Practice Patterns and Projections for the US Pediatric Otolaryngology Workforce.

Practice Patterns and Projections for the US Pediatric Otolaryngology Workforce.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Bell JR, Ruch-Ross H, Hotaling AJ

Abstract
Importance: This study represents up-to-date information on the current status of and future projections for the pediatric otolaryngology workforce.
Objective: To provide an update on the practice patterns of and projections for the US pediatric otolaryngology workforce.
Design, Setting, and Participants: An online survey was sent to all 172 members of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and fielded from May 29, 2014, to September 17, 2014.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Current status of and perceived trends in the pediatric otolaryngology workforce.
Results: Eighty-four (48.8%) of the 172 members responded to the survey. Not all respondents answered all questions, and so totals and percentages might not reflect a total of 84 for any given response. The demographics and practice characteristics of the responding pediatric otolaryngologists were similar to those noted in a 1997 workforce survey. Fifty-four percent of respondents (n = 38) planned to continue full-time work over the next 5 years, and 47% (n = 31) believed that the number of patients in their practice was increasing. The proportion of those who believed that the need for pediatric otolaryngologists in their community was increasing (31%; n = 21) or decreasing (13%; n = 9) remained relatively constant from the 1997 survey (34% and 12%, respectively). Forty-nine percent (n = 35) reported believing that the number of pediatric otolaryngologists being trained was appropriate and that the need in their community was stable. Eighty-three percent (n = 55) reported believing that employment opportunities for pediatric otolaryngologists in the United States would be plentiful in the near future.
Conclusions and Relevance: The overall state of the pediatric otolaryngology workforce appears stable. The perceived current and future needs for pediatric otolaryngologists appear to be met by the current number of trainees. Employment opportunities appear promising for future pediatric otolaryngologists based on our respondents' opinions. This represents up-to-date information on the current status of and future projections for the pediatric otolaryngology workforce.

PMID: 27310717 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb1gO4


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mE91
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WR2lww
via IFTTT

Evaluating the Esophageal Epithelial Integrity: More Complex than it Seems.

Related Articles

Evaluating the Esophageal Epithelial Integrity: More Complex than it Seems.

Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 Feb;111(2):295-6

Authors: Farré R

PMID: 26882948 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UD1KZ2


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USD5m5
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QbxaKe
via IFTTT

Highlights.

Highlights.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 1;142(6):511

Authors:

PMID: 27310422 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb2zfT


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3lvhB
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1ZWbrWY
via IFTTT

A Longitudinal Study of Symptoms of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in an Elderly Community-Dwelling Population.

A Longitudinal Study of Symptoms of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in an Elderly Community-Dwelling Population.

Dysphagia. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Nimmons D, Michou E, Jones M, Pendleton N, Horan M, Hamdy S

Abstract
Dysphagia has been estimated to affect around 8-16 % of healthy elderly individuals living in the community. The present study investigated the stability of perceived dysphagia symptoms over a 3-year period and whether such symptoms predicted death outcomes. A population of 800 and 550 elderly community-dwelling individuals were sent the Sydney Swallow Questionnaire (SSQ) in 2009 and 2012, respectively, where an arbitrary score of 180 or more was chosen to indicate symptomatic dysphagia. The telephone interview cognitive screen measured cognitive performance and the Geriatric Depression Scale measured depression. Regression models were used to investigate associations with dysphagia symptom scores, cognition, depression, age, gender and a history of stroke; a paired t test was used to examine if individual mean scores had changed. A total of 528 participants were included in the analysis. In 2009, dysphagia was associated with age (P = 0.028, OR 1.07, CI 1.01, 1.13) and stroke (P = 0.046, OR 2.04, CI 1.01, 4.11) but these associations were no longer present in 2012. Those who had symptomatic dysphagia in 2009 (n = 75) showed a shift towards improvement in swallowing (P < 0.001, mean = -174.4, CI -243.6, -105.3), and for those who died from pneumonia, there was no association between the SSQ derived swallowing score and death (P = 0.509, OR 0.10, CI -0.41, -0.20). We conclude that swallowing symptoms are a temporally dynamic process, which increases our knowledge on swallowing in the elderly.

PMID: 27307155 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Yw9bqN


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCa58
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WR3mEE
via IFTTT

Provocative testing of the esophagus and its future.

Provocative testing of the esophagus and its future.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Farmer AD, Franchina M, Gregersen H, Penagini R, Shaker A, Soffer E

Abstract
Standard tests in clinical practice commonly fail to demonstrate a clear esophageal etiology for symptoms such as heartburn, dysphagia, or chest pain. Over the years, various provocative measures have been developed to provide a better understanding of the origins of such symptoms. Some measures, such as esophageal acid infusion or changing bolus consistency, can be easily incorporated into clinical practice. Others, such as multimodal stimulation systems, are more technically demanding. They have contributed to a better understanding of esophageal physiology in health and disease. Their role in clinical decision making is still evolving. This focused review provides a summary of the esophageal nociceptive pathways and how provocative testing can be used to interrogate their integrity.

PMID: 27311061 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QaZGeV


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mnTt
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1ZWbhi5
via IFTTT

[An association between adenoid hypertrophy and exstra-gastroesophageal reflux disease].

Related Articles

[An association between adenoid hypertrophy and exstra-gastroesophageal reflux disease].

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2015 Aug;29(15):1406-8

Authors: Ren J, Zhao Y, Ren X

Abstract
Adenoid hypertrophy is a disease that mostly occurs among children of 3-5 years old. It is caused by repeated inflammation and infection of nasopharynx and its adjoin parts, or the adenoid itself, which will finally leads to pathological hyperplasia of adenoid. With so much information we have acquired about this disease, its specific mechanism remains unknown. In recent years, some researches have indicated that adenoid hypertrophy may have something to do with extra-gastroesophageal reflux, in which pepsin plays a very important role, and pepsin will do a series of pathological damages to the upper airway as it reaches the upper respiratory tract. Based on relative domestic and foreign literature, this paper attempts to make a review about the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux and adenoid hypertrophy.

PMID: 26685418 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Yw93rb


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCOPT
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WR2kbW
via IFTTT

Efficacy and safety of povidone-iodine irrigation in reducing the risk of capsular contracture in aesthetic breast augmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

No abstract available

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YvkZJV


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3lv15
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1ZWcLZV
via IFTTT

Nanotechnology: a novel adjunctive aid to fight cancer

Abstract

Nanotechnology deals with manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres. It has diverse applications including nanomedicine and nanodentistry. In recent years, nanotechnology found several promising fields of action in developing dental materials with improved chemical and physical properties by incorporating of a myriad of nanoparticles (e.g., quartz, colloidal silica, zirconia, zinc oxide) (Padovani et al, 2015).

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PxPGXv


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCC3p
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WR2O1B
via IFTTT

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 1;142(6):513

Authors:

PMID: 27310423 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qc2R8


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mcHM
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1ZWcvdn
via IFTTT

Zeaxanthin-based dietary supplement and topical serum improve hydration and reduce wrinkle count in female subjects

Summary

Background

Dietary modification, through supplementation and elimination diets, has become an area of interest to help slow skin aging, reduce symptom severity or prevent reoccurrence of certain dermatologic conditions [Clinical Dermatology vol. 31 (2013) 677–700].

Free radical components (reactive oxygen species or ROS) or lipid peroxide (LPO) is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of accelerated skin aging when prolonged oxidative stress occurs. The use of antioxidant-related therapies such as nutraceuticals is of particular interest in restoring skin homeostasis.

Antioxidant carotenoid zeaxanthin is concentrated in the eye and skin tissue and believed to decrease the formation of ROS associated with UV light exposure. With zeaxanthin, phytoceramides, and botanical extracts an oral and topical test product (with zeaxanthin, algae extracts, peptides, hyaluronate) have been developed to improve the appearance and condition of skin when used as directed.

Methods

Subjects were divided into three groups: two tests (skin formula 1 – oral product alone (ZO-1), skin formula 2- oral product with topical product (ZO-2 + ZT)), and one placebo control. The study consisted of a washout visit, baseline (randomization), week two (2), week four (4), week six (6), week eight (8), and week twelve (12). Key parameters measured were as follows: fine lines, deep lines, total wrinkles, wrinkle severity, radiance/skin color (L, a*, b*), discolorations, and skin pigment homogeneity.

Results

Thirty-one subjects completed the twelve-week study; no adverse events were recorded during the study. Statistically significant improvements from baseline mean hydration score were observed in active groups at weeks 2, 6, and 8. A statistically significant difference was observed between mean differences from baseline scores for total wrinkle count at week 4 for the combination active groups compared to placebo. A statistically significant difference from baseline scores for fine lines count was also observed at the week 4 visit compared to placebo for both active groups. Statistically significant differences from baseline scores for average wrinkles severity were seen for week 12 visit for both active groups compared to placebo.

Conclusion

We have shown that the combination of zeaxanthin-based dietary supplement plus a topical formulation produces superior hydration to that of placebo. Additionally, we have shown that the combination of oral and topical combination vs. oral alone has superior abilities to improve parameters associated with facial lines and wrinkles compared to placebo, although the dietary supplement alone proved most effective in reducing wrinkle count and severity.

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb259v


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCK2E
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WR2NL5
via IFTTT

Recognition and Documentation of Strangulation Crimes: A Review.

Recognition and Documentation of Strangulation Crimes: A Review.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Armstrong M, Strack GB

Abstract
Importance: Strangulation accounts for 10% of violent deaths in the United States and 15% to 20% of deaths associated with domestic violence. However, strangulation deaths represent only a small fraction of nonfatal strangulation assaults, which occur with daily frequency in medium to large US cities. Careful evaluation and documentation of strangulation injuries may identify life-threatening medical conditions, and may facilitate prosecution of strangulation crimes.
Observations: The most recent article on strangulation identified in the otolaryngology literature was published in 1989, leaving a generation of head and neck surgeons without current guidance regarding this injury. However, strangulation is a common form of intimate partner violence. Among the 300 cases of strangulation reviewed in San Diego in 1995, most survivors (94%) were women who were strangled by a male member of their own household. Many state laws require evidence of injury to prosecute felony strangulation, but as shown in the review of 300 cases, most survivors (97%) were strangled with the perpetrator's hands, leaving little to no sign of injury in most cases. Survivors may seek an otolaryngology consultation with complaints of hoarseness, sore throat, respiratory disturbance, or accidental injury to the neck. A thorough head and neck examination may reveal marks on the neck, facial petechiae, and neck swelling. Fiberoptic laryngoscopy is recommended to look for petechiae and swelling in the airway. Chest radiographs may demonstrate postobstructive edema, and computed tomography of the neck may demonstrate vascular injuries. The most sensitive test for subtle strangulation injuries is magnetic imaging of the neck. Careful examination and documentation can provide critical evidence for the prosecution of these crimes.
Conclusions and Relevance: Otolaryngologists should be knowledgeable of the subtle patterns of injury and potentially life-threatening complications of strangulation and should consider domestic violence in women presenting with throat complaints or bruises on the neck.

PMID: 27308820 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qbQBs


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3miz1
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1ZWcIgv
via IFTTT

Decreasing expression of glucose-regulated protein GRP78/BiP as a significant prognostic predictor in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background

The immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP)/glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is important in the endoplasmic reticulum stress, and is highly expressed in various human cancers. The clinical and pathological features of GRP78/BiP are unclear in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of GRP78/BiP as a prognostic marker for laryngeal SCC.

Methods

A total of 59 patients with advanced laryngeal SCC (stage III/IV) were analyzed, and tumor specimens were stained by immunohistochemistry for GRP78/BiP and Ki-67. Microvessel density was determined by immunohistochemical staining for CD34 and p53.

Results

Expression of GRP78/BiP was confirmed in 87% of cases. Decreased expression of GRP78/BiP was highly associated with positive expression of p53. Decreased GRP78/BiP expression was identified on multivariate analysis as an independent factor of decreased progression-free survival (PFS).

Conclusion

GRP78/BiP was found to be commonly expressed in laryngeal SCC, whereas its downregulation was found to serve a significant prognostic role for predicting poor survival in patients with laryngeal SCC with advanced disease. GRP78/BiP may be a potentially attractive target for the treatment of various human neoplasms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb1x3u


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USBzjY
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UdcQ7K
via IFTTT

Relapsed/refractory pediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with rituximab combination therapy: A report from the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group

Relapsed/refractory pediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with rituximab combination therapy: A report from the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group:

Abstract

Background

Pediatric relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) has been reported to be extremely difficult to cure, but rituximab is expected to be effective in improving the prognosis of pediatric R/R B-NHL patients. Here, we assessed the treatment and prognosis of pediatric R/R B-NHL in the rituximab era in Japan.

Methods

We collected information on patients with R/R B-NHL who were registered with the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group (JPLSG) B-NHL03 protocol, a nationwide multicenter trial for newly diagnosed patients. We assessed the treatment and outcome of 33 pediatric R/R B-NHL cases.

Results

Twenty-eight patients received rituximab combination therapy as salvage treatment. R-ICE (rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide), the most common regimen, was used in 22 patients as first-line salvage therapy. Twenty-three patients received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Among all 33 patients, 23 (70.0%) achieved partial remission or complete remission. Their 5-year overall survival rate was 48.5%, which was far superior to that in both our previous study and in another study on pediatric R/R B-NHL. Four toxic deaths associated with viral infection occurred after allogeneic HSCT following on rituximab combined salvage therapy. Risk factor multivariate analysis for survival in patients receiving rituximab combination therapy showed central nervous system combined relapse had inferior outcome.

Conclusions

The prognosis of pediatric R/R B-NHL in a Japanese cohort remained poor but is showing improvement in the rituximab era. Rituximab combination therapy is effective for R/R B-NHL patients who did not receive rituximab as primary treatment. We need to consider possible viral infections in allogeneic HSCT after rituximab treatment.

from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QbvH6L
via IFTTT

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a neoplasm and consequently its recurrence is a relapse

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a neoplasm and consequently its recurrence is a relapse:

Abstract

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) remains a poorly understood disorder with heterogeneous clinical presentations characterized by focal or disseminated lesions that contain excessive CD1a+ langerin+ cells with dendritic cell features known as "LCH cells." Two of the major questions investigated over the past century have been (i) the origin of LCH cells and (ii) whether LCH is primarily an immune dysregulatory disorder or a neoplasm. Current opinion is that LCH cells are likely to arise from hematopoietic precursor cells, although the stage of derailment and site of transformation remain unclear and may vary in patients with different extent of disease. Over the years, evidence has provided the view that LCH is a neoplasm. The demonstration of clonality of LCH cells, insufficient evidence alone for neoplasia, is now bolstered by finding driver somatic mutations in BRAF in up to 55% of patients with LCH, and activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK (where MEK and ERK are mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, respectively) pathway in nearly 100% of patients with LCH. Herein, we review the evidence that recurrent genetic abnormalities characterized by activating oncogenic mutations should satisfy prerequisites for LCH to be called a neoplasm. As a consequence, recurrent episodes of LCH should be considered relapsed disease rather than disease reactivation. Mapping the complete genetic landscape of this intriguing disease will provide additional support for the conclusion that LCH is a neoplasm and is likely to provide more potential opportunities for molecularly targeted therapies.

from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1S91rTY
via IFTTT

Prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome: a meta-analysis

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome, using meta-analysis methodology. Two independent investigators carried out a literature search to locate articles pertaining to permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome. The outcomes of interest were the prevalence and pattern of permanent tooth agenesis. Thirteen articles were selected for inclusion. The estimated overall prevalence of permanent tooth agenesis, excluding third molars, was 54.6% (95% CI: 44–66%). Considerable heterogeneity was present across the studies. Among subjects with tooth agenesis, approximately half had three or more missing teeth. The permanent teeth with the highest prevalence of agenesis were the maxillary lateral incisor (27%), mandibular second premolar (21%) and maxillary second premolar (18%). The single most commonly absent tooth, however, was the mandibular left second mandibular premolar (19.9%), followed by the maxillary left lateral incisor (19.4%). Little data describing specific tooth-agenesis patterns were available. In conclusion, individuals with Down syndrome display high prevalence rates and severity of agenesis of permanent teeth. Proper and timely diagnosis of missing permanent teeth is thus necessary, to allow a more comprehensive long-term treatment plan and a more favorable prognosis in these individuals.

from #ENT via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YwkyPz


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3n3Z7
via IFTTT

Prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome: a meta-analysis

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome, using meta-analysis methodology. Two independent investigators carried out a literature search to locate articles pertaining to permanent tooth agenesis in individuals with Down syndrome. The outcomes of interest were the prevalence and pattern of permanent tooth agenesis. Thirteen articles were selected for inclusion. The estimated overall prevalence of permanent tooth agenesis, excluding third molars, was 54.6% (95% CI: 44–66%). Considerable heterogeneity was present across the studies. Among subjects with tooth agenesis, approximately half had three or more missing teeth. The permanent teeth with the highest prevalence of agenesis were the maxillary lateral incisor (27%), mandibular second premolar (21%) and maxillary second premolar (18%). The single most commonly absent tooth, however, was the mandibular left second mandibular premolar (19.9%), followed by the maxillary left lateral incisor (19.4%). Little data describing specific tooth-agenesis patterns were available. In conclusion, individuals with Down syndrome display high prevalence rates and severity of agenesis of permanent teeth. Proper and timely diagnosis of missing permanent teeth is thus necessary, to allow a more comprehensive long-term treatment plan and a more favorable prognosis in these individuals.

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YwkyPz


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCRv5
via IFTTT

How Optional Should Regional Anatomy be in a Medical Course? An Opinion Piece

Abstract

The use of optional (elective) courses within the medical curriculum is increasingly being seen as a way of allowing students to pursue their studies according to their personal interests. For anatomy, particularly where the subject is being taught in an integrative curriculum and by means of a systemic approach, the development of elective regional anatomy courses is being employed to reintroduce regional anatomy and/or dissection by students. However, there is presently little evidence that objectively evaluates optional/elective courses. In this paper we critique the concept and practice of using elective courses and assess whether their deployment is ultimately in the interests of medical education, the medical profession, society in general and the layperson (potential patient) in particular. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qk8cq


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mMVS
via IFTTT

Registration Accuracy of CT/MRI Fusion for Localisation of Deep Brain Stimulation Electrode Position: An Imaging Study and Systematic Review

Background: Postoperative imaging is essential for verifying electrode location in patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS). MRI offers better visualisation of brain targets, but concerns about adverse events have limited its use. Preoperative stereotactic MRI fused with a postoperative stereotactic CT, demonstrating the electrode position, is now widely used. Objectives: The aims of this study were to: (1) evaluate the accuracy of image registration using Neuroinspire, and (2) undertake a systematic review of the literature on CT/MRI fusion techniques to ascertain the accuracy of other software packages. Methods: Twenty patients who underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS for Parkinson's disease were selected. The postoperative CT was registered and fused with the preoperative MRI using Neuroinspire. The position of each electrode tip was determined in stereotactic coordinates both in the (unfused) postoperative CT and the fused CT/MRI. The difference in tip position was used to evaluate the registration accuracy. Results: The mean error ± SD of CT/MRI fusion using Neuroinspire was 0.25 ± 0.15, 0.33 ± 0.26 and 0.46 ± 0.55 mm in lateral, anteroposterior and vertical axes. A systematic review suggested that CT/MRI registration with Neuroinspire is more accurate than that achieved with other tested CT/MRI fusion algorithms. Conclusion: CT/MRI fusion for localisation of electrode placement offers an accurate, reliable and safe modality for assessing electrode location.
Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2016;94:159-163

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UA03jf


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USBD3c
via IFTTT

Short Exposure to a High-Sucrose Diet and the First ‘Hit' of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

High-sucrose and high-fat diets induce deregulation in the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. This study aimed to detect the initial consequences on lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis and insulin signaling in the livers of rodents fed high-fat and/or high-sucrose diets for a short period of time. Male mice received a standard chow (SC), high-fat (HF), high-sucrose (HSu) or high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHSu) diet for 4 weeks. At euthanasia, blood was collected and the liver was removed for histomorphometrical and molecular analysis. The HF, HSu and HFHSu groups presented glucose intolerance, hepatomegaly, liver steatosis and lipid profile alteration when compared to the SC group (p Cells Tissues Organs

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQKfuF


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mdeQ
via IFTTT

Interleukin-31 receptor and pruritus associated with primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis: reply from the authors

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQE7CC


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USC3Xe
via IFTTT

Practice Patterns and Projections for the US Pediatric Otolaryngology Workforce.

Practice Patterns and Projections for the US Pediatric Otolaryngology Workforce.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Bell JR, Ruch-Ross H, Hotaling AJ

Abstract
Importance: This study represents up-to-date information on the current status of and future projections for the pediatric otolaryngology workforce.
Objective: To provide an update on the practice patterns of and projections for the US pediatric otolaryngology workforce.
Design, Setting, and Participants: An online survey was sent to all 172 members of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and fielded from May 29, 2014, to September 17, 2014.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Current status of and perceived trends in the pediatric otolaryngology workforce.
Results: Eighty-four (48.8%) of the 172 members responded to the survey. Not all respondents answered all questions, and so totals and percentages might not reflect a total of 84 for any given response. The demographics and practice characteristics of the responding pediatric otolaryngologists were similar to those noted in a 1997 workforce survey. Fifty-four percent of respondents (n = 38) planned to continue full-time work over the next 5 years, and 47% (n = 31) believed that the number of patients in their practice was increasing. The proportion of those who believed that the need for pediatric otolaryngologists in their community was increasing (31%; n = 21) or decreasing (13%; n = 9) remained relatively constant from the 1997 survey (34% and 12%, respectively). Forty-nine percent (n = 35) reported believing that the number of pediatric otolaryngologists being trained was appropriate and that the need in their community was stable. Eighty-three percent (n = 55) reported believing that employment opportunities for pediatric otolaryngologists in the United States would be plentiful in the near future.
Conclusions and Relevance: The overall state of the pediatric otolaryngology workforce appears stable. The perceived current and future needs for pediatric otolaryngologists appear to be met by the current number of trainees. Employment opportunities appear promising for future pediatric otolaryngologists based on our respondents' opinions. This represents up-to-date information on the current status of and future projections for the pediatric otolaryngology workforce.

PMID: 27310717 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb1gO4


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mE91
via IFTTT

Evaluating the Esophageal Epithelial Integrity: More Complex than it Seems.

Related Articles

Evaluating the Esophageal Epithelial Integrity: More Complex than it Seems.

Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 Feb;111(2):295-6

Authors: Farré R

PMID: 26882948 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UD1KZ2


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USD5m5
via IFTTT

Highlights.

Highlights.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 1;142(6):511

Authors:

PMID: 27310422 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb2zfT


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3lvhB
via IFTTT

A Longitudinal Study of Symptoms of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in an Elderly Community-Dwelling Population.

A Longitudinal Study of Symptoms of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in an Elderly Community-Dwelling Population.

Dysphagia. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Nimmons D, Michou E, Jones M, Pendleton N, Horan M, Hamdy S

Abstract
Dysphagia has been estimated to affect around 8-16 % of healthy elderly individuals living in the community. The present study investigated the stability of perceived dysphagia symptoms over a 3-year period and whether such symptoms predicted death outcomes. A population of 800 and 550 elderly community-dwelling individuals were sent the Sydney Swallow Questionnaire (SSQ) in 2009 and 2012, respectively, where an arbitrary score of 180 or more was chosen to indicate symptomatic dysphagia. The telephone interview cognitive screen measured cognitive performance and the Geriatric Depression Scale measured depression. Regression models were used to investigate associations with dysphagia symptom scores, cognition, depression, age, gender and a history of stroke; a paired t test was used to examine if individual mean scores had changed. A total of 528 participants were included in the analysis. In 2009, dysphagia was associated with age (P = 0.028, OR 1.07, CI 1.01, 1.13) and stroke (P = 0.046, OR 2.04, CI 1.01, 4.11) but these associations were no longer present in 2012. Those who had symptomatic dysphagia in 2009 (n = 75) showed a shift towards improvement in swallowing (P < 0.001, mean = -174.4, CI -243.6, -105.3), and for those who died from pneumonia, there was no association between the SSQ derived swallowing score and death (P = 0.509, OR 0.10, CI -0.41, -0.20). We conclude that swallowing symptoms are a temporally dynamic process, which increases our knowledge on swallowing in the elderly.

PMID: 27307155 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Yw9bqN


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCa58
via IFTTT

Provocative testing of the esophagus and its future.

Provocative testing of the esophagus and its future.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Farmer AD, Franchina M, Gregersen H, Penagini R, Shaker A, Soffer E

Abstract
Standard tests in clinical practice commonly fail to demonstrate a clear esophageal etiology for symptoms such as heartburn, dysphagia, or chest pain. Over the years, various provocative measures have been developed to provide a better understanding of the origins of such symptoms. Some measures, such as esophageal acid infusion or changing bolus consistency, can be easily incorporated into clinical practice. Others, such as multimodal stimulation systems, are more technically demanding. They have contributed to a better understanding of esophageal physiology in health and disease. Their role in clinical decision making is still evolving. This focused review provides a summary of the esophageal nociceptive pathways and how provocative testing can be used to interrogate their integrity.

PMID: 27311061 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QaZGeV


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mnTt
via IFTTT

[An association between adenoid hypertrophy and exstra-gastroesophageal reflux disease].

Related Articles

[An association between adenoid hypertrophy and exstra-gastroesophageal reflux disease].

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2015 Aug;29(15):1406-8

Authors: Ren J, Zhao Y, Ren X

Abstract
Adenoid hypertrophy is a disease that mostly occurs among children of 3-5 years old. It is caused by repeated inflammation and infection of nasopharynx and its adjoin parts, or the adenoid itself, which will finally leads to pathological hyperplasia of adenoid. With so much information we have acquired about this disease, its specific mechanism remains unknown. In recent years, some researches have indicated that adenoid hypertrophy may have something to do with extra-gastroesophageal reflux, in which pepsin plays a very important role, and pepsin will do a series of pathological damages to the upper airway as it reaches the upper respiratory tract. Based on relative domestic and foreign literature, this paper attempts to make a review about the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux and adenoid hypertrophy.

PMID: 26685418 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Yw93rb


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCOPT
via IFTTT

Efficacy and safety of povidone-iodine irrigation in reducing the risk of capsular contracture in aesthetic breast augmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

No abstract available

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YvkZJV


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3lv15
via IFTTT

Nanotechnology: a novel adjunctive aid to fight cancer

Abstract

Nanotechnology deals with manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres. It has diverse applications including nanomedicine and nanodentistry. In recent years, nanotechnology found several promising fields of action in developing dental materials with improved chemical and physical properties by incorporating of a myriad of nanoparticles (e.g., quartz, colloidal silica, zirconia, zinc oxide) (Padovani et al, 2015).

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1PxPGXv


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCC3p
via IFTTT

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.

JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 1;142(6):513

Authors:

PMID: 27310423 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qc2R8


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3mcHM
via IFTTT

Zeaxanthin-based dietary supplement and topical serum improve hydration and reduce wrinkle count in female subjects

Summary

Background

Dietary modification, through supplementation and elimination diets, has become an area of interest to help slow skin aging, reduce symptom severity or prevent reoccurrence of certain dermatologic conditions [Clinical Dermatology vol. 31 (2013) 677–700].

Free radical components (reactive oxygen species or ROS) or lipid peroxide (LPO) is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of accelerated skin aging when prolonged oxidative stress occurs. The use of antioxidant-related therapies such as nutraceuticals is of particular interest in restoring skin homeostasis.

Antioxidant carotenoid zeaxanthin is concentrated in the eye and skin tissue and believed to decrease the formation of ROS associated with UV light exposure. With zeaxanthin, phytoceramides, and botanical extracts an oral and topical test product (with zeaxanthin, algae extracts, peptides, hyaluronate) have been developed to improve the appearance and condition of skin when used as directed.

Methods

Subjects were divided into three groups: two tests (skin formula 1 – oral product alone (ZO-1), skin formula 2- oral product with topical product (ZO-2 + ZT)), and one placebo control. The study consisted of a washout visit, baseline (randomization), week two (2), week four (4), week six (6), week eight (8), and week twelve (12). Key parameters measured were as follows: fine lines, deep lines, total wrinkles, wrinkle severity, radiance/skin color (L, a*, b*), discolorations, and skin pigment homogeneity.

Results

Thirty-one subjects completed the twelve-week study; no adverse events were recorded during the study. Statistically significant improvements from baseline mean hydration score were observed in active groups at weeks 2, 6, and 8. A statistically significant difference was observed between mean differences from baseline scores for total wrinkle count at week 4 for the combination active groups compared to placebo. A statistically significant difference from baseline scores for fine lines count was also observed at the week 4 visit compared to placebo for both active groups. Statistically significant differences from baseline scores for average wrinkles severity were seen for week 12 visit for both active groups compared to placebo.

Conclusion

We have shown that the combination of zeaxanthin-based dietary supplement plus a topical formulation produces superior hydration to that of placebo. Additionally, we have shown that the combination of oral and topical combination vs. oral alone has superior abilities to improve parameters associated with facial lines and wrinkles compared to placebo, although the dietary supplement alone proved most effective in reducing wrinkle count and severity.

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb259v


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USCK2E
via IFTTT

Recognition and Documentation of Strangulation Crimes: A Review.

Recognition and Documentation of Strangulation Crimes: A Review.

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Armstrong M, Strack GB

Abstract
Importance: Strangulation accounts for 10% of violent deaths in the United States and 15% to 20% of deaths associated with domestic violence. However, strangulation deaths represent only a small fraction of nonfatal strangulation assaults, which occur with daily frequency in medium to large US cities. Careful evaluation and documentation of strangulation injuries may identify life-threatening medical conditions, and may facilitate prosecution of strangulation crimes.
Observations: The most recent article on strangulation identified in the otolaryngology literature was published in 1989, leaving a generation of head and neck surgeons without current guidance regarding this injury. However, strangulation is a common form of intimate partner violence. Among the 300 cases of strangulation reviewed in San Diego in 1995, most survivors (94%) were women who were strangled by a male member of their own household. Many state laws require evidence of injury to prosecute felony strangulation, but as shown in the review of 300 cases, most survivors (97%) were strangled with the perpetrator's hands, leaving little to no sign of injury in most cases. Survivors may seek an otolaryngology consultation with complaints of hoarseness, sore throat, respiratory disturbance, or accidental injury to the neck. A thorough head and neck examination may reveal marks on the neck, facial petechiae, and neck swelling. Fiberoptic laryngoscopy is recommended to look for petechiae and swelling in the airway. Chest radiographs may demonstrate postobstructive edema, and computed tomography of the neck may demonstrate vascular injuries. The most sensitive test for subtle strangulation injuries is magnetic imaging of the neck. Careful examination and documentation can provide critical evidence for the prosecution of these crimes.
Conclusions and Relevance: Otolaryngologists should be knowledgeable of the subtle patterns of injury and potentially life-threatening complications of strangulation and should consider domestic violence in women presenting with throat complaints or bruises on the neck.

PMID: 27308820 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qbQBs


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1W3miz1
via IFTTT

Decreasing expression of glucose-regulated protein GRP78/BiP as a significant prognostic predictor in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background

The immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP)/glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is important in the endoplasmic reticulum stress, and is highly expressed in various human cancers. The clinical and pathological features of GRP78/BiP are unclear in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of GRP78/BiP as a prognostic marker for laryngeal SCC.

Methods

A total of 59 patients with advanced laryngeal SCC (stage III/IV) were analyzed, and tumor specimens were stained by immunohistochemistry for GRP78/BiP and Ki-67. Microvessel density was determined by immunohistochemical staining for CD34 and p53.

Results

Expression of GRP78/BiP was confirmed in 87% of cases. Decreased expression of GRP78/BiP was highly associated with positive expression of p53. Decreased GRP78/BiP expression was identified on multivariate analysis as an independent factor of decreased progression-free survival (PFS).

Conclusion

GRP78/BiP was found to be commonly expressed in laryngeal SCC, whereas its downregulation was found to serve a significant prognostic role for predicting poor survival in patients with laryngeal SCC with advanced disease. GRP78/BiP may be a potentially attractive target for the treatment of various human neoplasms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016

from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Qb1x3u


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1USBzjY
via IFTTT

Identification and characterization of novel Ligase I inhibitors

Identification and characterization of novel Ligase I inhibitors:

ABSTRACT

The terminal step of ligation of single and/or double-strand breaks during physiological processes such as DNA replication, repair and recombination requires participation of DNA ligases in all mammals. DNA Ligase I has been well characterised to play vital roles during these processes. Considering the indispensable role of DNA Ligase I, a therapeutic strategy to impede proliferation of cancer cells is by using specific small molecule inhibitors against it. In the present study, we have designed and chemically synthesized putative DNA Ligase I inhibitors. Based on various biochemical and biophysical screening approaches, we identify two prospective DNA Ligase I inhibitors, SCR17 and SCR21. Both the inhibitors blocked ligation of nicks on DNA in a concentration-dependent manner, when catalysed by cell-free extracts or purified Ligase I. Docking studies in conjunction with biolayer interferometry and gel shift assays revealed that both SCR17 and SCR21 can bind to Ligase I, particularly to the DNA Binding Domain of Ligase I with KD values in nanomolar range. The inhibitors did not show significant affinity towards DNA Ligase III and DNA Ligase IV. Further, addition of Ligase I could restore the joining, when the inhibitors were treated with testicular cell-free extracts. Ex vivo studies using multiple assays showed that even though cell death was limited in the presence of inhibitors in cancer cells, their proliferation was compromised. Hence, we identify two promising DNA Ligase I inhibitors, which can be used in biochemical and cellular assays, and could be further modified and optimised to target cancer cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Ud8Wvz
via IFTTT

The effect of forced expression of mutated K-RAS gene on gastrointestinal cancer cell lines and the IGF-1R targeting therapy

The effect of forced expression of mutated K-RAS gene on gastrointestinal cancer cell lines and the IGF-1R targeting therapy:

Abstract

Mutation in K-RAS (K-RAS-MT) plays important roles in both cancer progression and resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy in gastrointestinal tumors. Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling is required for carcinogenicity and progression of many tumors as well. We have previously shown successful therapy for gastrointestinal cancer cell lines bearing a K-RAS mutation using an anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibody. In this study, we sought to evaluate effects of forced K-RAS-MT expression on gastrointestinal cancer cell lines representing a possible second resistance mechanism for anti-EGFR therapy and IGF-1R targeted therapy for these transfectants. We made stable transfectants of K-RAS-MT in 2 gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, colorectal RKO and pancreatic BxPC-3. We assessed the effect of forced expression of K-RAS-MT on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in gastrointestinal cancer cells. Then we assessed anti-tumor effects of dominant negative IGF-1R (IGF-1R/dn) and an IGF-1R inhibitor, picropodophyllin, on the K-RAS-MT transfectants. Overexpression of K-RAS-MT in gastrointestinal cancer cell lines led to more aggressive phenotypes, with increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and increased motility and invasion. IGF-1R blockade suppressed cell growth, colony formation, migration, and invasion, and up-regulated chemotherapy-induced apoptosis of gastrointestinal cancer cells, even when K-RAS-MT was over-expressed. IGF-1R blockade inhibited the Akt pathway more than the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in the K-RAS-MT transfectants. IGF-1R/dn, moreover, inhibited the growth of murine xenografts expressing K-RAS-MT. Thus, K-RAS-MT might be important for progressive phonotype observed in gastrointestinal cancers. IGF-1R decoy is a candidate molecular therapeutic approach for gastrointestinal cancers even if K-RAS is mutated. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1XtksbL
via IFTTT

Quality of care in European home care programs using the second generation interRAI Home Care Quality Indicators (HCQIs).

Related Articles

Quality of care in European home care programs using the second generation interRAI Home Care Quality Indicators (HCQIs).

BMC Geriatr. 2015;15:148

Authors: Foebel AD, van Hout HP, van der Roest HG, Topinkova E, Garms-Homolova V, Frijters D, Finne-Soveri H, Jónsson PV, Hirdes JP, Bernabei R, Onder G

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Evaluating the quality of care provided to older individuals is a key step to ensure that needs are being met and to target interventions to improve care. To this aim, interRAI's second-generation home care quality indicators (HCQIs) were developed in 2013. This study assesses the quality of home care services in six European countries using these HCQIs as well as the two derived summary scales.
METHODS: Data for this study were derived from the Aged in Home Care (AdHOC) study - a cohort study that examined different models of community care in European countries. The current study selected a sub-sample of the AdHOC cohort from six countries whose follow-up data were complete (Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands). Data were collected from the interRAI Home Care instrument (RAI-HC) between 2000 and 2002. The 23 HCQIs of interest were determined according to previously established methodology, including risk adjustment. Two summary measures, the Clinical Balance Scale and Independence Quality Scale were also determined using established methodology.
RESULTS: A total of 1,354 individuals from the AdHOC study were included in these analyses. Of the 23 HCQIs that were measured, the highest proportion of individuals experienced declines in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) (48.4 %). Of the clinical quality indicators, mood decline was the most prevalent (30.0 %), while no flu vaccination and being alone and distressed were the most prevalent procedural and social quality indicators, respectively (33.4 and 12.8 %). Scores on the two summary scales varied by country, but were concentrated around the median mark.
CONCLUSIONS: The interRAI HCQIs can be used to determine the quality of home care services in Europe and identify areas for improvement. Our results suggest functional declines may prove the most beneficial targets for interventions.

PMID: 26572734 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1YwbES9


http://ift.tt/1YwmyXV


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQTL0L
via IFTTT

Diabetes: Intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Related Articles

Diabetes: Intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016 Mar;12(3):130-1

Authors: Gibson JM, McGinnigle S

PMID: 26794438 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qjxrh


http://ift.tt/1PxWV1Q


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267nZOX
via IFTTT

Imaging Tumor Response and Tumoral Heterogeneity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Antiangiogenic Therapy: Comparison of the Prognostic Ability of RECIST 1.1, an Alternate Method (Crabb), and Image Heterogeneity Analysis.

Related Articles

Imaging Tumor Response and Tumoral Heterogeneity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Antiangiogenic Therapy: Comparison of the Prognostic Ability of RECIST 1.1, an Alternate Method (Crabb), and Image Heterogeneity Analysis.

J Thorac Imaging. 2015 Sep;30(5):300-7

Authors: Yip C, Tacelli N, Remy-Jardin M, Scherpereel A, Cortot A, Lafitte JJ, Wallyn F, Remy J, Bassett P, Siddique M, Cook GJ, Landau DB, Goh V

Abstract
PURPOSE: We aimed to assess computed tomography (CT) intratumoral heterogeneity changes, and compared the prognostic ability of the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, an alternate response method (Crabb), and CT heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy with and without bevacizumab.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients treated with chemotherapy (group C) or chemotherapy and bevacizumab (group BC) underwent contrast-enhanced CT at baseline and after 1, 3, and 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Radiologic response was assessed using RECIST 1.1 and an alternate method. CT heterogeneity analysis generating global and locoregional parameters depicting tumor image spatial intensity characteristics was performed. Heterogeneity parameters between the 2 groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Associations between heterogeneity parameters and radiologic response with overall survival were assessed using Cox regression.
RESULTS: Global and locoregional heterogeneity parameters changed with treatment, with increased tumor heterogeneity in group BC. Entropy [group C: median -0.2% (interquartile range -2.2, 1.7) vs. group BC: 0.7% (-0.7, 3.5), P=0.10] and busyness [-27.7% (-62.2, -5.0) vs. -11.5% (-29.1, 92.4), P=0.10] showed a greater reduction in group C, whereas uniformity [1.9% (-8.0, 9.8) vs. -5.0% (-13.9, 5.6), P=0.10] showed a relative increase after 1 cycle but did not reach statistical significance. Two (9%) and 1 (6%) additional responders were identified using the alternate method compared with RECIST in group C and group BC, respectively. Heterogeneity parameters were not significant prognostic factors.
CONCLUSIONS: The alternate response method described by Crabb identified more responders compared with RECIST. However, both criteria and baseline imaging heterogeneity parameters were not prognostic of survival.

PMID: 26164165 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UzZAO6


http://ift.tt/1Ywm97X


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQSFlN
via IFTTT

The First 5-Year-Long Survey on Intrauterine Unexplained Sudden Deaths from the Northeast Italy.

The First 5-Year-Long Survey on Intrauterine Unexplained Sudden Deaths from the Northeast Italy.

Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016 Jun 16;:1-12

Authors: Roncati L, Pusiol T, Piscioli F, Barbolini G, Maiorana A, Lavezzi A

Abstract
PURPOSE: Sudden intrauterine unexplained death syndrome (SIUDS) represents one of the main open issues in the scientific and social setting of the modern medicine, and our efforts have aimed to understand its possible causes and risk factors.
METHODS: A 43-case series of consecutive unexplained fetal deaths coming from Northeast Italy, collected in a 5-year period (2011-2015), has been submitted to an in-depth investigation, based on neuropathological and cardiopathological examinations, immunohistochemistry for neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), genetic characterization for the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene polymorphisms, and toxicological environmental analyses.
RESULTS: The overall survey from the neuropathological findings highlights one or more congenital morphological abnormalities of the autonomic nervous system in 77% of cases of sudden fetal deaths.
CONCLUSIONS: From our results emerges the need to perform a complete autopsy of all SIUDS victims with an in-depth examination of the neuronal centers of the brainstem, which modulate the vital functions.

PMID: 27308949 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1tA7Qnn


http://ift.tt/1UA26Um


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267ouIL
via IFTTT

[Quantitatively evaluating the evolution of the tumor perfusion in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment].

Related Articles

[Quantitatively evaluating the evolution of the tumor perfusion in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment].

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2016 Jan 26;96(4):306-10

Authors: Xiong Z, Deng P, Hu C, Liu J, Yang H, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhou H, Zhu Z

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively evaluate the evolution of the tumor perfusion in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment.
METHODS: To establish the preclinical transplantation model of lung adenocarcinoma, 60 BALB/c nu/nu mice was inoculated with A549 cell lines via axilla. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 2 groups. The treatment group was treated with intravenous Bevacizumab (10 mg/kg weight, in a single injection), and the control group received saline only in the same dose. Five times of volume perfusion CT (VPCT) scan was performed before treatment, and on the second, forth, sixth and tenth days of treatment, respectively. The values of blood flow (BF) in the A549 tumors were measured after scanning. The microvessel density (MVD), vessel maturity index (VMI) in the tumors were determined using multiplexed QDs-based immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS: Comparing the values of BF, VMI and MVD between the two groups on the same day before treatment, the values of BF, VMI and MVD of the treatment group were (13.5±1.5) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1,) 0.14±0.04, (45.7±16.5)/HPF, respectively, and those in the control group were (13.4±1.6) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1) , 0.14±0.05, (48.0±7.0) /HPF , respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). And on the second, forth, sixth, tenth days of treatment, the values of BF of the treatment group were (17.9±7.3), (32.2±6.9), (18.5±2.4) and (13.8±1.8) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1,) respectively, and those in the control group were (10.5±0.6), (9.6±0.8), (5.7±1.2) and (1.9±1.0) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1,) respectively. The values of VMI of the treatment group were 1.17±0.22, 3.25±0.23, 2.94±0.31 and 1.07±0.18, respectively, and those in the control group were 0.12±0.03, 0.13±0.03, 0.15±0.03, and 0.13±0.03, respectively. The values of MVD of the treatment group were (38.0±6.3), (24.3±5.4), (15.2±3.4) and (13.5±4.7)/HPF, respectively, and those in the control group were (44.8±5.9), (48.0±12.8), (41.8±5.7) and (45.7±20.3)/HPF, respectively. In treated mice, BF and VMI were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01). BF and VMI increased from day2, and reached the peak at day4 (P<0.01), then decreased at day6, however the value of BF at day6 was still higher than that in the baseline (P<0.01) and decreased to the baseline level at day10; while the value of VMI was still higher than that in the baseline at day10. And on the forth, sixth, tenth days of treatment, in treated mice, the values of MVD were significantly lower than those in the control group and the baseline level before treatment (all P<0.01). In control mice, BF decreased (all P<0.01) with the time, while MVD and VMI had no changes.
CONCLUSIONS: The tumor perfusion and vessel maturity are transiently increased in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment. VPCT is helpful to quantify the evolution of the tumor perfusion and then evaluate the functional changes of tumor vessel maturity.

PMID: 26879795 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UmIL7N


http://ift.tt/1Ywmtn5


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQSUNx
via IFTTT

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors with multilayered rosettes in the pineal region.

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors with multilayered rosettes in the pineal region.

Brain Tumor Pathol. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Wang J, Liu Z, Fang J, Du J, Cui Y, Xu L, Li G

Abstract
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare, highly malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) that typically occurs during infancy. These tumors exhibit morphologic heterogeneity and differentiate along multiple lineages, thus posing a diagnostic challenge. Here, we present two cases of AT/RT with a primitive neuroectodermal component and histological pattern resembling an embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), a rare but distinctive embryonal entity with different therapeutic implications. Patient 1, a 23-month-old girl, presented with a history of gait unsteadiness and headache; cranial computed tomography (CT) identified a mass in the pineal and third ventricular regions. Patient 2, a 26-month-old girl, presented with headache and vomiting; CT revealed a mass in the posterior third ventricle. Both patients were treated via gross total tumor resection. Although histologically, AT/RT cases variably comprise primitive neuroectodermal, mesenchymal, and classic rhabdoid cells, the most striking feature of both cases was the presence of multilayered rosettes with a few Homer Wright rosettes and occasional primitive neuroepithelial tubes in focal primitive component areas. Immunohistochemistry revealed considerable heterogeneity within the tumors. We further present our findings in the context of the relevant literature.

PMID: 27307151 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1S8R5ng


http://ift.tt/1PxXFnB


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267nnZJ
via IFTTT

PLC-γ1 is involved in the inflammatory response induced by influenza A virus H1N1 infection.

PLC-γ1 is involved in the inflammatory response induced by influenza A virus H1N1 infection.

Virology. 2016 Jun 13;496:131-137

Authors: Zhu L, Yuan C, Ding X, Xu S, Yang J, Liang Y, Zhu Q

Abstract
We have previously reported that phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase γ1 (PLC-γ1) signaling is activated by influenza virus H1N1 infection and mediates efficient viral entry in human epithelial cells. In this study, we show that H1N1 also activates PLCγ-1 signaling in human promonocytic cell line -derived macrophages. Surprisingly, the activated PLCγ-1 signaling is not important for viral replication in macrophages, but is involved in the virus-induced inflammatory responses. PLC-γ1-specific inhibitor U73122 strongly inhibits the H1N1 virus-induced NF-κB signaling, blocking the up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1α, and reactive oxidative species. In a positive feedback loop, IL-1β and TNF-α activate the PLCγ-1 signaling in both epithelial and macrophage cell lines. In summary, we have shown for the first time that the PLCγ-1 signaling plays an important role in the H1N1-induced inflammatory responses. Our study suggests that targeting the PLCγ-1 signaling is a potential antiviral therapy against H1N1 by inhibiting both viral replication and excessive inflammation.

PMID: 27310357 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qhl2R


http://ift.tt/1PxXEQv


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQSVRB
via IFTTT

Imaging Tumor Response and Tumoral Heterogeneity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Antiangiogenic Therapy: Comparison of the Prognostic Ability of RECIST 1.1, an Alternate Method (Crabb), and Image Heterogeneity Analysis.

Related Articles

Imaging Tumor Response and Tumoral Heterogeneity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Antiangiogenic Therapy: Comparison of the Prognostic Ability of RECIST 1.1, an Alternate Method (Crabb), and Image Heterogeneity Analysis.

J Thorac Imaging. 2015 Sep;30(5):300-7

Authors: Yip C, Tacelli N, Remy-Jardin M, Scherpereel A, Cortot A, Lafitte JJ, Wallyn F, Remy J, Bassett P, Siddique M, Cook GJ, Landau DB, Goh V

Abstract
PURPOSE: We aimed to assess computed tomography (CT) intratumoral heterogeneity changes, and compared the prognostic ability of the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, an alternate response method (Crabb), and CT heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy with and without bevacizumab.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients treated with chemotherapy (group C) or chemotherapy and bevacizumab (group BC) underwent contrast-enhanced CT at baseline and after 1, 3, and 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Radiologic response was assessed using RECIST 1.1 and an alternate method. CT heterogeneity analysis generating global and locoregional parameters depicting tumor image spatial intensity characteristics was performed. Heterogeneity parameters between the 2 groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Associations between heterogeneity parameters and radiologic response with overall survival were assessed using Cox regression.
RESULTS: Global and locoregional heterogeneity parameters changed with treatment, with increased tumor heterogeneity in group BC. Entropy [group C: median -0.2% (interquartile range -2.2, 1.7) vs. group BC: 0.7% (-0.7, 3.5), P=0.10] and busyness [-27.7% (-62.2, -5.0) vs. -11.5% (-29.1, 92.4), P=0.10] showed a greater reduction in group C, whereas uniformity [1.9% (-8.0, 9.8) vs. -5.0% (-13.9, 5.6), P=0.10] showed a relative increase after 1 cycle but did not reach statistical significance. Two (9%) and 1 (6%) additional responders were identified using the alternate method compared with RECIST in group C and group BC, respectively. Heterogeneity parameters were not significant prognostic factors.
CONCLUSIONS: The alternate response method described by Crabb identified more responders compared with RECIST. However, both criteria and baseline imaging heterogeneity parameters were not prognostic of survival.

PMID: 26164165 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UzZAO6


http://ift.tt/1UA2emN


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267njJf
via IFTTT

Effects and Role of Multikinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Cancer.

Effects and Role of Multikinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Cancer.

Curr Pharm Des. 2016 Jun 13;

Authors: Grimm D, Laursen R, Wehland M, Kopp S, Pietsch J, Infanger M, Grosse J

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrine neoplasia. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) represents 94% of all thyroid cancer types. Approximately 20% experience local recurrence and 10% distant metastasis. The recurrent DTC often becomes less differentiated, loses the iodine uptake capability and consequently loses the radioactive iodine treatment option. Under these circumstances survivability drops below 10% at 10 years. The treatment options for dedifferentiated thyroid cancers are extremely limited. This category sometimes referred to as poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC), is characterised by their missing response to radioiodine treatment and a remarkably reduced survivability. Therefore, new drugs have been developed to fill this gap in treatment.
METHODS: The goal of this work is to review the effects and role of the multikinase inhibitors sorafenib, sunitinb and lenatinib in thyroid cancer.
RESULTS: The new tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) aimed to inhibit tumour angiogenesis. Current clinical trials regarding these novel drugs have shown promising results. A phase III trial (DECISION) of sorafenib in radioiodine (RAI)-refractory thyroid cancer showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 10.8 months in the sorafenib group, compared to 5.8 months in the placebo group. Sunitinib, another TKI, exhibited significant anti-tumour effects in patients with advanced DTC. Nevertheless, treatment with TKIs can lead to the development of resistance against these anti-angiogenic treatments, partly due to compensatory mechanisms. Lenvatinib, the recently approved drug for RAI-refractory thyroid cancer, blocks a different receptor than the currently available drugs. Lenvatinib inhibits fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), as well as other receptors. FGFR plays a key role in the development of resistance against anti-angiogenic drugs. In a phase III trial (SELECT) on RAI-refractory DTC, the lenvatinib group showed a PFS of 18.3 months, compared to 3.6 months in the placebo group. This led to the approval of lenvatinib, the first drug capable of reversing anti-angiogenic mechanisms.
CONCLUSIONS: The frequently adverse effects seen in TKI treatment require further investigation. A well-adjusted balance between efficacy and adverse effects is desirable. No effects on overall survival were reported. Therefore, further studies are required.

PMID: 27306093 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Yw9rpS


http://ift.tt/1YwlQds


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQSHtS
via IFTTT

[Quantitatively evaluating the evolution of the tumor perfusion in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment].

Related Articles

[Quantitatively evaluating the evolution of the tumor perfusion in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment].

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2016 Jan 26;96(4):306-10

Authors: Xiong Z, Deng P, Hu C, Liu J, Yang H, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhou H, Zhu Z

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively evaluate the evolution of the tumor perfusion in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment.
METHODS: To establish the preclinical transplantation model of lung adenocarcinoma, 60 BALB/c nu/nu mice was inoculated with A549 cell lines via axilla. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 2 groups. The treatment group was treated with intravenous Bevacizumab (10 mg/kg weight, in a single injection), and the control group received saline only in the same dose. Five times of volume perfusion CT (VPCT) scan was performed before treatment, and on the second, forth, sixth and tenth days of treatment, respectively. The values of blood flow (BF) in the A549 tumors were measured after scanning. The microvessel density (MVD), vessel maturity index (VMI) in the tumors were determined using multiplexed QDs-based immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS: Comparing the values of BF, VMI and MVD between the two groups on the same day before treatment, the values of BF, VMI and MVD of the treatment group were (13.5±1.5) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1,) 0.14±0.04, (45.7±16.5)/HPF, respectively, and those in the control group were (13.4±1.6) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1) , 0.14±0.05, (48.0±7.0) /HPF , respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). And on the second, forth, sixth, tenth days of treatment, the values of BF of the treatment group were (17.9±7.3), (32.2±6.9), (18.5±2.4) and (13.8±1.8) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1,) respectively, and those in the control group were (10.5±0.6), (9.6±0.8), (5.7±1.2) and (1.9±1.0) ml·(100 ml)(-1)·min(-1,) respectively. The values of VMI of the treatment group were 1.17±0.22, 3.25±0.23, 2.94±0.31 and 1.07±0.18, respectively, and those in the control group were 0.12±0.03, 0.13±0.03, 0.15±0.03, and 0.13±0.03, respectively. The values of MVD of the treatment group were (38.0±6.3), (24.3±5.4), (15.2±3.4) and (13.5±4.7)/HPF, respectively, and those in the control group were (44.8±5.9), (48.0±12.8), (41.8±5.7) and (45.7±20.3)/HPF, respectively. In treated mice, BF and VMI were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01). BF and VMI increased from day2, and reached the peak at day4 (P<0.01), then decreased at day6, however the value of BF at day6 was still higher than that in the baseline (P<0.01) and decreased to the baseline level at day10; while the value of VMI was still higher than that in the baseline at day10. And on the forth, sixth, tenth days of treatment, in treated mice, the values of MVD were significantly lower than those in the control group and the baseline level before treatment (all P<0.01). In control mice, BF decreased (all P<0.01) with the time, while MVD and VMI had no changes.
CONCLUSIONS: The tumor perfusion and vessel maturity are transiently increased in A549 lung adenocarcinoma transplantation model induced by antiangiogenic treatment. VPCT is helpful to quantify the evolution of the tumor perfusion and then evaluate the functional changes of tumor vessel maturity.

PMID: 26879795 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UmIL7N


http://ift.tt/1PxXokn


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267ncxf
via IFTTT

Diabetes: Intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Related Articles

Diabetes: Intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016 Mar;12(3):130-1

Authors: Gibson JM, McGinnigle S

PMID: 26794438 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qjxrh


http://ift.tt/1YwmMhT


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQSPJD
via IFTTT

Co-expression of vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell markers on early endothelial cells present in aspirated coronary thrombi from patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Related Articles

Co-expression of vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell markers on early endothelial cells present in aspirated coronary thrombi from patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Exp Mol Pathol. 2016 Feb;100(1):31-8

Authors: Rakocevic J, Kojic S, Orlic D, Stankovic G, Ostojic M, Petrovic O, Zaletel I, Puskas N, Todorovic V, Labudovic-Borovic M

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Angiogenesis is the growth of both new vascular and lymphatic blood vessels from the existing vasculature. During this process, blood endothelial cells (BECs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) express specific markers, which help their discrimination and easier identification. Since the coronary thrombi material aspirated from patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) proved as good angiogenesis model, we investigated the expression of CD34 and CD31 as BECs markers, and D2-40, LYVE-1 and VEGFR3 as LEC markers in this material.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Aspirated thrombi were stained immunohistochemically for CD34, CD31, D2-40, LYVE-1 and VEGFR3. Organizational patterns of immunopositive cells were graded as single cells, clusters or microvessels. Double immunofluorescence for CD31, D2-40, LYVE-1 and VEGRF3 was done. Thrombi were also graded as fresh (<1day old), lytic (1-5days old) and organized (>5days old).
RESULTS: Serial sections of aspirated thrombi showed concordant BEC and LEC markers immunopositivity. Double immunoflorescence proved co-expression of CD31 and LEC markers on the same cells. Cells expressing LEC markers organized in clusters and microvessels were mainly present in lytic and organized thrombi.
CONCLUSION: Co-expression of BEC and LEC markers on the same non-tumorous cell during thrombus neovascularization indicates existing in vivo plasticity of endothelial cells under non-tumorous pathological conditions. It also points that CD34 and CD31 on one hand, and D2-40, LYVE-1 and VEGFR3 immunostaining on the other hand, cannot solely be a reliable indicators whether vessel is lymphatic or not.

PMID: 26657000 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qiV4S


http://ift.tt/1UA27I7


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267orN5
via IFTTT

Malignant transformation of a high-grade osteoblastoma of the petrous apex with subcutaneous metastasis

Malignant transformation of a high-grade osteoblastoma of the petrous apex with subcutaneous metastasis:

Casey T. Kraft, BS; Robert J. Morrison, MD; H. Alexander Arts, MD, FACS

Abstract

We describe the clinical presentation, management, and pathologic findings in a case of osteosarcoma of the petrous apex with an atypical metastasis to the lower abdominal wall. We retrospectively reviewed the record of a 49-year-old man who was diagnosed with a right petrous apex lesion, which biopsy identified as a high-grade osteoblastoma. After two attempts at en bloc resection were not curative, radiation and chemotherapy were recommended. The patient subsequently developed a cutaneous lower abdominal mass that was diagnosed as an osteosarcoma. Meanwhile, the petrous apex tumor continued to grow despite treatment until the patient died from the burden of disease. Temporal bone osteoblastomas and osteosarcomas are both extremely rare, and they can be difficult to differentiate histologically. Our case illustrates this difficulty and demonstrates the possibility of a high-grade osteoblastoma's malignant conversion to an osteosarcoma.

http://ift.tt/1UA2p1u


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQTqLD
via IFTTT

Anticancer mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway inhibitors: current status, challenges and future prospects in management of epilepsy.

Anticancer mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway inhibitors: current status, challenges and future prospects in management of epilepsy.

CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2016 Jun 14;

Authors: Singh D

Abstract
The role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase linked mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway hyperactivation is well established in cancer pathogenesis. Several molecules inhibiting mTOR pathway, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis responsible for angiogenesis of tumor cells have emerged out to be potential anticancers. Similar hyperactivation of mTOR pathway has also reported in epilepsy during latent phase, following precipitating injury causing reorganization of neuronal networks and ultimately leading to induction of seizures. The mTOR inhibitors have also found to attenuate pathological changes in the brain associated with epilepsy, primarily suppression of mossy fiber sprouting. At the same time, a few antiepileptic molecules which have been studied against cancer showed anticancer activity, apart from their principal mechanism of action. These studies suggest mTOR signaling pathway to be a common pathogenic link between cancer and epilepsy. It has been found that, anticancer molecules acting on different molecular targets, that ultimately down regulate the expression of mTOR, can also be used in case of epilepsy to reduce its hyperactivation. There are several unexplored anticancer molecules that act by inhibiting mTOR directly or indirectly available which can be explored as antiepileptic in future. Majority of the molecules which are tested as anticancer do not reach the final phases of clinical trials due to less potency and efficacy, and ultimately a few of them reach the market. Since a lot of experimental/safety studies have already been conducted on such molecules, hence it is worthwhile to test these molecules for other disorders that share common pathogenic pathway like epilepsy, provided their pitfalls have been addressed, as proposed in the present review.

PMID: 27306063 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qhQKj


http://ift.tt/1PxWLaG


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267mAba
via IFTTT

The Safety of Adjuvanted Vaccines Revisited: Vaccine-Induced Narcolepsy.

Related Articles

The Safety of Adjuvanted Vaccines Revisited: Vaccine-Induced Narcolepsy.

Isr Med Assoc J. 2016 Mar-Apr;18(3-4):216-20

Authors: Ahmed SS, Montomoli E, Pasini FL, Steinman L

Abstract
Despite the very high benefit-to-risk ratio of vaccines, the fear of negative side effects has discouraged many people from getting vaccinated, resulting in the reemergence of previously controlled diseases such as measles, pertussis and diphtheria. This fear has been amplified more recently by multiple epidemiologic studies that confirmed the link of an AS03-adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine (Pandemrix, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Germany) used in Europe during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic [A(H1N1) pdm09] with the development of narcolepsy, a chronic sleep disorder, in children and adolescents. However, public misperceptions of what adjuvants are and why they are used in vaccines has created in some individuals a closed "black box" attitude towards all vaccines. The focus of this review article is to revisit this "black box" using the example of narcolepsy associated with the European AS03-adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine.

PMID: 27228647 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1t9pe2d


http://ift.tt/1UA2dPL


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WQTHy3
via IFTTT

When anti-TNF fails, anti-IL12-23 is an alternate option in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

Related Articles

When anti-TNF fails, anti-IL12-23 is an alternate option in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

Rev Bras Reumatol. 2014 May-Jun;54(3):247-9

Authors: Golmia RP, Martins AH, Scheinberg M

Abstract
Patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis respond to anti-TNF therapy, but not all patients maintain effective response, and some do not respond. In this article, we demonstrate the role of a new pathogenetic pathway to some extent TNF-independent in these patients. Anti-IL12-23 is a new and alternate mode of therapy for patients with recalcitrant response to anti-TNF.

PMID: 25054605 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

from Head and Neck on PubMed via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21qhVxD


http://ift.tt/1UA1wpM


from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/267n8hc
via IFTTT