Head and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis: 12/23/15

Τετάρτη 23 Δεκεμβρίου 2015

[A case of the successful function-preserving treatment of hyoid bone chondrosarcoma].

[A case of the successful function-preserving treatment of hyoid bone chondrosarcoma].

Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2015;80(5):91-2

Authors: Klochikhin AL, Klochikhin MA, Kuleshov BY

Abstract
The authors report a case of the successful function-preserving treatment of a rare neck tumour, chondrosarcoma originating from the hyoid bone. The proposed combined treatment allowed to preserve the respiratory, voice-generating and protective functions of the larynx. The dynamic follow up failed to reveal the development of relapse or metastases during 1 year after surgery.

PMID: 26525481 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Thyroid cancer in a long-term nonprogressor HIV-1 infection.

Thyroid cancer in a long-term nonprogressor HIV-1 infection.

Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2015 Jul-Dec;36(2):195-7

Authors: Phatak UA, Chitale PV, Jagdale RV

Abstract
Long-term non-progressor HIV infection (LTNP-HIV) is seen in <1 percent of HIV-afflicted population. There are definite criteria for the diagnosis of LTNP-HIV. Malignancies either solid tumors or haematological cancers have not been reported in such population. We report here a rare case of follicular thyroid carcinoma in LTNP-HIV infection. She never had any opportunistic infections. She did not receive anti-retroviral therapy in the entire course of illness and continued to have good quality of life. Treatment of follicular thyroid cancer was similar to other patients without HIV infection. This could be the first case study from India.

PMID: 26692617 [PubMed]

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Patterns and functional implications of rare germline variants across 12 cancer types.

Patterns and functional implications of rare germline variants across 12 cancer types.

Nat Commun. 2015;6:10086

Authors: Lu C, Xie M, Wendl MC, Wang J, McLellan MD, Leiserson MD, Huang KL, Wyczalkowski MA, Jayasinghe R, Banerjee T, Ning J, Tripathi P, Zhang Q, Niu B, Ye K, Schmidt HK, Fulton RS, McMichael JF, Batra P, Kandoth C, Bharadwaj M, Koboldt DC, Miller CA, Kanchi KL, Eldred JM, Larson DE, Welch JS, You M, Ozenberger BA, Govindan R, Walter MJ, Ellis MJ, Mardis ER, Graubert TA, Dipersio JF, Ley TJ, Wilson RK, Goodfellow PJ, Raphael BJ, Chen F, Johnson KJ, Parvin JD, Ding L

Abstract
Large-scale cancer sequencing data enable discovery of rare germline cancer susceptibility variants. Here we systematically analyse 4,034 cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas cancer cases representing 12 cancer types. We find that the frequency of rare germline truncations in 114 cancer-susceptibility-associated genes varies widely, from 4% (acute myeloid leukaemia (AML)) to 19% (ovarian cancer), with a notably high frequency of 11% in stomach cancer. Burden testing identifies 13 cancer genes with significant enrichment of rare truncations, some associated with specific cancers (for example, RAD51C, PALB2 and MSH6 in AML, stomach and endometrial cancers, respectively). Significant, tumour-specific loss of heterozygosity occurs in nine genes (ATM, BAP1, BRCA1/2, BRIP1, FANCM, PALB2 and RAD51C/D). Moreover, our homology-directed repair assay of 68 BRCA1 rare missense variants supports the utility of allelic enrichment analysis for characterizing variants of unknown significance. The scale of this analysis and the somatic-germline integration enable the detection of rare variants that may affect individual susceptibility to tumour development, a critical step toward precision medicine.

PMID: 26689913 [PubMed - in process]

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Insulinoma in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Insulinoma in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Acta Med Iran. 2015;53(5):317-9

Authors: Ghafoori S, Lankarani M

Abstract
Insulinoma in a patient with pre-existing diabetes is extremely rare. Only a small number of cases have been reported all over the world. We report a case of insulinoma in a patient with type 2 diabetes. A 63-year-old female was diagnosed to have diabetes mellitus six years ago, she was given metformin and sulphonylurea to control her glycemia, she had adequate glycemic control for many years, but thereafter, the patient has experienced hypoglycemia after cessation of the treatment since 8 months ago and was hospitalized for further examination, endogenous hypoglycemia was confirmed and the level of serum insulin and C-peptide were elevated. Endoscopic ultrasound showed a heterogeneous lesion in the head of the pancreas. Head pancreatectomy was done. In the postoperative period diabetes again developed and required oral agents for control.

