Cancerous and non-neoplastic stem cells in the stomach similarly express CD44 and CD133

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cancerous and non-neoplastic stem cells in the stomach similarly express CD44 and CD133 Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Sep 10;123(7):151787. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151787. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT CD44 and CD133 have been considered as cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. Stem cell markers are rarely described in healthy stomach tissues. However, the clinicopathological and prognostic value of CD44 and CD133 in gastric cancer remains controversial. This study investigated the expression of CD44 and CD133 in gastric cancer and non-neoplastic gastric mucosa. We used samples of primary gastric adenocarcinomas (n = 69), metastatic lymph nodes (n = 30), intestinal metaplasia (n = 17), and histologically normal gastric tissues of surgical margins (n = 54). The expression of CD44 and CD133 were studied in samples by immunohistochemistry. Fisher's exact test and a logistic regression model were used in this study. CD44 expression was observed in 12% of samples with intestinal metaplasia, 20% with lymph node metastases, 22% with normal mucosa, to 30% of samples with primary tumors. Most of these positive tumors showed immunostaining in less than 4% of cancerous cells, mainly in the diffuse type. CD133 expression was observed in 7% (intestinal metaplasia) to 46% (normal mucosa). In the positive cases of cancer (24%), in most of them, less than 3% of cells were marked. CD44 and CD133 expression in the histologically normal gastric mucosa was restricted to the deeper regions of the gastric crypts at the level where stem cells and progenitor cells are usu ally found. CD44 and CD133 expression occurs in few gastric cancer cells, mainly in diffuse carcinomas, and are expressed in histologically normal gastric mucosae. None of the markers are specific for cancer and are also present in intestinal metaplasia and the normal mucosa. PMID:34517259 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151787 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The influence of age on the anatomical variability of sciatic nerve divisions in the thigh: an ultrasound study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The influence of age on the anatomical variability of sciatic nerve divisions in the thigh: an ultrasound study Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Sep 13. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02824-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The Sciatic Nerve Division (SND) into the Common Peroneal Nerve and Tibial Nerve presents a great anatomical variability in its location in the thigh, but the influence of age on it has not been fully addressed. METHODS: Anatomical distances from greater trochanter to SND and from SND to popliteal crease were obtained by ultrasound examination in 60 children (age 1- 12 years) and 60 adult patients (age 13-80 years) who were scheduled for programmed surgery. A sciatic nerve/thigh coefficient [Greater Trochanter-SND/(Greater Trochanter-popliteal crease)*100] and its coefficient of variation (standard deviation/mean*100) were calculated. Greater Trochanter-SND and SND-Popliteal crease were also correlated with patients´ age, weight and height. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between children and adult in Greater Trochanter-SND (20.5 ± 5,5 vs 33.9 ± 2.7; p < 0.0001) and in SND-Popliteal (4.9 ± 2.1 vs 6.7 ± 1.6; p < 0.0001) distances measured in cm. There were also statistically significant differences between children and adults in Sciatic nerve/thigh coefficient (80% vs 83%; p < 0.0001) and its index of variation (8.1% vs 4.8%; p < 0.0001). In children, both Greater Trochanter-SND and SND-Popliteal distances were strongly correlated with age (r2 = 0.868 and r2 = 0.261, respectively; p < 0.0001), weight (r2 = 0.778 and r2 = 0.278, respectively; p < 0.0001) and height (r2 = 0.898 and r2 = 0.225, respectively; p < 0.0001). However, in older patients, only Greater Trochanter-SND distance was statistically correlated with height (r2 = 0.372; p = 0.0001) and not with age or weight; SND-Popliteal distance did not show statistically relevant correlation, either. CONCLUSION: Children presented even more anatomical variability than adults in sciatic nerve division due to the growth of both the proximal and distal nervous structures of the thigh before 12 years of age. PMID:34515831 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021 -02824-4 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Post-dural puncture pseudomeningocele ('arachnoid bleb'): An underrecognized etiology of spontaneous intracranial hypotension symptomatology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Post-dural puncture pseudomeningocele ("arachnoid bleb"): An underrecognized etiology of spontaneous intracranial hypotension symptomatology Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Clin Imaging. 2021 Sep 7;80:377-381. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.08.023. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an important secondary cause of a persistent headache syndrome, classically presenting as sudden onset debilitating positional headaches related to reduced intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume. Current understanding of SIH pathogenesis recognizes three underlying etiologies: dural tear, meningeal diverticulum, and CSF-venous fistula, with a fourth broad category of indeterminate/unknown etiologies. Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a well-known and common complication of dural puncture, typically remitting spontaneously within two weeks of onset or with autologous epidural blood patch, though with some patients developing complex and difficult to manage chronic PDPH. Herein, we present a case of chronic PDPH resulting in SIH symptomatology secondary to a post-dural puncture pseud omeningocele, or "arachnoid bleb," successfully treated with curative surgical intervention. Increasing awareness of additional potential etiologies of SIH symptomatology will allow for improved detection for targeted definitive therapy, ultimately improving patient outcomes including quality of life in this debilitating and difficult to manage secondary headache syndrome. PMID:34517304 | DOI:10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.08.023 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Tracheoesophageal fistula and pharyngoesophageal stenosis repair by double skin paddle radial forearm flap

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Tracheoesophageal fistula and pharyngoesophageal stenosis repair by double skin paddle radial forearm flap Via European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases Publication date: Available online 14 September 2021 Source: European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases Author(s): V. Poissonnet, D. Culie, C. Rouanet, A. Bozec View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparing the efficacy of peritonsillar injection of bupivacaine and intravenous acetaminophen on post-tonsillectomy pain in children

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparing the efficacy of peritonsillar injection of bupivacaine and intravenous acetaminophen on post-tonsillectomy pain in children Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07049-0. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: In this study we aimed to compare the efficacy of peritonsillar injection of bupivacaine and intravenous acetaminophen on post-tonsillectomy pain in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized double-blind clinical trial study 60 children with ASA = I-II aged 5-12 years undergoing tonsillectomy were involved. The first group received bupivacaine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg that was injected into the bed and the anterior crease of each tonsil. The second group was given intravenous acetaminophen at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg. The patient's pain score at 10, 30, 60 min after his/her admission to recovery room and 120, 240 and 360 min after the surgery was recorded using CHEOPS. Patient's sedation score, nausea or vomiting, the time of the first request for analgesia and the time of starting oral feeding were recorded and analyzed too. RESULTS: There was no significant differences in mean age (p value = 0.44), gender (p value = 0.79), weight (p value = 0.36), height (p value = 0.17), anesthesia duration (p.value = 0.85) and surgery duration (p.value = 0.73) between two groups. Postoperative pain was significantly less in the bupivacaine group at 240 and 360 min after the surgery. The mean sedation score was higher in the bupivacaine group but not significantly. There was no significant difference between groups regarding the nausea and vomiting, the first analgesics request time and the start time of oral feeding. CONCLUSION: According to the results of the present study, since administration of peritonsillar bupivacaine compared to acetaminophen had a better effect on managing postoperative pain and improving sedation and also since no complications were reported; therefore, peritonsillar infiltration with bupivacaine is suggested for pediatric tonsillectomy. PMID:34518906 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07049-0 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Positionspapier: Hinweise zur Patienteninformation und -aufklärung vor Anwendung von Biologika bei chronischer Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen (CRSwNP) – Teil 2: Omalizumab – Empfehlungen des Ärzteverbandes Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie (DGHNOKHC)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Positionspapier: Hinweise zur Patienteninformation und -aufklärung vor Anwendung von Biologika bei chronischer Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen (CRSwNP) – Teil 2: Omalizumab – Empfehlungen des Ärzteverbandes Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie (DGHNOKHC) Via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1592-0316 Hintergrund Die chronische Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen (CRSwNP) ist eine multifaktorielle entzündliche Erkrankung, oftmals auf der Grundlage einer Typ-2-Inflammation. Für die Behandlung von Patienten mit einer schweren Ausprägung ohne ausreichendes Ansprechen auf die Standardtherapie mit topischen nasalen Steroiden und/oder Zustand nach endonasaler Operation sind als Biologika aktuell Dupilumab und Omalizumab für die Therapie zugelassen. Nachdem wir in einer früheren Publikation für Dupilumab bereits entsprechende Hinweise gegeben haben, ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit die Standardisierung von Patienteninformation und -aufklärung vor einer Therapie mit Omalizumab. Methoden Auf Grundlage des aktuellen Wissensstandes zur Immunologie der CRSwNP und zu den erwünschten und möglichen unerwünschten Wirkungen von Omalizumab werden Empfehlungen für die Patienteninformation entwickelt. Ergebnisse Basierend auf der internationalen Literatur, der aktuellen Fachinformation und Erfahrungen aus der praktischen Anwendung und den derzeitigen Pharmakovigilanz-Daten hat ein Expertengremium Empfehlungen für die Patienteninformation und -aufklärung zur Anwendung von Omalizumab bei CRSwNP entwickelt und auf dieser Grundlage einen Patienteninformations- und Aufklärungsbogen erstellt. Schlussfolgerung Die Information und Einwilligung des Patienten wird vor der Verordnung bzw. Verabreichung von allen Biologika, damit auch Omalizumab, empfohlen. Das vorliegende Positionspapier enthält wichtige Informationen zur praktischen Umsetzung und einen Vorschlag für eine Patienteninformation. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The impact of comorbid allergic airway disease on the severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The impact of comorbid allergic airway disease on the severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 14. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07072-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To analyze the impact of AAD on the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients and compare clinical outcomes between patients with and without AAD. METHODS: In the systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science for studies reporting allergic rhinitis, asthma prevalence in COVID-19 patients and compared clinical outcomes, and excluded duplicate publications, reviews, comments, single or few cases reports (< 100 cases). We determined the pooled effect estimates using random effect model. RESULTS: Thirty-four studies (345,091) were finally included for the meta-analysis. On the basis of 32 studies (337,821) involving with the severity of COVID-19, we did not find significant association between AAD and the severity of COVID-19 (p = 0.35, OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.90-1.35). Subgroup anal ysis indicated there was no the variability in the prevalence of AAD among COVID-19 patients in different study designs, disease categories, countries, the definition of severity, and population size of AAD. Based on 21 studies (306,331) involving with the mortality of COVID-19, AAD was significantly associated with the decreased mortality of COVID-19 (p < 0.05, OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70-0.99). The subgroup analysis showed AAD was not associated with the mortality of COVID-19 in different countries or regions. Based on the population size of AAD, we found AAD within 100 cases was not associated with the mortality of COVID-19 (p = 0.63, OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.65-2.03). Moreover, study design was possible heterogeneity source as the heterogeneity I2 was reduced to 0 in prospective studies. CONCLUSION: The preexisting AAD was not inclined to deteriorate the course of COVID-19. The prevalence of AAD was not associated with the severity of COVD-19 patients and inclined to be si gnificantly associated with the decreased mortality risk of COVID-19. PMID:34519838 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07072-1 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Outcome for sinonasal malignancies: a population-based survey

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Outcome for sinonasal malignancies: a population-based survey Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 12. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07057-0. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Sinonasal malignancies (SNM) represent a rare and complex group of cancers that includes a wide range of histopathological subtypes. Data from population-based cohorts are scarce but warranted as a basis for randomized controlled treatment trials (RCTs). Our aim was to assess overall and histology subset-specific outcomes for SNM patients treated at a tertiary referral centre. METHODS: A retrospective, population-based, consecutive cohort of patients with SNMs diagnosed from 2001 through 2019 was examined. Outcome was analysed in relation to age, gender, site, stage, histopathology, and treatment. RESULTS: Two-hundred and twenty-six patients were identified, whereof 61% presented with stage IV disease. 80% completed treatment with curative intent, which comprised surgery with neoadjuvant (29%) or adjuvant (37%) radiotherapy, monotherapy with surgery (22%), definitive chemoradiotherapy (7%), or radiotherapy (5%). Median follow-up was 106 months. The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 57% and 35%, respectively. Median overall survival was 76 months (esthesioneuroblastoma: 147 months; adenocarcinoma: 117; salivary carcinoma: 88; mucosal melanoma: 69; squamous cell carcinoma: 51, undifferentiated carcinoma: 42; neuroendocrine carcinoma: 9; and NUT-carcinoma 5). The 5- and 10-year disease-free survival rates were 63% and 54%, respectively, and disease-specific survival 83% and 66%. Increasing age, stage IVB, melanoma histopathology, and treatment with definitive chemoradiotherapy emerged as significant independent prognostic risk factors for disease-specific mortality (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate a seemingly good outcome in comparison to previous reports, particularly for mucosal melanoma, adenocarcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma. The study provides additi onal background for future RCTs focusing on histology subset-specific treatment for SNM. PMID:34510258 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07057-0 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The prognostic value of before treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The prognostic value of before treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 12. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07070-3. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the prognostic significance of inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, dNLR, PLR and LMR) in NPC patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 111 NPC patients from January 2013 and December 2016. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the cut-off values of these inflammatory biomarkers. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression model were used to evaluate the association between these parameters and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: The optimal critical value of NLR was 2.02, by which cases were divided into high NLR group (NLR ≥ 2.02) and low NLR group (NLR < 2.02). The elevated NLR was significantly associated with decreased OS (P = 0.009) and remained significant in multivariate analysi s (HR 8.48, 95% CI 1.69-42.46, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The before treatment NLR may be an independent prognostic biomarker for OS in patients with NPC. NLR, dNLR and PLR might be a useful complement to TNM staging in the prognosis evaluation of NPC patients. PMID:34510259 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07070-3 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Predicting Need for Surgery in Recurrent Laryngotracheal Stenosis Using Changes in Spirometry

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Predicting Need for Surgery in Recurrent Laryngotracheal Stenosis Using Changes in Spirometry Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis We sought to identify changes that occur in spirometric values between surgical interventions in patients with recurrent laryngotracheal stenosis and assess the utility of tracking those changes in predicting the need to return to surgery. Methods This is a retrospective, case-control study of laryngotracheal stenosis. Charts from a 10 year period were reviewed, and 80 patients were identified with recurrent laryngotracheal stenosis and serial spirometry. Recorded forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced inspiratory volume in 1 second (FIV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and peak inspiratory flow (PIF), and body mass index (BMI) were tabulated. Calculations were then performed to determine deviations in spirometric measurements from maximums. Comparing the patients who required intervention to those who did not, we used a regression analysis to generate a decision tree based on factors with the strongest predictive power. We then calculated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for all calculated variables. Results Deviations in PEF, PIF, and FIV1 from each patient's maximums had strong predictive power in determining return to surgery. PIF was the only fixed measurement found to have a statistically significant role in predicting return to surgery. BMI did not play a role. Conclusion For each patient, the deviation from their overall spirometric maximums had the statistically strongest predictive power in determining need to return to surgery. This suggests the importance of the trends in spirometric measures for each individual, and implies these trends have greater import than fixed measures alone. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 131:2199–2203, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Influences of GABAergic Inhibition in the Dorsal Medulla on Contralateral Swallowing Neurons in Rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Influences of GABAergic Inhibition in the Dorsal Medulla on Contralateral Swallowing Neurons in Rats Via The Laryngoscope Objectives We aimed to examine the effect of unilateral inhibition of the medullary dorsal swallowing networks on the activities of swallowing-related cranial motor nerves and swallowing interneurons. Methods In 25 juvenile rats, we recorded bilateral vagal nerve activity (VNA) as well as unilateral phrenic and hypoglossal activity (HNA) during fictive swallowing elicited by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve during control and following microinjection of the GABA agonist muscimol into the caudal dorsal medulla oblongata in a perfused brainstem preparation. In 20 animals, swallowing interneurons contralateral to the muscimol injection side were simultaneously recorded extracellularly and their firing rates were analyzed during swallowing. Results Integrated VNA and HNA to the injection side decreased to 49.0 ± 16.6% and 32.3 ± 17.9%, respectively. However, the VNA on the uninjected side showed little change after muscimol injection. Following local inhibition, 11 out of 20 contralateral swallowing interneurons showed either increased or decreased of their respective firing discharge during evoked-swallowing, while no significant changes in activity were observed in the remaining nine neurons. Conclusion The neuronal networks underlying the swallowing pattern generation in the dorsal medulla mediate the ipsilateral motor outputs and modulate the contralateral activity of swallowing interneurons, suggesting that the bilateral coordination of the swallowing central pattern generator regulates the spatiotemporal organization of pharyngeal swallowing movements. Level of Evidence NA Laryngoscope, 131:2187–2198, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.