Head and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis: 08/19/18

Κυριακή 19 Αυγούστου 2018

Reconstructive considerations in low and middle-income countries

Purpose of review Surgical mission trips in head and neck surgery are common. There are an increasing number of surgical groups performing complex reconstructions in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Consideration of reconstructive options that are location and patient specific are critical for optimum patient care and local physician education. Recent findings The pectoralis muscle regional flap is a versatile and reliable option and has been shown to reconstruct defects in nearly every head and neck subsite. Additional regional flap options described are the supraclavicular island flap and submental island flap. There are 15 published case series describing experience with performing microvascular reconstructions in LMIC. The average success rate was 87.1%. Both loupe and microscope magnification are used. Summary Complex reconstructions are successfully being performed in LMIC. Although microvascular reconstruction is being utilized by some groups, local and patient-specific factors should be carefully considered, as many regional and local flap options available provide the same reconstruction benefit while minimizing operating room time, resources, and postoperative care needs. Correspondence to Chad Zender, MD, University Hospitals Ear, Nose and Throat Institute, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Tel: +1 216 844 5307; fax: +1 216 201 5157; e-mail: chad.zender@uhhospitals.org Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Analyzing the environmental Kuznets curve for the EU countries: the role of ecological footprint

Abstract

A great majority of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) literature use CO₂ emissions to proxy for environmental degradation. However, this is an important shortage in application of the EKC concept because environmental degradation cannot be captured by CO₂ emissions only. By using a broader proxy, ecological footprint, this study aims to investigate the presence of environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for the EU countries. The annual data from 1980 to 2013 is examined with second generation panel data methodologies which take into account the cross-sectional dependence among countries. The results show that there is U-shaped relationship between the real income and ecological footprint. In addition, non-renewable energy increases the environmental degradation while renewable energy and trade openness decrease the environmental degradation in the EU countries. Policy implications are further discussed.

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Book Review—Practical cytopathology: a diagnostic approach to fine needle aspiration biopsy, 1st edition

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Book Review—Diagnostic pathology: bone, 2nd edition

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Adverse drug reaction with silodosin: a case report of an unusual skin rash

Abstract

Silodosin is a selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Adverse events include retrograde ejaculation, dizziness, diarrhea, vasodilator symptoms, and postural hypotension. Skin adverse reactions to silodosin such as eruption, purpura, and jaundice are uncommon. This article reports a case of unusual silodosin-related skin rash, Naranjo score 5, which regressed after applying combined intense pulsed light (IPL)/fractional CO₂ laser/chemical treatments and drug interruption.

Level of evidence: Level V, risk/prognostic.

https://ift.tt/2N5sMwI

Hearing Performance in the Follicular-Luteal Phase of the Menstrual Cycle

Introduction. Estrogen has a protective role on auditory function. It may have an excitatory action on auditory nerve fibers and can have a neuroprotective effect. Progesterone has a mainly inhibitory action on the central nervous system, which may balance the mainly excitatory action of estrogen. Objective. To determine changes in hearing performance with pure tone audiometry (PTA), tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) as hormonal changes occur from follicular to luteal phase. Materials and Methods. Twenty healthy female volunteers (age 19 ± 30 years) with normal menstrual cycle and without any hearing problems are included in this case-control study. Hearing evaluation was performed on the 13th day of the menstrual cycle (follicular phase) and then on the 22nd day (luteal phase). Results. All of the participants had normal results in follicular phase. In luteal phase, four cases showed abnormalities as follows: reduced hearing thresholds 250 Hz (mean= 15 dBHL), increased amplitudes of DPOAE (mean= 3 dBspl), decreased middle ear pressure (mean= -110 dapa), and delayed ABR interpeak latencies (mean of IPLs I-III= 0.4 and mean of IPLs III-V= 0.6 ms). Conclusions. In some women, changing of ovarian hormones may induce fluctuating hearing and increased progesterone in luteal phase can lead to abnormal outcomes in auditory function. However, elevated estrogen modifies its consequences in follicular phase.

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American Thyroid Association Announces 2018 Research Grant Recipients

The post American Thyroid Association Announces 2018 Research Grant Recipients appeared first on American Thyroid Association.

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American Thyroid Association Announces 2018 Research Grant Recipients

The post American Thyroid Association Announces 2018 Research Grant Recipients appeared first on American Thyroid Association.

https://ift.tt/2Mxbxr1

Association between Diabetes and Asthma: Evidence from a Nationwide Korean Study

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation, resulting in bronchoconstriction, airway remodeling, and airway obstruction.1,2 It is a serious health issue world-wide, affecting more than 300 million individuals. The global prevalence of clinical asthma has increased during recent decades.3 Although the absolute prevalence of asthma in Korea is reported to be lower than that of other countries,4,5 the prevalence of asthma has been steadily increasing from 4.94% to 5.7% between 2006 and 2010.

