Background: Intermittent explosive disease (IED) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by intermittent attacks of rage and violence frequently resistant to pharmacological therapy. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the posteromedial hypothalamus has been applied with fair results and clinical improvement with some surgical morbidity due to neurovegetative side effects. The anterior limb of the internal capsule/ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS) has never been used alone as a target for this disease. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of bilateral DBS of the VC/VS for the treatment of IED. Methods: We performed bilateral DBS of the VC/VS in a 21-year-old patient with IED. This young man had a traumatic birth complicated by hypoxia, and he showed a mild mental impairment. Different pharmacological treatments were carried out with no results before DBS was proposed to the patient's relatives after multidisciplinary approval. Results: After 22 months of high-frequency monopolar bilateral DBS of the VC/VS, the patient showed a significant improvement. Postoperative 18F-FDG PET-CT studies ruled out a reduction of the hypermetabolic areas located in the limbic system previously detected in pre-operative investigations. Conclusions: Bilateral DBS of the VC/VS may be considered for the treatment of IED without the risk of neurovegetative side effects.
Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2016;94:371-378
http://ift.tt/2eUc4Qf
Δευτέρα 31 Οκτωβρίου 2016
Geometric morphometrics of different malocclusions in lateral skull radiographs
Abstract
Background
To evaluate the role of craniofacial shape in malocclusion by application of geometric morphometrics to a set of two-dimensional landmarks and semilandmarks obtained from lateral skull radiographs.
Methods
Cephalometric radiograph tracings of 88 untreated Caucasians (age range 7–39 years) were assigned to four groups according to their occlusion: neutrocclusion, distocclusion, mesiocclusion, and anterior open bite. The geometric morphometric shape analysis incorporated 66 landmarks and semilandmarks, which underwent generalized Procrustes analysis, between-groups principal component analysis, thin-plate spline deformation grid visualization, permutation tests, and receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results
The position and shape of the mandible contributed to differences between the distocclusion and mesiocclusion groups, whereas the maxillary shape showed less variation. The growth-related shape alteration during adolescence was most pronounced in the mesiocclusion group and least pronounced in the neutrocclusion group. The open bite group was associated with an altered orientation of the mandibular body and the maxilla, showed the most hyperdivergent maxillomandibular pattern but was not an own skeletal entity. Despite clear differences in mean shape across the four groups, the individual distribution of craniofacial shape overlapped between the groups without discrete clusters.
Conclusions
Craniofacial shape was clearly associated with dental malocclusion and showed considerable variation. Geometric morphometrics was a powerful research tool but for diagnosing individual malocclusion standard cephalometric measurements including overjet and overbite were equally or more efficient than geometric morphometric descriptors.
http://ift.tt/2f0YnSn
Stage-specific Embryonic Antigen-4 (SSEA-4) as a novel marker of ductal cells of human eccrine sweat glands
Summary
Background
Different populations of unipotent or multipotent stem cells were identified in human epidermis and its appendages. It is well documented that these cells maintain tissue homeostasis and actively participate in epidermal regeneration after injury. However, there is no evidence of the presence of pluripotent stem cells in human epidermis.
Objective
In this study, we investigated whether cells positive for embryonic stem cell marker SSEA-4 are present in adult human epidermis and if so, whether they are pluripotent and may correspond to the population of primitive stem cells.
Methods
The expression of SSEA-4 antigen and pluripotency transcription factors were analysed using flow cytometry. By means of immunohistochemical staining, we studied the exact localization of these cells in human skin sections.
Results
We show that a population of SSEA-4+ cells is present in human epidermis. In contrast to a commonly accepted belief, the expression of SSEA-4 antigen is not connected with the pluripotent character of the isolated cells. We found that these SSEA-4+ cells are localized in the ducts of eccrine sweat glands.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that the SSEA-4 antigen is a novel marker identifying the ductal cells of human sweat glands. The surface character of the antigen provides for simple method of isolation of this cell population and suggests the application of SSEA-4 for future cell therapy research.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2f0Zxx6
DOMINO, doxycycline 40mg vs minocycline 100mg in the treatment of rosacea: a randomised, single blinded, non-inferiority trial, comparing efficacy and safety
Summary
Background
There is lack of evidence for minocycline in the treatment of rosacea.
Objectives
To compare the efficacy and safety of doxycycline 40mg versus minocycline 100mg in papulopustular rosacea.
Methods
In this randomised single centre, 1:1 allocation, assessor blinded, non-inferiority trial, patients with a mild to severe papulopustular rosacea, were randomly allocated to either oral doxycycline 40mg or minocycline 100mg for a 16-week period with 12 weeks of follow up.
Our primary outcomes were the change in lesion count and change in patient's Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL): RosaQoL scores.
Our secondary outcomes were: Patient's Global Assessment (PaGA) success ("excellent" or "good" improvement), Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) success ("clear" or "near clear"), Clinicians Erythema Assessment (CEA) success (at least one point decrease), the relapse rate at follow up and safety profile of the treatment drugs.
Intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol analyses (PPA) were performed.
Results
Of the 80 patients randomised, (40 for minocycline and 40 for doxycycline) 71 patients were treated for 16 weeks. 68 patients completed the study.
At week 16, the median change in lesion count was comparable in both groups: doxycycline versus minocycline respectively 13 versus 14 lesions less. (Non-inferiority difference 3, 90% Confidence interval (CI) -2 to 8). The RosaQoL scores were decreased for both doxycycline and minocycline, respectively 0.62 and 0.86. (Non-inferiority difference 0.15, 90% CI -0.09 to 0.42).
Secondary outcomes were comparable except for IGA success, which was assessed significantly more often in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group (respectively 60% and 17.5%; p<0.001).
At week 28, outcomes were comparable, except for RosaQoL scores and PaGA, which were significantly different in favour of minocycline (P=0.005 and P=0.043 respectively), and less relapses were recorded in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group (respectively 6.7% and 48%; p<0.001). In this study no serious adverse reactions (SAEs) were reported.
Conclusions
Minocycline 100mg is non-inferior to doxycycline 40mg in efficacy over a 16- week treatment period. Furthermore, at follow up, RosaQoL scores and PaGA were statistically significantly more improved in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group, and minocycline 100mg gives longer remission than doxycycline 40mg. In this study there was no significant difference in safety between these treatments, however, based on previous literature minocycline has a lower risk/benefit ratio than doxycycline. Minocycline 100mg may be a good alternative treatment for those patients who, for any reason, are unable or unwilling to take doxycycline 40mg.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2eU3SPQ
The expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes is increased by calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 or retinoic acid
Summary
Background
In the human skin, the serine proteases kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK) 5 and KLK7 degrade corneodesmosome proteins, which leads to desquamation. The serine protease activity of the skin is tightly regulated by the interplay between such proteases and serine protease inhibitors, which include lympho-epithelial Kazal-type related inhibitor (LEKTI) encoded by SPINK5, secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI), and elafin. The expression of KLK5 and KLK7 is controlled and up-regulated by stimulants such as calcium, 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2VD3), and retinoic acid (RA).
Objectives
To understand the effect of calcium, 1,25(OH)2VD3, and RA on the expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes.
Methods
We stimulated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) with high calcium, 1,25(OH)2VD3, or RA and then analysed the expression of serine protease inhibitors using quantitative real-time-PCR, ELISA, and immunocytofluorescence. We also analysed trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine protease activities in stimulated NHEKs.
Results
High calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2VD3 or RA, significantly induced the expression of LEKTI, SLPI, and elafin at both transcript and protein levels in NHEKs. These inductions were time- and dose-dependent. The activities of trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases were significantly up- and down-regulated by high calcium, respectively, in NHEKs.
Conclusions
High calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2VD3 or RA, increases the expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms by which serine protease activities are regulated by serine proteases and related inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2f0YPA4
Stage-specific Embryonic Antigen-4 (SSEA-4) as a novel marker of ductal cells of human eccrine sweat glands
Summary
Background
Different populations of unipotent or multipotent stem cells were identified in human epidermis and its appendages. It is well documented that these cells maintain tissue homeostasis and actively participate in epidermal regeneration after injury. However, there is no evidence of the presence of pluripotent stem cells in human epidermis.
Objective
In this study, we investigated whether cells positive for embryonic stem cell marker SSEA-4 are present in adult human epidermis and if so, whether they are pluripotent and may correspond to the population of primitive stem cells.
Methods
The expression of SSEA-4 antigen and pluripotency transcription factors were analysed using flow cytometry. By means of immunohistochemical staining, we studied the exact localization of these cells in human skin sections.
Results
We show that a population of SSEA-4+ cells is present in human epidermis. In contrast to a commonly accepted belief, the expression of SSEA-4 antigen is not connected with the pluripotent character of the isolated cells. We found that these SSEA-4+ cells are localized in the ducts of eccrine sweat glands.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that the SSEA-4 antigen is a novel marker identifying the ductal cells of human sweat glands. The surface character of the antigen provides for simple method of isolation of this cell population and suggests the application of SSEA-4 for future cell therapy research.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2f0Zxx6
DOMINO, doxycycline 40mg vs minocycline 100mg in the treatment of rosacea: a randomised, single blinded, non-inferiority trial, comparing efficacy and safety
Summary
Background
There is lack of evidence for minocycline in the treatment of rosacea.
Objectives
To compare the efficacy and safety of doxycycline 40mg versus minocycline 100mg in papulopustular rosacea.
Methods
In this randomised single centre, 1:1 allocation, assessor blinded, non-inferiority trial, patients with a mild to severe papulopustular rosacea, were randomly allocated to either oral doxycycline 40mg or minocycline 100mg for a 16-week period with 12 weeks of follow up.
Our primary outcomes were the change in lesion count and change in patient's Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL): RosaQoL scores.
Our secondary outcomes were: Patient's Global Assessment (PaGA) success ("excellent" or "good" improvement), Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) success ("clear" or "near clear"), Clinicians Erythema Assessment (CEA) success (at least one point decrease), the relapse rate at follow up and safety profile of the treatment drugs.
Intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol analyses (PPA) were performed.
Results
Of the 80 patients randomised, (40 for minocycline and 40 for doxycycline) 71 patients were treated for 16 weeks. 68 patients completed the study.
At week 16, the median change in lesion count was comparable in both groups: doxycycline versus minocycline respectively 13 versus 14 lesions less. (Non-inferiority difference 3, 90% Confidence interval (CI) -2 to 8). The RosaQoL scores were decreased for both doxycycline and minocycline, respectively 0.62 and 0.86. (Non-inferiority difference 0.15, 90% CI -0.09 to 0.42).
Secondary outcomes were comparable except for IGA success, which was assessed significantly more often in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group (respectively 60% and 17.5%; p<0.001).
At week 28, outcomes were comparable, except for RosaQoL scores and PaGA, which were significantly different in favour of minocycline (P=0.005 and P=0.043 respectively), and less relapses were recorded in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group (respectively 6.7% and 48%; p<0.001). In this study no serious adverse reactions (SAEs) were reported.
Conclusions
Minocycline 100mg is non-inferior to doxycycline 40mg in efficacy over a 16- week treatment period. Furthermore, at follow up, RosaQoL scores and PaGA were statistically significantly more improved in the minocycline group than in the doxycycline group, and minocycline 100mg gives longer remission than doxycycline 40mg. In this study there was no significant difference in safety between these treatments, however, based on previous literature minocycline has a lower risk/benefit ratio than doxycycline. Minocycline 100mg may be a good alternative treatment for those patients who, for any reason, are unable or unwilling to take doxycycline 40mg.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2eU3SPQ
The expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes is increased by calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 or retinoic acid
Summary
Background
In the human skin, the serine proteases kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK) 5 and KLK7 degrade corneodesmosome proteins, which leads to desquamation. The serine protease activity of the skin is tightly regulated by the interplay between such proteases and serine protease inhibitors, which include lympho-epithelial Kazal-type related inhibitor (LEKTI) encoded by SPINK5, secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI), and elafin. The expression of KLK5 and KLK7 is controlled and up-regulated by stimulants such as calcium, 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2VD3), and retinoic acid (RA).
Objectives
To understand the effect of calcium, 1,25(OH)2VD3, and RA on the expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes.
Methods
We stimulated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) with high calcium, 1,25(OH)2VD3, or RA and then analysed the expression of serine protease inhibitors using quantitative real-time-PCR, ELISA, and immunocytofluorescence. We also analysed trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine protease activities in stimulated NHEKs.
Results
High calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2VD3 or RA, significantly induced the expression of LEKTI, SLPI, and elafin at both transcript and protein levels in NHEKs. These inductions were time- and dose-dependent. The activities of trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases were significantly up- and down-regulated by high calcium, respectively, in NHEKs.
Conclusions
High calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2VD3 or RA, increases the expression of serine protease inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms by which serine protease activities are regulated by serine proteases and related inhibitors in epidermal keratinocytes.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2f0YPA4
Re: The effects of Air Pollution on asthma Hospital admissions in Adelaide, South Australia, 2003-2013: time series and case-crossover analysis
Abstract
We read with great interest the recent study by Chen K and colleagues [1] which showed an increase risk of asthma hospital admissions in all age groups with total pollen. However, there are numerous issues that have been overlooked in the analysis of the pollen variable. If these issues were considered, the authors may have observed stronger species-specific effects thereby contributing to the evidence base on which pollen species is the major trigger of asthma exacerbations requiring hospitalization.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2eU2EUu
Re: The effects of Air Pollution on asthma Hospital admissions in Adelaide, South Australia, 2003-2013: time series and case-crossover analysis
Abstract
We read with great interest the recent study by Chen K and colleagues [1] which showed an increase risk of asthma hospital admissions in all age groups with total pollen. However, there are numerous issues that have been overlooked in the analysis of the pollen variable. If these issues were considered, the authors may have observed stronger species-specific effects thereby contributing to the evidence base on which pollen species is the major trigger of asthma exacerbations requiring hospitalization.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2eU2EUu
Can routine office-based audiometry predict cochlear implant evaluation results?
Objectives/Hypothesis
Determining cochlear implant candidacy requires a specific sentence-level testing paradigm in best-aided conditions. Our objective was to determine if findings on routine audiometry could predict the results of a formal cochlear implant candidacy evaluation. We hypothesize that findings on routine audiometry will accurately predict cochlear implant evaluation results in the majority of candidates.
Study Design
Retrospective, observational, diagnostic study.
Methods
The charts of all adult patients who were evaluated for implant candidacy at a tertiary care center from June 2008 through June 2013 were included. Routine, unaided audiologic measures (pure-tone hearing thresholds and recorded monosyllabic word recognition testing) were then correlated with best-aided sentence-level discrimination testing (using either the Hearing in Noise Test or AzBio sentences test).
Results
The degree of hearing loss at 250 to 4,000 Hz and monosyllabic word recognition scores significantly correlated with sentence-level word discrimination test results. Extrapolating from this association, we found that 86% of patients with monosyllabic word recognition scores at or below 32% (or 44% for patients with private insurance) would meet candidacy requirements for cochlear implantation.
Conclusions
Routine audiometric findings can be used to identify patients who are likely to meet cochlear implant candidacy upon formal testing. For example, patients with pure-tone thresholds (250, 500, 1,000 Hz) of ≥75 dB and/or a monosyllabic word recognition test score of ≤40% have a high likelihood of meeting candidacy criteria. Utilization of these predictive patterns during routine audiometric evaluation may assist hearing health professionals in deciding when to refer patients for a formal cochlear implant evaluation.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 2016
http://ift.tt/2f0OLXS
Can routine office-based audiometry predict cochlear implant evaluation results?
Objectives/Hypothesis
Determining cochlear implant candidacy requires a specific sentence-level testing paradigm in best-aided conditions. Our objective was to determine if findings on routine audiometry could predict the results of a formal cochlear implant candidacy evaluation. We hypothesize that findings on routine audiometry will accurately predict cochlear implant evaluation results in the majority of candidates.
Study Design
Retrospective, observational, diagnostic study.
Methods
The charts of all adult patients who were evaluated for implant candidacy at a tertiary care center from June 2008 through June 2013 were included. Routine, unaided audiologic measures (pure-tone hearing thresholds and recorded monosyllabic word recognition testing) were then correlated with best-aided sentence-level discrimination testing (using either the Hearing in Noise Test or AzBio sentences test).
Results
The degree of hearing loss at 250 to 4,000 Hz and monosyllabic word recognition scores significantly correlated with sentence-level word discrimination test results. Extrapolating from this association, we found that 86% of patients with monosyllabic word recognition scores at or below 32% (or 44% for patients with private insurance) would meet candidacy requirements for cochlear implantation.
Conclusions
Routine audiometric findings can be used to identify patients who are likely to meet cochlear implant candidacy upon formal testing. For example, patients with pure-tone thresholds (250, 500, 1,000 Hz) of ≥75 dB and/or a monosyllabic word recognition test score of ≤40% have a high likelihood of meeting candidacy criteria. Utilization of these predictive patterns during routine audiometric evaluation may assist hearing health professionals in deciding when to refer patients for a formal cochlear implant evaluation.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 2016
http://ift.tt/2f0OLXS
Multimodality Cardiac Imaging in a Patient with Kawasaki Disease and Giant Aneurysms
Kawasaki disease is a well-known cause of acquired cardiac disease in the pediatric and adult population, most prevalent in Japan but also seen commonly in the United States. In the era of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment, the morbidity associated with this disease has decreased, but it remains a serious illness. Here we present the case of an adolescent, initially diagnosed with Kawasaki disease as an infant, that progressed to giant aneurysm formation and calcification of the coronary arteries. We review his case and the literature, focusing on the integral role of multimodality imaging in managing Kawasaki disease.
http://ift.tt/2eTLOW9
Mercury Vapour Long-Lasting Exposure: Lymphocyte Muscarinic Receptors as Neurochemical Markers of Accidental Intoxication
Introduction. Chronic poisoning may result in home setting after mercury (Hg) vapours inhalation from damaged devices. We report a chronic, nonoccupational Hg poisoning due to 10-year indoor exposure to mercury spillage. Case Report. A 72-year-old man with polyneuropathy of suspected toxic origin. At hospitalization, toxicological clinical evaluations confirmed the altered neurological picture documented across the last decade. Periodic blood and urine Hg levels (BHg, UHg) monitoring were performed from admission (), until 1 year later (), paralleled by blood neurochemical markers assessment, that is, lymphocytes muscarinic receptors (l-MRs). At : BHg and UHg were 27 and 1.4 microg/L, respectively (normal values: BHg 1–4.5; UHg 0.1–4.5), associated with l-MRs increase, 185.82 femtomoL/million lymphocytes (normal range: 8.0–16.0). At (two days after DMSA-mobilization test), BHg weak reduction, paralleled by UHg 3.7-fold increase, was measured together with further l-MRs enhancement (205.43 femtomoL/million lymphocytes). At (eight months after two cycles of DMSA chelating therapy ending), gradual improving of clinical manifestations was accompanied by progressive decrease of BHg and UHg (4.0 and 2.8 microg/L, resp.) and peripheral l-MRs neurochemical marker (24.89 femtomoL/million lymphocytes). Conclusion. l-MRs modulatory effect supports their use as peripheral neurochemical marker in Hg poisoning diagnosis and chelation therapy monitoring.
http://ift.tt/2f0Iqvo
Phase I/II Study OF Metformin in Combination With Cisplatin and Radiation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Condition: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Intervention: Drug: Metformin
Sponsor: Baylor College of Medicine
Not yet recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f5caoE
Intervention: Drug: Metformin
Sponsor: Baylor College of Medicine
Not yet recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f5caoE
A Study of Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy Using the Caudal-to-cranial Approach
Conditions: Ascending Colon Cancer; Ileocaecal Valve Carcinoma; Cancer Flexure Hepatic; Adenocarcinoma of Hepatic Flexure (Diagnosis)
Interventions: Procedure: the caudal-to-cranial approach; Procedure: the medial-to-lateral approach
Sponsor: Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f0PnwD
Interventions: Procedure: the caudal-to-cranial approach; Procedure: the medial-to-lateral approach
Sponsor: Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f0PnwD
The Efficacy of Vocal Function Exercises for Laryngeal Cancers
Condition: Vocal Folds
Interventions: Procedure: Vocal Function Exercises; Procedure: Vocal Hygiene
Sponsor: Vrushali Angadi
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2eTSdjV
Interventions: Procedure: Vocal Function Exercises; Procedure: Vocal Hygiene
Sponsor: Vrushali Angadi
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2eTSdjV
Phase I/II Study OF Metformin in Combination With Cisplatin and Radiation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Condition: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Intervention: Drug: Metformin
Sponsor: Baylor College of Medicine
Not yet recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f5caoE
Intervention: Drug: Metformin
Sponsor: Baylor College of Medicine
Not yet recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f5caoE
A Study of Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy Using the Caudal-to-cranial Approach
Conditions: Ascending Colon Cancer; Ileocaecal Valve Carcinoma; Cancer Flexure Hepatic; Adenocarcinoma of Hepatic Flexure (Diagnosis)
Interventions: Procedure: the caudal-to-cranial approach; Procedure: the medial-to-lateral approach
Sponsor: Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f0PnwD
Interventions: Procedure: the caudal-to-cranial approach; Procedure: the medial-to-lateral approach
Sponsor: Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2f0PnwD
The Efficacy of Vocal Function Exercises for Laryngeal Cancers
Condition: Vocal Folds
Interventions: Procedure: Vocal Function Exercises; Procedure: Vocal Hygiene
Sponsor: Vrushali Angadi
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2eTSdjV
Interventions: Procedure: Vocal Function Exercises; Procedure: Vocal Hygiene
Sponsor: Vrushali Angadi
Recruiting - verified October 2016
http://ift.tt/2eTSdjV
Test
Test thyroid system post
The post Test appeared first on American Thyroid Association.
http://ift.tt/1PAQjVG
Test
Test thyroid system post
The post Test appeared first on American Thyroid Association.
http://ift.tt/1PAQjVG
New insights into Mesolithic human diet in the Mediterranean from stable isotope analysis: The sites of Campu Stefanu and Torre d'Aquila, Corsica
Abstract
Mesolithic human remains are rare in the archaeological record of the French Mediterranean. Only the island of Corsica has so far produced relatively well preserved burials, and recent archaeological excavations have brought to light new Mesolithic human remains. The site of Campu Stefanu, located in Sollacaro in the southeast of the island, contained a collective burial of 7-8 individuals in a previously unobserved funerary context. A re-evaluation of collections in regional museums yielded the remains from another Mesolithic individual from the site of Torre d'Aquila, excavated at Pietracorbara, in the northern part of the island, at the beginning of the 1990s. These two discoveries presented the rare opportunity to obtain new radiocarbon dates and paleodietary insights from this crucial time period using stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N) on collagen. From Campu Stefanu one individual had sufficient collagen preserved for radiocarbon dating, revealing that it is the oldest Mesolithic human known on the island, dated to 10216-9920 cal. BP. At Torre d'Aquila, radiocarbon dates indicate that the individual belonged to a younger Mesolithic phase than Campu Stefanu, dated to 9903-9596 cal. BP. δ13C and δ15N isotope ratios are similar between the Campu Stefanu and Torre d'Aquila individuals and indicate a diet dominated by the consumption of terrestrial animal protein, and a lack of marine resources. These findings are in contrast with the previous results from two other Mesolithic individuals from Corsica from the sites of Araguina Sennola and Monte Leone, for which about 25-30% of the consumed proteins came from a marine diet. The dietary variability recorded in Corsica is consistent with results obtained from Mesolithic human remains of Sicily and the Iberian Peninsula. We can hypothesize, that despite the nomadic lifestyle, the distance to the sea played a major role in Mesolithic food choices in Corsica. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
http://ift.tt/2dUJ4KY
Morphometry of a Pre-Hispanic Dog From Northwestern Argentina (Ad 800-1200)
Abstract
A detailed morphometric description of a dog skull from the pre- Hispanic archaeological site La Isla de Tilcara (northwestern Argentina, ca. AD 800-1200) is presented. The resulting data were compared with those of dog skulls from other South American archaeological sites to establish dog morphotype. The examined skull belonged to a small, long-snouted dog, similar to the smallest morphotypes from the Central Andes.
http://ift.tt/2eqH7T0
BRAF V600D mutation in a paediatric high-grade glioma
The authors report a case of high-grade glioma with unusual pathology that has not previously been reported in glioma pathology. The 5-year-old patient presented to the emergency department with a 1-day history of a right temporal swelling on a background history of increasing nausea and vomiting for the preceding 5 months. A computed tomography brain was performed, which showed a large right-sided temporoparietal lesion. The patient underwent surgery to remove the mass and pathology confirmed anaplastic astrocytoma (WHO Grade 3). This report focuses on prognostic factors in high-grade glioma, particularly on pathological indicators, namely epidermal growth factor receptor, O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase expression and BRAF V600D mutation.
http://ift.tt/2ee67yY
Spontaneous resolution of symptomatic lumbar synovial cyst
Lumbar synovial cyst arises from the facet joint and can lead to back pain, radiculopathy, neurogenic claudication or even cauda equina syndrome. Although most surgeons would consider surgery to be the treatment of choice, the natural history of the disease process remains unknown and uncertainty still exists regarding optimal management of this controversial entity. We illustrate a case of large L5/S1 synovial cyst for which surgery was initially planned. However, it resolved spontaneously without any treatment. We also provide a brief literature review regarding conservative, surgical and minimally invasive management of symptomatic lumbar synovial cyst with special reference to patient outcome.
http://ift.tt/2eebaj3
Extensive upper extremity deep venous thrombosis following brief application of an operative arm tourniquet
Extensive upper extremity deep venous thrombosis and compartment syndrome secondary to operative tourniquet application are rare outcomes of established practice. We present the case of a 54-year-old female who underwent elective removal of a right olecranon plate under general anaesthetic with brief application of a tourniquet. In recovery, she developed a swollen and erythematous forearm, without significant pain and paraesthesia. An urgent dual-phase computed tomography angiogram identified no venous outflow proximal to the axillary vein. Concern for early compartment syndrome necessitated emergency fasciotomies of the right forearm and hand, precluding thrombolysis. Thrombosis was found in the superficial and deep veins throughout the forearm, but the muscles were healthy. The patient commenced anticoagulation therapy early and made good recovery. Further haematology review concluded that she had a 'provoked thrombosis' and no need for long-term anticoagulation.
http://ift.tt/2f8QKFB
The presence of respiratory disorders in individuals with low back pain: A systematic review.
 | Related Articles |
The presence of respiratory disorders in individuals with low back pain: A systematic review.
Man Ther. 2016 Dec;26:77-86
Authors: Beeckmans N, Vermeersch A, Lysens R, Van Wambeke P, Goossens N, Thys T, Brumagne S, Janssens L
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inspiratory muscles, such as the diaphragm, play a key role in both respiration and spinal control. Therefore, diaphragm dysfunctions are often related to low back pain (LBP). However, few is known on the association between the presence of LBP and the presence of respiratory disorders (RD).
OBJECTIVES: To perform a systematic review on the relation between RD and LBP.
STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review.
METHODS: Two reviewers searched on PubMed/MEDLINE for studies concerning LBP and RD, from 1950 up to January 2016. The search string consisted of the following key words: low back pain, dyspnea, respiratory problems, lung diseases, comorbidity, pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, smoking, asthma, allergy, sinusitis, respiratory tract infection and hyperventilation. The aim was to evaluate a potential correlation, co-occurrence or causality between RD and LBP.
RESULTS: A total of 16 articles were included. A significant correlation between the presence of LBP and the presence of RD such as dyspnea, asthma, different forms of allergy, and respiratory infections was found. No correlation was found between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and LBP, and no articles were found on the correlation between hyperventilation and LBP.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study providing an overview of the literature on the relation between LBP and RD. Immunological, biomechanical, psychosocial and socio-economic factors might explain this correlation. Smoking is likely to contribute. Future studies must reveal the causative relationship.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapy, level 2a.
PMID: 27501326 [PubMed - in process]
http://ift.tt/2f03Toj
Comparing TiO 2 photocatalysis and UV-C radiation for inactivation and mutant formation of Salmonella typhimurium TA102
Abstract
Salmonellosis is one of the most common causes of foodborne bacterial human disease worldwide, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) was associated to the incidence of invasive salmonellosis. The objective of the present work was to investigate the effects of the TiO2 photocatalysis process in terms of both bacteria inactivation and the emergence of mutants, on S. typhimurium TA102 water suspensions. The TiO2 photocatalysis was compared with a conventional disinfection process such as UV-C radiation. In spite of the faster bacterial inactivation obtained in UV-C disinfection experiments (45, 15, and 10 min for total inactivation for initial cell density 109, 108, and 107 CFU mL−1, respectively), photocatalytic disinfection (60, 30, and 15 min) was more energy efficient because of a lower energy requirement (2–20 mWs cm−2) compared to the UV-C disinfection process (5–30 mWs cm−2). During the photocatalytic experiments, the mutation frequency increased up to 1648-fold compared to background level for a 108 CFU mL−1 initial bacterial density, and mutants were inactivated after 1–10-min treatment, depending on initial bacterial cell density. In UV-C disinfection experiments, the mutation frequency increased up to 2181-fold for a 108 CFU mL−1 initial bacterial cell density, and UV-C doses in the range of 0.5–4.8 mWs cm−2 were necessary to decrease mutation frequency. In conclusion, both disinfection processes were effective in the inactivation of S. typhimurium cells, and mutants released into the environment can be avoided if cells are effectively inactivated.
http://ift.tt/2eToesi
Release of anthracene from estuarine sediments by crab bioturbation effects
Abstract
To investigate bioturbation effects on anthracene (Ant) release from sediments to the overlying water, indoor microcosms were developed. Naturally contaminated estuarine sediments were exposed to the crab Helice tiensinensis over 70 days and compared with sediments with no crab. Bioturbation by crab could significantly increase the release of both particulate and dissolved Ant. The releases of particulate Ant with bioturbation treatments were 2.3–11.7 times higher than in the control treatments. However, the releases of dissolved Ant with bioturbation treatments were 1.7–3.7 times higher than in the control treatments. The ratio of particulate Ant/total Ant varied from 89 % to 98 % in the bioturbation treatments, which was significantly higher than in the control treatments. These results indicate that crab bioturbation significantly enhanced both particulate and dissolved Ant release from sediment, but the particulate Ant is the predominant process.
http://ift.tt/2eZYUUu
Liver metabolic disruption induced after a single exposure to PCB126 in rats
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been recognized as metabolic disruptors. The liver plays a pivotal role in detoxification of an organism. Fatty liver results from altered intra-, and extra-hepatic mediators and is associated with increased glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78), commonly used as a marker for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling. This pilot study aimed to study the effects of a single exposure on fatty liver metabolic parameters. The objective of the study is to characterize the effects of 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) on ER stress protein chaperon GRP78 and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and intra-hepatic mediators such as microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), as well as extra-hepatic factors such as non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Hepatic GRP78 mRNA and protein levels, indicating the presence of ER stress, were significantly increased following a single PCB126 exposure in rats. Intra-hepatic mechanisms such as lipoprotein secretion pathway (i.e., MTP), lipogenesis de novo (i.e., SREBP1c), and oxidation (i.e., PPARα) were altered in PCB126-treated rats. In addition, a state of inflammation measured by higher TNFα plasma levels was present in contaminated rats. These data indicate that a single injection of PCB126-modulated expression of GRP78 associated with hepatic ER stress and systemic inflammation in rats.
http://ift.tt/2eTo4kW
Sodium chlorate, a herbicide and major water disinfectant byproduct, generates reactive oxygen species and induces oxidative damage in human erythrocytes
Abstract
Sodium chlorate (NaClO3) is a widely used non-selective herbicide. It is also generated as a byproduct during disinfection of drinking water by chlorine dioxide. In the present work, the effects of NaClO3 on human erythrocytes were studied under in vitro conditions. Incubation of erythrocytes with different concentrations of NaClO3 at 37 °C for 90 min resulted in significant hemolysis. Cell lysates were prepared from NaClO3-treated and untreated (control) erythrocytes and assayed for various biochemical parameters. Methemoglobin levels were significantly increased and methemoglobin reductase activity was reduced upon NaClO3 treatment. There was a significant increase in protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation with a decrease in reduced glutathione and total sulfhydryl content. This suggests the induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes upon exposure to NaClO3. The occurrence of oxidative stress was confirmed by significantly increased generation of reactive oxygen species and lowered antioxidant response of the cells. NaClO3 treatment also increased nitric oxide levels showing induction of nitrosative stress. The activities of major antioxidant and membrane-bound and metabolic enzymes were significantly altered upon incubation of erythrocytes with NaClO3. The erythrocytes became more osmotically fragile while electron microscopic images showed gross morphological alterations in NaClO3-treated cells. These results show that NaClO3 induces oxidative stress in human erythrocytes, which results in extensive membrane damage and lowers the antioxidant response.
http://ift.tt/2f00ohq
Using solid 13 C NMR coupled with solution 31 P NMR spectroscopy to investigate molecular species and lability of organic carbon and phosphorus from aquatic plants in Tai Lake, China
Abstract
Forms and labilities of plant-derived organic matters (OMs) including carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) were fundamental for understanding their release, degradation and environmental behaviour in lake ecosystems. Thus, solid 13C and solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to characterize biomass of six aquatic plants in Tai Lake, China. The results showed that carbohydrates (61.2% of the total C) were predominant C functional group in the solid 13C NMR spectra of plant biomass, which may indicate high lability and bioavailability of aquatic plants-derived organic matter in lakes. There was 72.6–103.7% of the total P in aquatic plant biomass extracted by NaOH–EDTA extracts. Solution 31P NMR analysis of these NaOH–EDTA extracts further identified several molecular species of P including orthophosphate (50.1%), orthophosphate monoesters (46.8%), DNA (1.6%) and pyrophosphate (1.4%). Orthophosphate monoesters included β-glycerophosphate (17.7%), hydrolysis products of RNA (11.7%), α-glycerophosphate (9.2%) and other unknown monoesters (2.1%). Additionally, phytate, the major form of organic P in many lake sediments, was detected in floating plant water poppy. These inorganic P (e.g. orthophosphate and pyrophosphate) and organic P (e.g. diester and its degradation products) identified in plant biomass were all labile and bioavailable P, which would play an important role in recycling of P in lakes. These results increased knowledge of chemical composition and bioavailability of OMs derived from aquatic plants in lakes.
http://ift.tt/2eToc3F
Serum adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein (FABP4) levels in women from Mexico exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a very important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Correspondingly, adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein (FABP4, also known as aP2 and AFABP) has been proposed as a new, meaningful and useful biomarker to predict metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate serum FABP4 levels in Mexican women exposed to PAHs. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene ((1-OHP), exposure biomarker for PAHs) levels were quantified using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique, and serum FABP4 concentrations were analyzed using a commercially available ELISA kit. The mean urinary 1-OHP level found in women participating in this study was 1.30 ± 1.10 μmol/mol creatinine (2.45 ± 2.10 μg/g creatinine). Regarding serum FABP4 concentrations, the levels ranged from 3.80 to 62.5 ng/mL in the assessed population. Moreover, a significant association (p < 0.001) was found between urinary 1-OHP levels and serum FABP4 concentrations in women after adjusting for potential confounding variables. The presented data in this study can be considered only as a starting point for further studies. Then, in order to elucidate whether FABP4 represents a risk factor for CVD disease in humans exposed to air contaminants (such as PAHs), large epidemiological studies are necessary.
http://ift.tt/2eZZcKV
Sequential two-column electro-Fenton-photolytic reactor for the treatment of winery wastewater
Abstract
The high amount of winery wastewaters produced each year makes their treatment a priority issue due to their problematic characteristics such as acid pH, high concentration of organic load and colourful compounds. Furthermore, some of these effluents can have dissolved pesticides, due to the previous grape treatments, which are recalcitrant to conventional treatments. Recently, photo-electro-Fenton process has been reported as an effective procedure to mineralize different organic contaminants and a promising technology for the treatment of these complex matrixes. However, the reactors available for applying this process are scarce and they show several limitations. In this study, a sequential two-column reactor for the photo-electro-Fenton treatment was designed and evaluated for the treatment of different pesticides, pirimicarb and pyrimethanil, used in wine production. Both studied pesticides were efficiently removed, and the transformation products were determined. Finally, the treatment of a complex aqueous matrix composed by winery wastewater and the previously studied pesticides was carried out in the designed sequential reactor. The high removals of TOC and COD reached and the low energy consumption demonstrated the efficiency of this new configuration.
http://ift.tt/2eTo5p0
Prolonged operative time in laparoscopic appendectomy: predictive factors and outcomes.
Prolonged operative time in laparoscopic appendectomy: predictive factors and outcomes.
Int J Surg. 2016 Oct 26;:
Authors: Jeon BG, Kim HJ, Jung KH, Kim SW, Park JS, Kim KH, Kim ID, Lee SJ
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify the predictive factors and outcomes of prolonged operative time associated with laparoscopic appendectomy. We aimed to identify preoperative factors that influence operation time and to determine how operative time affects laparoscopic appendectomy outcomes.
METHODS: The medical records of 3,049 patients who had undergone laparoscopic appendectomy between January 2008 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Prolonged operative time was defined in the top 10% according to distribution (>90 min). A multivariate regression model was generated to assess potential predictive factors and outcomes of prolonged operative time.
RESULTS: In laparoscopic appendectomy for non-perforated appendicitis, independent factors that predict a prolonged operative time as identified through multivariate analysis were elevated C-reactive protein levels, symptom duration of more than 3 days, and computed tomography findings indicating an appendiceal diameter of more than 10 mm. In laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis, overweight, elevated C-reactive protein, symptom duration of more than 3 days, and computed tomography findings of abscess were independent predictive factors for prolonged operative time. Prolonged surgery increases the risk of complications, prolonged hospital stay, and readmission.
CONCLUSIONS: Overweight, elevated C-reactive protein, symptom duration of more than 3 days, appendiceal diameter of more than 10 mm, and abscess were independent predictive factors of prolonged operative time. Furthermore, prolonged operative time was associated with adverse postoperative outcomes after laparoscopic appendectomy.
PMID: 27794471 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://ift.tt/2f026iU
Rosai-Dorfman Disease Involving Multiple Organs: An Unusual Case with Poor Prognosis
Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare, benign histiocytic proliferative disorder that usually affects the lymph nodes. Although extranodal involvement has been reported in diverse sites, manifestation in the cardiovascular system is extremely rare. Specifically, cardiac involvement in Rosai-Dorfman disease is an extraordinarily infrequent event. We describe a case of a 36-year-old female who presented Rosai-Dorfman disease of multiple organs including the heart, with poor prognosis.
http://ift.tt/2dUxAY6
Rapid Recovery from Paraplegia in a Patient with Foix-Alajounine Syndrome.
Rapid Recovery from Paraplegia in a Patient with Foix-Alajounine Syndrome.
World Neurosurg. 2016 Oct 26;:
Authors: Joswig H, Haji FA, Martinez-Perez R, Steven DA, Boulton MR
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Foix-Alajounine syndrome describes the acute neurological deterioration in the setting of a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula.
CASE DESCRIPTION: The following case report on a young patient with an unusual clinical onset of Foix-Alajounine Syndrome coincidentally occurring after his Outpatient Clinic appointment, illustrates how prompt surgical treatment can result in rapid recovery of neurological function despite preoperative paraplegia.
CONCLUSIONS: Venous hypertension with subsequent rapid resolution after surgical treatment is the pathophysiological mechanism underlying a dural arteriovenous fistula, in contrast to historical views suggesting these lesions result from irreversible venous thrombosis resulting in necrotic myelopathy.
PMID: 27794514 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://ift.tt/2fmndx8
Long-term Survival Primary Intracranial Plasmablastic Lymphoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Long-term Survival Primary Intracranial Plasmablastic Lymphoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
World Neurosurg. 2016 Oct 26;:
Authors: Hu ZC, Ma H, Wei MH, Qin HM
PMID: 27794513 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://ift.tt/2eqpRgu
Differences in type composition of symptom clusters as predictors of quality of life between patients with meningioma and glioma.
Differences in type composition of symptom clusters as predictors of quality of life between patients with meningioma and glioma.
World Neurosurg. 2016 Oct 26;:
Authors: Kim SR, Shin YS, Kim JH, Choi M, Yoo SH
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to identify and compare symptom clusters in patients with meningioma and glioma, and to assess and compare predictors of quality of life (QoL) in both patient groups.
METHODS: Data were collected using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory Brain Tumour Module, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General, and the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS). Of the 158 participating patients, 77 had meningioma and 81 had glioma.
RESULTS: Four symptom clusters were identified with 55.4% total variance in patients with meningioma. These clusters were 1) physical, 2) cognitive, 3) elimination-appearance, and 4) motor-sensory symptoms. In patients with glioma, four clusters with a total variance of 67.3% were identified: 1) treatment-related, 2) cognitive, 3) appearance-elimination, and 4) gastrointestinal symptoms. Predictors of QoL were KPS score (β = 0.41, p < .001), cognitive symptom cluster (β = -0.36, p < .001), and physical symptom cluster (β = -0.32, p = .001) in patients with meningioma whereas treatment-related symptom cluster (β = -0.55, p < .001) was identified as the predictor of QoL in patients with glioma.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the type and composition of symptom clusters differed between patients with meningioma and glioma. In addition, our data provide evidence that even when the participants reported mild symptoms, these clusters could be used to predict QoL in patients with meningioma and glioma.
PMID: 27794512 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://ift.tt/2f8I2aJ
Multisensory interplay within human auditory cortex: new evidence from intraoperative optical imaging of intrinsic signal.
Multisensory interplay within human auditory cortex: new evidence from intraoperative optical imaging of intrinsic signal.
World Neurosurg. 2016 Oct 26;:
Authors: Zhou Q, Wang Y, Yi L, Tan Z, Jiang Y
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The primary auditory cortex that was ever considered to be unisensory specific has been recently challenged to be multisensory. However, the temporal details of processing non-auditory stimuli in the human auditory cortex still remain unclear, due to the low temporal and spatial resolution of the adopted imaging techniques.
METHODS: In the present study, using intraoperative optical imaging of intrinsic signals (iOIS) recording techniques, detailed cortical activations within the auditory cortex in response to auditory and somatosensory stimulation were recorded from three intraoperative anesthetized patients with brain tumor located at superior temporal gyrus.
RESULT: At both green-light (545±13 nm) and red-light (610±10 nm) illumination, the primary and secondary auditory cortices showed to be respond significantly to the somatosensory stimulation. As induced by the somatosensory stimulus, the average overlapping rate of the activated region was 74.51% ± 0.15%, and the peak responding time occurred at post-stimulus 7-8 seconds. In addition, there was no significant difference of the peak responding time between auditory and somatosensory stimuli (P<0.01, paired t-test).
CONCLUSION: These findings provide novel evidence for multisensory interplay within human auditory cortex at early stage of cortical processing, which extends the understandings of multisensory mechanism of human brain functions.
PMID: 27794511 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://ift.tt/2f4xXN8
En bloc resections in the spine - the experience of 220 cases over 25 years.
En bloc resections in the spine - the experience of 220 cases over 25 years.
World Neurosurg. 2016 Oct 26;:
Authors: Boriani S, Gasbarrini A, Bandiera S, Ghermandi R, Lador R
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: En bloc resections aim at surgically removing a tumor in a single, intact piece. Approach must be planned for the complete removal of the tumor without violation of its margins. The shared knowledge of the morbidity, mortality, risk assessment for local disease recurrence, complications and death, related to spine tumors excised en bloc could improve the treating physician's apprehension of the diseases and decision making process before, during and after surgical treatment. The purpose of this study was to review and report the experience gained in one of the worlds biggest spine oncological centers of over 25 years.
METHODS: A retrospective study of prospective collected data of 1,681 patients affected by spine tumors, of whom 220 enbloc resections was performed.
RESULTS: Most tumors were primary - 165 cases (43 benign and 122 malignant), metastases occurred in 55 cases. 61 patients died from the disease. 153 complications were observed in 100 patients. 33 local recurrences were recorded. A total of 61 patients died from the disease. A total of 153 complications were observed in 100 out of 216 patients (46.2%). 64 of these patients (30%) suffered one complication, while the rest had 2 or more. All complications were categorized according to temporal distribution and severity. These were further divided into 7 groups according to the type of complication. There were 105 major and 48 minor complications. seven patients (4.6%) died as a result of complications. 33 local recurrences (15.28%) were recorded, Contaminated cases, surgical margins of the resected tumor - intralesional, marginal, and malignant tumors, were statistically significant independent risk factors for local recurrence of the tumor. Contamination, local recurrence, neo-adjuvant RT, the number of level resected, and metastatic tumors compared to primary malignant tumor, were shown to be independent risk factors for patient's death.
CONCLUSION: Treatment of spinal aggressive benign and malignant bone tumors through en bloc resections is beneficial, in terms of better local control and prognosis, although it is a highly demanding and risky procedure. Margins are the key point of this procedure, thus, a careful preoperative oncological and surgical staging is necessary to define the optimal surgical approach. The adverse event profile of these surgeries is high; therefore, it should be performed by experienced and multidisciplinary teams in specialized high volume centers.
PMID: 27794510 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://ift.tt/2f40gf1
The β2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Terbutaline Stimulates Angiogenesis via Akt and ERK Signaling.
 | Related Articles |
The β2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Terbutaline Stimulates Angiogenesis via Akt and ERK Signaling.
J Cell Physiol. 2017 Feb;232(2):298-308
Authors: Lemmens S, Kusters L, Bronckaers A, Geurts N, Hendrix S
Abstract
Angiogenesis is associated with changes in endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and tube formation, controlled by extracellular receptor-activated kinase (ERK)/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt signaling. Important regulators of these systems include hormones acting on G-protein-coupled receptors, such as beta 2-adrenoceptors (β2-ARs). In central nervous system (CNS) trauma, the importance of β2-AR modulation has been highlighted, although the effects on revascularization remain unclear. Vascular protection and revascularization are, however, key to support regeneration. We have investigated the angiogenic capacity of the specific β2-AR agonist terbutaline on ECs derived from the CNS, namely bEnd.3-cells. As angiogenesis is a multistep process involving increased proliferation and tube formation of ECs, we investigated the effects of terbutaline on these processes. We show that terbutaline significantly induced bEnd.3 tube formation in a matrigel in vitro assay. Moreover, administration of specific inhibitors of ERK and Akt signaling both inhibited terbutaline-induced tube formation. The proliferation rate of the ECs was not affected. In order to investigate the general effects of terbutaline in an organotypic system, we have used the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)-assay. Most importantly, terbutaline increased the number of blood vessels in this in ovo setting. Although we observed a positive trend, the systemic administration of terbutaline did not significantly improve the functional outcome, nor did it affect revascularization in our spinal cord injury model. In conclusion, these data indicate that terbutaline is promising to stimulate blood vessel formation, underscoring the importance of further research into the angiotherapeutic relevance of terbutaline and β2-AR signaling after CNS-trauma. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 298-308, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PMID: 27403604 [PubMed - in process]
http://ift.tt/2eLG5Ef
Anti-Diabetic Agent Sodium Tungstate Induces the Secretion of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines by Human Kidney Cells.
| Related Articles |
Anti-Diabetic Agent Sodium Tungstate Induces the Secretion of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines by Human Kidney Cells.
J Cell Physiol. 2017 Feb;232(2):355-362
Authors: Bertinat R, Westermeier F, Silva P, Shi J, Nualart F, Li X, Yáñez AJ
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the major cause of end stage renal disease. Sodium tungstate (NaW) exerts anti-diabetic and immunomodulatory activities in diabetic animal models. Here, we used primary cultures of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells derived from type-2-diabetic (D-RPTEC) and non-diabetic (N-RPTEC) subjects as in vitro models to study the effects of NaW on cytokine secretion, as these factors participate in intercellular regulation of inflammation, cell growth and death, differentiation, angiogenesis, development, and repair, all processes that are dysregulated during DKD. In basal conditions, D-RPTEC cells secreted higher levels of prototypical pro-inflammatory IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 than N-RPTEC cells, in agreement with their diabetic phenotype. Unexpectedly, NaW further induced IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretion in both N- and D-RPTEC, together with lower levels of IL-1 RA, IL-4, IL-10, and GM-CSF, suggesting that it may contribute to the extent of renal damage/repair during DKD. Besides, NaW induced the accumulation of IκBα, the main inhibitor protein of one major pathway involved in cytokine production, suggesting further anti-inflammatory effect in the long-term. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the interplay between the anti-diabetic and immunomodulatory properties of NaW will facilitate future studies about its clinical relevance. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 355-362, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PMID: 27186953 [PubMed - in process]
http://ift.tt/2f3Wjag
Letter to the Editor, Re: van der Heijden AG, Mengual L, Lozano JJ, Ingelmo-Torres M, Ribal MJ, Fernández PL, Oosterwijk E, Schalken JA, Alcaraz A, Witjes JA. A five-gene expression signature to predict progression in T1G3 bladder cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2016; 64:127–136
Source:European Journal of Cancer
Author(s): Anna Orsola, Stephanie A. Mullane, Joaquim Bellmunt
http://ift.tt/2edZBs8
Reply to letter commenting on: A five-gene expression signature to predict progression in T1G3 bladder cancer
Source:European Journal of Cancer
Author(s): Antoine G. van der Heijden, Lourdes Mengual
http://ift.tt/2f8MQwF
Synthetic multi-line kymographic analysis: A spatiotemporal data reduction technique for high-speed videoendoscopy.
Synthetic multi-line kymographic analysis: A spatiotemporal data reduction technique for high-speed videoendoscopy.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Oct;140(4):2703
Authors: Ikuma T, Kunduk M, Fink D, McWhorter AJ
Abstract
High-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) enables observation of the true vibratory behavior of the vocal folds. To quantify the vocal fold vibration captured by the HSV, lateral movement features (e.g., glottal width and vocal fold edge displacements) have been extracted as functions of time. The most common analysis method is to extract the features on a lateral strip used to form digital kymogram. The weakness of this method is that it can only capture the vibrational behavior local to the strip location. While the multi-line kymographic approach has been utilized to capture the spatial diversity, the observation points are either fixed or manually positioned. Behaviors of pathological vocal folds, especially those with lesions, are expected to be spatially diverse and also diverse among speakers, making fixed observation points ineffective. This paper proposes a technique to synthesize kymographic waveforms from full spatiotemporal HSV feature data to extract distinctive behaviors automatically. Each synthesized waveform represents a non-overlapping section of the glottis, where vocal folds are locally behaving homogeneously. The efficacy of the algorithm is demonstrated with four HSV recordings (three pathological) and discussed, including mitigation of the known drawbacks.
PMID: 27794340 [PubMed - in process]
http://ift.tt/2f3QKII
Mechanics of human voice production and control.
Mechanics of human voice production and control.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Oct;140(4):2614
Authors: Zhang Z
Abstract
As the primary means of communication, voice plays an important role in daily life. Voice also conveys personal information such as social status, personal traits, and the emotional state of the speaker. Mechanically, voice production involves complex fluid-structure interaction within the glottis and its control by laryngeal muscle activation. An important goal of voice research is to establish a causal theory linking voice physiology and biomechanics to how speakers use and control voice to communicate meaning and personal information. Establishing such a causal theory has important implications for clinical voice management, voice training, and many speech technology applications. This paper provides a review of voice physiology and biomechanics, the physics of vocal fold vibration and sound production, and laryngeal muscular control of the fundamental frequency of voice, vocal intensity, and voice quality. Current efforts to develop mechanical and computational models of voice production are also critically reviewed. Finally, issues and future challenges in developing a causal theory of voice production and perception are discussed.
PMID: 27794319 [PubMed - in process]
http://ift.tt/2eLAPjW
Effects of age and hearing loss on overshoot.
Effects of age and hearing loss on overshoot.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Oct;140(4):2481
Authors: Jennings SG, Ahlstrom JB, Dubno JR
Abstract
The detection of a brief, sinusoidal probe in a long broadband, simultaneous masker improves as the probe is delayed from the masker's onset. This improvement ("overshoot") may be mediated by a reduction in cochlear amplifier gain over the timecourse of the masker via the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex. Overshoot was measured in younger adults with normal hearing and in older adults with normal and impaired hearing to test the hypothesis that aging and cochlear hearing loss result in abnormal overshoot, consistent with changes in certain structures along the MOC pathway. Overshoot decreased with increasing quiet probe thresholds and was only minimally influenced by increasing age. Marked individual differences in overshoot were observed due to differences in masking thresholds for probes presented near the masker's onset. Model simulations support the interpretation that reduced overshoot in hearing-impaired listeners is due to limited cochlear amplifier gain and therefore less gain to adjust over the timecourse of the masker. Similar overshoot among younger and older adults with normal hearing suggests that age-related changes to mechanisms underlying overshoot do not result in significant differences in overshoot among younger and older adults with normal hearing.
PMID: 27794300 [PubMed - in process]
http://ift.tt/2f3QysV
MORC2 mutation causes severe spinal muscular atrophy-phenotype, cerebellar atrophy, and diaphragmatic paralysis.
MORC2 mutation causes severe spinal muscular atrophy-phenotype, cerebellar atrophy, and diaphragmatic paralysis.
Brain. 2016 Oct 29;:
Authors: Schottmann G, Wagner C, Seifert F, Stenzel W, Schuelke M
PMID: 27794525 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://ift.tt/2edVQmw
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