Head and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis: 01/30/19

Τετάρτη 30 Ιανουαρίου 2019

Vitamin D deficiency in solid‐organ transplant recipients from a Spanish Mediterranean population

Summary

Background

Solid‐organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency, mainly caused by reduced sunlight exposure with subsequent low vitamin D synthesis in the skin.

Aim

To analyse whether SOTRs from a Spanish Mediterranean region were vitamin D‐deficient.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional, descriptive and observational study in a transplantation‐specialized Dermatological Unit from a Mediterranean area to determine the calcidiol levels of a cohort of 78 consecutively attending patients not receiving vitamin D supplements. Serum 25(OH)D₃ levels were determined and clinical characteristics were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse variables associated with dichotomized 25(OH)D₃ levels (≤ or > 10 ng/mL).

Results

The cohort comprised 30 lung, 29 kidney and 19 liver transplant recipients. Mean calcidiol was 18 ± 9 ng/mL. Deficiency of 25(OH)D₃ was present in 19% of patients, while 68% had insufficient levels and 13% had sufficient levels. Following multivariate logistic regression analysis, the season of blood sampling remained the only predictor of deficient 25(OH)D₃ levels.

Conclusion

Despite living in a mid‐latitude country with sunny weather, our SOTR population was at high risk of developing hypovitaminosis D, especially in autumn/winter. Avoiding sun exposure is important to prevent skin cancer, but careful monitoring of vitamin D status is recommended, with supplementation if hypovitaminosis D is detected.

http://bit.ly/2HEBdRa

Vitamin D deficiency in solid‐organ transplant recipients from a Spanish Mediterranean population

Summary

Background

Solid‐organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency, mainly caused by reduced sunlight exposure with subsequent low vitamin D synthesis in the skin.

Aim

To analyse whether SOTRs from a Spanish Mediterranean region were vitamin D‐deficient.

Methods

Results

Conclusion

http://bit.ly/2HEBdRa

Transdermal absorption of active substances from cosmetic vehicles

Summary

Background

Cosmetic products mean any substance or mixture intended to be placed in contact with the external parts of the human body (eg, epidermis, lips) and should not pass to the lower parts and penetrate to the skin. As a part of evaluation of cosmetic safety, the transdermal absorption of substances should be investigated.

Materials and Methods

In vitro absorption was investigated with Franz diffusion cells on untreated porcine skin and specimens of the same treated with 15%wt. SLS. The integrity of the skin was discerned by gauging transdermal electrical conductivity (TEC), the concentration of caffeine absorbed by the samples of skin membrane by liquid chromatography, which took place by applying an emulsion and/or a gel containing active hydration agents (urea, sodium hyaluronate, and sericin).

Results

The greatest extent of caffeine penetration was seen for pretreatment with just SLS; similar results were in skin treated with the base gel with 10%wt. urea. In the skin treated with the base emulsion only, the amount of caffeine absorbed was twofold less; this increased after adding the active hydration substances. The values measured for TEC corresponded with the amount of caffeine absorbed.

Conclusion

The gel proved to be the more potent vehicle for the active ingredient, as it demonstrated greater transdermal caffeine penetration than the emulsions, correlating with the degree of damage to the skin as detected by TEC.

http://bit.ly/2sTBm9a

Transdermal absorption of active substances from cosmetic vehicles

Summary

Background

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

http://bit.ly/2sTBm9a

Ulcerated Lesions of the Oral Mucosa: Clinical and Histologic Review

Abstract

Ulcerated lesions of the oral cavity have many underlying etiologic factors, most commonly infection, immune related, traumatic, or neoplastic. A detailed patient history is critical in assessing ulcerative oral lesions and should include a complete medical and medication history; whether an inciting or triggering trauma, condition, or medication can be identified; the length of time the lesion has been present; the frequency of episodes in recurrent cases; the presence or absence of pain; and the growth of the lesion over time. For multiple or recurrent lesions the presence or history of ulcers on the skin, genital areas, or eyes should be evaluated along with any accompanying systemic symptoms such as fever, arthritis, or other signs of underlying systemic disease. Biopsy may be indicated in many ulcerative lesions of the oral cavity although some are more suitable for clinical diagnosis. Neoplastic ulcerated lesions are notorious in the oral cavity for their ability to mimic benign ulcerative lesions, highlighting the essential nature of biopsy to establish a diagnosis in cases that are not clinically identifiable or do not respond as expected to treatment. Adjunctive tests may be required for final diagnosis of some ulcerated lesions especially autoimmune lesions. Laboratory tests or evaluation to rule out systemic disease may be also required for recurrent or severe ulcerations especially when accompanied by other symptoms. This discussion will describe the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of a variety of ulcerated lesions found in the oral cavity.

http://bit.ly/2FZue3A

Ulcerated Lesions of the Oral Mucosa: Clinical and Histologic Review

Abstract

http://bit.ly/2FZue3A

Check out the ten Top-viewed articles in 2018 – Clinical Thyroidology for the Public

1. THYROID HORMONE THERAPY Taking levothyroxine with breakfast may be fine for many patients
Volume 6 Issue 11
Heather Hofflich, DO
90,612 views

2. THYROID NODULES Risk of thyroid cancer based on thyroid ultrasound findings
Volume 7 Issue 1
Jamshid Farahiti, MD
86,024 views

3. HYPOTHYROIDISM Desiccated thyroid extract vs Levothyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism
Volume 6 Issue 8
Angela M. Leung, MD, MSc
53,659 views

4. THYROID CANCER High risk of thyroid cancer in patients with multinodular goiter
Volume 6 Issue 11
Jamshid Farahiti, MD
46,359 views

5. HYPOTHYROIDISM When is the best time to take thyroid hormone?
Volume 4 Issue 5
Whitney Woodmansee, MD
46,413 views

6. THYROID AND PREGNANCY First Trimester TSH levels between 2.5 and 5.0 are associated with increased pregnancy loss
Volume 3 Issue 8
Whitney Woodmansee, MD
34,091 views

7. THYROID HORMONE TESTS Determination of optimal TSH ranges for reflex Free T4 testing
Volume 11 Issue 2
Whitney W. Woodmansee MD
22,787 views

8. HYPERTHYROIDISM Thyroid tests on newborns within the first five days will detect neonatal hyperthyroidism
Volume 7 Issue 7
Heather Hofflich, DO
21,568 views

9. THYROID AND PREGNANCY Low TSH levels early on in pregnancy may be normal
Volume 9 Issue 10
Alan P. Farwell, MD, FACE
21,047 views

10. THYROID AND PREGNANCY Increasing levothyroxine doses early in pregnancy is associated with a lower risk for pregnancy loss in hypothyroid women
Volume 9 Issue 10
Shirin Haddady, MD
20,502 views

The post Check out the ten Top-viewed articles in 2018 – Clinical Thyroidology for the Public appeared first on American Thyroid Association.

http://bit.ly/2RsRY1w

Check out the ten Top-viewed articles in 2018 – Clinical Thyroidology for the Public

1. THYROID HORMONE THERAPY Taking levothyroxine with breakfast may be fine for many patients
Volume 6 Issue 11
Heather Hofflich, DO
90,612 views

2. THYROID NODULES Risk of thyroid cancer based on thyroid ultrasound findings
Volume 7 Issue 1
Jamshid Farahiti, MD
86,024 views

3. HYPOTHYROIDISM Desiccated thyroid extract vs Levothyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism
Volume 6 Issue 8
Angela M. Leung, MD, MSc
53,659 views

4. THYROID CANCER High risk of thyroid cancer in patients with multinodular goiter
Volume 6 Issue 11
Jamshid Farahiti, MD
46,359 views

5. HYPOTHYROIDISM When is the best time to take thyroid hormone?
Volume 4 Issue 5
Whitney Woodmansee, MD
46,413 views

6. THYROID AND PREGNANCY First Trimester TSH levels between 2.5 and 5.0 are associated with increased pregnancy loss
Volume 3 Issue 8
Whitney Woodmansee, MD
34,091 views

7. THYROID HORMONE TESTS Determination of optimal TSH ranges for reflex Free T4 testing
Volume 11 Issue 2
Whitney W. Woodmansee MD
22,787 views

8. HYPERTHYROIDISM Thyroid tests on newborns within the first five days will detect neonatal hyperthyroidism
Volume 7 Issue 7
Heather Hofflich, DO
21,568 views

9. THYROID AND PREGNANCY Low TSH levels early on in pregnancy may be normal
Volume 9 Issue 10
Alan P. Farwell, MD, FACE
21,047 views

The post Check out the ten Top-viewed articles in 2018 – Clinical Thyroidology for the Public appeared first on American Thyroid Association.

http://bit.ly/2RsRY1w

The Etiology, Diagnosis and Management of Hyperhidrosis: A Comprehensive Review. Part II. Therapeutic Options

After completing this learning activity, participants should be able to describe the treatment options available for hyperhidrosis including topical antiperspirants, oral medications, injectable therapies, iontophoresis, sweat reduction medical devices, and surgical procedures; and determine the best treatment modality based on the severity and location of symptoms.

http://bit.ly/2RuKECq

Topical rapamycin in superficial lymphatic malformation: microcystic lymphatic malformation or verrucous venous malformation?

http://bit.ly/2RssdhN

Tissue-sparing properties of Mohs micrographic surgery for infiltrative basal cell carcinoma

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) should lead to tissue sparing of healthy skin compared to standard surgical excision, because smaller surgical margins are used.

http://bit.ly/2WuNgUI

Patients Believe Cosmetic Procedures Affect Their Quality of Life: An Interview Study of Patient-Reported Motivations

While treatments to address cosmetic concerns are common, patients' self-reported motives for considering such procedures have not been systematically explored.

http://bit.ly/2RswtO0

Using gauze to evenly spread starch for hyperhidrosis testing

http://bit.ly/2WuNc7q

The Etiology, Diagnosis and Management of Hyperhidrosis: A Comprehensive Review. Part I. Etiology and Clinical Work-Up

After completing this learning activity, participants should be able to discuss the epidemiological, clinical, and pathophysiological features of hyperhidrosis; describe the classification and diagnosis of hyperhidrosis, as well as the quantitative and qualitative tests that exist; recognize the burden and psychosocial effects of hyperhidrosis; and list resources available for hyperhidrosis patients and health-care professionals.

http://bit.ly/2Wy8YHt

Severe Rhinophyma. Tips and Tricks in Carbon Dioxide Laser Decortication

http://bit.ly/2RswnWE

Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris: A Study Evaluating Patient Quality of Life in Two Populations

http://bit.ly/2WwVwTS

Superficial CD34-Positive Fibroblastic Tumor: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

No abstract available

http://bit.ly/2RsgCiu

Intraoral Cutaneous Hamartomas—Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of 3 Cases

Abstract: Intraoral cutaneous hamartomas (ICHs) are uncommon mucosal lesions characterized microscopically by a combination of cutaneous structures, including various stages of follicular and sebaceous elements. Due to their rarity, the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical attributes of ICHs have not been thoroughly delineated. Three cases of ICH were identified from our records, and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies against androgen receptor, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor, p63, factor XIIIα, and CD34. All 3 ICHs involved the buccal mucosa with an M:F ratio = 2:1 and mean age = 42.3 years (age range: 27–61 years). ICHs presented as thickened, painless, white and yellow plaques or nodules of long duration, measuring 0.6–1.5 cm. No history of skin graft in the area of the lesions was reported. Histopathologically, the lesions showed aggregates of rudimentary folliculosebaceous structures. Although well-defined piloerector muscles were present in all cases of ICH, bona fide hair follicles and isolated hair shafts were identified only in 1 case. The overlying oral epithelium exhibited epidermis-like morphological features, while inflammation was generally absent. Immunohistochemically, strong and diffuse nuclear staining for androgen receptor and factor XIIIα was observed in the sebaceous glands, and estrogen receptor and p63 reactivity were confined exclusively to the peripheral basal cells, while progesterone receptor staining was negative in ICHs. CD34 diffusely decorated the lesional stroma. In conclusion, ICH is a rare lesion composed of cutaneous elements in an abnormal location. A predilection for the buccal mucosa is reported in the current study. Correspondence: Prokopios P. Argyris, DDS, MS, PhD, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (e-mail: argyr005@umn.edu). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Presented at the poster session of the Joint International Academy of Oral Pathology (IAOP) and American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (AAOMP) Meeting; June 23–28, 2018; Vancouver, Canada. Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

http://bit.ly/2WvMHd9

A Reactive Peripheral Gamma-Delta T-cell Lymphoid Proliferation After a Tick Bite

Abstract: Peripheral gamma-delta T-cell proliferations are encountered in reaction to certain infections and in primary malignancies. Identifying sources of benign reactions is key in avoiding unnecessary workup and surveillance of these aggressive malignancies. Borrelia infections have been implicated in a number of lymphoproliferative disorders, but rarely, if ever, in this setting. While gamma-delta T-cells are known to play a prominent role in the immune response to Borrelia infection, B-cell differentiation is encountered in the majority of Borrelia-associated proliferations. We present here a unique case of benign-appearing peripheral gamma-delta T-cell lymphoid proliferation in the setting of a tick-bite with subsequent erythema migrans-like skin findings. Correspondence: Seth M. Martin, BA, University of Virginia School of Medicine, 345 Crispell Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22908 (e-mail: smm4uy@virginia.edu). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

http://bit.ly/2Ru8Ftc

Syndromes that predispose to epistaxis

Abstract

Purpose

Our aim was to evaluate if epistaxis is directly associated with the etiology or pathophysiological mechanism which results in the syndrome itself or arises as a secondary effect.

Methods

We performed an extensive literature review of the web-based PubMed database from the National Library of Medicine to ascertain syndromes related to this condition. Etiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, occurrence, clinical features and management were noted for each of these syndromes.

Results

Epistaxis is commonly seen in syndromes that are usually directly related to vascular abnormalities or coagulation defects. However, in some cases, it is not.

Discussion and conclusion

Since a number of these syndromes are rare and elaborate tests are not carried out in the absence of a positive family history or until other specific clinical features appear, a risk of underdiagnosis and the dilemma of whether epistaxis is specifically related to the syndrome or a secondary effect still remains.

http://bit.ly/2UorUGo

Relationship between surrogate estimates and direct measurement of insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the relationship between surrogate estimates of insulin resistance and a direct measurement of insulin-mediated glucose uptake women with and without PCOS.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of 75 PCOS and 118 controls. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, insulin resistance as determined by the insulin suppression test, calculation of multiple surrogate estimates of insulin resistance, total and free testosterone concentrations, and correlations between the direct measure and surrogate estimates of insulin resistance were evaluated.

Result(s)

Surrogate markers of insulin resistance were correlated to a variable, but statistically significant degree with the direct measure of insulin resistance in control population and the women with PCOS. There was no correlation between the surrogate estimates of insulin resistance and total or free plasma testosterone concentrations.

Conclusion(s)

The surrogate estimates of insulin resistance evaluated were significantly related to a direct measure of insulin resistance, and this was true of both the control population and women with PCOS. The magnitude of the relationship between the surrogate estimates and the direct measurement was comparable and not significantly altered by androgen levels. Fasting plasma insulin concentration seems to be at least as accurate as any other surrogate estimate, and is by far the simplest.

http://bit.ly/2SbesZj

Methotrexate for Chinese Adults With Psoriasis With and Without Psoriatic Arthritis

This cohort study compares the effectiveness and adverse effects of methotrexate in Chinese patients with psoriasis with and without psoriatic arthritis.

http://bit.ly/2WvjY8k

Prevalence and Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest in Dermatology Patient Advocacy Organizations

This cross-sectional study uses the Kaiser Health News database to examine the current state of industry-related conflicts of interest and disclosure practices among patient advocacy organizations with dermatology.

http://bit.ly/2Ruay9o

Decreased Anti-DSG3, Not Anti-DSG1 Antibody, After Cessation of Sitagliptin Treatment for Pemphigus Vulgaris

This case report describes the occurrence of a decrease of anti-DSG3, but not anti-DSG1, after cessation of sitagliptin treatment in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris.

http://bit.ly/2WrHNOi

Narrowband UV-B vs Psoralen–UV-A for Early-Stage Mycosis Fungoides

This systematic review and meta-analysis compares response and adverse effects of psoralen–UV-A with narrowband UV-B phototherapy in patients with early-stage mycosis fungoides.

http://bit.ly/2Ruatm6

Further Consideration of the Pigmented Lesion Assay—Reply

In Reply We appreciate the comments by Beatson and Weinstock on our analysis of the pigmented lesion assay (PLA). We agree that it is important to develop tools that have the potential to help decrease biopsies of benign pigmented skin lesions such as the PLA, a gene expression melanoma rule-out test based on obtaining skin samples noninvasively via adhesive patches. We believe that it is important to view the PLA's performance relative to the performance of histopathologic diagnosis. In a large and recent study based on data from 10 US states, the sensitivity of standard histopathologic assessment in comparable in situ and early invasive melanomas was 65% ([Melanocytic Pathology Assessment Tool and Hierarchy for Diagnosis [MPATH-Dx] classes III and IV; 908 + 113 + 11+717 + 928 + 198 = 2875; 2875 of 4416 = 0.65). Even the best dermatopathologist cannot see and describe molecular changes that have yet to develop morphological correlates, thereby highlighting the limitations of our current care standard. Thus, the authors' concerns that the PLA sensitivity is low at 91% should be viewed in this comparative context. In light of this concern, it is also helpful to mention recent follow-up studies that support a PLA sensitivity in real-world settings of 95%.

http://bit.ly/2BdTzmr

Further Consideration of the Pigmented Lesion Assay

To the Editor We read with interest the article by Hornberger and Siegel, which suggested that the pigmented lesion assay (PLA) may reduce costs and improve the care of patients with skin lesions suspicious for melanoma. The noninvasive sampling of RNA is a promising approach for the diagnosis of melanoma, especially considering the intrinsic limitations of visual inspection and the cost and morbidity of histologic evaluation. It is important that we continue to develop and test instruments, such as the PLA, that have potential to decrease unnecessary biopsies of benign pigmented skin lesions.

http://bit.ly/2TmdwP7

Association Between Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Lymphoma

This cohort analysis evaluates the risk of lymphoma in adult patients with hydradenitis suppurativa in the United States.

http://bit.ly/2RrZbi0

Expression and clinicopathological role of miR146a in thyroid follicular carcinoma

Abstract

Purpose

Dysregulation of microRNA expression has been involved in the development and progression of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). The aim of this work was to study the expression of miRNA146a in FTC and the association with clinicopathological features of the disease.

Methods

Thirty-eight patients affected by FTC were included in the study. Twenty patients carrying follicular thyroid adenoma (FA) were also enroled as the benign counterpart of FTC. Total RNA including miRNA146a was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) pairs of affected/unaffected tissue and its expression was assessed by real-time PCR. Two selected target genes, TRAF6 (tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6) and IRAK1 (Il-1 receptor-associated kinase 1/2), were also analysed.

Results

miR146a expression in FTC tissue was overall not downregulated in malignant versus unaffected tissue, but its expression was inversely correlated with clinicopathological features of FTCs at diagnosis. A decreased expression of miR146a became apparent in FTC thyroid tissue of widely compared to minimally invasive tumours. However, miR146a expression differences between contralateral unaffected tissue (extra-FTC) and FTC were not observed regardless of clinicopathological features. IRAK1, a known target for miR146a, was upregulated in FTC and the increase was mainly appreciable in Hurtle FTC variant. Unexpectedly, miR146a did not correlate with TRAF6 showing an inverse trend compared to IRAK1 although both genes regulate the activity of nuclear factor- kB (NF-kB).

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that downregulation of miR146a, inversely correlated with clinicopathological features of FTCs at diagnosis and suggest a possible involvement of miR146a in FTC development. IRAK1 over-expression in FTC may be related to tumour development/progression. In vitro experiments are needed to support this hypothesis.

http://bit.ly/2DJNmAg

Expression and clinicopathological role of miR146a in thyroid follicular carcinoma

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

http://bit.ly/2DJNmAg

Komplementärmedizinische Behandlungsansätze bei oraler Mukositis und Xerostomie

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Patienten mit Tumoren im Kopf-Hals-Bereich leiden oft an einer iatrogenen Mukositis und Mundtrockenheit, die auch langfristig zu einer erheblichen Beeinträchtigung der Ernährung führen können.

Methode

Es erfolgte eine Zusammenstellung klinisch bereits geprüfter komplementärmedizinischer Behandlungsansätze und eine ergänzende Auflistung phytotherapeutischer Möglichkeiten aus dem Kanon der Traditionellen Europäischen Medizin.

Ergebnisse

Sowohl zur Behandlung der akuten Stomatitis und Mukositis als auch der akuten Xerostomie gibt es eine Reihe medikamentöser und nichtmedikamentöser Behandlungsansätze, die der Onkologe kennen und beachten sollte. Europäische Phytotherapeutika sind bisher relativ selten einer klinischen Prüfung unterzogen worden.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Nutzung komplementärmedizinischer Maßnahmen kann für die Behandlung der Mukositis und der Xerostomie im Einzelfall sinnvoll sein. Forschungsbedarf besteht insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der traditionellen europäischen Heilkräuter, da diese eine hohe Akzeptanz bei den Patienten haben.

http://bit.ly/2B9mE2w

Dietary behaviors and survival in people with head and neck cancer: Results from Head and Neck 5000

Abstract

Background

The association between diet and head and neck cancer (HNC) survival is unclear.

Methods

Cox proportional hazard models measured the association between fruit, vegetable, and deep‐fried food intake and HNC overall survival adjusting for clinical, social and lifestyle variables including smoking, alcohol, and HPV status.

Results

Fruit and vegetable intake and improved survival were associated in minimally adjusted analyses. Following adjustment for smoking and alcohol consumption (fully adjusted analyses), the association with survival disappeared for fruit (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.67, 1.23; P for trend = .55) and attenuated for vegetables (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.61, 1.03; P for trend = .04). We observed no association between survival and deep‐fried food intake in minimally adjusted or fully adjusted analyses (HR 0.88 95% CI 0.72, 1.07; P for trend = .13).

Conclusions

Vegetable intake and HNC survival are modestly associated. There is some confounding by tobacco and alcohol consumption.

http://bit.ly/2WuQ1oP

Patient‐defined duration of benefit from juvederm (hyaluronic acid) used in injection laryngoplasty

Objectives/Hypothesis

Injection laryngoplasty has become valuable in treating laryngologic disorders including vocal cord atrophy, paralysis, and paresis. Although materials such as carboxymethylcellulose and calcium hydroxylapatite are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved, they are not without limitations. Juvederm (hyaluronic acid) is an alternative treatment that is not FDA approved. Although studies have examined Juvederm's longevity in cutaneous injections, there are limited data examining durability of Juvederm used in laryngoplasty. We aimed to determine the longevity and effectiveness of Juvederm used in injection laryngoplasty.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Methods

Subjects who underwent injection laryngoplasty using Juvederm were reviewed. Longevity was defined as the time between injection and the date that a patient first noted subjective deterioration of their voice. All subjects were subsequently followed using videostroboscopy to evaluate for Juvederm resorption. Longevity was analyzed using a Kaplan‐Meier survival model, and effectiveness of laryngoplasty was determined using the Voice‐Related Quality of Life index scores and analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed ranks test.

Results

Fifty‐nine subjects met inclusion criteria and underwent Juvederm injection laryngoplasty. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis revealed a mean longevity of 10.6 months (95% confidence interval: 9.1‐12.0 months). Wilcoxon signed ranks analysis of the pre‐ and postinjection Voice Related Quality of Life (VRQOL) scores revealed improvement, with a mean preinjection VRQOL of 49.2 (standard deviation [SD] = 25.8) and mean postinjection VRQOL of 68.2 (SD = 27.5) (P < .001).

Conclusions

Injection laryngoplasty using Juvederm is an effective treatment for vocal cord atrophy, paralysis, and paresis. Knowledge of the patient‐defined duration of benefit following laryngoplasty using Juvederm plays an important role in counseling patients as well as in the planning of future interventions.

Level of Evidence

4 Laryngoscope, 2019

http://bit.ly/2FYZShN

One-year treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues does not affect body mass index, insulin sensitivity or lipid profile in girls with central precocious puberty

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print

http://bit.ly/2GcCKvp

Frequency, clinical characteristics, biochemical findings and outcomes of DKA at the onset of type-1 DM in young children and adolescents living in a developing country – an experience from a pediatric emergency department

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print

http://bit.ly/2FZjJNA

Carney complex due to a novel pathogenic variant in the PRKAR1A gene – a case report

Journal Name: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
Issue: Ahead of print

http://bit.ly/2GcCY5J

Outcome of loco-regional radiotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with abiraterone acetate

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the potential benefit of curative radiotherapy (RT) to the primary tumor in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with abiraterone.

Materials and methods

The clinical parameters of 106 mCRPC patients treated with abiraterone were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were either oligometastatic (≤5 metastases) at diagnosis or became oligometastatic after the systemic treatment was analyzed. Local RT to the primary tumor and pelvic lymphatics was delivered in 44 patients (41%), and 62 patients (59%) did not have RT to the primary tumor. After propensity match analysis, a total of 92 patients were analyzed.

Resultsn

Median follow-up time was 14.2 months (range: 2.3–54.9 months). Median overall survival (OS) was higher in patients treated with local RT to the primary tumor than in those treated without local RT with borderline significance (24.1 vs. 21.4 months; p = 0.08). Local RT to the prostate and pelvic lymphatics significantly diminished the local recurrence rate (16 patients, 31% vs. 2 patients, 5%; p = 0.003). In multivariate analysis, the prostate specific antigen (PSA) response ≥50% of the baseline obtained 3 weeks after abiraterone therapy was the only significant prognostic factor for better OS and progression-free survival (PFS). Patients treated with primary RT to the prostate had significantly less progression under abiraterone and a longer abiraterone period than those treated without local prostate RT.

Conclusions

Local prostate RT significantly improved OS and local control in mCRPC patients treated with abiraterone. The patients treated with primary RT had significantly less progression under abiraterone and a longer abiraterone period than those treated without local prostate RT.

http://bit.ly/2HCT1w0

Lymphomes cutanés primitifs : actualités thérapeutiques

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie

Author(s): O. Dereure

Résumé

L'actualité thérapeutique des lymphomes cutanés primitifs continue à être largement dominée par les lymphomes T, qui concentrent la grande majorité des nombreuses innovations thérapeutiques récentes. Celles-ci comprennent des traitements locaux, soit relativement anciens, mais « revisités » en utilisant des formes galéniques différentes (gel de chlorméthine) ou des dosages plus faibles (électronthérapie), soit plus innovants (UVA-1, photothérapie dynamique, imiquimod et résimiquimod, etc.). Toutefois ce sont surtout les traitements systémiques qui ont fait des progrès significatifs avec l'apparition de molécules « ciblées » agissant directement et spécifiquement sur les cellules tumorales (anticorps monoclonaux anti-CD30, anti-CCR4 ou anti-CD158k) et le développement de « petites » molécules telles les inhibiteurs d'histone désacétylase et de nouveaux cytostatiques. Les immunothérapies, si efficaces dans d'autres domaines de l'onco-dermatologie, sont également l'objet d'un grand intérêt tandis que l'allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques a définitivement démontré sa supériorité par rapport à l'autogreffe et fait désormais partie intégrante de l'arsenal thérapeutique. Les innovations sont certainement moins nombreuses dans les lymphomes B, mais on peut citer l'association rituximab-polychimiothérapie de type CHOP et le lénalidomide (en seconde ligne) dans les formes à grandes cellules de type « jambe » ; ainsi que là encore le développement de l'électronthérapie localisée à (très) faible dose dans les formes indolentes uni- ou paucilésionnelles.

Summary

Therapeutic progress in primary cutaneous lymphomas continues to be largely dominated by the T-cell lymphomas, towards which the great majority of recent therapeutic innovations have been directed. The latter include local treatments consisting either of relatively classical but "revamped" approaches involving different pharmaceutical forms (example: chlormethine gel) or else lower but seemingly equally effective dosages (electron therapy), or of more innovative approaches (example: UVA-1, dynamic phototherapy, imiquimod, resimiquimod). However, significant progress has been made chiefly in terms of systemic treatments with the emergence of "targeted" drugs that directly and specifically target tumour cells (monoclonal antibodies directed against CD30, CCR4 or CD158k) and the further development of "small" molecules such as histone deacetylase inhibitors and new cytostatics. Immunotherapies, which have proven so effective in other areas of oncodermatology, are also of great interest, while allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation has clearly shown its superiority over autologous transplantation and now constitutes a significant component of the therapeutic arsenal in advanced disease. While the innovations in terms of B-cell lymphomas are certainly less significant, mention must also be made of the value of rituximab combined with polychemotherapy (CHOP) and of lenalidomide (as second-line therapy) in primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, along with the development of localized (very) low-dose radiotherapy in unilesional or paucilesional indolent forms.

http://bit.ly/2SdPkRG

Lambeau myocutané en îlot du dorsum nasal pour la reconstruction d’une perte de substance de la pointe nasale

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie

Author(s): L. Nespoulous, O. Cogrel

http://bit.ly/2HIldO6

Porphyries cutanées

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie

Author(s): J.-F. Cuny

Résumé

Les porphyries sont des maladies métaboliques consécutives à une anomalie innée de la biosynthèse de l'hème dont les tableaux cliniques sont variés en fonction de l'anomalie génétique enzymatique en cause. Il s'agit d'affections génétiques ayant une transmission autosomique dominante ou récessive à pénétrance variable, dont l'expression clinique diffère en fonction de la localisation préférentielle d'accumulation des précurseurs de l'hème. Différentes classifications ont été proposées en fonction de la transmission génétique, l'anomalie enzymatique en cause, l'expression clinique. La classification clinique distingue les porphyries aiguës (porphyrie aiguë intermittente, porphyrie variegata, coproporphyrie héréditaire), les porphyries cutanées bulleuses (porphyrie cutanée tardive, porphyrie variegata et coproporphyrie héréditaire), les porphyries aiguës cutanées douloureuses photosensibles (protoporphyrie érythropoïétique et protoporphyrie dominante liée à l'X), et des porphyries récessives rares (porphyrie érythropoïétique congénitale, porphyrie de Doss, porphyrie hépatoérythropoïétique et hardéroporphyrie). Le traitement est fonction de l'expression clinique.

Summary

The porphyrias are a group of metabolic disorders resulting from an innate abnormality in haem biosynthesis, and the clinical settings of which vary according to the genetic enzyme abnormality in question. These are genetic disorders with autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance of varying penetrance, and whose clinical expression differs according to the preferential location of haem precursors. Different classifications have been proposed according to genetic inheritance, the enzyme anomaly at issue, and clinical expression. The clinical classification distinguishes between acute porphyria (acute intermittent porphyria, porphyria variegata, hereditary coproporphyria), bullous cutaneous porphyrias (porphyria cutanea tarda, porphyria variegata and hereditary coproporphyria), painful photosensitive acute cutaneous porphyrias (erythropoietic protoporphyria and X-linked dominant protoporphyria), and rare recessive porphyrias (congenital erythropoietic porphyria, Doss porphyria, hepatoerythropoietic porphyria and harderoporphyria). Treatment depends on the clinical expression of the disorder.

http://bit.ly/2SaDmbq

Clinicopathological significance of tumor cyclin D1 expression in oral cancer

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Pablo Ramos-García, Miguel Ángel González-Moles, Lucía González-Ruiz, Ángela Ayén, Isabel Ruiz-Ávila, Manuel Bravo, José Antonio Gil-Montoya

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the association of cyclin D1 overexpression with clinicopathological parameters classically considered of prognostic value in OSCC (T, N, M, clinical stage, degree of differentiation, invasive morphology and, cellular proliferation index).

Design

A retrospective immunohistochemical study was conducted of cyclin D1 and ki-67 expression in 68 OSCCs from 54 patients. Cases were scanned using a digital pathology system. The tumor expression of markers was assessed in four randomly selected fields (40x), and a semi-automatized count was conducted of cyclin D1-positive and -negative cells.

Results

Cyclin D1 overexpression was found in 28.7% of the cases of OSCC. It was significantly and positively associated with the following clinicopathological parameters: low tumor differentiation degree (p = 0.030), invasive morphology (p = 0.045), and proliferative phenotype according to tumor cell ki-67 expression(p = 0.018).

Conclusions

Cyclin D1 overexpression is an event of oral carcinogenesis associated with clinicopathological parameters classically associated with a poor prognosis in patients with OSCC.

http://bit.ly/2UsJSrg

Deletion of cas3 gene in Streptococcus mutans affects biofilm formation and increases fluoride sensitivity

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Boyu Tang, Tao Gong, Xuedong Zhou, Miao Lu, Jumei Zeng, Xian Peng, Shida Wang, Yuqing Li

Abstract

Objective

The goal of this study was to analyze the impact of cas3 gene on the biofilm formation and virulence gene expression in S. mutans, since our previous studies have found a connection between CRISPR/Cas systems and biofilm formation in S. mutans.

Methods

The cas3 gene in-frame deletion strains of S. mutans UA159 was constructed by a two-step transformation procedure and the cas3 mutant strain was complemented in trans. The biofilm biomass was measured by crystal violet staining, and the synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS) was measured by the anthrone-sulfuric method. Biofilm analysis and structural imaging was using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) assays. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to analyze the spatiotemporal interactions between S. mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. Fluoride sensitivity was determined using fluoride tolerance assays. The expression of biofilm formation related genes was evaluated by qRT-PCR.

Results

Our results showed that S. mutans cas3 deletion strain formed less biofilm and became less competitive when it was co-cultured with S. sanguinis under fluoride treatment. The expression levels of virulence genes including vicR, gtfC, smu0630 and comDE were significantly downregulated.

Conclusions

The cas3 gene in S. mutans could regulate biofilm formation and fluoride resistance, consequently affecting S. mutans competitiveness in a dual-species biofilm model under fluoride treatment. These results also provide a potential strategy for enhancing fluoride specificity, with cas3 gene as a potential genetic target in the modulation of oral microecology and the treatment of dental caries.

http://bit.ly/2DJ1NEA

Bismuth supplements as the first‐line regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: Systemic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Background and Aims

An increase in the use of antibiotics leads to increased antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori). Consequently, it has been considered that the first‐line standard regimen should be changed. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nonantibiotic (bismuth) supplements as a first‐line regimen for H pylori eradication.

Methods

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported in English and undertaken up until August 2018. A meta‐analysis of all randomized controlled trials comparing bismuth supplements with non‐bismuth‐containing regimens in H pylori eradication was performed. RCTs of classic bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy as a first‐line regimen were excluded.

Results

We identified twenty‐five randomized trials (3990 patients), and the total H pylori eradication rate, according to per protocol analyzed, was 85.8%. The odds ratio was 1.83 (95% confidence interval (CI). 1.57‐2.13). Among these RCTs, there were 7 RCTs for bismuth add‐on therapy, and the odds ratio was 2.81 (95% CI. 2.03‐3.89). When the studies were performed in a high clarithromycin resistance area (≥15%) or included patients with clarithromycin resistance, bismuth‐containing regimens were superior to non‐bismuth regimens. Moreover, the incidence of total side effects was insignificant.

Conclusions

Bismuth supplements as a first‐line regimen could be effective, with bismuth add‐on regimens being the most effective. Particularly, bismuth supplements showed the potential efficacy for clarithromycin‐resistant strains and would be the most viable alternative in clinical practice.

http://bit.ly/2TlKkrt

Bismuth supplements as the first‐line regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: Systemic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Background and Aims

Methods

Results

Conclusions

http://bit.ly/2TlKkrt

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with increased aquaporin-4 microparticles prior to autoantibodies in cerebrospinal fluid: a case report

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are severe autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system associated with the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against the water channel protein a...

http://bit.ly/2COIEiU

Severe Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection Complicated by Myositis, Refractory Rhabdomyolysis, and Compartment Syndrome

Myositis is a rare and morbid complication of influenza infection that can rapidly progress to rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure. Here, we describe a 35-year-old obese woman with severe influenza A(H1N1) virus infection complicated by myositis, refractory rhabdomyolysis, and compartment syndrome.

http://bit.ly/2DJN1xz

Removal of benzene by non-thermal plasma catalysis over manganese oxides through a facile synthesis method

Abstract

Three manganese oxide catalysts (MnO_x) were synthesized via a simple method, and then they were introduced into the non-thermal plasma (NTP) system for benzene removal. The XRD and EXAFS results showed the MnO_x were mainly in the Mn₃O₄ phase, and from the analysis of N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms, we knew the MnO_x calcined at 250 °C (Mn250) had the largest surface area of 274.5 m² g⁻¹. Besides, Mn250 also exerted higher benzene adsorption capacity (0.430 mmol g⁻¹) according to C₆H₆-TPD. O₂-TPD indicated that Mn250 showed better oxygen mobility than Mn300. Moreover, by analyzing XPS results, it revealed that Mn250 exhibited rich abundant of surface adsorbed oxygen species (O_ads) and moderate ratio of Mn⁴⁺/Mn³⁺, and the reducibility temperature was also the lowest among all the MnO_x catalysts drawn by H₂-TPR profiles. As a result, Mn250 combined with NTP could remove 96.9% of benzene at a low input power of 3 W (benzene concentration 200 ppm, and GHSV 60,000 mL g_cat.⁻¹ h⁻¹), performing the best catalytic activity among the three catalysts and plasma only. Furthermore, the "NTP + Mn250" system also produced the highest CO₂ concentration and lowest CO concentration in downstream, and the residual O₃ after catalytic reaction was also the lowest, that is to say, the synergistic effect between NTP and Mn250 was more effective than other catalysts in benzene removal.

Graphical abstract

ᅟ

http://bit.ly/2Gapd7A

Letter to the editor “Estimation of sodium adsorption ratio indicator using data mining methods: a case study in Urmia Lake basin, Iran” by Mohammad Taghi Sattari, Arya Farkhondeh, and John Patrick Abraham

http://bit.ly/2FXfvWO

Relative hyperestrogenism in Klinefelter Syndrome: results from a meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective

Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) is classically described as characterized by hyperestrogenism, although solid evidence is lacking. This study aims to test the hypothesis that men with KS have higher serum estradiol than normal controls.

Design

Meta-analysis of all studies extracted by MEDLINE from 1942 to 31 January 2018. All studies reporting serum estradiol measurement were considered, among them only case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis.

Methods

Meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA statement using RevMan.

Results

Out of 4120 articles, 23 case-control studies, 14 case series, and 19 case reports reported data on serum estradiol. A total of 707 KS and 1019 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Serum estradiol was slightly, but significantly higher in KS than controls (mean difference 4.25 pg/mL; CI: 0.41, 8.10 pg/mL; p = 0.030). This difference was lost considering only studies using estradiol assays with good accuracy (5.48 pg/mL, CI: −2.11, 13.07 pg/mL; p = 0.160). Serum testosterone and estradiol/testosterone ratio were significantly lower and higher in KS than controls, respectively. Data from KS case series and case reports confirmed that serum estradiol is within the normal ranges.

Conclusions

Serum estradiol is not increased in KS although slightly higher than controls. However, the meta-analysis that included only studies using a serum estradiol assay with good accuracy showed no difference in serum estradiol between KS and controls. The traditional belief that KS is associated with elevated serum estradiol should be reconsidered. This meta-analysis shows that men with KS have relative hyperestrogenism (increased estradiol/testosterone ratio) compared to controls.

http://bit.ly/2ToA2Xu

Issue Information ‐ TOC

http://bit.ly/2G8JB9k

In this Issue: Graphical Abstracts

http://bit.ly/2G21wPR

Issue Information ‐ Cover and Editorial Board

http://bit.ly/2G8JvhY

Detecting the recruitment phenomenon in adults using 80-Hz auditory steady-state response

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Auris Nasus Larynx

Author(s): Toshinori Kubota, Tsukasa Ito, Yasuhiro Abe, Hiroyuki Chiba, Yutaka Suzuki, Seiji Kakehata, Masaru Aoyagi

Abstract

Objectives

The ASSR is used widely as an objective measurement of hearing in clinical settings because of its high frequency specificity. The recruitment phenomenon is generally detected using subjective evaluations which require direct communication with the patient. If the recruitment phenomenon can be detected with ASSR, it would facilitate diagnosis in patients with developmental disorders and infants.

Subjects and methods

We examined 2 groups of subjects: 10 subjects with unilateral hearing impairment in whom the recruitment phenomenon was detected by the alternate binaural loudness balance test and 12 normal subjects. We compared the relationships between the ASSR response and the stimulus sound pressure level in the 2 groups using the 80-Hz ASSR.

Results

The amplitude of ASSR was significantly higher in the impaired ear in hearing-impaired subjects compared to a normal ear in normal subjects. The latency of ASSR was significantly shorter in the impaired ear in hearing-impaired subjects than in the normal ear in the normal subjects.

Conclusion

This study showed that the recruitment phenomenon caused the higher amplitude and the shorter latency observed in hearing-impaired subjects in the 80-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) in comparison with normal subjects.

http://bit.ly/2HG9tM6

Histologically proven AMA positive primary biliary cholangitis but normal serum alkaline phosphatase: Is alkaline phosphatase truly a surrogate marker?

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Journal of Autoimmunity

Author(s): Chunyan Sun, Xiao Xiao, Li Yan, Li Sheng, Qixia Wang, Pan Jiang, Min Lian, Yanmei Li, Yiran Wei, Jun Zhang, Yong Chen, Bo Li, You Li, Binyuan Huang, Yikang Li, Yanshen Peng, Xiaoyu Chen, Jingyuan Fang, Dekai Qiu, Jing Hua

Abstract

Background and aims

The most highly directed and specific autoantibody in human immunopathology is the serologic hallmark of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs). However the clinical significance of finding a positive AMA, with normal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) remains enigmatic.

Methods

We took advantage of 169 consecutive outpatients who were identified as having a positive AMA, but normal ALP levels between January 2012 and January 2018. A liver biopsy was performed on 67/169 of these AMA positive normal ALP patients.

Results

In all 169 patients we reconfirmed the AMA and also performed anti-gp210 and anti-sp100, liver stiffness (LSM) assessed by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, and either a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound. The liver biopsies were reviewed by two unbiased observers. 87.6% of the 169 patients were females with a mean age of 46; the median AMA titer 1:320; an elevated serum IgM was found in 53.3%. Importantly, in patients with a liver biopsy, 55（82.1%）out of 67 had varying degrees of cholangitis activity, diagnostic of PBC.

Conclusion

In patients who were AMA-positive but had normal ALP levels, more than 80% were associated with histological classic PBC. These data emphasize the importance of a positive AMA, even with a normal ALP and also question the role of ALP as a sole surrogate marker of cholangitis.

http://bit.ly/2B7Cbja

Relative hyperestrogenism in Klinefelter Syndrome: results from a meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective

Design

Methods

Meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA statement using RevMan.

Results

Conclusions

http://bit.ly/2ToA2Xu

The Efficacy of Omalizumab in Cutaneous Mastocytosis: A Case Series

Abstract

Background

Mastocytosis describes a heterogeneous group of disorders arising from a clonal proliferation of mast cells. Given the lack of curative treatments for the cutaneous form, there is a significant need for superior therapies. Omalizumab is a recombinant DNA‐derived humanized IgG monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to human immunoglobulin E (IgE). It represents a potential treatment for the treatment of cutaneous mastocytosis, which currently has no standard treatment.

Methods

Two patients were treated with subcutaneous omalizumab 300 mg every four weeks.

Discussion

Patient one experienced 50% reduction in cutaneous infiltration and moderate improvement in pruritus. Patient two underwent 90% complete clearance of cutaneous lesions and reported full resolution of pruritus. The median duration of treatment was 24 weeks and time to response was eight weeks. No significant changes in tryptase levels were observed. Both patients experienced injection site reactions.

Conclusion

We provide evidence from two cases supporting the efficacy of IgE‐mediated therapy in the treatment of cutaneous mastocytosis. Even at a higher‐than‐standard dose (300mg versus 150mg), the drug was well‐tolerated. As we await the results of pivotal clinical trials, omalizumab appears to be a promising treatment option in patients with cutaneous mastocytosis unresponsive to traditional therapies.

http://bit.ly/2sUDTjB

Effectiveness and safety of switching to biosimilar infliximab and etanercept in patients with psoriasis

Abstract

Real‐life data on the effectiveness and safety of biosimilar and biologic drugs licensed for treatment of psoriasis is lacking. We retrospectively analysed patient records from 69 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis treated at the department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark in the period March 1st 2015 to October 1st 2017 who were administratively switched from the anti‐TNF biologics infliximab (Remicade) and etanercept (Enbrel) to the biosimilars Remsima and Benepali, respectively.

Approximately 25% of patients treated with infliximab and approximately 40% of patients treated with etanercept reported a worse effect after being switched from the original drug to its biosimilar. Quality of life was worse in approximately 30% after switching in both patient groups, respectively. The number of patients reporting adverse events increased in both groups.

http://bit.ly/2MDCrLe

Issue Information

http://bit.ly/2Gevuzn

Clinical Snippets

http://bit.ly/2FWJVZl

The Efficacy of Omalizumab in Cutaneous Mastocytosis: A Case Series

Abstract

Background

Methods

Two patients were treated with subcutaneous omalizumab 300 mg every four weeks.

Discussion

Conclusion

http://bit.ly/2sUDTjB

Effectiveness and safety of switching to biosimilar infliximab and etanercept in patients with psoriasis

Abstract

http://bit.ly/2MDCrLe

Cover figure

Publication date: February 2019

Source: Cortex, Volume 111

Author(s):

http://bit.ly/2SaAlId

Prism adaptation: From rehabilitation to neural bases

Publication date: February 2019

Source: Cortex, Volume 111

Author(s): Yves Rossetti, Shigeru Kitazawa, Tanja Nijboer

http://bit.ly/2HGZC8J

Acknowledgements 2018

Publication date: February 2019

Source: Cortex, Volume 111

Author(s):

http://bit.ly/2SaAcVb

Editorial Board

Publication date: February 2019

Source: Cortex, Volume 111

Author(s):

http://bit.ly/2HEcfBn

Circadian circuits in humans: White matter microstructure predicts daytime sleepiness

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Cortex

Author(s): Kristin Koller, Robert D. Rafal, Paul G. Mullins

Abstract

The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus is the chief circadian pacemaker in the brain, and is entrained to day-night cycles by visual afferents from melanopsin containing retinal ganglion cells via the inferior accessory optic tract. Tracer studies have demonstrated efferents from the suprachiasmatic nucleus projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, which in turn project to first-order sympathetic neurons in the intermedio-lateral grey of the spinal chord. Sympathetic projections to the pineal gland trigger the secretion of the sleep inducing hormone melatonin. The current study reports the first demonstration of potential sympathopetal hypothalamic projections involved in circadian regulation in humans with in vivo virtual white matter dissections using probabilistic diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography. Additionally, our data shows a correlation between individual differences in white matter microstructure (measured with fractional anisotropy) and increased daytime sleepiness (measured with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS, Johns, 1991)). Sympathopetal connections with the hypothalamus were virtually dissected using designated masks in the optic chiasm, which served as an anatomical landmark for retinal fibres projecting to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and a waypoint mask on the lateral medulla, where hypothalamic projections to the sympathetic nervous system traverse in humans. Sympathopetal projections were demonstrated in each hemisphere in twenty-six subjects. The tract passed through the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and its trajectory corresponds to the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus traversing the periaqueductal region and the lateral medulla. White matter microstructure (FA) in the left hemisphere correlated with high scores on the ESS, suggesting an association between circadian pathway white matter microstructure, and increased daytime sleepiness and decreased arousal.

http://bit.ly/2SaA4VH

Mice carrying a humanized Foxp2 knock-in allele show region-specific shifts of striatal Foxp2 expression levels

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Cortex

Author(s): C. Schreiweis, T. Irinopoulou, B. Vieth, L. Laddada, F. Oury, E. Burguière, W. Enard, M. Groszer

Abstract

Genetic and clinical studies of speech and language disorders are providing starting points to unravel underlying neurobiological mechanisms. The gene encoding the transcription factor FOXP2 has been the first example of a gene involved in the development and evolution of this human-specific trait. A number of autosomal-dominant FOXP2 mutations are associated with developmental speech and language deficits indicating that gene dosage plays an important role in the disorder. Comparative genomics studies suggest that two human-specific amino acid substitutions in FOXP2 might have been positively selected during human evolution. A knock-in mouse model carrying these two amino acid changes in the endogenous mouse Foxp2 gene (Foxp2^hum/hum) shows profound changes in striatum-dependent behaviour and neurophysiology, supporting a functional role for these changes. However, how this affects Foxp2 expression patterns in different striatal regions and compartments has not been assessed. Here, we characterized Foxp2 protein expression patterns in adult striatal tissue in Foxp2^hum/hum mice. Consistent with prior reports in wildtype mice, we find that striatal neurons in Foxp2^hum/hum mice and wildtype littermates express Foxp2 in a range from low to high levels. However, we observe a shift towards more cells with higher Foxp2 expression levels in Foxp2^hum/hum mice, significantly depending on the striatal region and the compartment. As potential behavioural readout of these shifts in Foxp2 levels across striatal neurons, we employed a morphine sensitization assay. While we did not detect differences in morphine-induced hyperlocomotion during acute treatment, there was an attenuated hyperlocomotion plateau during sensitization in Foxp2^hum/hum mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the humanized Foxp2 allele in a mouse background is associated with a shift in striatal Foxp2 protein expression pattern.

http://bit.ly/2HGZBBH

Lexical retrieval treatment in primary progressive aphasia:An investigation of treatment duration in a heterogeneous case series

Publication date: Available online 30 January 2019

Source: Cortex

Author(s): Karen Croot, Theresa Raiser, Cathleen Taylor-Rubin, Leanne Ruggero, Nibal Ackl, Elisabeth Wlasich, Adrian Danek, Angela Scharfenberg, David Foxe, John R. Hodges, Olivier Piguet, Nicole A. Kochan, Lyndsey Nickels

Abstract

Word-finding difficulty is typically an early and frustrating symptom of primary progressive aphasia (PPA), prompting investigations of lexical retrieval treatment in PPA. This study aimed to investigate immediate treatment gains following two versus four weeks of treatment, item generalisation, and maintenance of gains with ongoing treatment in a single case series of eight individuals with heterogeneous PPA presentations (three non-fluent/agrammatic, two logopenic, two semantic, and one mixed PPA). Three individuals made initial gains in picture naming and maintained them over 6 months or more with ongoing treatment. By contrast, three individuals made marginal initial gains but were unable to continue treatment, and two individuals did not make the typically-reported initial gains with two or four weeks of treatment. There was little evidence of generalisation to untreated items. Our results add to the evidence that daily home practice of Repetition and Reading in the Presence of a Picture over extended periods can increase and maintain retrieval of personally-relevant words in picture naming for some individuals with semantic or nonfluent/agrammatic variant PPA. Further research is needed into the factors associated with long-term treatment adherence and gains, and the factors associated with nonadherence to treatment.

http://bit.ly/2ShzwgK

Musical memory and hippocampus revisited: Evidence from a musical layperson with highly selective hippocampal damage

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Cortex

Author(s): Nazli Esfahani-Bayerl, Carsten Finke, Ute Kopp, Daa-Un Moon, Christoph J. Ploner

Abstract

The role of the human hippocampus for musical memory is still unclear. While imaging studies in healthy humans have repeatedly shown hippocampal activation in musical memory tasks, studies in musicians with chronic bilateral medial temporal lobe damage and in non-musicians suffering from neuro-degenerative diseases suggest that musical memory may at least partly be independent of hippocampal integrity. Here, we report on a musical layperson who acutely developed an amnesic syndrome in the context of autoimmune encephalitis. Structural and resting state functional MRI revealed exceptionally selective bilateral lesions of the hippocampi and altered functional connectivity with retrosplenial cortex and precuneus. Neuropsychological testing showed a severe global amnesic syndrome. Perception and processing of scales, melodic contours, intervals, rhythms and meter were unaffected. Most notably, the patient performed completely normally on tests of recognition memory for unfamiliar melodies and excerpts of complex musical material, while recognition memory for visual and verbal information was severely impaired. Likewise, emotional evaluation of musical excerpts did not differ from controls. We infer that integrity of musical processing and recognition memory in patients with hippocampal dysfunction does not result from training-induced or post-lesional brain plasticity, but rather reflects integrity of brain networks outside the hippocampi and presumably also outside retrosplenial cortex and precuneus. Our findings suggest major differences in the neural substrates of musical and non-musical recognition memory.

http://bit.ly/2HFyIhF

Merkelzellkarzinom

Zusammenfassung

Das Merkelzellkarzinom ist ein seltener, hoch aggressiver Hauttumor des älteren Menschen. Er besitzt neuroendokrine Eigenschaften. Die Pathogenese ist mit chronischer UV-Licht-Exposition und dem Merkelzell-Polyomavirus assoziiert. Klinisch fällt das Merkelzellkarzinom durch einen solitären, kutan oder subkutan gelegenen, roten bis bläulichen Knoten auf. Da der Tumor frühzeitig lymphogen metastasiert, sind zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnosestellung in etwa 30 % der Fälle bereits lokoregionäre Metastasen vorhanden. Die häufigen Lokalrezidive sowie die regionäre und ferne Metastasierung zeigen sich meist innerhalb der ersten 2 bis 3 Jahre nach Erstdiagnose. Die erste Therapie nach Diagnosestellung besteht in der vollständigen operativen Entfernung des Primärtumors mit weitem Sicherheitsabstand sowie einer Sentinellymphknotenbiopsie. Anschließend sollte eine adjuvante Radiatio des Tumorbetts erfolgen. Durch eine zusätzliche Bestrahlung der regionären Lymphknotenstationen kann die Rate lokoregionärer Rezidive gesenkt werden. Für die systemische Therapie des fortgeschrittenen Merkelzellkarzinoms haben sich gegen die PD-1/PD-L1-Achse gerichtete Checkpoint-Inhibitoren als gut und dauerhaft wirksam erwiesen. Die vormals häufig eingesetzte Chemotherapie zeigt hingegen zwar mäßige bis gute Ansprechraten, diese sind jedoch in der Regel von sehr kurzer Dauer.

http://bit.ly/2UnAx40

Soy isoflavones reduce asthma exacerbation in asthmatics with high PAI-1 producing genotypes

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Seong H. Cho, A Ra Jo, Thomas Casale, Su J. Jeong, Seung-Jae Hong, Jonathan Cho, Janet T. Holbrook, Rajesh Kumar, Lewis J. Smith

Abstract

Background

The 4G4G genotype of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is associated with increased plasma PAI-1 levels and poor asthma control. Previous studies suggest that soy isoflavones may reduce PAI-1 levels.

Objective

We sought to investigate PAI-1 genotype-specific differences of the soy isoflavone response in asthma outcomes.

Methods

A PAI-1 functional polymorphism (rs1799768, 4G5G) was characterized in subjects with poorly controlled asthma enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of soy isoflavones (n=265). Genotype-specific treatment responses on asthma outcomes were compared between soy isoflavones versus placebo. Normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) were cultured with or without TGF-β1 and/or genistein, and PAI-1 levels were measured.

Results

The 4G4G/4G5G genotype was associated with a higher risk for allergy-related worsened asthma symptoms and eczema at baseline compared to the 5G5G genotype. There was a significant interaction between the genotype and soy isoflavone intervention on oral corticosteroid use for asthma exacerbation (p=0.005). In a subgroup analysis, soy isoflavones significantly reduced the use of oral corticosteroids (number of events/person-year) by four-fold compared to the placebo in the 4G4G/4G5G genotype (0.2 vs 0.8, relative risk 0.28, p <0.001) but not in the 5G5G genotype. Soy isoflavones reduced plasma PAI-1 levels compared to the placebo. Genistein treatment reduced TGF-β1-induced PAI-1 production in NHBE.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that soy isoflavone treatment provides a significant benefit in reducing the number of severe asthma exacerbations in asthmatic subjects with the high PAI-1 producing genotype. PAI-1 polymorphisms can be used as a genetic biomarker for soy isoflavone responsive subjects with asthma.

http://bit.ly/2HEaqEx

Non-atopic severe asthma might still be atopic: Sensitization towards Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Jens Schreiber, Barbara M. Bröker, Rainer Ehmann, Claus Bachert

http://bit.ly/2SlDkxD

Selective IgA deficiency in humans is associated with reduced gut microbial diversity

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Silje Fjellgård Jørgensen, Kristian Holm, Magnhild Eide Macpherson, Christopher Storm-Larsen, Martin Kummen, Børre Fevang, Pål Aukrust, Johannes Roksund Hov

http://bit.ly/2HEakg9

Differential effect of inhibitory strategies of the V617 mutant of JAK2 on cytokine receptor signaling

Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Emilie Leroy, Thomas Balligand, Christian Pecquet, Céline Mouton, Didier Colau, Andrew K. Shiau, Alexandra Dusa, Stefan N. Constantinescu

Abstract

Background

Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) plays pivotal roles in signaling by several cytokine receptors. The mutant JAK2 V617F is the most common molecular event associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Selective targeting of the mutant would be ideal for treating these pathologies by sparing essential JAK2 functions.

Objective

We characterize inhibitory strategies for JAK2 V617F and assess their impact on physiological signaling by distinct cytokine receptors.

Methods

Via structure-guided mutagenesis, we assessed the role of key residues around F617 and used a combination of cellular and biochemical assays to measure the activity of JAKs in reconstituted cells. We also assessed the effect of several specific JAK2 V617F inhibitory mutations on receptor dimerization using the NanoBiT protein complementation approach.

Results

We identified a novel JH2 αC mutation, A598F, suggested to inhibit the aromatic stacking between F617 with F594 and F595. Like other JAK2 V617F inhibitory mutations, A598F decreased oncogenic activation and spared cytokine activation, while preventing JAK2 V617F-promoted EpoR dimerization.

Surprisingly, A598F and other V617F inhibiting mutations (F595A, E596R, F537A) significantly impaired IFNγ signaling. This was specific for IFNγ since the inhibitory mutations preserved responses to ligand of a series of receptor complexes. Similarly, homologous mutations in JAK1 prevented signaling by IFNγ.

Conclusions

The region of the JH2 αC, which is required for JAK2 V617F hyperactivation, is crucial for relaying cytokine-induced signaling of the interferon gamma receptor. We discuss how strategies aiming to inhibit JAK2 V617F could be used for identifying inhibitors of IFNγ signaling.

http://bit.ly/2SfVK2x

The Best of 2018 in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology

The editors of the Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology considered more than 750 submissions for publication in 2018. From that number, we accepted 323 articles, letters, and other features to be included in the 12 issues of the 2018 Annals. Every feature was carefully scrutinized before acceptance, and there were multiple articles that were acceptable but were not used because of space constraints (ie, we do not have room to publish all of the acceptable manuscripts we received). Accordingly, the 323 are already the "best" of the submissions that were submitted last year.

http://bit.ly/2WuBcCE

Author's reply

I thank Okafor et al for their interest in our article "A Critical Need: Increasing Interest in the Field of Allergy and Immunology in Medical Students and Residents" and their thoughtful questions. The general downward trend in the number of candidates per fellowship position in the Allergy and Immunology (AI) fellowship training program match from 1.7 in 2008 to 1.0 in 2018 is concerning and an area of discussion and planning for many in the field.1,2 A study by Macy et al3 revealed that the key time in the decision-making process on whether to pursue fellowship training could be in the final years of medical school or early in primary residency training, so those points in one's career might be the best focus of any interventions to increase engagement and interest in AI.

http://bit.ly/2RrgcJh

Sex and allergic diseases

Differences between women and men are pervasive in human biology, including the immune system.1 The direct effects of sex hormones have not been comprehensively evaluated; however, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells are known to express receptors for sex hormones.2 There is also evidence to suggest that estrogens act as enhancers of humoral responses, autoimmunity, mast cell reactivity, and delayed type IV allergic reactions, whereas androgens, progesterone, and glucocorticoids may have an immunosuppressive effect.

http://bit.ly/2WuAe9u

Information for Readers

http://bit.ly/2RpsfqL

A critical need

We read with interest Dr Scherzer's1 article on the downward trend in applicants for allergy and immunology (AI) fellowship programs, and we commend Dr Scherzer for exploring approaches to increase interest.

http://bit.ly/2WuzO2U

Information for Authors

http://bit.ly/2RprVIz

Editorial Board

http://bit.ly/2Wwiydx

Is hereditary angioedema related to an increased risk of atherosclerosis?

We paid close attention in reading the interesting paper by Nebenführer et al,1 whose findings excluded the presence of endothelial dysfunction in hereditary angioedema with C1 inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) patients. Their results are opposite of those recently published by our research group.2 Because the issue is important, impaired endothelial function being correlated with future occurrences of adverse cardiovascular events and cardiac death,3 we think that a few points should be worthy of debate.

http://bit.ly/2Rn2lE1

http://bit.ly/2WsuuNE

This book is part of a series that provides detailed reviews of advances in specific immunologic topics....

This book is part of a series that provides detailed reviews of advances in specific immunologic topics. It is divided into 5 chapters authored by experts in the field: 1) Eosinophil Development, Disease Involvement, and Therapeutic Suppression; 2) Unexpected Roles for Intracellular Complement in the Regulation of Th1 Responses; 3) Chemokines: Critical Regulators of Memory T Cell Development, Maintenance, and Function; 4) Molecular Classification of Primary Immunodeficiencies of T Lymphocytes; 5) Molecular Aspects of Allergens and Allergy.

http://bit.ly/2Rn29Vj

Issue Information

http://bit.ly/2Rpp0Q7

Asthma and oral immunotherapy biomarkers

http://bit.ly/2RuKWta

Best of the other journals

http://bit.ly/2Wtl30w

Forthcoming Meetings

http://bit.ly/2WwzaBZ

Characterization of sensitization to furry animal allergen components in an adult population

Abstract

Background

There are paucity of data on sensitization to furry animal allergen components in adults. Furry animals are major sensitizers and contributors to asthma burden in northern Europe and North America.

Objective

To characterize sensitization patterns to furry animal allergen components in Swedish adults.

Methods

Based on the West Sweden Asthma Study, a random population (n=1103) and an asthma sample (n=769) were tested for allergen sensitization using Phadiatop^®. Those with IgE ≥0.35 kU_A/L were tested for cat (Fel d 1, 2, and 4), dog (Can f 1, 2, 3, and 5) and horse (Equ c 1) allergen component sensitization. We defined allergen component poly‐sensitization patterns, identified data‐driven sensitization clusters, described component sensitization overlaps, and assessed determinants of sensitization patterns.

Results

The prevalence of allergen components sensitization ranged from 0.8% for Fel d 2 and Can f 3 to 8.9% for Fel d 1. The most common dog component was Can f 5 (3.6%); 2.1% were sensitized to Equ c 1. Those sensitized to Fel d 2 and Fel d 4 were commonly sensitized to Fel d 1. The most common dog component overlap was between Can f 1/Can f 2 and Can f 5. Mono‐sensitization was 5.6%,double‐ 1.5% and poly‐sensitization (2.1%). Sensitization was always higher in the asthma than in the random sample. Three sensitization clusters were derived, namely: non‐sensitized (90% in random vs. 66% in asthma sample); Fel d 1‐driven sensitized (7% vs. 19%); and multi‐sensitized (3% vs. 15%). Key determinants of sensitization were gender, age, raised on a farm, family history of allergy or asthma, smoking, and occupational exposure to dust or fumes.

Conclusions & Clinical Relevance

Fel d 1 and Can f 5 are the most common cat and dog components sensitization in this adult Swedish population. Mono‐sensitization is more common than poly‐sensitization. This detailed characterization highlights the current distribution of furry animal allergen components in Swedish adults and their impact on clinical outcomes of asthma will be further explored.

http://bit.ly/2RpoVMj

Epinephrine dispensings, allergy hospitalisations and the elimination of co‐payments in Sweden

http://bit.ly/2RqMHYf

Is Human Papilloma Virus Infection Linked to Periodontitis? A Narrative Review

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Research suggests that periodontal tissue might serve as a reservoir for oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, while another hypothesis is that chronic inflammation of the tissue might perpetuate an infection with oral HPV infection. In this narrative review, we summarize the evidence related to a potential association between oral HPV infection and periodontitis.

Recent Findings

Twelve articles were identified, and their key findings summarized. Studies vary in sample size, study population, study design, and methods for assessment of oral HPV and periodontitis. Although results are conflicting and still inconclusive, various studies have found an association between oral HPV infection and periodontitis, which is supported by biological plausibility.

Summary

Future longitudinal studies should further evaluate this association, using clinical definitions of oral HPV infection and periodontitis, and focusing on high-risk populations for oral HPV infection. Studying this association is important since periodontitis might help identify at-risk individuals for oral HPV infection and potentially HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers.

http://bit.ly/2ThmoW5

Metaplastic basal cell carcinoma developing into syringomatous carcinoma: An enigmatic case report

http://bit.ly/2FYKMsC

Multiple pebble‐like ectopic nails as a subsequent complication of phenol cauterization treatment for onychocryptosis

http://bit.ly/2G8sxjM

Zinc transporters in the epidermis

http://bit.ly/2G98Qbr

Co‐existence of Juvenile dermatomyositis and psoriasis vulgaris with fungal infection: A case report and literature review

Summary

Introduction

The incidence rate of psoriasis vulgaris (PSV) coexisting with Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is low. Through our thorough literature search, we found that PSV arising on JDM with superficial fungal infection of facial skin is rarely reported. So, we hereby, report a case of combination of the above three diseases. Meanwhile, we also reviewed the previous literatures aiming at the related basis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases. Interestingly, of all cases, this case is the only one in which the symptom of muscle weakness preceded the appearance of rash.

Case Presentation

A 21‐year‐old man diagnosed with JDM 6 years ago came to our inpatient department due to the appearance of new rash. Skin examination showed some sharply demarcated scaly plaques over the head, neck, torso, and bilateral upper limbs with pruritus and scaling. Histological examination and typical clinical manifestation confirmed the diagnosis of PSV for his new rash. Family history was negative for JDM and PSV. The clear erythema located on his face revealed the existence of superficial fungal infection with the help of fungal fluorescence microscopy. He had marked improvement of his symptoms with the treatment given at our department. In the past 3 months, the patient has been on regular follow‐up at our outpatient department, and his condition is stable at present.

Discussion

This paper presents a case of PSV arising on JDM coexisting with superficial fungal infection on the face hoping that this will help clinicians in the better diagnosis of the diseases during literature search.

http://bit.ly/2CPZn5A

Identification and validation of amino acid‐based mild exfoliating agents through a de novo screening method

Summary

Background

Due to internal or external factors, the desquamation (turnover) rate of the stratum corneum slows down, resulting in skin problems. Therefore, adjusting the exfoliation rate through cosmetics is an important issue.

Objective

This report aimed to develop exfoliating agents with lesser adverse effects and higher efficiency through an ex vivo screening method and in vivo turnover rate analysis of human skin.

Methods

Various molecules were evaluated by the ex vivo porcine skin exfoliation method and screened for their potential as effective agents. To confirm the effect and mechanism of each agent found, the exfoliation efficiency was evaluated. Each agent was also applied to the actual human skin to determine its efficacy and side effects.

Results

Despite the pH 6, carnitine and serine, which have similar or better efficiency compared to PHA, were selected. Based on the results, it was confirmed that calcium. And it is nonirritating to the human skin and increases the turnover rate (~130%).

Conclusion

Amino acid‐based exfoliating agents, such as carnitine and serine, were identified and verified to enhance the rate of exfoliation of the stratum corneum. It is expected that the improvement of dullness, mild acne, fine wrinkles, and pores through skin exfoliation in the field of cosmetics can be achieved safely through these agents.

http://bit.ly/2RY26V7

Efficacy and possible mechanisms of botulinum toxin treatment of oily skin

Summary

Background

Oily skin is one of the most common dermatological complaints. Oily skin may be accompanied by enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Moreover, oily skin has negative effects on self‐perception. Most therapeutic approaches used to treat oily skin have had varying degrees of efficacy and include topical treatments, such as photodynamic therapy and lasers. However, certain of these therapies for oily skin may lead to severe side effects. With the expanding use and high safety profile of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT‐A), its use in the treatment of oily skin has caused significant concerns; moreover, relevant reports have gradually accumulated to address the efficacy of BoNT‐A and explore its mechanisms of action.

Aims

The objective of this article was to review the efficacy and possible treatment mechanisms of BoNT‐A on oily skin.

Methods

A retrospective review of the published data was conducted.

Results

Most studies have suggested that the intradermal injection of BoNT‐A decreased sebum production and pore size. Furthermore, this treatment attained high patient satisfaction without significant side effects. BoNT‐A effectively decreased sebum production and excretion, which was in keeping with previous studies, possibly via its blockade of cholinergic signaling and its neuromodulatory effects.

Conclusions

Intradermal BoNT‐A injection may represent a promising new treatment for oily skin and other relevant dermatological problems, such as enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Further study is still needed to determine the specific mechanisms of BoNT‐A and the optimal injection techniques and doses for oily skin and other relevant cosmetic concerns.

http://bit.ly/2CQNyw6

Co‐existence of Juvenile dermatomyositis and psoriasis vulgaris with fungal infection: A case report and literature review

Summary

Introduction

Case Presentation

Discussion

http://bit.ly/2CPZn5A

Identification and validation of amino acid‐based mild exfoliating agents through a de novo screening method

Summary

Background

Objective

This report aimed to develop exfoliating agents with lesser adverse effects and higher efficiency through an ex vivo screening method and in vivo turnover rate analysis of human skin.

Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

! # Ola via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader

Η λίστα ιστολογίων μου

Τετάρτη 30 Ιανουαρίου 2019

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