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Parent-Physician Perceptions of Shared Decision-Making and Care Coordination for Children with Asthma

In conducting initiatives to improve care quality for children with asthma, a useful approach begins with identifying alignments and discordances in perceptions of parents and providers. Studies applying this approach have generally focused on parent-provider perceptions of children's asthma control and medication use.1-3 A need exists for assessing the 2 groups' perceptions of collaborative patient-centered practices.4-8 In the context of a quality improvement (QI) program in 2 health systems, we compared parents' and interdisciplinary physicians' perceptions and self-reported practices regarding pediatric asthma education, shared decision-making, and care coordination.

https://ift.tt/2MnZcGg

Is small airways dysfunction related to asthma control and type 2 inflammation?

Small airways dysfunction (SAD) in persistent adult asthmatics who have a preserved forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is related to worse asthma control.1 Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is an effort-independent test used to phenotype SAD which involves normal quiet tidal breathing.2 Peripheral airways resistance can be derived from the difference between resistance at 5 Hz and 20 Hz (R5-R20) while the area under the reactance curve (AX) reflects the peripheral lung compliance.3 In patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma, R5-R20 and AX but not spirometry were closely related to asthma control assessed by asthma control questionnaire (ACQ).

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Exploration of genetic factors determining cleft side in a pair of monozygotic twins with mirror-image cleft lip and palate using whole-genome sequencing and comparison of craniofacial morphology

Publication date: Available online 19 August 2018

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): Masahiro Takahashi, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Tetsutaro Yamaguchi, Ryo Nagahama, Hiroshi Yoshida, Mary L. Marazita, Seth M. Weinberg, Koutaro Maki, Atsushi Tajima

Abstract

Objective

The aim of the present study is to explore genetic factors determining difference of cleft side using whole-genome sequencing and evaluation of craniofacial morphology using cephalometric analysis between Japanese monozygotic (MZ) twins with mirror-image cleft lip and palate (CLP).

Design

We selected a Japanese MZ twin pair (MZ-A and MZ-B) affected with unilateral CLP who are discordant for cleft side (left/right) and conducted whole-genome sequencing to identify genetic factors determining cleft side. Moreover, we compared their craniofacial morphologies using cephalograms.

Results

Whole-genome sequencing results suggested that no discordant DNA variants were found between MZ-A and MZ-B. The comparison of craniofacial morphology between the MZ twins revealed that MZ-B had maxillary deficiency and slightly more mandibular protrusion than MZ-A.

Conclusions

It is indicated that environmental factors might be a critical factor that influences the determination of difference of cleft side in orofacial clefts. In addition, we found some differences in craniofacial morphology between MZ-A and MZ-B. Our findings suggest that various environmental factors, such as epigenetics, might be a critical factor that influences the determination of difference of cleft side in CLP rather than inherited genetic factors.

https://ift.tt/2PnK89l

PULP PATHOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH ANCIENT MAYA DENTAL INLAYS

Publication date: Available online 19 August 2018

Source: Archives of Oral Biology

Author(s): M. Ramírez-Salomón, E. Vega-Lizama, P. Quintana-Owen, A. Cucina, V. Tiesler

Abstract

Objective

The ancient Maya used to practice dental inlays as part of the cultural traditions. Most of those inlays remain in place after more than one thousand years. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the incidence of pulp pathosis associated with ancient Maya dental inlays to assess the impact that such common practice had on the population's oral health.

Design

We scored 193 anterior inlaid teeth from 107 pre-Hispanic Maya dentitions studied at three archaeological storage facilities (Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Harvard University, Atlas of Guatemala Project). Two hundred eleven untreated frontal teeth of pre-Hispanic Mayan collections were used as controls. We performed macroscopic, radiographic and microscopic analyses to assess the frequency of caries, pulp calcifications, internal root resorption (IRR), and periapical lesions (PALs).

Results

In the inlaid teeth, the frequencies of pulp calcifications, IRR, caries and PALs were 59.8%, 2.2%, 18.5% and 19.2%, respectively. Compared with untreated teeth, inlaid specimens exhibited greater susceptibility to caries, pulp calcifications, IRR and PALs than untreated teeth (pulp calcifications: 44.5%, IRR: 0%, caries: 1.4%, and PAL: 1.9%). Age-at-death did not have any significant influence on susceptibility to pulp calcifications, IRR, caries or PALs.

Conclusions

We noted relatively low pulp irritation and a low frequency of carious infections, IRR and PALs in Mayan inlaid teeth. However, these levels exceeded the frequencies of untreated teeth from the same area and time period. We follow that the cements used by the pre-Hispanic Maya to fix the inlays into their sockets provided excellent sealing characteristics on average.

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Is small airways dysfunction related to asthma control and type 2 inflammation?

Publication date: Available online 19 August 2018

Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

Author(s): Chris RuiWen Kuo, Sunny Jabbal, Brian Lipworth

https://ift.tt/2vXKHib

Association between Diabetes and Asthma: Evidence from a Nationwide Korean Study

Publication date: Available online 19 August 2018

Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

Author(s): Ji Yeon Baek, Seung Eun Lee, Kyungdo Han, Eun Hee Koh

https://ift.tt/2L304KY

Parent-Physician Perceptions of Shared Decision-Making and Care Coordination for Children with Asthma

Publication date: Available online 19 August 2018

Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

Author(s): Giselle Mosnaim, Andrew H. Liu, Laura C. Simone, Madeleine Shalowitz, Ewa H. Schafer, Sindhura Bandi, Christopher D. Codispoti, James J.L. Mateka, Laurence Greene, Tamar Sapir

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Unsuspected Cause of Respiratory Distress: Unrecognized Esophageal Foreign Body

Summary. Foreign bodies in esophagus are avoidable accidents that occur most often in children younger than 3 years. The most common presenting symptoms are dysphagia, drooling, and vomiting. Revelation by respiratory distress is a rare and unusual condition. Objective. We describe and discuss the case of an esophageal foreign body, in which the patient presented with respiratory distress. Case report. A two-year-old child was admitted to the emergency department for acute respiratory distress. He had no history of choking episodes or dysphagia. Nevertheless, he was brought by his parents several times for a persistent cough and wheezing that was treated as asthma for a month. Pulmonary examination had revealed polypnea, suprasternal recession, scattered snoring, and diffuse wheeze. As part of his assessment, a chest X-ray was demanded. It had shown, as unexpected, a nonmetallic foreign body in the upper thoracic esophagus. A clothing button was removed by hypopharyngoscopy under sedation without any incident. Subsequent follow-up had not shown any complications related to this episode. Conclusion. Large esophageal foreign bodies can impinge on the trachea causing upper respiratory tract signs. We alert clinicians on variation in the presentation of foreign body ingestion, and we emphasize the importance of an early diagnosis and management.

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Pneumomediastinum, Pneumopericardium, and Epidural Pneumatosis following Adenotonsillectomy: A Very Rare Complication

Adenotonsillectomy is a common surgical otolaryngology procedure that is associated with several complications, including hemorrhage, odynophagia, damage to teeth, taste disorders, atlantoaxial subluxation, lingual edema, infection, and injury of the carotid artery. Pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and epidural pneumatosis are an extremely unusual condition in children with adenotonsillectomy. Treatment should be conservative in the majority of cases and based on benign self-limiting course of these diseases; early recognition can prevent further complications. The combination of pneumomediastinum with epidural pneumatosis, pneumopericardium, retropharyngeal-prevertebral pneumatosis, axillar-perihumeral pneumatosis, and subcutaneous emphysema is also a very rare condition. We present a unique case with the radiological findings of air in all of these areas in a 6-year-old male child with adenotonsillectomy. The case was unusual in that the patient developed this complication 3 hours later after adenotonsillectomy with severe vomitting. The possible mechanism, the algorithm of treatment, and precautions in such cases will be discussed.

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Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and microRNAs: Challenges and future perspectives in oral cancer

Head &Neck, EarlyView.

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Noninvasive, tube‐based, continuous vagal nerve monitoring using the laryngeal adductor reflex: Feasibility study of 134 nerves at risk

Head &Neck, EarlyView.

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Local production of prolactin in lesions may play a pathogenic role in psoriatic patients and imiquimod‐induced psoriasis‐like mouse model

Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2nNVVRL

Role of IL‐17A receptor blocking in melanocytes survival: A strategic intervention against vitiligo

Experimental Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

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Autoantibody to transcriptional intermediary factor‐1β as myositis‐specific antibody: clinical correlation with CADM or DM with mild myopathy

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2MA6YfC

Impact of Hidradenitis Suppurativa on Work Loss, Indirect Costs and Income

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2N1iTA6

Skin resident memory T cell population is not effectively constructed in systemic sclerosis

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2MugIIj

Long‐term 52‐week trends in apremilast safety outcomes for treatment of psoriasis in clinical practice: a multicentre, retrospective case series

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2BxkIDE

Autoantibody to transcriptional intermediary factor‐1β as myositis‐specific antibody: clinical correlation with CADM or DM with mild myopathy

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2MA6YfC

Impact of Hidradenitis Suppurativa on Work Loss, Indirect Costs and Income

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2N1iTA6

Skin resident memory T cell population is not effectively constructed in systemic sclerosis

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2MugIIj

Long‐term 52‐week trends in apremilast safety outcomes for treatment of psoriasis in clinical practice: a multicentre, retrospective case series

British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.

https://ift.tt/2BxkIDE

Cosmetics, Vol. 5, Pages 50: The Use of Plants in Skin-Care Products, Cosmetics and Fragrances: Past and Present

Cosmetics, Vol. 5, Pages 50: The Use of Plants in Skin-Care Products, Cosmetics and Fragrances: Past and Present

Cosmetics doi: 10.3390/cosmetics5030050

Authors: Francisco José González-Minero Luis Bravo-Díaz

This work discusses the way people have used plants over time (basically since Ancient Egypt) to care for their physical aspect, and also how natural resources (especially plants) are currently used in personal-care products. Many plant species are ancient. This paper also shows examples of plants used for personal care which are investigated with new scientific advances.

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! # Ola via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader

Η λίστα ιστολογίων μου

Κυριακή 19 Αυγούστου 2018

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