PMID: 26024708 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B].

[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B].

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2015;159:A7719

Authors: Pijnenburg-Kleizen KJ, van Santen HM, Koolen DA, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b (MEN2B) is a rare syndrome characterised by the occurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma at a young age in all patients, and phaeochromocytoma at a later age in half of the patients. Once a medullary thyroid carcinoma causes symptoms, it has usually already metastasised to the lymph nodes and curative treatment is seldom possible at that stage.
CASE DESCRIPTION: We present two patients who had phenotypical characteristics of the MEN2B syndrome from a young age: mucosal neuromas, ptosis, a marfanoid habitus, gastrointestinal problems and crying without tears. When the diagnosis was made, at the ages of 15 and 10 years respectively, both patients had already developed metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma.
CONCLUSION: Early recognition of the phenotype of MEN2B syndrome is crucial in order to be able to perform a prophylactic or curative thyroidectomy. The mucosal neuromas, which are usually present from infancy, are a particularly important characteristic.

PMID: 25944066 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Laparoscopic Treatment of Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of the Ovary in a Woman With Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

http:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-imag

Laparoscopic Treatment of Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of the Ovary in a Woman With Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2015 Jul-Aug;22(5):892-5

Authors: Grechi G, Clemente N, Tozzi A, Ciavattini A

Abstract
Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is a rare hereditary multisystemic disease. Multiple basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and skeletal abnormalities are the main clinical manifestations of the syndrome, but several organs can be involved. Moreover, this condition is associated with the development of various benign and malignant tumors, even in the genital tract. This report describes a rare association between Gorlin-Goltz syndrome and the sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary. Because the ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging patterns of this tumor can be similar to those of a malignant neoplasm, prompt surgical intervention and histological confirmation of diagnosis is mandatory; however, this is a benign lesion and thus can be approached with a laparoscopic fertility-sparing surgery. Gynecologists should be aware of this possible association to provide appropriate counseling for these women, and to take a fertility-sparing laparoscopic approach whenever possible.

PMID: 25764974 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.

Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.

Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2015 Mar;44(1):99-104

Authors: Sav A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Di Ieva A, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K

Abstract
Aggressive pituitary adenomas have a high risk of recurrence, a lack of therapeutic response, and resistance to conventional treatment. So far, no satisfactory biomarkers are available for predicting their behavior. Some specific pituitary adenoma histotypes are more prone to follow an aggressive behavior. Pituitary carcinomas are rare and show cerebrospinal and/or systemic metastasis. They have worse prognosis than aggressive adenomas, and radiation is of limited use in their treatment.

PMID: 25732646 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Mixed ovarian germ cell tumor composed of immature teratoma, yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma.

Mixed ovarian germ cell tumor composed of immature teratoma, yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Nov;24 Suppl 3:S198-200

Authors: Wang Y, Zhou F, Qian Z, Qing J, Zhao M, Huang L

Abstract
We report the case of a 19-year-old woman experiencing lower abdominal distension and pain. Laboratory tests indicated elevated serum levels of Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) and human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG). A large mass was detected in the abdomen by physical examination and by transvaginal ultrasonography. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, and a smooth-surfaced, spherical, solid tumor was found on the left ovary, measuring 11.5 x 9.9 x 6.9 cm. Histological evaluation revealed that the tumor consisted of a combination of immature teratoma, Yolk Sac Tumor, and embryonal carcinoma; this is a very rare combination in mixed germ cell tumors.

PMID: 25518772 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Comparison of the KIR3DS1/Bw4 distribution in Chinese healthy and acute myeloid leukemia individuals.

Comparison of the KIR3DS1/Bw4 distribution in Chinese healthy and acute myeloid leukemia individuals.

Hum Immunol. 2015 Mar;76(2-3):79-82

Authors: Tao S, He Y, Zhang W, Wang W, He J, Han Z, Chen N, Dong L, He J, Zhu F, Lv H

Abstract
Killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor (KIR) 3DS1 is one of the most important activating receptors and some studies revealed that KIR3DS1 combined with HLA ligand was not related to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but rare data was reported in Chinese population. In this study, KIR3DS1 gene polymorphisms and HLA-Bw4 were investigated in 189 Chinese AML patients compared with 166 healthy individuals. The results showed that the distributions of KIR3DS1, Bw4, 3DS1/Bw4 and 3DS1/Bw4-80I were insignificantly different between AML and healthy individuals. This study suggests that the presence of 3DS1 and HLA-Bw4 ligands have no effect on AML disease.

PMID: 25636577 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: an unusual malignancy of ovary.

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: an unusual malignancy of ovary.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Nov;24 Suppl 3:S201-3

Authors: Mahmood H, Faheem M, Tahir M, Arif S, Mahmood S, Irfan J

Abstract
Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor (ETT) is a distinct but rare variety of gestational trophoblastic tumors. Misdiagnosis delays effective treatment and affects the survival. The case being reported here involved a 43 years old lady presented with 4 months history of intermenstrual per vaginal bleeding and 6 weeks amenorrhea. Workup has revealed pelvic mass. The patient underwent laparotomy with transabdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopathology turned out to be clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. Patient was put on chemotherapy but there was progression of disease. Review of histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed it as Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor; serum b-hCG was also raised. The case was really challenging for histopathologist. By the time final diagnosis was made, patient developed extensive metastases in lungs and liver and expired. Such an uncommon yet distinct trophoblastic tumor should be kept in mind by pathologists and treating physicians.

PMID: 25518773 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Incidentally discovered giant mucocele of the appendix.

Incidentally discovered giant mucocele of the appendix.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Nov;24 Suppl 3:S196-7

Authors: Harris SH, Khan R, Ansari MM, Maheshwari V

Abstract
Mucocele of the appendix is a rare but well-recognized entity that can mimic several common clinical conditions or present as an incidental radiological or surgical finding at laparotomy. Mucoceles are characterized by distension of the lumen due to accumulation of mucoid substance. They can result from mucosal hyperplasia, mucinous cystadenoma, or mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. If untreated, they may rupture producing the potentially fatal entity Pseudomyxoma peritonei, which is difficult to treat both surgically or medically. Appendectomy is used for simple mucocele or for cystadenoma. Preoperative diagnosis of a mucocele is helpful at the time of surgical intervention with careful mobilization, particularly of large lesions reducing the possibility of rupture and complications. The authors report a case of a 65-year-old man presenting with peritonitis due to a pre-pyloric gastric perforation also having an incidental giant mucocele of the appendix.

PMID: 25518771 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with chordoma in the spine: a retrospective analysis of 153 patients in a single center.

http:--highwire.stanford.edu-icons-exter

Clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with chordoma in the spine: a retrospective analysis of 153 patients in a single center.

Neuro Oncol. 2015 May;17(5):725-32

Authors: Meng T, Yin H, Li B, Li Z, Xu W, Zhou W, Cheng M, Wang J, Zhou L, Yang X, Liu T, Yan W, Song D, Xiao J

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chordoma in the spine is relatively rare, and minimal information has been published in the literature regarding this subject. Moreover, there are controversies over prognostic factors of this disease.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of chordoma in the spine was performed by survival analysis. Local relapse-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed from the date of surgery to the date of local recurrence and death. The LRFS and OS rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method to identify potential prognostic factors. Factors with P values ≤ .1 were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox regression analysis. P values ≤ .05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: A total of 153 patients with spinal chordoma were included in the study. The mean follow-up period was 72.0 months (range, 1-279 months). Local recurrence was detected in 51 cases after initial surgery in our center, while death occurred in 42 cases. The statistical analysis suggested that tumor location of C3-L5, dedifferentiated chordoma, preoperative Frankel scores A-C, and total spondylectomy were independent prognostic factors for LRFS. In addition, total en bloc spondylectomy and Karnofsky' performance status (KPS) ≥ 80% were favorable factors for OS.
CONCLUSIONS: Total spondylectomy, by either en bloc or piecemeal method, could significantly reduce LRFS for spinal chordoma. Location of C3-L5 is a favorable factor for LRFS, while dedifferentiated subtype and preoperative Frankel scores A-C are adverse prognostic factors. In addition, total en bloc spondylectomy and KPS ≥ 80% significantly improve overall survival of patients with spinal chordoma.

PMID: 25488908 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Intracranial dural metastasis presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: a case report and review of literature.

Intracranial dural metastasis presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: a case report and review of literature.

Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24(6):992-5

Authors: Ashish K, Das K, Mehrotra A, Jaiswal A, Jaiswal S, Sahu R, Srivastav A

Abstract
Intracranial dural metastasis presenting as chronic subdural hematoma is a relatively rare clinical scenario. There are different theories explaining the formation of subdural hematoma in such cases. In this report we present a case of chronic subdural hematoma in a 44-year old lady who did not have any clinical evidence of primary tumour anywhere in the body. This lady died in spite of two emergency surgeries. During second surgery, the subdural membrane was sent for histopathological examination which revealed presence of metastatic tumour. We discuss the case along with a review of literature and recommend subdural membrane biopsy in all cases of chronic subdural hematoma.

PMID: 25448223 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Lumbar intraosseous schwannoma: case report and review of the literature.

Lumbar intraosseous schwannoma: case report and review of the literature.

Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24(6):982-6

Authors: Song D, Chen Z, Song D, Li Z

Abstract
Intraosseous schwannomas of the mobile spine are extremely rare. To our knowledge, only 21 cases have been reported in the literature. In this report, we present a case of schwannoma involving the lumbar spine, with a review of the literature and discussion of this rare tumor. A 44 year old male presented with a 3 year history of intermittent low back pain, with radiation into the right lower extremity during the last 2 years. Radiographs revealed an approximately 4 x 4 cm irregular mass with marginal sclerosis located at the L5 vertebra, involving the right pedicle and extruding into the spinal canal. The tumor was resected completely and was confirmed as schwannoma by histological examination. At follow up after 12 months, the patient was free of pain and with no recurrence. Despite its low incidence, intraosseous schwannomas should be considered as the differential diagnosis of an extradural mass involving the vertebrae. Surgery is the preferred treatment method and usually carries a good prognosis.

PMID: 25448221 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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MicroRNA-101-3p suppresses cell proliferation, invasion and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma by targeting Pim-1.

MicroRNA-101-3p suppresses cell proliferation, invasion and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma by targeting Pim-1.

Am J Cancer Res. 2015;5(10):3015-29

Authors: Liu XY, Liu ZJ, He H, Zhang C, Wang YL

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Recent research has revealed miR-101-3p as an important regulator in several cancers. Nevertheless, its function in salivary gland Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), a relatively rare malignance with poor long-term survival rate arisen in head and neck region, remain unknown. In this study, down-regulated miR-101-3p expression was detected in ACC tissues and ACC cell lines with high potential for metastasis. Ectopic expression of miR-101-3p significantly repressed the invasion, proliferation, colony formation, and formation of nude mice xenografts and induced potent apoptosis in ACC cell lines. The provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (Pim-1) oncogene was subsequently confirmed as a direct target gene of miR-101-3p in ACC. Functional restoration assays revealed that miR-101-3p inhibits cell growth and invasion by directly decreasing Pim-1 expression. Protein levels of Survivin, Cyclin D1 and β-catenin were also down-regulated by miR-101-3p. miR-101-3p enhanced the sensitivity of cisplatin in ACC cell lines. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the novel miR-101-3p/Pim-1 axis provides excellent insights into the carcinogenesis and tumor progression of ACC and may be a promising therapeutic target for this type of cancer.

PMID: 26693056 [PubMed]

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Sclerosing Lesions of the Orbit: A Review.

Sclerosing Lesions of the Orbit: A Review.

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2015 Oct-Dec;22(4):447-51

Authors: Lokdarshi G, Pushker N, Bajaj MS

Abstract
Orbital sclerosing inflammation is a distinct group of pathologies characterized by indolent growth with minimal or no signs of inflammation. However, contrary to earlier classifications, it should not be considered a chronic stage of acute inflammation. Although rare, orbital IgG4-related disease has been associated with systemic sclerosing pseudotumor-like lesions. Possible mechanisms include autoimmune and IgG4 related defective clonal proliferation. Currently, there is no specific treatment protocol for IgG4-related disease although the response to low dose steroid provides a good response as compared to non-IgG4 sclerosing pseudotumor. Specific sclerosing inflammations (e.g. Wegener's disease, sarcoidosis, Sjogren's syndrome) and neoplasms (lymphoma, metastatic breast carcinoma) should be ruled out before considering idiopathic sclerosing inflammation as a diagnosis.

PMID: 26692715 [PubMed - in process]

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Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder: A rare case report.

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder: A rare case report.

Urol Ann. 2015 Oct-Dec;7(4):516-9

Authors: Raphael V, Jitani AK, Sailo SL, Vakha M

Abstract
Bladder cancers are the second most common urogenital malignancy, its most common type being urothelial carcinoma. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) which is commonly described in the nasopharynx is a very rare presentation in the bladder. Diagnosis of this entity poses a histopathological challenge. Nonetheless, the correct diagnosis is important as it implies a different therapeutic approach with the potential bladder salvage treatment protocol. We here present a case of an 87-year-old man, who was diagnosed as LELC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of LELC reported from India in English literature.

PMID: 26692678 [PubMed]

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Thyroid cancer in a long-term nonprogressor HIV-1 infection.

Thyroid cancer in a long-term nonprogressor HIV-1 infection.

Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2015 Jul-Dec;36(2):195-7

Authors: Phatak UA, Chitale PV, Jagdale RV

PMID: 26692617 [PubMed]

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Patterns and functional implications of rare germline variants across 12 cancer types.

Patterns and functional implications of rare germline variants across 12 cancer types.

Nat Commun. 2015;6:10086

PMID: 26689913 [PubMed - in process]

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[A case of the successful function-preserving treatment of hyoid bone chondrosarcoma].

[A case of the successful function-preserving treatment of hyoid bone chondrosarcoma].

Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2015;80(5):91-2

Authors: Klochikhin AL, Klochikhin MA, Kuleshov BY

PMID: 26525481 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Insulinoma in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Insulinoma in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Acta Med Iran. 2015;53(5):317-9

Authors: Ghafoori S, Lankarani M

PMID: 26024708 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B].

[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B].

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2015;159:A7719

Authors: Pijnenburg-Kleizen KJ, van Santen HM, Koolen DA, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL

PMID: 25944066 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Laparoscopic Treatment of Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of the Ovary in a Woman With Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Laparoscopic Treatment of Sclerosing Stromal Tumor of the Ovary in a Woman With Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2015 Jul-Aug;22(5):892-5

Authors: Grechi G, Clemente N, Tozzi A, Ciavattini A

PMID: 25764974 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.

Invasive, atypical and aggressive pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.

Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2015 Mar;44(1):99-104

Authors: Sav A, Rotondo F, Syro LV, Di Ieva A, Cusimano MD, Kovacs K

PMID: 25732646 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Comparison of the KIR3DS1/Bw4 distribution in Chinese healthy and acute myeloid leukemia individuals.

Comparison of the KIR3DS1/Bw4 distribution in Chinese healthy and acute myeloid leukemia individuals.

Hum Immunol. 2015 Mar;76(2-3):79-82

Authors: Tao S, He Y, Zhang W, Wang W, He J, Han Z, Chen N, Dong L, He J, Zhu F, Lv H

PMID: 25636577 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: an unusual malignancy of ovary.

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: an unusual malignancy of ovary.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Nov;24 Suppl 3:S201-3

Authors: Mahmood H, Faheem M, Tahir M, Arif S, Mahmood S, Irfan J

PMID: 25518773 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Mixed ovarian germ cell tumor composed of immature teratoma, yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma.

Mixed ovarian germ cell tumor composed of immature teratoma, yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Nov;24 Suppl 3:S198-200

Authors: Wang Y, Zhou F, Qian Z, Qing J, Zhao M, Huang L

PMID: 25518772 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Incidentally discovered giant mucocele of the appendix.

Incidentally discovered giant mucocele of the appendix.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014 Nov;24 Suppl 3:S196-7

Authors: Harris SH, Khan R, Ansari MM, Maheshwari V

PMID: 25518771 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with chordoma in the spine: a retrospective analysis of 153 patients in a single center.

Clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with chordoma in the spine: a retrospective analysis of 153 patients in a single center.

Neuro Oncol. 2015 May;17(5):725-32

Authors: Meng T, Yin H, Li B, Li Z, Xu W, Zhou W, Cheng M, Wang J, Zhou L, Yang X, Liu T, Yan W, Song D, Xiao J

PMID: 25488908 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Intracranial dural metastasis presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: a case report and review of literature.

Intracranial dural metastasis presenting as chronic subdural hematoma: a case report and review of literature.

Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24(6):992-5

Authors: Ashish K, Das K, Mehrotra A, Jaiswal A, Jaiswal S, Sahu R, Srivastav A

PMID: 25448223 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Lumbar intraosseous schwannoma: case report and review of the literature.

Lumbar intraosseous schwannoma: case report and review of the literature.

Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24(6):982-6

Authors: Song D, Chen Z, Song D, Li Z

PMID: 25448221 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Leptomeningeal dissemination of pilocytic astrocytoma in a 17-year-old boy.

Leptomeningeal dissemination of pilocytic astrocytoma in a 17-year-old boy.

Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24(6):978-81

Authors: Jandaghi AB, Bidabadi E, Saadat S, Alijani B, Daliri S, Reyhanian Z, Mashouf M

Abstract
Pilocytic astrocytoma with leptomeningeal dissemination is a rare phenomenon and can be associated with obstructive hydrocephalus and an unfavorable prognosis. Herein, we report a seventeen-year-old boy with a history of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt insertion due to severe hydrocephalus who presented with progressive headache and vomiting together with ocular and cerebellar signs and symptoms. Neuroimaging confirmed the presence of multiple intracranial masses in the cerebellum and thalamus. Intracranial dissemination of tumor to the the leptomeninges was seen during neuroendoscopy. Simultaneous biopsy and endoscopic third ventriculostomy were performed and the diagnosis of low-grade pilocytic astrocytoma with leptomeningeal dissemination was made by histological examination. The patient underwent chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy to reduce the risk of reoccurrence of the primary tumor and was followed for one year.

PMID: 25448220 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Pituitary stone: a case report and review of the literature.

Pituitary stone: a case report and review of the literature.

Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24(6):967-73

Authors: Tanriover N, Kucukyuruk B, Hatipoglu E, Comunoglu N

Abstract
A 39-year-old male without any significant complaints or symptoms presented with a calcified lesion located at the sellar region. Total removal of the lesion has been achieved via an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach. Histopathological examination of the lesion revealed a pituitary stone. This report describes the first pituitary stone formed within a plurihormonal pituitary adenoma and also differs from previous studies in means of chosen surgical method that is the first endoscopic approach to a pituitary stone. Additionally, by reviewing previous cases, a classification has been proposed and possible pathophysiological mechanisms behind this rare entity have been discussed.

PMID: 25448218 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Pituitary atypical adenoma or carcinoma sensitive to temozolomide combined with radiation therapy: a case report of early identification and management.

Pituitary atypical adenoma or carcinoma sensitive to temozolomide combined with radiation therapy: a case report of early identification and management.

Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24(6):963-6

Authors: Zhong C, Yin S, Zhou P, Jiang S

Abstract
Pituitary carcinoma is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose early. Here we present a case of highly suspected pituitary malignant adenoma with early chemotherapy and radiation. A 30-year-old woman was admitted for headache and impaired vision, MRI found a sellar mass. Since there was no disturbance in serum hormone levels, she was diagnosed with non-functioning pituitary adenoma before surgery. Transsphenoidal removal of tumor was attempted but only partial resection of tumor was achieved. Pathology findings suggested a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. PET-CT scan showed the tumor had elevated max standardized uptake value. No other abnormal sites were found, which excluded metastasis to pituitary. After surgery, the patient was treated with temozolomide assisted with radiation and tumor disappeared on MRI. No recurrence was observed on 1-year follow up. In conclusion, early temozolomide with radiation therapy for highly suspected pituitary carcinoma might be beneficial.

PMID: 25448217 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Thyroglossal duct surgery. Sistrunk procedure

Publication date: Available online 22 December 2015
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): C.-A. Righini, A. Hitter, E. Reyt, I. Atallah
Midline cysts of the neck are the most common congenital malformations of the neck. They arise along the thyroglossal duct. The presence of a fistula is the result of either spontaneous (suppuration) or surgical fistulisation (simple incision or incomplete excision). The cyst and/or fistula are located between the base of the tongue and the thyroid gland, predominantly adjacent to the hyoid bone. This midline site can be explained by embryological development of the thyroid gland. Treatment is surgical. Many techniques have been described, but Sistrunck procedure (described in 1920), based on embryological studies, remains the reference technique with a recurrence rate of less than 3%, provided surgery is performed correctly, comprising resection of the body of the hyoid. Risk factors for recurrence are: surgery during the inflammatory phase, cyst rupture during dissection, multiple thyroglossal ducts and a technical error during the surgical procedure.

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Mitochondrial DNA hypomethylation in chrome plating workers

Publication date: 22 January 2016
Source:Toxicology Letters, Volume 243
Author(s): Yang Linqing, Xia Bo, Yang Xueqin, Ding Hong, Wu Desheng, Zhang Huimin, Jiang Gaofeng, Liu Jianjun, Zhuang Zhixiong
A matched case–control study was conducted to examine the relationship between chromium (Cr) exposure and variation in mitochondrial (mt) DNA methylation. We enrolled 29 pairs of subjects in this study; Cr exposure was confirmed in the cases by detecting blood Cr and other metal ion concentrations. DNA damage caused by Cr exposure was determined in terms of binucleated micronucleus frequency (BNMN) and mtDNA copy number. Finally, a Sequenom MassARRAY platform was applied to inspect the DNA methylation levels of mitochondrially encoded tRNA phenylalanine (MT-TF), mitochondrially encoded 12S RNA (MT-RNR1), and long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) genes. The blood Cr ion concentration and micronucleus frequency of the Cr-exposed group were higher than those of the control group, whereas the mtDNA copy number remained unchanged. The methylation levels of MT-TF and MT-RNR1 but not LINE-1 were significantly lower in Cr-exposed workers. Pearson correlation analysis showed that workers with higher blood Cr ion concentrations exhibited lower MT-TF and MT-RNR1 gene methylation, and multiple linear regression analysis indicated that CpG sites 1 and 2 in MT-TF and CpG site 6 in MT-RNR1 were affected. These results suggested that methylation level of mtDNA has the possibility of acting as an alternative effect biomarker for Cr exposure.

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Role of salivary malondialdehyde in assessment of oxidative stress among diabetics

Publication date: Available online 22 December 2015
Source:Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research
Author(s): Komal Smriti, Keerthilatha Muralidhar Pai, Vineetha Ravindranath, Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati
AimsTo evaluate and compare the salivary content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with type 2 diabetes and control subjects.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 30 freshly diagnosed subjects of diabetes mellitus and 30 volunteers with no diabetes mellitus. Serum and salivary MDS levels were evaluated among all the subjects.ResultsThe mean serum MDA in group controls and diabetics was 0.95±0.13 and 3.11±0.42. The mean salivary MDA in group controls and diabetics was 0.26±0.05μmol/l and 0.81±0.07μmol/l. The mean serum and salivary MDA levels were significantly higher in group diabetics than control group (p<0.001 and <0.001) respectively. There was significant positive strong correlation between serum and salivary MDA levels in both controls and diabetics groups (r=0.857, p<0.001 and r=0.891, p<0.001) respectively.ConclusionMDA was detectable in saliva in both diabetic and control groups. There was a positive significant correlation between salivary and serum MDA in diabetic and control subjects. Hence, salivary MDA appears to be an indicator of serum MDA concentration.

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Editorial Board

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Thyroglossal duct surgery. Sistrunk procedure

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Role of salivary malondialdehyde in assessment of oxidative stress among diabetics

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Demoralization Scale in Spanish-Speaking Palliative Care Patients

Among the approaches to the demoralization syndrome, the one proposed by Kissane et al. is prevalent in the literature. These authors developed the Demoralization Scale (DS) in order to assess emotional distress, conceived as demoralization. (Source: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management)

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A systematic review of the impact of center volume in dialysis

Abstract

Background

A significant relationship exists between the volume of surgical procedures that a given center performs and subsequent outcomes. It seems plausible that such a volume–outcome relationship is also present in dialysis.

Methods

MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched in November 2014 for non-experimental studies evaluating the association between center volume and patient outcomes [mortality, morbidity, peritonitis, switch to hemodialysis (HD) or any other treatment], without language restrictions or other limits. Selection of relevant studies, data extraction and critical appraisal were performed by two independent reviewers. We did not perform meta-analysis due to clinical and methodological heterogeneity (e.g. different volume categories).

Results

16 studies met out inclusion criteria. Most studies were performed in the US. The study quality ranged from fair to good. Only few items were judged to have a high risk of bias, while many items were judged to have an unclear risk of bias due to insufficient reporting. All 10 studies that analyzed peritoneal dialysis (PD) technique survival by modeling switch to HD or any other treatment as an outcome showed a statistical significant effect. The relative effect measures ranged from 0.25 to 0.94 (median 0.73) in favor of high volume centers. All nine studies indicated a lower mortality for PD in high volume centers, but only study was statistical significant.

Conclusions

This systematic review supports a volume–outcome relationship in peritoneal dialysis with respect to switch to HD or any other treatment. An effect on mortality is probably present in HD. Further research is needed to identify and understand the associations of center volume that are causally related to patient benefit.

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Traumatic intrapericardial diaphragmatic hernia: findings on a computed tomography scan

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Demoralization Scale in Spanish-Speaking Palliative Care Patients

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The diagnostic utility of 3D electroencephalography source imaging in pediatric epilepsy surgery

Summary

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of three-dimensional electroencephalography source imaging (3D-ESI) with low-resolution electroencephalographic data in the pediatric noninvasive presurgical evaluation, and to compare the findings with positron emission tomography (PET) and ictal single-photon emission computed tomography (iSPECT).

Methods

We retrospectively selected 60 patients from a database of 594 patients who underwent excisional surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy. Patients were <18 years at time of surgery, had at least one presurgical volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and at least 1 year of outcome data. 3D-ESI was performed with NeuroScan software CURRY V.7.0. For each patient the surgical resection was planned utilizing 3D-ESI as an adjunctive tool to supplement MRI and electrocorticographic data. Our analyses addressed three critical variables: pathology (focal cortical dysplasia vs. other pathologies), imaging (MRI negative vs. positive cases), and surgery (temporal resection vs. extratemporal and multilobar resections). We also compared the localizing utility and surgical outcome of 3D-ESI findings with PET, iSPECT, and the colocalized surgical resection. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 20.

Results

Mean age at surgery was 11.18 years (range 1–18 years). 3D-ESI showed a strong correlation with the surgical resection cavity (65.0%), particularly within the temporal lobe. 3D-ESI demonstrated better localization in MRI-negative cases (78.6%), which was not statistically significant. 3D-ESI also correlated with a superior surgical outcome profile compared to PET and iSPECT.

Significance

Our findings demonstrate that 3D-ESI data obtained with low-resolution electroencephalography achieves reasonably accurate noninvasive localization of epileptic spikes in pediatric focal epilepsy, especially in temporal lobe and MRI-negative cases, and is comparable to iSPECT and PET. Given its lesser expense and lack of radiation exposure, 3D-ESI is a useful and efficient tool for evaluating surgical candidacy in pediatric epilepsy surgery centers, particularly if PET and iSPECT are unavailable.

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Pc-facs

PC-FACS (Fast Article Critical Summaries for Clinicians in Palliative Care) provides hospice and palliative care clinicians with concise summaries of the most important findings from more than 100 medical and scientific journals. If you have colleagues who would benefit from receiving PC-FACS, please encourage them to join the AAHPM at aahpm.org. Comments from readers are welcomed at pc-facs@aahpm.org. (Source: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management)

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Small heat shock proteins are induced during multiple sclerosis lesion development in white but not grey matter

The important protective role of small heat-shock proteins (HSPs) in regulating cellular survival and migration, counteracting protein aggregation, preventing apoptosis, and regulating inflammation in the cent…

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Tai Chi Exercise for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Context. (Source: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management)

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Pc-facs

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Tai Chi Exercise for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Context. (Source: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management)

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Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

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Η λίστα ιστολογίων μου

Τετάρτη 23 Δεκεμβρίου 2015

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Summary

Objective

Methods

Results

Significance

Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου