a 2 cm well-defined opaque nodule in the lower left pulmonary lobe, confirmed by CT scan. Microscopically, the surgically enucleoresected nodule was represented by a heterogenic tumor (papillary, solid, sclerotic, hemorrhagic patterns), containing two cell populations: cuboidal surface epithelial cells lining the papillary structures and round stromal cells in solid areas, with distinct immunoprofile and low mitotic activity, consistent with sclerosing hemangioma. This case is particular because, being rare in Caucasian persons, intraoperative diagnosis on frozen sections is extremely difficult, and routine histopathological diagnosis needs immunohistochemical tests to set the correct diagnosis, hence the correct therapeutic attitude.

PMID: 26193226 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20BbdDz
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QiJMis
via IFTTT

Papillary thyroid carcinoma with anaplastic dedifferentiation in the lymph node metastasis - a rare form of presentation even for a tall cell variant.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma with anaplastic dedifferentiation in the lymph node metastasis - a rare form of presentation even for a tall cell variant.

Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(2):527-31

Authors: Barbu CG, Florin A, Neamţu MC, Avramescu ET, Terzea D, Miron A, Dănciulescu Miulescu R, Poiană C, Fica S

Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is well known as a differentiated thyroid carcinoma with an established treatment protocol and high survival rates. Nevertheless, its tall cell variant (TCV) is more frequent diagnosed with larger tumor size, advanced age and metastasis comparing to other PTC cases, resembling an increased level of aggressiveness attributable to the histological subtype according to recent studies. We present the case of a 60-year-old woman who came for a recently increase of the thyroid and a left laterocervical mass associated with pain and alteration of general status. Thyroidectomy revealed a TCV of PTC with infiltration of the extrathyroid tissue. The laterocervical mass posed difficulties to surgical excision but in a second attempt proved to be an undifferentiated carcinoma. The findings were associated to a rapid deterioration of the patient's general condition finalized with death within less than three months from the initial presentation.

PMID: 26193223 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20BbczD
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1okqqN9
via IFTTT

Sellar Chondroma with Endocrine Dysfunction that Resolved after Surgery: Case Report.

Sellar Chondroma with Endocrine Dysfunction that Resolved after Surgery: Case Report.

J Nippon Med Sch. 2015;82(3):146-50

Authors: Hattori Y, Tahara S, Nakakuki T, Takei M, Ishii Y, Teramoto A, Morita A

Abstract
Chondromas originating from the sella turcica are rare, and the most common initial symptoms are headache and visual disturbance. We describe a case of sellar chondroma with endocrine impairment as an initial manifestation that completely resolved after surgery. A 40-year-old Japanese woman with amenorrhea and galactorrhea for the last 2 years was referred to our department of neurosurgery for the evaluation of high prolactin levels and a tumor in the sella turcica. A biochemical assessment indicated endocrine dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography indicated a tumor in the sella turcica. The patient's presentation favored the preoperative diagnosis of pituitary adenoma or Rathke's cleft cyst. However, because calcification was detected, other types of tumors, such as craniopharyngioma, meningioma, and chordoma, were also considered. Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery was performed, and the possibility of a bony tumor was recognized. Finally, the tumor was completely removed, and the histopathological findings confirmed chondroma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and endocrine function improved. Five years after surgery, the patient is doing well without pituitary insufficiency, pituitary hormone medications, or signs of tumor recurrence. In cases of sellar chondroma, endocrine dysfunction sometimes precedes other symptoms, such as headache and visual disturbance. When examining a patient with an intrasellar tumor harboring calcification, clinicians must consider the possibility of sellar chondroma. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this case is the first of sellar chondroma treated with endoscopic surgery to be reported.

PMID: 26156668 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnMXWc
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdTV8l
via IFTTT

Effects of emotional videos on postural control in children

Publication date: March 2016
Source:Gait & Posture, Volume 45
Author(s): Arthur de Freitas Brandão, Estelle Palluel, Isabelle Olivier, Vincent Nougier
The link between emotions and postural control has been rather unexplored in children. The objective of the present study was to establish whether the projection of pleasant and unpleasant videos with similar arousal would lead to specific postural responses such as postural freezing, aversive or appetitive behaviours as a function of age. We hypothesized that postural sway would similarly increase with the viewing of high arousal videos in children and adults, whatever the emotional context. 40 children participated in the study and were divided into two groups of age: group 7–9 years (n=23; mean age=8 years±0.7) and group 10–12 years (n=17; mean age=11 years±0.7). 19 adults (mean age=25.8 years±4.4) also took part in the experiment. They viewed emotional videos while standing still on a force platform. Centre of foot pressure (CoP) displacements were analysed. Antero-posterior, medio-lateral mean speed and sway path length increased similarly with the viewing of high arousal movies in the younger, older children, and adults. Our findings suggest that the development of postural control is not influenced by the maturation of the emotional processing.

from #Audiology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1oFVlE0
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tl0f4G
via IFTTT

Global Personal 3D Printer Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

Global Personal 3D Printer Industry 2016 and analysis by 2020 analyzed the world's main region market size, share, trends, conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, capacity utilization, supply, demand and industry growth rate etc. The report begins with a broad i...

from Infection via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnusBi
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBSEMG
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/216brEY
via IFTTT

Global CD Copying Machine Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

Global CD Copying Machine Industry 2016 and analysis by 2020 analyzed the world's main region market size, share, trends, conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, capacity utilization, supply, demand and industry growth rate etc. The report begins with a broad in...

from Infection via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1mELaOk
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBSC7n
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tl0cWs
via IFTTT

Global Copying Apparatus Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

Global Copying Apparatus Industry 2016 and analysis by 2020 analyzed the world's main region market size, share, trends, conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, capacity utilization, supply, demand and industry growth rate etc. The report begins with a broad int...

from Infection via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tnuucs
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuC2dk
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/216brEW
via IFTTT

Global DE-Demi Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

Global DE-Demi Industry 2016 and analysis by 2020 analyzed the world's main region market size, share, trends, conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, capacity utilization, supply, demand and industry growth rate etc. The report begins with a broad introduction ...

from Infection via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1mELaxW
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBSC7j
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tl0f4y
via IFTTT

Global Label printer Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

Global Label printer Industry 2016 and analysis by 2020 analyzed the world's main region market size, share, trends, conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, capacity utilization, supply, demand and industry growth rate etc. The report begins with a broad introdu...

from Infection via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TnutVY
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuBZyd
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/216bq3Z
via IFTTT

Ischemic postconditioning influences electron transport chain protein turnover in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts

Ischemia postconditioning (IPo) is a promising strategy in reducing myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury (MIRI), but its specific molecular mechanism is incompletely understood. Langendorff-perfused isolated rat hearts were subjected to global I/R and received IPo in the absence or presence of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD). Myocardial mitochondria were extracted and mitochondrial comparative proteomics was analyzed. IPo significantly reduces post-ischemic myocardial infarction and improved cardiac function in I/R rat hearts, while 5-HD basically cancelled IPo's myocardial protective effect. Joint application of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2DE) and MALDI-TOF MS identified eight differentially expressed proteins between groups. Expression of cardiac succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein subunit (SDHA) increased more than two-fold after I/R, while IPo led to overexpression of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (DLD), NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 1 and isoform CRA_b (NDUFV1). When the mitoKATP was blocked, MICOS complex subunit Mic60 (IMMT) and Stress-70 protein (Grp75) were over expressed, while DLDH, ATPase subunit A (ATPA) and rCG44606 were decreased. Seven of the differential proteins belong to electron transport chain (ETC) or metabolism regulating proteins, and five of them were induced by closing mitoKATP in I/R hearts. We thus conclude that IPo's myocardial protective effect relies on energy homeostasis regulation. DLD, SDHA, NDUFV1, Grp75, ATPA and rCG44606 may contribute to IPo's cardial protective effect.

from Biomedical Engineering via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdD1Ha
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdH46e
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tl0cGa
via IFTTT

A pan-cancer analysis of prognostic genes

Numerous studies have identified prognostic genes in individual cancers, but a thorough pan-cancer analysis has not been performed. In addition, previous studies have mostly used microarray data instead of RNA-SEQ, and have not published comprehensive lists of associations with survival. Using recently available RNA-SEQ and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas for 6,495 patients, we have investigated every annotated and expressed gene's association with survival across 16 cancer types. The most statistically significant harmful and protective genes were not shared across cancers, but were enriched in distinct gene sets which were shared across certain groups of cancers. These groups of cancers were independently recapitulated by both unsupervised clustering of Cox coefficients (a measure of association with survival) for individual genes, and for gene programs. This analysis has revealed unappreciated commonalities among cancers which may provide insights into cancer pathogenesis and rationales for co-opting treatments between cancers.

from Biomedical Engineering via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1U5dVkS
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1oG0hc7
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/216bq3V
via IFTTT

α-Phosphonovinyl Arylsulfonates: An Attractive Partner for the Synthesis of α-Substituted Vinylphosphonates through Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that a variety of α-phosphonovinyl arylsulfonates with electron-neutral, -donating, and -withdrawing groups on the phenyl ring could be conveniently and efficiently prepared. In the presence of a Pd(OAc)₂/SPhos-based catalyst, various organoboron compounds could be employed as the nucleophilic coupling partners, such as organoboronic acids, boronate esters, and organotrifluoroborates. The newly developed O-centered electrophiles could couple with a multitude of aryl, heteroaryl, and alkylboron reagents, to give α-substituted vinylphosphonates in moderate to excellent yields. Generally, the Suzuki reaction is tolerant of extensive substitution at the aromatic ring of both electrophilic and nucleophilic coupling partners. As in the case of the Suzuki reaction of 8-quinolineboronic acid, proper choice of α-phosphonovinyl arylsulfonates is critical to efficient coupling. Moreover, the prospect for application of this method to complex synthesis has been demonstrated through the coupling of estrone-derived arylborons. The present protocol also features mild conditions and high efficiency.

A new and attractive coupling partner for the synthesis of α-substituted vinylphosphonates through Suzuki reactions has been developed. The developed O-centered electrophiles couple with various organoboron reagents to give α-substituted vinylphosphonates in moderate to excellent yields. This protocol features broad substrate scope, mild conditions, and high efficiency.

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2474beo
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdH1Hq
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tl0eOc
via IFTTT

Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Promiscuous Lipase-Catalysed Aldol Reactions

Abstract

The application of deep eutectic solvents has been demonstrated for the first time in promiscuous lipase-catalysed aldol reactions. The model reaction between 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone was examined in depth, with excellent compatibility being found between porcine pancreas lipase and choline chloride/glycerol mixtures for the formation of the aldol product in high yields. The system was compatible with a series of aromatic aldehydes and ketones including acetone, cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone. In some cases, the corresponding α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds were found as minor products. Control experiments demonstrate that the enzymatic preparation was also responsible for a collateral dehydration reaction once the aldol product is formed.

Deep eutectic solvents are used for the first time in promiscuous lipase-catalysed aldol reactions. The reaction between substituted benzaldehydes and aliphatic ketones has excellent compatibility with porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) and choline chloride/glycerol mixtures and gives the aldol product in high yields. PPL was also responsible for a collateral dehydration reaction.

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1XuVx4N
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1RIS1U5
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tl0cG4
via IFTTT

Model Studies towards Functionalized Bisbenzannulated [5,6]-Spiroketals

Abstract

Following up on our previous model studies on the synthesis of simple bisbenzannulated [5,6]-spiroketals we here report the preparation of new examples of this entity with a variation in their substitution pattern. The regioselective introduction of functional groups in the C-3 or C-3′ positions (rubromycin numbering) may either take place prior to the spiroketalization by α-functionalizations of the ketone moiety of the precursor or in a subsequent step by the nucleophilic substitution of the benzylic hydroxy group of the previously described C-3-hydroxylated spiroketal. By applying these methods we could synthesize new methyl-substituted, hydroxylated, halogenated and amino-substituted bisbenzannulated [5,6]-spiroketals in good overall yields.

C-1 or C-3? By applying suitable methods new functionalized [5,6]-spiroketals were regioselectively generated as model compounds for rubromycin-type natural products.

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2474aY2
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBRMaV
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/216bq3N
via IFTTT

Experimental and Computational Study of Unique Tetranuclear µ3-Chloride and µ-Phenoxo/Chloro-Bridged Defective Dicubane Cobalt(II) Clusters

Abstract

Two tetranuclear Co^II clusters [Co₄(L)₂(µ₃-Cl)₂Cl₂] have been prepared by using multidentate diaminobisphenolate ligands. The solid-state structures of the complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cores of the cluster compounds can be defined as a two-vertex-deficient dicubane geometry (pseudo-dicubane). In the central unit, the cobalt(II) cations are linked through phenoxide oxygen (outer bridges) and chloride anions (inner bridges), previously unprecedented in this type of cobalt cluster. The magnetic properties were studied by both experimental and computational methods. By using a combination of techniques, we were able to determine the nature and strength of the intramolecular magnetic exchange coupling mediated by the different bridging fragments between the crystallographically different cobalt(II) cations.

Two unique mixed phenoxide/chloride-bridged Co₄ clusters have been prepared by using diaminobisphenolate ligands. The solid-state structures and magnetic-exchange interactions between the Co^II cations have been elucidated by using a combination of experimental and computational techniques.

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QFlXLS
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1RIS1U2
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Tl0cG2
via IFTTT

Global Personal 3D Printer Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBSEMG
via IFTTT

Global CD Copying Machine Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBSC7n
via IFTTT

Global Copying Apparatus Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuC2dk
via IFTTT

Global DE-Demi Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBSC7j
via IFTTT

Global Label printer Market 2016 Size, Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast to 2019

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuBZyd
via IFTTT

Ischemic postconditioning influences electron transport chain protein turnover in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdH46e
via IFTTT

A pan-cancer analysis of prognostic genes

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1oG0hc7
via IFTTT

α-Phosphonovinyl Arylsulfonates: An Attractive Partner for the Synthesis of α-Substituted Vinylphosphonates through Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki Reactions

Abstract

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2474beo
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1OdH1Hq
via IFTTT

Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Promiscuous Lipase-Catalysed Aldol Reactions

Abstract

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1XuVx4N
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1RIS1U5
via IFTTT

Model Studies towards Functionalized Bisbenzannulated [5,6]-Spiroketals

Abstract

C-1 or C-3? By applying suitable methods new functionalized [5,6]-spiroketals were regioselectively generated as model compounds for rubromycin-type natural products.

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2474aY2
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBRMaV
via IFTTT

Experimental and Computational Study of Unique Tetranuclear µ3-Chloride and µ-Phenoxo/Chloro-Bridged Defective Dicubane Cobalt(II) Clusters

Abstract

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QFlXLS
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1RIS1U2
via IFTTT

Diversity Oriented Synthesis of Allocolchicinoids with Fluoro and/or Oxygen Substituent(s) on the C-Ring from a Single Common Intermediate

Abstract

Allocolchicinoids, with a distinct polyoxygenated dibenzocycloheptane skeleton, attract much attention as potential candidate anticancer drugs. In this study, eight C-ring fluorinated analogues of allocolchicinoids, seven C-ring oxygen-substituted analogues, and known compounds N-acetylcolchinol and NSC 51046 were synthesized as racemates from a single common intermediate by using either the deoxyfluorination/migration domino reaction or acid-promoted migration as the key step. Among the products obtained, some of the fluorinated derivatives strongly inhibited the growth of prostate DU145 and pancreas Panc 1 cancer cell lines with efficacy comparable to or better than those of N-acetylcolchinol and NSC 51046. They were also less toxic against a non-cancerous cell line than the known compounds were.

Eight C-ring fluorinated analogues of allocolchicinoids, seven C-ring oxygen-substituted analogues, and known compounds N-acetylcolchinol and NSC 51046 were synthesized from a single common intermediate by using either the deoxyfluorination/migration domino reaction or acid-promoted migration as the key step. Some fluorinated compounds showed high cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells.

from BioChemistry via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1XuVx4L
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PBRMaS
via IFTTT

Computed tomography in trauma patients using iterative reconstruction: reducing radiation exposure without loss of image quality

Background

Rising numbers of computed tomography (CT) examinations worldwide have led to a focus on dose reduction in the latest developments in CT technology. Iterative reconstruction (IR) models bear the potential to effectively reduce dose while maintaining adequate image quality.

Purpose

To assess the impact of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) technique on dose reduction and image quality in a dedicated whole body CT (WBCT) protocol for trauma patients.

Material and Methods

A total of 122 subjects with multiple trauma was prospectively included in our study. Subjects who had to undergo a WBCT following a severe trauma were randomly assigned to two different groups: Group A was examined with an ASIR protocol for the body series (n = 64), group B (n = 58) was examined using a standard filtered back projection (FBP) protocol. Image quality was assessed both quantitatively by calculating signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) and qualitatively by two observers who evaluated image quality using a 5-point scale system. Applied dose was analyzed as CTDIvol (mGy), total DLP (mGyxcm), and effective dose (mSv).

Results

Applied dose for the body series in group A was about 23% lower than in group B (P < 0.05). SNR and CNRs for different tissues were not significantly different. Subjective image quality ratings were excellent and showed no significant difference, with a high inter-reader agreement.

Conclusion

ASIR contributes to a relevant dose reduction without any loss of image quality in a dedicated WBCT protocol for patients with multiple trauma.

from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PYqTPQ
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1KTzpzj
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Wp1HCz
via IFTTT

A comparison of liver fat content as determined by magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction and MRS versus liver histology in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Background

Many imaging methods have been defined for quantification of hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, studies comparing the efficiency of magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and liver histology for quantification of liver fat content are limited.

Purpose

To compare the efficiency of MRI-PDFF and MRS in the quantification of liver fat content in individuals with NAFLD.

Material and Methods

A total of 19 NAFLD patients underwent MRI-PDFF, MRS, and liver biopsy for quantification of liver fat content. The MR examinations were performed on a 1.5 HDx MRI system. The MRI protocol included T1-independent volumetric multi-echo gradient-echo imaging with T2* correction and spectral fat modeling and MRS with STEAM technique.

Results

A close correlation was observed between liver MRI-PDFF- and histology- determined steatosis (r = 0.743, P < 0.001) and between liver MRS- and histology-determined steatosis (r = 0.712, P < 0.001), with no superiority between them (ƶ = 0.19, P = 0.849). For quantification of hepatic steatosis, a high correlation was observed between the two MRI methods (r = 0.986, P < 0.001). MRI-PDFF and MRS accurately differentiated moderate/severe steatosis from mild/no hepatic steatosis (P = 0.007 and 0.013, respectively), with no superiority between them (AUCMRI-PDFF = 0.881 ± 0.0856 versus AUCMRS = 0.857 ± 0.0924, P = 0.461).

Conclusion

Both MRI-PDFF and MRS can be used for accurate quantification of hepatic steatosis.

from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1VjeR3C
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1R5URAr
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuAfFh
via IFTTT

Uterine cervical cancer volumetry using T2- and diffusion-weighted MR images in patients treated by primary surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Background

Tumor volumetry with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very common; however, the accuracy of such measures remains unclear, especially after treatment.

Purpose

To determine the accuracy of preoperative volume measurements of uterine cervical carcinomas resected with and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on T2-weighted (T2W) and diffusion-weighted (DWI) MRI.

Material and Methods

Twenty-nine consecutive patients with surgically confirmed uterine cervical carcinoma were included in this study. MRI scans were performed before preoperative treatment in 17 patients and after two courses of NAC in 12 patients. In all patients, T2W images and DWI were obtained to measure the tumor diameters. The maximum diameter of the surgical specimens was macroscopically measured. The correlation coefficients between the measured tumor size using T2W imaging and DWI and the size measured on the surgical specimens were calculated for all specimens.

Results

The correlation coefficient of the three-dimensional (3D) tumor volume measurement using T2W imaging and DWI was 0.97 in the primary surgery group and was 0.96 in the NAC group. The 3D tumor volume measurement using MRI and the measurement of the actual surgical specimen was 0.55 for T2WI and 0.48 for DWI in the primary surgery group and 0.88 for T2WI and 0.95 for DWI in the NAC group.

Conclusion

T2WI and DWI can provide accurate 3D tumor volume measurements of uterine cervical carcinomas in patients with and without preoperative chemotherapy, suggesting that tumor volumetry using 3 T MRI after uterus-preserving treatment is feasible.

from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PYqWeq
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Wp1KhE
via IFTTT

80-kVp CT angiography for endovascular aneurysm repair follow-up with halved contrast medium dose and preserved diagnostic quality

Background

Follow-up of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) with life-long computed tomography angiography (CTA) surveillance exposes patients with impaired renal function to repeated risks of contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CIN).

Purpose

To retrospectively compare vascular attenuation, image noise, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), subjective image quality and effective radiation dose (mSv) for CTA with a 16-multirow detector CT (MDCT) equipment at 80 kVp after EVAR using a contrast medium (CM) dose that is half of that used at 120 kVp.

Material and Methods

Forty patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <45 mL/min underwent 80-kVp CTA with 160 mg I/kg, and 40 patients with eGFR ≥45 mL/min 120-kVp CTA with 320 mg I/kg (maximum dose weight, 80 kg). Arterial phase analysis included vascular attenuation, image noise and CNR, and calculated effective dose. Subjective image quality was assessed on a 4-point scale by two blinded readers at three different levels as well as overall.

Results

Median values in the 80/120 kVp cohorts were: age, 74–75 years; body weight, 77/80 kg; BMI 24/27 kg/m2; CM dose, 13/25 gram-iodine; gram-iodine/GFR ratio, 0.35/0.38; mean aortic attenuation, 313/326 HU; image noise, 26/32 HU; CNR 10–11; subjective image quality score, 3.0–3.5 (Reader 1) and 3.0–3.3 (Reader 2); number of non-diagnostic examinations, 0/1; and effective dose, 4.5/5.1 mSv. There was no statistically significant difference in aortic CNR and effective dose between the 80 and 120 kVp cohorts.

Conclusion

80 kVp 16-MDCT with halved CM dose tailored to body weight for CTA follow-up of EVAR may provide satisfactory diagnostic results compared to common standards and be beneficial for patients at risk of CIN, though the present CT equipment may limit the use of the method to patients below 90 kg or with a BMI below 35 kg/m2.

from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PYqTiT
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1R5URAp
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuAi3Q
via IFTTT

Genes, Vol. 7, Pages 9: Impact of DCC (rs714) and PSCA (rs2294008 and rs2976392) Gene Polymorphism in Modulating Cancer Risk in Asian Population

Multiple studies have investigated the association of gene variant of Deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) and Prostate Stem cell antigen (PSCA) with various cancer susceptibility; however, the results are discrepant. Since SNPs are emerging as promising biomarker of cancer susceptibility, here, we aimed to execute a meta-analysis of DCC (rs714 A > G) and PSCA (rs2294008 C > T, rs2976392 G > A) polymorphism to demonstrate the more accurate strength of these associations. We followed a rigorous inclusion/exclusion criteria and calculated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall, the pooled analysis showed that the DCC rs714 conferred increased risk of cancer only in Asians (AA vs. GG: OR = 1.86, p ≤ 0.0001; AG vs. GG: OR = 1.43, p = 0.005; GA + AA vs. GG: OR = 1.66, p ≤ 0.0001; AA vs. GG + GA; OR = 1.52, p ≤ 0.004, A vs. G allele: OR = 1.41, p ≤ 0.0001). PSCA rs2294008 was associated with increased overall cancer risk (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.28, p = 0.002; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.21, p ≤ 0.0001; CT + TT vs. CC: OR = 1.24, p ≤ 0.0001; TT vs. CC + CT; OR = 1.17, p ≤ 0.005, T vs. C allele: OR = 1.16, p ≤ 0.0001); however, in stratified analysis this association was limited only to gastric and bladder cancer and the strength was more prominent in Asians. In contrast, the PSCA rs2976392 SNP did not modulate the cancer risk. Therefore, we concluded that rs714 and rs2294008 polymorphism may represent a potential genetic biomarker for cancer risk in Asians and gastric as well as bladder cancer, respectively. However, since our study is limited to Asians and cancer types, further larger studies involving other cancers and/or population, gene-environment interactions and the mechanism of DCC and PSCA gene deregulation are desired to define the role of genotype with overall cancer risk.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1ojYl8O
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1KTzsuR
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Wp1KhC
via IFTTT

‘Classic papers in this issue of Acta Radiologica

from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1VjeRAx
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuAfF7
via IFTTT

PPIP5K1 interacts with the exocyst complex through a C-terminal intrinsically disordered domain and regulates cell motility

Publication date: May 2016
Source:Cellular Signalling, Volume 28, Issue 5
Author(s): Gayane Machkalyan, Phan Trieu, Darlaine Pétrin, Terence E. Hébert, Gregory J. Miller
Cellular signaling involves coordinated regulation of many events. Scaffolding proteins are crucial regulators of cellular signaling, because they are able to affect numerous events by coordinating specific interactions among multiple protein partners in the same pathway. Scaffolding proteins often contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDR) that facilitate the formation and function of distinct protein complexes. We show that PPIP5K1 contains an unusually long and evolutionarily conserved IDR. To investigate the biological role(s) of this domain, we identified interacting proteins using affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry. Here, we report that PPIP5K1 is associated with a network of proteins that regulate vesicle-mediated transport. We further identified exocyst complex component 1 as a direct interactor with the IDR of PPIP5K1. Additionally, we report that knockdown of PPIP5K1 decreases motility of HeLa cells in a wound-healing assay. These results suggest that PPIP5K1 might play an important role in regulating function of exocyst complex in establishing cellular polarity and directional migration of cells.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via simeraentaxei on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2169po9
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1R5UTIv
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Wp1HCu
via IFTTT

Prediction of hard meningiomas: quantitative evaluation based on the magnetic resonance signal intensity

Background

From a surgical perspective, presurgical prediction of meningioma consistency is beneficial.

Purpose

To quantitatively analyze the correlation between the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity (SI) or apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and meningioma consistency and to determine which MR sequence could help predicting hard meningiomas.

Material and Methods

This study included 43 patients with meningiomas who underwent preoperative MR imaging (MRI), including T1-weighted (T1W) imaging, T2-weighted (T2W) imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), contrast-enhanced (CE)-T1W imaging, and CE-fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA). A neurosurgeon evaluated the tumor consistency using a visual analog scale (VAS) with the anchors "soft" (score = 0) and "hard" (score = 10). The SI ratio (tumor to cerebral cortex SI) and ADC value were compared with the tumor consistency. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for predicting hard meningiomas (VAS score ≥8; 9 of 43 patients) were calculated using cutoff values for the SI ratio that were obtained in a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

A significant negative correlation was observed between the tumor consistency and the SI ratio on T2W imaging, FLAIR, and CE-FIESTA (P < 0.05) but not on T1W imaging, CE-T1W imaging, and the ADC value. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for predicting hard meningiomas were 89%, 79%, and 81% with T2W imaging; 89%, 76%, and 79% with FLAIR; and 100%, 74%, and 79% with CE-FIESTA, respectively.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that a quantitative assessment using conventional T2W imaging or FLAIR may be a simple and useful method for predicting hard meningiomas.

from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PYqVXX
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1SuAfF3
via IFTTT

Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

! # Ola via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader

Η λίστα ιστολογίων μου

Τρίτη 16 Φεβρουαρίου 2016

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου