Clinical significance of extrathyroidal extension according to primary tumor size in papillary thyroid carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:European Journal of Surgical Oncology
Author(s): Lihua Liu, Chan Oh, Jae Hyung Heo, Hee Sung Park, Kyungmin Lee, Jae Won Chang, Seung-Nam Jung, Bon Seok Koo
BackgroundExtrathyroidal extension (ETE) is a risk factor for poor papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) outcomes. However, the clinical significance of ETE according to primary tumor size has not been well-established. The purpose of this study was to compare differences in clinical outcomes, according to the presence and extent of ETE, between different primary tumor size groups.MethodsIn total, 381 patients with PTC underwent total thyroidectomy with or without lymph node (LN) dissection from 2004 to 2010. We divided the patients into two groups according to primary tumor size: ≤ 1 cm or > 1 cm. Each group was further divided into subgroups according to the presence of ETE (ETE vs. no ETE) and degree of ETE (microscopic ETE vs. macroscopic ETE). The clinicopathological features and rate of recurrence during follow-up were compared among groups.ResultsAmong the PTC patients with primary tumors >1 cm, patients with ETE had a higher recurrence rate than those without ETE, and only macroscopic ETE affected recurrence in patients with PTC > 1cm (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in recurrence rates between those without ETE and those with microscopic ETE (P=0.100). When the primary tumor size was less than 1 cm, there were no difference in recurrence rates between the groups with or without ETE, or between the groups with microscopic and macroscopic ETE (P >0.05).ConclusionsOur data suggests that the presence and degree of ETE may be associated with PTC outcome based on primary tumor size.



https://ift.tt/2JHgGYT

Silencing of the FTO gene inhibits insulin secretion: An in vitro study using GRINCH cells

Publication date: 5 September 2018
Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 472
Author(s): Jalal Taneera, Rashmi B. Prasad, Sarah Dhaiban, Abdul Khader Mohammed, Leena Haataja, Peter Arvan, Mawieh Hamad, Leif Groop, Claes B. Wollheim
Expression of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) and ADP-ribosylation factor-like 15 (ARL15) in human islets is inversely correlated with HbA1c. However, their impact on insulin secretion is still ambiguous. Here in, we investigated the role of FTO and ARL15 using GRINCH (Glucose-Responsive Insulin-secreting C-peptide-modified Human proinsulin) clonal rat β-cells. GRINCH cells have inserted GFP into the human C-peptide insulin gene. Hence, secreted CpepGFP served to monitor insulin secretion. mRNA silencing of FTO in GRINCH cells showed a significant reduction in glucose but not depolarization-stimulated insulin secretion, whereas ARL15 silencing had no effect. A significant down-regulation of insulin mRNA was observed in FTO knockdown cells. Type-2 Diabetic islets revealed a reduced expression of FTO mRNA. In conclusion, our data suggest that fluorescent CpepGFP released from GRINCH cells may serve as a convenient marker for insulin secretion. Silencing of FTO expression, but not ARL15, inhibits insulin secretion by affecting metabolic signaling.



https://ift.tt/2HKNhv0

Fast Compensatory Functional Network Changes Caused by Reversible Inactivation of Monkey Parietal Cortex

Abstract

The brain has a remarkable capacity to recover after lesions. However, little is known about compensatory neural adaptations at the systems level. We addressed this question by investigating behavioral and (correlated) functional changes throughout the cortex that are induced by focal, reversible inactivations. Specifically, monkeys performed a demanding covert spatial attention task while the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) was inactivated with muscimol and whole-brain fMRI activity was recorded. The inactivation caused LIP-specific decreases in task-related fMRI activity. In addition, these local effects triggered large-scale network changes. Unlike most studies in which animals were mainly passive relative to the stimuli, we observed heterogeneous effects with more profound muscimol-induced increases of task-related fMRI activity in areas connected to LIP, especially FEF. Furthermore, in areas such as FEF and V4, muscimol-induced changes in fMRI activity correlated with changes in behavioral performance. Notably, the activity changes in remote areas did not correlate with the decreased activity at the site of the inactivation, suggesting that such changes arise via neuronal mechanisms lying in the intact portion of the functional task network, with FEF a likely key player. The excitation–inhibition dynamics unmasking existing excitatory connections across the functional network might initiate these rapid adaptive changes.

https://ift.tt/2sRP1Oq

Analysis of factors associated with cedar pollen sensitization and development of pollinosis in a young Japanese adult population

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2018
Source:Allergology International
Author(s): Satoshi Nakamura, Sachiko Tsunoda, Hiroshi Sakaida, Sawako Masuda, Ahamad Shah Said, Kazuhiko Takeuchi
BackgroundGenetic and environmental factors are proposed to be involved in cedar pollen allergy sensitization and onset. The impact of these factors will provide key information for the prevention of cedar pollen sensitization and allergy onset, which we investigated in this cross-sectional study.MethodsSubjects were 382 young adult volunteers who completed a self-administered questionnaire on self-reported subjective symptoms of pollinosis, physician-diagnosed pollinosis, and background factors. We also measured their serum IgE antibody titers specific for cedar, cypress, and mites. Factors associated with subjective symptoms, physician diagnosis, and the three specific antigens were determined using both univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsSensitization to cedar, cypress, and mites, defined as specific IgE levels of class 1 or above, was found in 78.8%, 64.4%, and 56.0% of subjects, respectively. The prevalence of cedar pollinosis was 41.2% based on subjective symptoms and 22.2% based on physician diagnosis. Factors associated with increased cedar pollen sensitization were mite sensitization, comorbid allergic rhinitis, and family history of cedar pollinosis. Risk-reducing factors for cedar pollen sensitization were keeping a cat, number of common colds, and hours of sleep. Risk-increasing factors for both subjective pollinosis symptoms and physician-diagnosed pollinosis were comorbid allergic rhinitis and family history of cedar pollinosis.ConclusionsSensitization to cedar pollen in this population was extremely high. Both common and distinct factors were associated with sensitization to pollen and with the development of pollinosis. The distinct factors were associated with sensitization to cedar and cypress antigens.



https://ift.tt/2l43kuO

Antiangiogenic therapy: markers of response, “normalization” and resistance

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Author(s): Karima El Alaoui-Lasmaili, Béatrice Faivre
Currently in cancer treatment, one premise is to use antiangiogenic therapies in association with chemotherapy or radiotherapy to augment their efficacy by benefiting from the vascular "normalization" induced by antiangiogenic therapy. This concept defines the time during which the tumor blood vessels adopt normal-like morphology and functionality, i.e. the blood vessels become more mature, the perfusion augments and hypoxia decreases. To date, there is such a diversity of treatment protocols where the type of antiangiogenic to adopt, its dose and duration of administration are different, that knowing when and how to treat is problematic. In this review, we analyzed thoroughly preclinical and clinical studies that use antiangiogenic treatments to benefit from the "normalization" and showed that the effects depend on the type of antiangiogenic administrated (anti-VEGF, anti-VEGFR, Multi-Kinase Inhibitor) and on the duration of treatment. Finally, biomarkers of "normalization" and resistance that could be used in the clinic are presented.



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PCBs risk evaluation, environmental protection, and management: 50-year research and counting for elimination by 2028

https://ift.tt/2LOfK5I

Nonlinear effects of caffeine on the viability, synthesis and gene expression of chondrocytes from the offspring of rats treated during pregnancy

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Acta Histochemica
Author(s): Amanda Maria Sena Reis, Karina Pessoa Oliveira, Isabela Helena Fagundes de Paula, Alisson Paulo da Silva, Júlia Fahrion Tarragô, Natália de Melo Ocarino, Rogéria Serakides
ObjectiveEvaluate the effects of doses of caffeine administered to pregnant rats on the articular cartilage chondrocytes of their offspring.MethodsTwenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups, with one control group and three groups being treated with caffeine at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg throughout pregnancy. At birth, three offspring/females were euthanized so that the chondrocytes could be extracted. At 7, 14 and 21 days of culture, the chondrocytes were subjected to the MTT cell viability assay and an evaluation of their alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen synthesis. Chondrocytes were also stained by Hematoxylin-eosin, PAS, Safranin-O and Alcian Blue. The Sox-9, Runx-2, aggrecan, collagen-II and alkaline phosphatase gene transcript levels were also evaluated. Mean comparisons were performed by the Student–Newman–Keuls test.ResultsChondrocyte cultures from the 25 mg/kg group had the lowest results, as chondrocytes from this group had reduced viability, percentage of cells, alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen and chondrogenic matrix synthesis. A reduced expression of Sox-9, alkaline phosphatase and collagen-II was also detected in the 25 mg/kg group. Chondrocyte cultures of the group treated with 50 mg/kg caffeine showed reduced collagen synthesis and Sox-9 expression. The caffeine dose of 100 mg/kg also reduced collagen and Sox-9 and alkaline phosphatase expression.ConclusionCaffeine administered to pregnant rats negatively alters the articular cartilage chondrocytes of their offspring, reducing the synthesis of collagen and Sox-9 expression regardless of the dose. This study also concluded that the effects of caffeine are not linear or dose-dependent.



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Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Is Superior to Conventional Fractionation in an Orthotopic Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid, Volume 28, Issue 6, Page 739-747, June 2018.


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NFE2-Related Transcription Factor 2 Coordinates Antioxidant Defense with Thyroglobulin Production and Iodination in the Thyroid Gland

Thyroid, Volume 28, Issue 6, Page 780-798, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2LK25MJ

Thyroid Incidentalomas Detected on 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography: Malignant Risk Stratification and Management Plan

Thyroid, Volume 28, Issue 6, Page 762-768, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2JPLSYY

Future Meetings

Thyroid, Volume 28, Issue 6, Page 823-824, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2LMqiCi

Theo J. Visser, PhD (September 17, 1949–March 21, 2018)

Thyroid, Volume 28, Issue 6, Page 687-689, June 2018.


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Excessive Iodine Intake and Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Children and Adolescents Aged 6–19 Years: Results of the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2015

Thyroid, Volume 28, Issue 6, Page 773-779, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2HGM5sB

Incidence and clinical parameters associated with eribulin mesylate-induced peripheral neuropathy

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Author(s): Bin Zhao, Hong Zhao, Jiaxin Zhao
Eribulin mesylate is a microtubule-targeting agent that has been approved for the treatment of breast cancer and liposarcoma. Due to its novel mechanism of action, eribulin therapy induces a distinct profile of adverse events, including peripheral neuropathy. However, the incidence and risk of eribulin-related neurotoxicities are unclear. Here, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Embase from their inception to October 2017. Eligible studies included trials in which eribulin was intravenously administered at a standard dose of 1.4 mg/m² over 2-5 minutes on days 1 and 8 on a 21-day cycle. The events of all-grade and high-grade peripheral neuropathy were collected to calculate the overall incidence and relative risk (RR). A total of thirty-two studies containing 6,129 subjects were included in this analysis. The incidences of all-grade and high-grade eribulin monotherapy-related peripheral neuropathy were 28% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24%-32%) and 4% (95% CI, 3%-5%), respectively. Subgroup analysis further revealed that a higher incidence of neurotoxicities was observed in patients with breast cancer and those with longer treatment duration. Moreover, eribulin-treated subjects had a significantly increased risk of all-grade (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.70-2.35; p = 0.008) and high-grade (RR, 3.68; 95% CI, 2.30-5.89; p<0.001) neurotoxicities. Our results suggested that patients treated with eribulin had an increased risk of developing peripheral neuropathy.

Graphical abstract

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Radiation therapy in renal cell carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Author(s): Francesca De Felice, Vincenzo Tombolini




https://ift.tt/2JFAOKM

RSS Story 01

RSS Story 01 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Phasellus dignissim dapibus erat, non hendrerit tortor tempus sed....

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Endonuclease-independent DNA Mismatch Repair Processes on the Lagging Strand

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:DNA Repair
Author(s): Eric A. Josephs, Piotr E. Marszalek
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathways coordinate the excision and re-synthesis of newly-replicated DNA if a mismatched base-pair has been identified by protein MutS or MutS homologues (MSHs) after replication. DNA excision during MMR is initiated at single-strand breaks (SSBs) in vitro, and several redundant processes have been observed in reconstituted systems which either require a pre-formed SSB in the DNA and/or require a mismatch-activated nicking endonuclease to introduce a new SSB in order to initiate MMR. However, the conditions under which each of these processes may actually occur in living cells have remained obscured by the limitations of current MMR assays. Here we use a novel assay involving chemically-modified oligonucleotide probes to insert targeted DNA 'mismatches' directly into the genome of living bacteria to interrogate their replication-coupled repair processes quantitatively in a strand-, orientation-, and mismatched nucleotide-specific manner. This 'semi-protected oligonucleotide recombination' (SPORE) assay reveals direct evidence in Escherichia coli of an efficient endonuclease-independent MMR process on the lagging strand—a mechanism that has long-since been considered for lagging-strand repair but never directly shown until now. We find endonuclease-independent MMR is coordinated asymmetrically with respect to the replicating DNA—directed primarily from 3′- of the mismatch—and that repair coordinated from 3′- of the mismatch is in fact the primary mechanism of lagging-strand MMR. While further work is required to explore and identify the molecular requirements for this alternative endonuclease-independent MMR pathway, these findings made possible using the SPORE assay are the first direct report of this long-suspected mechanism in vivo.



https://ift.tt/2t3PKeO

Regulation of DNA repair in the absence of classical non-homologous end joining

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:DNA Repair
Author(s): Youn-Jung Kang, Catherine T. Yan
Classical non-homologous end-joining (cNHEJ) is the main pathway for the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. In the absence of c-NHEJ, an alternative end-joining (A-EJ) mechanism resolves DSBs. To date, no A-EJ specific factor has been identified. Instead, this mechanism appears to co-opt proteins involved in more than one DNA repair pathway. These include components of base-excision repair (PARP1/XRCC1/LIG3), interstrand cross-link repair (BRCA1/FANCD2), and DSB response/DNA end-resection (MRE11A/RAD50/RBBP8). To clarify the contribution of these factors to A-EJ, here we examined their expression and recruitment to DSBs in correlation with surrogates of cNHEJ (53BP1) and homologous recombination (RAD51) in cells deficient for the cNHEJ end-ligation component XRCC4. This revealed XRCC4-deficient cells exhibited marked increases in the stability of A-EJ transcripts that result in correspondingly elevated levels of associated proteins, in comparison to WT cells. RAD51 was also increased while 53BP1 was unaffected. Treatment with radiomimetic DSB-inducing drug doxorubicin did not influence these activities. However, FANCD2, BRCA1 and XRCC1 foci, prominently associated with 53BP1 foci and hence DSBs resolved by cNHEJ, were only detected in doxorubicin-treated XRCC4-deficient cells. Strikingly, treatment of XRCC4-deficient cells with the PARP-specific inhibitor Niraparib enhanced A-EJ, and substantially induced 53BP1 transcripts and the numbers of A-EJ-associated 53BP1 DNA damage foci. RAD51 was severely inhibited, and upstream cNHEJ (KU70/KU80/DNA-PKCs/ARTEMIS) transcripts were substantially induced. These latter results were recapitulated in BRCA1-deficient cells, which contrastingly did not affect 53BP1 or PARP1 status irrespective of doxorubicin or Niraparib treatment. Hence A-EJ is regulated transcriptionally, reduced by a higher turnover rate in cNHEJ-proficient cells and sustained but fine-tuned by PARP1 in XRCC4-deficient cells to promote DNA repair and survival. Upstream cNHEJ components are similarly transcriptionally down-modulated by PARP1 and BRCA1 in a manner inversely correlated with HR and mechanistically distinct from A-EJ respectively in cNHEJ-deficient and cNHEJ-proficient settings.



https://ift.tt/2l2Iyfc

Patterns of disease control and survival in patients with melanoma brain metastases undergoing immune-checkpoint blockade

Publication date: August 2018
Source:European Journal of Cancer, Volume 99
Author(s): Laura Milsch, Anja Gesierich, Sophia Kreft, Elisabeth Livingstone, Lisa Zimmer, Matthias Goebeler, Dirk Schadendorf, Bastian Schilling
ObjectivesImmune-checkpoint blockers (ICBs) significantly prolong overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced melanoma. Limited data are available on the efficacy and clinical benefit in patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBMs). The aim of this study was to determine whether ICB is active in an unselected cohort treated of patients with known brain metastases and if disease control correlates with the survival.MethodsA total of 385 patients with metastatic malignant melanoma treated with ICB as monotherapy between 2005 and 2017 in two tertiary referral centres were included. Patient records were searched for the development of brain metastases. Demographic and clinical data of all patients were collected retrospectively.ResultsWe identified 177 patients with MBM who received ICBs (ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab). Patients with and without brain metastases received similar ICB regimens. Prognosis was inferior in patients with brain metastases; patients with >1 brain metastasis showed even poorer survival. For extracranial (ec) metastases, disease control was associated with improved survival. However, when comparing patients with intracranial (ic) disease control during immunotherapy to patients with ic disease progression, no difference in OS could be observed.ConclusionsIn our study, ec disease control was the dominant predictive factor for OS in both patients with or without melanoma brain metastases. These data indicate that clinical trials in melanoma patients with brain metastases should address end-points such as symptom control, quality of life or OS in addition to ic response rates.



https://ift.tt/2JBdKAM

Data on the evaluation of structural index from aeromagnetic enhanced datasets with the application of Euldph-λ semi-automatic algorithm

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 19
Author(s): John Stephen Kayode, Yusri Yusup
A secondary dataset was generated from the Euldph-λ semi-automatic Algorithm, (ESA) developed to automatically computes various depths to the magnetic anomalies using a primary data set from gridded aeromagnetic data obtained in the study area. Euler Deconvolution techniques, (EDT), was adopted in the identification and definition of the magnetic anomaly source rocks in the study area. The aim is to use the straightforward technique to pinpoint magnetic anomalies at a depth which substantiate mineralization potential of the area. The ESA was integrated with the imaging function of Oasis Montaj 2014 source parameter from Geosoft® Inc. From the data, it could be summarized that similar tectonic processes during the deformation and metamorphic activities, the subsurface structures of the study area produce corresponding trending form.



https://ift.tt/2l4iU9R

Fusarium graminearum 1H NMR metabolomics

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 19
Author(s): A. Sevastos, I.F. Kalampokis, A. Panagiotopoulou, M. Pelecanou, K.A. Aliferis
Raw ¹H NMR spectra of Fusarium graminearum hyphae can be found at the website of the pesticide metabolomics group (PMG) of the Agricultural University of Athens at the address: https://ift.tt/2l6wNVf, accession number PMG-01–17. The data set support the research article "Implication of Fusarium graminearum Primary Metabolism in its Resistance to Benzimidazole Fungicides as revealed by ¹H NMR Metabolomics" [1].



https://ift.tt/2t3zUAV

Data on lithofacies, sedimentology and palaeontology of South Rifian Corridor sections (Morocco)

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 19
Author(s): W. Capella, N. Barhoun, R. Flecker, F.J. Hilgen, T. Kouwenhoven, L.C. Matenco, F.J. Sierro, M.A. Tulbure, M.Z. Yousfi, W. Krijgsman
We provide lithological, sedimentological and micropalaeontological descriptions of 39 sections and boreholes crossing the upper Miocene deposits of the Rifian Corridor. These deposits represent the sedimentary remnants of the marine gateway that connected the Atlantic to the Mediterranean in the late Miocene. Results from these 39 sites were adopted to reconstruct the palaeogeographic evolution of the gateway presented in the associated research article (Capella et al., 2018) [1]. For each outcrop we present a synthesis of field observations, lithofacies, key sedimentological features, planktic and benthic assemblages.



https://ift.tt/2t9Puen

Students’ participation in Hult Prize and their decision for entrepreneurship: Data gathered from Hult Prize 2018 regional finals in Nigeria

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 19
Author(s): Stephen Oluwatobi, Damilare Oshokoya, Aderemi Atayero, Olumuyiwa Oludayo, Colette Nsofor, Adeola Oyebode
This data article is an expression of data that reflects how students' participation in the Hult Prize 2018 regional finals affects their decision to become entrepreneurs. The primary data was sourced using a questionnaire developed with Google doc form. Out of 120 students that participated in the Hult Prize 2018 regional finals in Nigeria, 103 of them responded. Their responses are as presented in this article. Such will be relevant to researchers who want to find out why students desire to become entrepreneurs and the best approach and timing to enable them.



https://ift.tt/2t26EKM

Paleotemperature, geochemical and grain size data in Quaternary sediments from the Gloria Drift (Northwest Atlantic)

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 19
Author(s): Leyla Bashirova, Evgenia Dorokhova, Vadim Sivkov, Ekaterina Novichkova
Data file presents information on the variation in sea surface temperatures (SST), as well as geochemical (e.g. stable isotope, calcium carbonate), micropaleontological and grain size data from the Gloria Drift (Northwest Atlantic). The data are obtained from the three marine sediment gravity core sections (AMK-4493, AI-3646 and AI-3415) which were formed during Quaternary period. Dataset contains SST values (winter and summer: 0–50 water layer) and ice-rafted debris (IRD) counts, each in 308 samples; stable isotope data (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C) from 235 samples; calcium carbonate content from 351 samples; relative abundance of polar species of planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) (Ehrenberg) in 51 samples, data of grain size analysis in bulk sediments (123 samples) and carbonate-free sediments (664). These data provide information about conditions of sedimentation at the Gloria Drift area.



https://ift.tt/2l3WO7m

Geoelectrical resistivity data set for characterising crystalline basement aquifers in Basiri, Ado-Ekiti, southwestern Nigeria

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 19
Author(s): Ahzegbobor P. Aizebeokhai, Olubukola Ogungbade, Kehinde D. Oyeyemi
This article consists of data sets for thirty (30) vertical electrical sounding (VES) and four (4) traverses of 2D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) collected within, Ado-Ekiti, southwestern Nigeria using an ABEM Terrameter (SAS 1000/4000) system. Win-Resist computer program was used to process the apparent resistivity data sets for the VES to determine the geoelectric layers and their respective parameters (resistivity and thickness). The observed data sets for the 2D ERI were processed using RES2DINV software to obtain 2D inverse model resistivity distribution of the subsurface. The resistivity soundings and the 2D ERI were combined to delineate and characterise the crystalline basement features associated with basement aquifers.



https://ift.tt/2y2dfui

Survey dataset on analysis of queues in some selected banks in Ogun State, Nigeria

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 19
Author(s): Sheila A. Bishop, Hilary I. Okagbue, Pelumi E. Oguntunde, Abiodun A. Opanuga, Oluwole A. Odetunmibi
Queuing theory is the mathematical study of waiting queues (or lines). The theory enables the mathematical analysis of several related processes such as arriving at the queue, waiting in line and being served by a server. This data article contains the analysis of queuing systems obtained from queues from the observed data of some selected banks in Ogun State. One of the gains expected from this survey, is to help review the efficiency of the models used by banks in such geographical locations in sub-Saharan countries. The Survey attempts to estimate the average waiting time and length of queue(s).



https://ift.tt/2l6wMRb

Current and future challenges of subcutaneous and sublingual allergy immunotherapy for allergists in the United States

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Harold S. Nelson




https://ift.tt/2Mm1YYZ

Loss of Trem2 in microglia leads to widespread disruption of cell coexpression networks in mouse brain

Publication date: September 2018
Source:Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 69
Author(s): Guillermo Carbajosa, Karim Malki, Nathan Lawless, Hong Wang, John W. Ryder, Eva Wozniak, Kristie Wood, Charles A. Mein, Richard J.B. Dobson, David A. Collier, Michael J. O'Neill, Angela K. Hodges, Stephen J. Newhouse
Rare heterozygous coding variants in the triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) gene, conferring increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's disease, have been identified. We examined the transcriptional consequences of the loss of Trem2 in mouse brain to better understand its role in disease using differential expression and coexpression network analysis of Trem2 knockout and wild-type mice. We generated RNA-Seq data from cortex and hippocampus sampled at 4 and 8 months. Using brain cell-type markers and ontology enrichment, we found subnetworks with cell type and/or functional identity. We primarily discovered changes in an endothelial gene-enriched subnetwork at 4 months, including a shift toward a more central role for the amyloid precursor protein gene, coupled with widespread disruption of other cell-type subnetworks, including a subnetwork with neuronal identity. We reveal an unexpected potential role of Trem2 in the homeostasis of endothelial cells that goes beyond its known functions as a microglial receptor and signaling hub, suggesting an underlying link between immune response and vascular disease in dementia.



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Reflections on the Boston Marathon from a Breast Cancer Oncologist (or, Why I Just Don't Quit)

https://ift.tt/2t2S3yB

Frontline Treatment for Older Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma

AbstractThe natural history of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) undergoing chemotherapy is a cyclical pattern of remission followed by recurrence of disease due to acquired chemotherapy resistance. The median age of the occurrence of MCL is 65 years, so half of the newly diagnosed MCL patients are considered "elderly." The tolerance to long‐term chemotherapy in elderly patients is decreased; hence, the response to frontline therapy used is of paramount importance. We hope that our review may guide clinicians in treating such populations in a more personalized and evidence‐based manner.In the older patients with risk variables, frontline treatment is determined according to different body status of fit, unfit or compromised, and frail. In the fit patients, the pursuit of remission and prolongation of survival might currently justify the use of more intense and toxic therapies. For unfit or compromised older patients, disease control needs to be prioritized, maintaining a balance between the benefits and toxicities of the treatment. For frail patients, tolerance of treatment and minimizing myelotoxicity should be the primary focus. "Chemotherapy‐free" regimens are likely to be considered as the first‐line strategy for this population. On the other hand, in the older MCL population without risk variables, observation or "watch and wait" can prevent overtreatment. Furthermore, more clinical trials and research studies on novel agents and targeted therapies need to be translated into the general population to provide optimal treatment and to guide personalized treatment.Implications for Practice.This review emphasizes the importance of frontline therapies for older MCL patients. MCL patients commonly experience a cyclical pattern of remission followed by recurrence of disease due to acquired chemotherapy resistance. As a special population, elderly patients have various comorbidities and decreased organ function, which may reduce the chances of undergoing treatment for recurrent disease. Thus, this older population of patients with MCL should be treated separately and exceptionally. So far, systematic reviews with regard to frontline treatment for older patients with MCL have not been encountered, but the hope is that this review may guide clinicians in treating such populations in a more personalized and evidence‐based manner.

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Tumor Lysis Syndrome in the 21st Century: To Recreate Risk Factors and Prognosis?

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Pertuzumab: Getting the Balance Right

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Pattern and Predictors of Outpatient Palliative Care Referral Among Thoracic Medical Oncologists

AbstractBackground.There is significant variation in access to palliative care. We examined the pattern of outpatient palliative care referral among thoracic medical oncologists and identified oncologist characteristics associated with greater referral.Materials and Methods.We retrieved data on all patients who died of advanced thoracic malignancies at our institution between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2012. Using median as a cutoff, we defined two groups (high‐referring and low‐referring oncologists) based on their frequency of referral. We examined various oncologist‐ and patient‐related characteristics associated with outpatient referral.Results.Of 1,642 decedents, 444 (27%) had an outpatient palliative care referral. The median proportion of referral among 26 thoracic oncologists was 30% (range 9%–45%; median proportion of high‐referring 37% vs. low‐referring 24% when divided into two groups at median). High‐referring oncologists were significantly younger (age 45 vs. 56) than low‐referring oncologists; they were also significantly more likely to refer patients earlier (median interval between oncology consultation and palliative care consultation 90 days vs. 170 days) and to refer those without metastatic disease (7% vs. 2%). In multivariable mixed‐effect logistic regression, younger oncologists (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97 per year increase, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95–0.995), younger patients (OR = 0.98 per year increase, 95% CI 0.97–0.99), and nonmetastatic disease status (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.78) were significantly associated with outpatient palliative care referral.Conclusion.The pattern of referral to outpatient palliative care varied widely among thoracic oncologists. Younger oncologists were not only referring a higher proportion of patients, but also referring patients earlier in the disease trajectory.Implications for Practice.This retrospective cohort study found that younger thoracic medical oncologists were significantly more likely to refer patients to outpatient palliative care and to do so earlier in the disease trajectory compared with older oncologists, even after adjusting for other known predictors such as patient demographics. The findings highlight the role of education to standardize palliative care access and imply that outpatient palliative care referral is likely to continue to increase with a shifting oncology workforce.

https://ift.tt/2t2RLYx

The widening spectrum of immunological memory

Colleen M Lau | Joseph C Sun

https://ift.tt/2t4qhSb

A Rapidly Fatal Case of Low-Dose Methotrexate Toxicity

An 82-year-old female presented with multiple oral ulcers and malena for 1 week. Her laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia and acute renal failure. She had history of rheumatoid arthritis for which she was taking 7.5 mg methotrexate weekly and stage 4 chronic kidney disease from diabetic nephropathy. During the hospital stay, she developed pneumonia and septic shock requiring norepinephrine and vasopressin. She underwent continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. Leucovorin, filgrastim, and multiple packed red blood cell and platelet transfusions were given. She remained hypotensive and pancytopenic despite all interventions. She died on day 6 of hospital stay from acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to septic shock.

https://ift.tt/2sRkgJs

Anthropometric and body composition changes in smokers vs abstainers following an exercise-aided pharmacotherapy smoking cessation trial for women

Publication date: October 2018
Source:Addictive Behaviors, Volume 85
Author(s): Harry Prapavessis, Stefanie De Jesus, Lyndsay Fitzgeorge, Scott Rollo
IntroductionPost-cessation weight gain contributes to smoking relapse, especially for women. Furthermore, excess weight in the form of android or visceral fat is associated with metabolic health problems. For this study, a secondary analysis was conducted in 2015 to determine whether quitting status, achieved through a 14 week supervised exercise-aided nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) cessation program [Getting Physical on Cigarette Trial-2009 to 2013; Prapavessis, et al., 2016], affects anthropometric and body composition parameters in female smokers (N = 413, M age = 42.39 years).MethodsAnthropometric (weight and BMI) and body composition (% total body fat, % android fat, lean mass and visceral fat) indices were assessed at baseline and end of treatment. Smoking status was confirmed weekly from expired breath carbon monoxide. Adherence to exercise and NRT patch was calculated from the number of exercise sessions attended and patches worn to the number of exercise sessions offered and patches supplied, respectively.ResultsFactorial (smoking status) ANCOVAs controlling for baseline anthropometric and body composition parameters as well as adherence to exercise and NRT revealed significant differences in weight (p = .033; ɳp² = 0.017) and BMI (p = .020; ɳp² = 0.020) at week 14. This equated to abstainers weighing 1.26 kg more and having a 0.52 higher BMI than smokers. No significant differences were found for any of the body composition parameters at week 14 (ɳp² range from 0.001–0.007).ConclusionsAbstainers gain modest weight compared to smokers. This weight gain is related to increases in lean mass and not total, android, or visceral fat.



https://ift.tt/2sXRtCe

Suicidal ideation among adults with a recent sexual assault: Prescription opioid use and prior sexual assault

Publication date: October 2018
Source:Addictive Behaviors, Volume 85
Author(s): Amanda K. Gilmore, Christine K. Hahn, Anna E. Jaffe, Kate Walsh, Angela D. Moreland, Erin F. Ward-Ciesielski
IntroductionSexual assault (SA) is common, and recent sexual assault is associated with suicidal ideation and prescription opioid (PO) use. PO use is also associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation. The current study examined suicidal ideation among adults seeking medical and psychological follow-up care after a SA medical forensic examination based on PO use and prior SA.MethodsAdults (n = 60) who received a SA medical forensic exam at the emergency room within 120 h of a SA were invited to receive medical and psychological follow-up care, which included a questionnaire about current mental health symptoms.ResultsResults from a linear regression model revealed that more acute stress symptoms were associated with higher suicidal ideation. Further, there was a significant association between PO use and suicidal ideation among those with a prior SA such that those with a prior SA and who used POs reported more severe suicidal ideation than those with a prior SA who did not use POs.ConclusionsRoutine screening at the emergency department for PO use and prior SA may help prevention efforts for suicide among adults who recently experienced SA.



https://ift.tt/2MnrEEp

Biological floating bed and bio-contact oxidation processes for landscape water treatment: simultaneous removal of Microcystis aeruginosa , TOC, nitrogen and phosphorus

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify algicidal bacteria J25 against the Microcystis aeruginosa (90.14%), Chlorella (78.75%), Scenedesmus (not inhibited), and Oscillatoria (90.12%). Meanwhile, we evaluate the SOD activity and efficiency of denitrification characteristics with Acinetobacter sp. J25. A novel hybrid bioreactor combined biological floating bed with bio-contact oxidation (BFBO) was designed for treating the landscape water, and the average removal efficiencies of nitrate-N, ammonia-N, nitrite-N, TN, TP, TOC, and algal cells were 91.14, 50, 87.86, 88.83, 33.07, 53.95, and 53.43%, respectively. A 454-pyrosequencing technology was employed to investigate the microbial communities of the BFBO reactor samples. The results showed that Acinetobacter sp. J25 was the dominant contributor for effective removal of N, algal cells, and TOC in the BFBO reactor. And the relative abundance of Acinetobacter showed increase trend with the delay of reaction time.

Graphical abstract

Biological floating bed and bio-contact oxidation (BFBO) as a novel hybrid bioreactor designed for simultaneous removal Microcystis aeruginosa, TOC, nitrogen, and phosphorus. And high-throughput sequencing data demonstrated that Acinetobacter sp. J25 was the dominate species in the reactor and played key roles in the removal of N, TOC, and M. aeruginosa. Proposed reaction mechanism of the BFBO.

https://ift.tt/2y504sr

Endoscopic-Assisted Radial Forearm Free Flap Harvest: A Novel Technique to Reduce Donor Site Morbidity

J reconstr Microsurg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1653983

Background The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) remains a workhorse flap but can have significant donor site morbidity. The authors developed a novel technique for endoscopic-assisted RFFF (ERFFF) harvest and hypothesized improved donor site morbidity. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted evaluating patients who underwent ERFFF or RFFF by a single surgeon for head and neck reconstruction between November 2011 and July 2016; outcomes and complications were compared. A telephone survey was conducted to assess patient satisfaction with donor site appearance and function. Results Twenty-seven ERFFF and 13 RFFF harvests were performed. The cephalic vein was less commonly incorporated in ERFFF patients compared with RFFF patients (3.70 and 38.46%, respectively, p = 0.0095). ERFFF patients had lower rates of wound healing complications (0% vs. 15.38%, p = 0.10) and perfusion-related complications than RFFF patients (3.70% vs. 23.08%, p = 0.092). Fewer ERFFF patients reported a desire for a more normal appearance (42.86% vs. 71.43%, p = 0.361). The ERFFF group had a higher functional score (64.29% vs. 44.44%, p = 0.101), reporting lower rates of associated discomfort (35.71% vs. 85.71%, p = 0.063). None of the differences in rates of complications or patient-reported outcomes between the groups reached statistical significance. Conclusion ERFFF is safe and effective alternative to RFFF, with similar operative time, similar pedicle safety, and elimination of the lengthy forearm incision. Unnecessary cephalic vein dissection can be avoided with endoscopic visualization of the venae comitantes. Further research with a larger sample size and better standardization is needed to assess effects on donor-site morbidity.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

https://ift.tt/2JR16gv

“High Risk Device Registries: Global Value, Costs, and Sustainable Funding.”

Well-designed implant registries have been shown to be a worthwhile investment, from both a health and economic perspective. However, many registries do not attain desirable capture rates or lack sufficient funding, potentially leading to premature termination. This study aims to provide information about rarely discussed, yet pivotal topics regarding the long-term survival of implant registries, focusing on costs, funding models, and the role of stakeholders.

https://ift.tt/2t4ATk4

Use of Dual skin paddles Anterolateral Thigh Perforator flaps in Reconstruction of complex defect of the foot and ankle

Complex soft tissue defect around the ankle and foot still was a difficult reconstructive problem for orthopedic and plastic surgeons. This study describes our clinical experience with the application of dual skin paddles anterolateral thigh perforator (ALTP) flap for reconstruction of complex defects around the ankle and foot.

https://ift.tt/2l3Bwa5

Embracing early recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols: Is it time for otolaryngology to join the parade?

As an academic, clinical and/or investigative surgical specialist, one must embrace the ethical imperative for health care professionals to promulgate refinements in perioperative care that would improve patient outcomes. This editorial comment has been provided to the American Journal of Otolaryngology because clinical and research interactions with the U.S. Department of Defense have demonstrated an interface between nutritional science and hearing disorders [1–3] at a time when there are important changes occurring in the perioperative environment.

https://ift.tt/2t4pOzo

Current and future challenges of subcutaneous and sublingual allergy immunotherapy for allergists in the United States

Both subcutaneous and sublingual allergy immunotherapy (SCIT and SLIT, respectively) for inhalant allergens have proven efficacy for allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma, with limited support for efficacy in selected patients with atopic dermatitis.1 Both SCIT and SLIT have been shown to modify the immunologic defect underlying the allergic respiratory diseases,2 an effect that is clinically manifest by suppression of new sensitization in monosensitized patients, reduction in the development of asthma in those only having allergic rhinitis, and persistence of clinical improvement for years after an adequate course of treatment.

https://ift.tt/2l3AsmB

The ethical issue of “cherry picking” patients

https://ift.tt/2JFqzGl

Circulating anti-bullous pemphigoid 180 autoantibody can be detected in a wide clinical spectrum: A cross-sectional study

https://ift.tt/2JwIcfw

Hair cross sectioning in uncombable hair syndrome: an easy tool for a complex diagnosis

https://ift.tt/2y7jInY

Reply to comment on “Drug survival of apremilast for psoriasis in a real-world setting”

https://ift.tt/2sR5z9g

Health-related quality of life in patients with malignant melanoma by stage and treatment status

https://ift.tt/2JwI8MO

Idelalisib in a patient with refractory Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia complicated by anuric renal failure: a case report

Waldenström's macroglobulinemia is a rare B-cell lymphoma. The gold standard treatment for Waldenström's macroglobulinemia is an anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab) in combination with alkylating agents and dexamet...

https://ift.tt/2l95rNX

Antibiotic resistance genes in China: occurrence, risk, and correlation among different parameters

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance has become a widely concerned issue due to the huge risk on the ecological environment and human health. China has the highest production and consumption of antibiotics than other countries. Thus, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been detected in various environmental settings (e.g., surface water, wastewater, sediment) in China. The occurrence of ARGs in these matrixes was summarized and discussed in this review. Sulfonamide resistance genes and tetracycline resistance genes were the most frequently detected ARGs in China. According to the abundance of these two classes of ARGs in the natural environment, sulfonamide resistance genes seem to be more stable than tetracycline resistance genes. Furthermore, the relationships between ARGs and antibiotics, antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB), heavy metals, and environmental parameters (e.g., pH, organics) were also investigated. Specifically, relative abundance of total ARGs was found to correlate well with concentration of total antibiotics in aqueous phase but not in the solid phase (soil, sediment, sludge, and manure). As for relationship between ARGs and ARB, metals, and environmental parameters in different media, due to complex and variable environment, some exhibit positive correlation, some negative, while others no correlation at all. Three potential risks are discussed in the text: transmission to human, synergistic effect of different ARGs, and variability of ARGs. However, due to the complexity of the environment, more work is needed to establish a quantitative approach of ARG risk assessment, which can provide a theoretical support for the management of antibiotics and the protection of human health.

https://ift.tt/2MnisQC

Response to Alongi et al.

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Radiotherapy and Oncology
Author(s): Hanne Tøndel, Jo Åsmund Lund, Arne Solberg




https://ift.tt/2HIeX3C

Hematologic variables associated with brain failure in patients with small-cell lung cancer

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Radiotherapy and Oncology
Author(s): Ryoko Suzuki, Xiong Wei, Pamela K. Allen, James W. Welsh, Ritsuko Komaki, Steven H. Lin
Background and purposeWe sought factors associated with the development of brain metastases after treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in patients without brain involvement at diagnosis.MethodsWe analyzed 293 patients with SCLC without brain metastases who received chemotherapy, thoracic radiation therapy (TRT), or both in 2001–2015. Pretreatment hematologic markers (platelet count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lactate dehydrogenase) and other clinical characteristics were evaluated for correlation with brain metastases–free survival (BMFS). Cutoffs were established with receiver operating characteristics curves. Factors significant in univariate analysis were used to build a multivariate Cox model for BMFS.ResultsMedian follow-up time was 14.3 months. Brain metastases developed in 115 patients (39%)—32% of those with low pretreatment platelet counts (PPC) (≤270 × 10⁹/L) and 46% of those with high PPC (>270 × 10⁹/L). Median BMFS time for all patients was 27.9 months. Two-year BMFS rates were worse for patients with high PPC (14.6% vs. 22.1% low, P = 0.009). High PPC was independently associated with inferior BMFS (P = 0.038), as were receipt of TRT <45 Gy and no prophylactic cranial irradiation (both P < 0.001).ConclusionsHigh PPC was associated with increased rates of brain metastasis in patients with SCLC with no evidence of brain disease at diagnosis.



https://ift.tt/2JNjwPi

Artificial intelligence in radiation oncology: A specialty-wide disruptive transformation?

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Radiotherapy and Oncology
Author(s): Reid F. Thompson, Gilmer Valdes, Clifton D. Fuller, Colin M. Carpenter, Olivier Morin, Sanjay Aneja, William D. Lindsay, Hugo J.W.L. Aerts, Barbara Agrimson, Curtiland Deville, Seth A. Rosenthal, James B. Yu, Charles R. Thomas
Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a technology with the power to transform established industries, and with applications from automated manufacturing to advertising and facial recognition to fully autonomous transportation. Advances in each of these domains have led some to call AI the "fourth" industrial revolution [1]. In healthcare, AI is emerging as both a productive and disruptive force across many disciplines. This is perhaps most evident in Diagnostic Radiology and Pathology, specialties largely built around the processing and complex interpretation of medical images, where the role of AI is increasingly seen as both a boon and a threat. In Radiation Oncology as well, AI seems poised to reshape the specialty in significant ways, though the impact of AI has been relatively limited at present, and may rightly seem more distant to many, given the predominantly interpersonal and complex interventional nature of the specialty. In this overview, we will explore the current state and anticipated future impact of AI on Radiation Oncology, in detail, focusing on key topics from multiple stakeholder perspectives, as well as the role our specialty may play in helping to shape the future of AI within the larger spectrum of medicine.



https://ift.tt/2JJvMjR

High-risk Staphylococcus aureus transmission in the operating room: A call for widespread improvements in perioperative hand hygiene and patient decolonization practices

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:American Journal of Infection Control
Author(s): Randy W. Loftus, Franklin Dexter, Alysha D.M. Robinson
BackgroundIncreased awareness of the epidemiology of transmission of pathogenic bacterial strain characteristics may help to improve compliance with intraoperative infection control measures. Our aim was to characterize the epidemiology of intraoperative transmission of high-risk Staphylococcus aureus sequence types (STs).MethodsS aureus isolates collected from 3 academic medical centers underwent whole cell genome analysis, analytical profile indexing, and biofilm absorbance. Transmission dynamics for hypertransmissible, strong biofilm-forming, antibiotic-resistant, and virulent STs were assessed.ResultsS aureus ST 5 was associated with increased risk of transmission (adjusted incidence risk ratio, 6.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.82-24.41; P = .0008), greater biofilm absorbance (ST 5 median absorbance ± SD, 3.08 ± 0.642 vs other ST median absorbance ± SD, 2.38 ± 1.01; corrected P = .021), multidrug resistance (odds ratio, 7.82; 95% CI, 2.19-27.95; P = .002), and infection (6/38 ST 5 vs 6/140 STs; relative risk, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.26-10.78; P = .022). Provider hands (n = 3) and patients (n = 4) were confirmed sources of ST 5 transmission. Transmission locations included provider hands (n = 3), patient skin sites (n = 4), and environmental surfaces (n = 2). All observed transmission stories involved the within-case mode of transmission. Two of the ST 5 transmission events were directly linked to infection.ConclusionsIntraoperative S aureus ST 5 isolates are hypertransmissible and pathogenic. Improved compliance with hand hygiene and patient decolonization may help to control the spread of these dangerous pathogens.



https://ift.tt/2HIqa4p

The relationship between physical activity, appetite and energy intake in older adults: A systematic review

Publication date: 1 September 2018
Source:Appetite, Volume 128
Author(s): M.E. Clegg, A. Godfrey
Ageing often causes a reduction in appetite and energy intake in older adults which can result in malnutrition. Current guidelines for older adults suggest increasing physical activity to enhance appetite. However, it is unclear if there is evidence to support this advice. This aim of this review is to assess if appetite and energy intake is changed in older adults that undertake acute or regular physical activity (measured from cross sectional and intervention studies). Databases SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, MEDLINE were searched for studies between 1970 and 2017 using search terms related to ageing, physical activity (including exercise), energy and appetite. Studies included contained adults over 60 years, including acute, cross-sectional and intervention (longitudinal) studies. Of 34 full-text articles assessed, 8 were included. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used for assessing risk of bias. No acute studies were found. Of the cross-sectional studies, one study suggested that individuals who undertake habitual physical activity had an increased energy intake and none of the studies found differences in appetite ratings. Energy intakes increased in the intervention studies, though not always sufficiently to maintain energy balance. One study showed that ability to correctly compensate for previous energy intake was better in those that undertake habitual physical activity. The limited number of studies, wide range of data collection methodologies, time-scales and interventions mean that definitive outcomes are difficult to identify. At this stage advice to increase acute or habitual physical activity as a mean to increase appetite is not supported by sufficient evidence.



https://ift.tt/2JNtOPm

Measuring the meat paradox: How ambivalence towards meat influences moral disengagement

Publication date: 1 September 2018
Source:Appetite, Volume 128
Author(s): Benjamin Buttlar, Eva Walther
Meat consumption elicits highly ambivalent feelings. On the one hand, it is associated with sensory pleasure and tradition; on the other hand, it is linked to moral, ecological, and health-related issues. This conflict is referred to as the meat paradox and it is hypothesized that people who experience the meat paradox resolve resulting discomfort by moral disengagement. However, ambivalence—a central process variable underlying the meat paradox—has never been measured directly, and theorizing on the meat paradox, so far, remains rather elusive. In the present investigation, we assessed meat-related ambivalence by tracking mouse trajectories of people who evaluated meat and plant-based dishes. By using this behavioral measure, our findings support the assumption that omnivores experience greater meat-related ambivalence and use moral disengagement strategies more frequently than non-omnivores. Importantly, our findings also show that experiencing meat-related ambivalence has far-reaching consequences: the larger behavioral ambivalence in omnivores, the higher the use of moral disengagement strategies. Thereby, our findings indicate the importance of ambivalence as a central process variable underlying the meat paradox and highlight how process-orientated research may contribute to our understanding of dietary practices and other potentially harmful behaviors.



https://ift.tt/2HIJYoe

Role of sublingual immunotherapy in the treatment of asthma: An updated systematic review

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l9r8hf

Nasal physiology: improving our understanding in the health and disease

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, Volume 8, Issue 6, Page 666-667, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2t25miJ

Issue Information

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, Volume 8, Issue 6, Page 659-661, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2l84UMq

Mucus T helper 2 biomarkers predict chronic rhinosinusitis disease severity and prior surgical intervention

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t25iiZ

Accessory maxillary ostium repair using middle turbinate flap: a case series of 116 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l3H8RB

Size of septectomy does not affect distribution of nasal irrigation after endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y603Vr

New observations regarding Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer in Mongolia

Helicobacter, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l6iTCi

New observations regarding Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer in Mongolia

Helicobacter, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l6iTCi

Circulating human papillomavirus DNA as a surveillance tool in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2MmDuio

Cochlear implantation using a custom guide catheter in 14 patients with incomplete partition type III

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y5SCNR

Intralesional steroid injection as an alternative treatment for 57 patients of vocal fold mucus retention cysts

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JxWLzt

Socio-economic factors influencing farmers’ willingness to undertake environmental responsibility

Abstract

Acknowledging the importance of water resources protection and sustainable management, the European Parliament enacted directives based on the "polluter-pays" principle aiming for "environmental damage" protection and restoration of water resources. The main aim of this paper is to examine, for the first time in Greece, the possibility of achieving environmental goals, such as reduction of agrochemical pollution and irrigation water use, alongside with the farmers' willingness to undertake the environmental costs arising from their activity. In a questionnaire survey, conducted using a "state preference" method, participants were asked to respond on whether they are willing to absorb an "environmental charge" for the protection and restoration of surface and ground water. It is an essential precondition to understand the factors that affect taxpayers' willingness to participate in the Water Framework Directive, as they are expected to cover the cost of its implementation. The identification of the driving forces that affect stakeholders' environmental decisions can emerge as an important and useful tool in extending public participation in the Water Framework Directive.

https://ift.tt/2sRVsRL

Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of sediment metals in a highly industrialized coastal zone southwestern Taiwan

Abstract

Spatial variations of Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the surface sediments from 34 stations of the Kaohsiung coastal zone southwestern Taiwan were studied to address the current pollution status, sediment quality, and potential ecological risk. The study revealed that the concentrations of sediment metals in Kaohsiung Harbor were alarmingly high compared to the other region of Kaohsiung coast. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the harbor sediments were as high as 351, 247, 1.93, 61.8, 60.9, and 940 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. The current situation of metal pollution was assessed by different pollution indices and results showed moderate to severe enrichment of Cu, Hg, and Zn in the harbor sediments. According to the degree of contamination, pollution load index, and contamination severity index, the sediments from the inner Kaohsiung Harbor show high degree and high severity of metal contamination, while the rest of Kaohsiung coastal areas show uncontaminated or low-level pollution. Results of mean ERM quotient and potential ecological risk index also indicated that the harbor sediments posed a 49% probability of biological toxicity and very high ecological risk. The toxic units indicated that the negative biological effects of the six metals in the harbor sediments were Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Hg > Pb. In contrast to Kaohsiung Harbor as a trap where considerable amount of anthropogenic metal loadings accumulated in sediments, low metal concentrations were observed in most Kaohsiung coastal sediments. It probably resulted from the limited fine-grained sediment deposition. In the wave-dominated Kaohsiung coastal zone, fine-grained sediments associated with polluted metals tend to be easily resuspended and transported offshore via waves and wave-induced currents. The results of this study can provide valuable information for river and coastal zone management.

https://ift.tt/2LLtduG

Antiangiogenic therapy: markers of response, “normalization” and resistance

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Author(s): Karima El Alaoui-Lasmaili, Béatrice Faivre
Currently in cancer treatment, one premise is to use antiangiogenic therapies in association with chemotherapy or radiotherapy to augment their efficacy by benefiting from the vascular "normalization" induced by antiangiogenic therapy. This concept defines the time during which the tumor blood vessels adopt normal-like morphology and functionality, i.e. the blood vessels become more mature, the perfusion augments and hypoxia decreases. To date, there is such a diversity of treatment protocols where the type of antiangiogenic to adopt, its dose and duration of administration are different, that knowing when and how to treat is problematic. In this review, we analyzed thoroughly preclinical and clinical studies that use antiangiogenic treatments to benefit from the "normalization" and showed that the effects depend on the type of antiangiogenic administrated (anti-VEGF, anti-VEGFR, Multi-Kinase Inhibitor) and on the duration of treatment. Finally, biomarkers of "normalization" and resistance that could be used in the clinic are presented.



https://ift.tt/2JvGOtr

Scleroderma‐like skin changes induced by checkpoint inhibitor therapy

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l30yWW

Distinguishing between irritated seborrheic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma in situ using BCL‐2 and IMP3 immunohistochemistry

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4GhcP

The difficulty in interpreting gene expression profiling in BAP‐negative melanocytic tumors

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t1p9yQ

A first for dermatopathology and pathology in general: Appropriate use criteria in dermatopathology from the American Society of Dermatopathology

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l6iyzO

Adenodermatofibroma possessing dilated glandular structures with eccrine features: A case study

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t3qsxc

Primary cutaneous vascular leiomyosarcoma: A rare subtype of leiomyosarcoma of the skin

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l3ynqH

Appropriate use criteria in dermatopathology: Initial recommendations from the American Society of Dermatopathology

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y359ll

Gingival melanoacanthoma associated with pseudomelanocytic nests: Expanding the clinicopathological spectrum of a recently described oral lesion

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l3ynab

Deceptively bland cutaneous angiosarcoma on the nose mimicking hemangioma—A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t2CTtn

The potential of alternatives to face-to-face consultation in general practice, and the impact on different patient groups: a mixed-methods case study.

This study showed a low uptake of alternatives, lack of clarity about their purpose and potential for benefit but little evidence at present

https://ift.tt/2ybXnFU

Protecting the Health and Well-Being of Communities in a Changing Climate: Proceedings of a Workshop.

On March 13, 2017, the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine and the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement jointly convened a 1-day public workshop in Washington, DC, to explore potential strategies for public health, environmental health, health care, and related stakeholders to help communities and regions to address and mitigate the health effects of climate change. Participants discussed the perspectives of civic, government, business, and health-sector leaders, and existing research, best practices, and examples that inform stakeholders and practitioners on approaches to support mitigation of and adaptation to climate change and its effects on population health. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

https://ift.tt/2t8P4VB

Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes.

Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes.

https://ift.tt/2l394VP

Hair cross sectioning in uncombable hair syndrome: an easy tool for a complex diagnosis

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Vincenzo Piccolo, Antonietta Cirocco, Teresa Russo, Bianca Maria Piraccini, Andrea Ronchi, Giuseppe Argenziano




https://ift.tt/2l2VYrI

Reply to comment on “Drug survival of apremilast for psoriasis in a real-world setting”

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Erica B. Lee, Mina Amin, Jashin J. Wu




https://ift.tt/2t11TkE

Circulating anti-bullous pemphigoid 180 autoantibody can be detected in a wide clinical spectrum: A cross-sectional study

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Ziqi Liu, Li Chen, Chengfeng Zhang, Leihong Flora Xiang




https://ift.tt/2l2VOAC

Health-related quality of life in patients with malignant melanoma by stage and treatment status

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Abby R. Rosenberg, Sara J. Weston, Teresa Deshields, Ryan C. Fields, Gerald P. Linette, Lynn A. Cornelius, Yevgeniy R. Semenov




https://ift.tt/2y4yYlp

Review: Surgical Smoke: Risks Assessment and Mitigation Strategies

Publication date: Available online 11 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Corey Georgesen, Shari R. Lipner
BackgroundAlthough many dermatologic surgeons are aware of the risks of surgical smoke, many do not employ hazard reduction strategies.ObjectiveTo identify the infectious, inhalational, chemical, and mutagenic risks of surgical smoke in dermatologic procedures and suggest evidence based hazard reduction strategies.MethodsA review of articles indexed for MEDLINE on PubMed using keywords "surgical smoke", "dermatology", "surgical mask", "respirator", "smoke evacuator", and "guidelines" was performed in 13 combinations using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocols. This review includes data from 45 manuscripts from the dermatology, surgery, infectious disease, obstetrics, and cancer biology literature.ResultsThere are risks associated with surgical smoke, and although some dermatologists are aware of these risks, many are not using hazard reduction strategies such as smoke evacuators and surgical masks.LimitationsMost of the data regarding surgical smoke hazards and methods for smoke safety is derived from in vitro and non-human in vivo studies, in addition to resources outside of the dermatology literature.ConclusionStandardized guidelines for surgical smoke safety should be implemented in the dermatology community and residency curriculum.

Teaser

Dermatologists are repeatedly exposed to surgical smoke from lasers and electrosurgery.; There are relevant infectious, direct physical, chemical, and mutagenic risks of surgical smoke.; These risks can be minimized by use of respirator masks and smoke evacuation systems.


https://ift.tt/2l2YuxU

The ethical issue of “cherry picking” patients

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Travis J. Morrell, Sailesh Konda, Jane M. Grant-Kels




https://ift.tt/2t2Mqk2

Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome in United States Adults

Publication date: Available online 11 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Alanna Staiman, Derek Y. Hsu, Jonathan I. Silverberg




https://ift.tt/2l7Rf86

Low drug survival of apremilast for psoriasis in a real-word-setting

Publication date: Available online 11 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Jorge Santos-Juanes, Lucía Velasco, Pablo Munguía-Calzada, Ana Lozano, Santiago Gómez-Díez




https://ift.tt/2t1NIM1

Systematic Review of the Therapeutic Roles of Adipose Tissue in Dermatology

Publication date: Available online 11 June 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Frances M. Walocko, Ariel E. Eber, Robert S. Kirsner, Evangelos Badiavas, Keyvan Nouri
BackgroundAdipose tissue has classically functioned as a filler in restoring facial volume. Adipose tissue is also rich in stem cells, which may have a role in regenerative medicine.ObjectiveTo summarize the literature on the clinical uses of adipose tissue in scarring, wound healing, and hair growth and determine if evidence exists for clinical practice changes in dermatology.MethodsWe utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) to conduct the review. The PubMed search engine was used to assess the available literature on adipose tissue in scarring, wound healing, and hair growth.ResultsThirteen studies matched our inclusion criteria. Six of seven studies on scar treatment, all three studies on wound healing, and all three studies on hair growth demonstrated improved outcomes with adipose tissue treatments.LimitationsThe literature supporting the use of adipose tissue is limited to case series, cohort studies, and small randomized controlled trials, which have an overall low level of evidence.ConclusionThe existing evidence for adipose tissue as a treatment option in scarring, wound healing, and hair growth is not strong enough to justify changes to current clinical practice. The literature does provide evidence for future large randomized clinical trials.

Teaser

Adipose tissue is rich in stem cells that secrete trophic factors; Several studies have demonstrated improved outcomes in scarring, wound healing, and hair growth with adipose tissue treatments; The evidence on using adipose tissue to treat complex dermatologic conditions is not strong enough to justify changes to current clinical practice.


https://ift.tt/2l7R0Ke

Rapid progression to gummatous tertiary syphilis in a patient with HIV

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2Jw61nI

Human skin‐depigmenting effects of resveratryl triglycolate, a hybrid compound of resveratrol and glycolic acid

International Journal of Cosmetic Science, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l68QNA

Colour differences in Caucasian and Oriental women's faces illuminated by white light‐emitting diode sources

International Journal of Cosmetic Science, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4xw2r

The in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of commercially essential oils and their combinations against acne

International Journal of Cosmetic Science, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l3mTUf

Rapid progression to gummatous tertiary syphilis in a patient with HIV

Australasian Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2Jw61nI

Issue Information ‐ Cover and Editorial Board

Allergy, Volume 73, Issue 6, Page 1147-1147, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2l4GuDq

The treatment of hyaluronic acid aesthetic interventional induced visual loss (AIIVL): A consensus on practical guidance

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JFvyab

Two important novelties in etiopathogenesis and therapy of acne

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue S2, Page 3-4, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2yeEKBd

Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine®

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue S2, Page 15-23, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2l9bylL

Issue Information

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 32, Issue S2, Page 1-2, June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2y4TPFn

Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria with chilblains due to a novel two‐amino‐acid deletion in the double‐stranded RNA‐binding domain of ADAR1

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l3l9dF

Mucosal melanoma: clinical and genetic profile

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t1NLHF

A review of non‐invasive imaging in extramammary Paget's disease

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l3kWXV

Inflammatory cytokines and peripheral mediators in the pathophysiology of pruritus in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2ybojFo

Which acne treatment has the best influence on health‐related quality of life? Literature review by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Force on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t1NjZZ

Longitudinal subungual acanthoma: one denomination for various clinical presentations

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t2AU8m

Reply to mucosal melanoma: clinical and genetic profile

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l6Npfu

Reply to Gambichler T et al.: Altered epigenetic pathways and cell cycle dysregulation in healthy appearing skin of patients with koebnerized squamous cell carcinomas following skin surgery

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y6sLFr

Prurigo Activity Score (PAS): validity and reliability of a new instrument to monitor chronic prurigo

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l6b67O

Evaluation of the appropriate surgical margin for pigmented basal cell carcinoma according to the risk factors for recurrence: a single‐institute retrospective study in Japan

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t2Rc0T

Teledermatology‐driven topical therapy of actinic keratosis: a comparative study of clinical effectiveness and compliance

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l6aW0c

The global prevalence and correlates of skin bleaching: a meta‐analysis and meta‐regression analysis

International Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l66i1Y

The treatment of hyaluronic acid aesthetic interventional induced visual loss (AIIVL): A consensus on practical guidance

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JFvyab

A large shagreen patch with overlying verrucous epidermal naevus: a curious case of colocalization

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JvIoMe

Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis associated with mediastinal synovial sarcoma

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4pSFh

Borst–Jadassohn phenomenon arising from a seborrhoeic keratosis and its characteristic dermoscopic features

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JvIfIG

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient with IgG4‐related disease

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2ybRhW2

Biologic therapy: a boon for hidradenitis suppurativa‐like lesions complicating naevus comedonicus in a prepubertal child

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JvteWZ

A novel frameshift SERPINB7 mutation in a Chinese case with Nagashima‐type palmoplantar keratosis: case report and review of the literature

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JCBQHj

Genetic association between the NLRP3 gene and acne vulgaris in a Chinese population

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2MmIFPg

A dog's life: an unfamiliar and lethal side effect of topical 5‐fluorouracil

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4JsB8

pH‐neutralizing esophageal irrigations as a novel mitigation strategy for button battery injury

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JIUQYh

First case of chronic cutaneous chromoblastomycosis by Rhinocladiella similis aquired in Europe

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2MiFwQq

Utility of tissue elafin as an immunohistochemical marker for diagnosis of acute skin graft‐versus‐host disease: a pilot study

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2ybR7xU

Novel treatment of painful plantar keratoderma in pachyonychia congenita using topical sirolimus

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JySITu

Confirmation of the role of a KRT5 mutation and successful management of skin lesions in a patient with Galli–Galli disease

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JE3XpG

Axillary web syndrome following epidermal inclusion cyst: a case report and literature review

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JzZzvO

A large shagreen patch with overlying verrucous epidermal naevus: a curious case of colocalization

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JvIoMe

Permanent alopecia as a manifestation of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease of the scalp: clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological observations

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JDuOlH

Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis associated with mediastinal synovial sarcoma

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4pSFh

A case of gamasoidosis caused by Dermanyssus gallinae, misdiagnosed as delusional parasitosis

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2Jv1Okd

Borst–Jadassohn phenomenon arising from a seborrhoeic keratosis and its characteristic dermoscopic features

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JvIfIG

An unusual eruption following herpes zoster infection

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y5AIef

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient with IgG4‐related disease

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2ybRhW2

Benefit of electron beam therapy in combination with medium‐dose systemic corticosteroid as a palliative treatment for elderly patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: case report and review of the literature

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JzZd8s

Biologic therapy: a boon for hidradenitis suppurativa‐like lesions complicating naevus comedonicus in a prepubertal child

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JvteWZ

Dermoscopic patterns of early‐stage mycosis fungoides in a Chinese population

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4pDKn

A novel frameshift SERPINB7 mutation in a Chinese case with Nagashima‐type palmoplantar keratosis: case report and review of the literature

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JCBQHj

Treatment of halo naevus with the topical Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib 1.5%

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2Mivxui

Genetic association between the NLRP3 gene and acne vulgaris in a Chinese population

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2MmIFPg

A dog's life: an unfamiliar and lethal side effect of topical 5‐fluorouracil

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4JsB8

First case of chronic cutaneous chromoblastomycosis by Rhinocladiella similis aquired in Europe

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2MiFwQq

Utility of tissue elafin as an immunohistochemical marker for diagnosis of acute skin graft‐versus‐host disease: a pilot study

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2ybR7xU

Novel treatment of painful plantar keratoderma in pachyonychia congenita using topical sirolimus

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JySITu

Confirmation of the role of a KRT5 mutation and successful management of skin lesions in a patient with Galli–Galli disease

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JE3XpG

Axillary web syndrome following epidermal inclusion cyst: a case report and literature review

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JzZzvO

Permanent alopecia as a manifestation of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease of the scalp: clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological observations

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JDuOlH

A case of gamasoidosis caused by Dermanyssus gallinae, misdiagnosed as delusional parasitosis

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2Jv1Okd

An unusual eruption following herpes zoster infection

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y5AIef

Benefit of electron beam therapy in combination with medium‐dose systemic corticosteroid as a palliative treatment for elderly patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: case report and review of the literature

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JzZd8s

Dermoscopic patterns of early‐stage mycosis fungoides in a Chinese population

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y4pDKn

Treatment of halo naevus with the topical Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib 1.5%

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2Mivxui

Why a randomized melanoma screening trial is not a good idea

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JJ8YR8

T helper 17 cell/regulatory T‐cell imbalance in hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa: the link to hair follicle dissection, obesity, smoking and autoimmune comorbidities

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2HIbr9A

New additions to the bookshelf: Vulval Disease

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JJ8HxA

Erythropoietic protoporphyria and solar urticarial

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2LMLYyf

Diagnostic accuracy of dermatofluoroscopy in cutaneous melanoma detection: results of a prospective multicentre clinical study in 476 pigmented lesions

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JRROkB

Widespread regular sunscreen application deemed not useful in the U.S.A.: reply from authors

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2HHoOqr

Widespread regular sunscreen application deemed not useful in the U.S.A.

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JRRC4R

Why a randomized melanoma screening trial is not a good idea

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JJ8YR8

T helper 17 cell/regulatory T‐cell imbalance in hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa: the link to hair follicle dissection, obesity, smoking and autoimmune comorbidities

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2HIbr9A

New additions to the bookshelf: Vulval Disease

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JJ8HxA

Erythropoietic protoporphyria and solar urticarial

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2LMLYyf

Diagnostic accuracy of dermatofluoroscopy in cutaneous melanoma detection: results of a prospective multicentre clinical study in 476 pigmented lesions

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JRROkB

Widespread regular sunscreen application deemed not useful in the U.S.A.: reply from authors

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2HHoOqr

Widespread regular sunscreen application deemed not useful in the U.S.A.

British Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JRRC4R

Lymph flow guided irradiation of regional lymph nodes in patients with cervical cancer: Preliminary analysis of scintigraphic data

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy
Author(s): Sergey Nikolaevich Novikov, Pavel Ivanovich Krzhivitskii, Sergey Vasilevich Kanaev, Igor Viktorovitch Berlev, Margarita Viktorovna Kargopolova, Zaur Ibragimov, Mikhail Bisyarin, Valentina Vladimirovna Saveleva
PurposeTo evaluate patterns of lymph flow from primary lesions in patients with cervical cancer and to determine how useful for radiotherapy planning this information can be.Materials and methodsSPECT–CT visualization of sentinel (SLN) lymph nodes (LNs) was performed in 36 primary patients with IB-IIB cervical cancer. The acquisition started 120–240min after 4 peritumoral injections of 99mTc-radiocolloids (150–300MBq in 0.4–1ml). We determined localization of LN with uptake of radiocolloids, type of lymph flow (mono-, bi-lateral) and lymph flow patterns (supraureteral paracervical, infraureteral paracervical and directly to para-aortic LNs).ResultsSLNs were visualized in 31 of 36 women. Bilateral lymph-flow was detected in 22 (71%), monolateral – in the other 9 (29%) cases. The distribution of SLNs was as follows: external iliac – 64.5%, internal iliac – 54.8%, obturator – 32.2%, common iliac – 35.5% and pre-sacral 3.2%. Para-aortic LNs were visualized in 5 (16.1%) patients. The supraureteral paracervical pattern of lymph flow was identified in 22, infraureteral paracervical – in 4 and their combination – in the other 5 women.ConclusionVisualization of an individual pattern of lymph flow from primary cervical cancer can be considered as a promising tool for optimization of the volume of irradiated regional LNs.



https://ift.tt/2LMRGQG

Issue Information

Dermatologic Therapy, Volume 31, Issue 3, May/June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2LHMk94

Natural history of Rathke's cleft cysts: A retrospective analysis of a two centres experience

Clinical Endocrinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t37oiv

Assessment of vertebral microarchitecture in overt and mild Cushing's syndrome using trabecular bone score

Clinical Endocrinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2Mko1zi

Should all patients with adrenal insufficiency or a subgroup of patients with prediabetes be treated with dual‐release hydrocortisone?

Clinical Endocrinology, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2JH2DCq

Issue Information

Dermatologic Therapy, Volume 31, Issue 3, May/June 2018.


https://ift.tt/2LHMk94

Sensitization to various minor house dust mite allergens is greater in patients with atopic dermatitis than in those with respiratory allergic disease

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l2NqB8

Insights in particulate matter‐induced allergic airway inflammation: Focus on the epithelium

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y3QTZh

Subcutaneous immunotherapy suppresses Th2 inflammation and induces neutralizing antibodies, but sublingual immunotherapy suppresses airway hyperresponsiveness in grass pollen mouse models for allergic asthma

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l6CPFj

Phase 2a, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicentre, parallel‐group study of an H4R‐antagonist (JNJ‐39758979) in adults with uncontrolled asthma

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2y3QLsL

IgE sensitization to food allergens and airborne allergens in relation to biomarkers of type 2 inflammation in asthma

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2l745Ue

Sputum‐to‐serum hydrogen sulphide ratio as a novel biomarker of predicting future risks of asthma exacerbation

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, EarlyView.


https://ift.tt/2t0b3On

The roles for innate lymphoid cells in the human immune system

Abstract

From constituting a novel and obscure cell population, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are now accepted as a self-evident part of the immune system, contributing with unique and complementary functions to immunity by production of effector cytokines and interaction with other cell types. In this review, we discuss the redundant and complementary roles of the highly plastic human ILCs and their interaction with other immune cells with the ultimate aim of placing ILCs in a wider context within the human immune system.

https://ift.tt/2sTLHCk

Processes structuring amphibian assemblages along a subtropical arid gradient

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Acta Oecologica, Volume 91
Author(s): Daniel Escoriza
Biotic assemblages are organized according to multiple factors, including environmental filtering and species interactions. However, the roles of abiotic and biotic factors in the organization of amphibian assemblages in arid regions are still not completely understood. Here, I examined the distribution patterns of seven species of amphibians that occur in Tunisia (north-western Sahara Desert) and the composition of 328 amphibian assemblages, including their meta-structural organization. The species showed different responses to environmental gradients, predominantly the aridity and vegetation gradients. The assemblages in xeric regions were composed of nested subsets of the species present in mesic regions. Most of the significant species associations were explained by shared environmental responses, indicating that they can be largely attributed to environmental filtering. The only exception was between two species of generalist bufonids, Bufotes boulengeri and Sclerophrys mauritanica, which showed a residual correlation greater than their shared association with the gradient. In this case, phylogenetic and morphological similarities could favour patterns of mutual exclusion in habitats such as desert oases, where the resources are limited.



https://ift.tt/2LM1SbN

Phylogenetic structure of communities between temperate and tropical regions: Exploring patterns through literature datasets

Publication date: August 2018
Source:Acta Oecologica, Volume 91
Author(s): Clarissa Araujo Martins, Maurício Silveira, Victor S. Saito, Raul Costa-Pereira, Larissa Sayuri Moreira Sugai, Olivier Pays, Fabio de Oliveira Roque
Latitudinal patterns of diversity are one of the most striking large-scale biological phenomena and several hypotheses have been proposed to explain them. Using data from literature-surveys we investigated how phylogenetic patterns in microorganisms, plants, and, metazoans communities differ between the tropical and temperate regions and then explored possible ecological and evolutionary process that could shape such patterns. Using the Net Relatedness Index, we analyzed data from 1486 biological communities, collected in 32 articles that considered the phylogenetic structure of biological communities. We found a pattern of phylogenetic clustering in both regions for microorganisms, while for plants we found phylogenetic clustering in temperate regions and phylogenetic overdispersion in the tropics. We did not detect a clear pattern of clustering or overdispersion in tropical or temperate regions in metazoans. From these patterns we explore different ecological and evolutionary processes that have shaped these communities over space and time.



https://ift.tt/2JyHi24

Wet and wounded: Pediatric facial trauma from swimming and diving

Publication date: August 2018
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 111
Author(s): Nicholas P. Guys, Ahsan Mir, Peter F. Svider, Anthony Sheyn
ObjectivesSwimming has been reported as the most common recreational activity among American youths, while diving remains a popular youth activity as well. We characterize the most common facial injuries occurring during these activities and evaluate facial fracture mechanisms and demographic trends, as this information may be helpful in preventative counseling as well as diagnosis.MethodsThe National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was assessed for swimming- and diving-related facial injuries in children from 2007 to 2016. Estimates of national injury incidence were recorded, and patient diagnoses, demographics, and injury mechanisms were evaluated.ResultsIn the 10-year period assessed, 789 NEISS entries extrapolated to an estimated 27,709 patients nationwide were analyzed. The yearly incidence fluctuated but steadily rose from 2013 to 2016. Males comprised a majority of injuries (58%), and laceration was the most common diagnosis (65%), followed by abrasion/contusion (22%) and fracture (9%). Facial fractures were most likely to involve the nasal bones (87%). Swimming injuries were more numerous overall (74%), but a greater proportion of diving injuries resulted in fracture (12% vs. 7%). Teenagers were also more likely to suffer fractures than were younger children involved in the same activities.ConclusionMost analyses of swimming and diving injuries have focused on spinal and orthopedic trauma. Nevertheless, the nature of headfirst diving and swim strokes suggest facial trauma is an underappreciated concern for clinicians. These findings reinforce the need for safer swimming and diving practices and serve as a useful resource for physicians managing pediatric facial injuries.



https://ift.tt/2HF3uBX

Transnasal adenoidectomy in mucopolysaccharidosis

Publication date: August 2018
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 111
Author(s): Rebecca Harrison, Simone Schaefer, Laura Warner, Jean Mercer, Simon Jones, Iain Bruce
BackgroundMucopolysaccharide (MPS) diseases are a heterogeneous group of inherited, metabolic disorders characterized by accumulation of partially degraded glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in multiple organ systems. Due to accumulation in the airway, patients often present with multilevel airway obstruction and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Adenotonsillar surgery leads to a significant improvement in the severity of OSA in MPS patients. However, access to secure the airway and for conventional surgery can be challenging, due to limited neck extension, macroglossia and reduced mouth opening. This study was undertaken to evaluate the role of transnasal microdebridement and radiofrequent plasma ablation (Coblation) in adenoidectomy to treat OSA in patients with MPS and restricted airway access.MethodsA retrospective case review was performed including patients with MPS undergoing adenoidectomy for OSA in the period between June 2015 and March 2017. In all cases, either a microdebrider (Gyrus Diablo) or a Coblation wand (EVAC70, Smith&Nephew) was used via a transnasal approach guided by nasendoscopy. The primary outcome was effect upon OSA, measured by sleep oximetry and parental report of benefit. The secondary outcomes were surgical complications and risk factors for persistent OSA after surgery.ResultsA total of nine patients were identified with a mean age of 9 years (range 3–14 years) at surgery. Post-operative sleep study data was available for eight patients (8/9). Six patients (6/8) had improvement in 4% oxygen desaturation index (ODI-4) with a mean of 8.11 pre-operatively (range 2.69–14.0) and 4.99 postoperatively (range 0.68–8.48). ODI-4 did not improve in two (2/8) patients. Irrespective of sleep oximetry results, improvement in OSA-related symptoms was noted by all parents postoperatively. No risk factors for persistent OSA were identified. Furthermore, no complications were noted in this cohort.ConclusionTransnasal Coblation and Microdebrider adenoidectomy is a safe and effective surgical treatment for OSA in patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis and adenoidal hypertrophy. As lifespan increases for patients with the Mucopolysaccharidoses, greater emphasis is being given to optimising airway management over the longer-term. This technical note describes the novel application of endoscopic techniques for the management of primary adenoidal hypertrophy when transoral access is restricted, or to debulk recurrent disease that would be challenging to remove via the standard transoral route.



https://ift.tt/2JMP0EZ

Lentigo Maligna – Not Always a Face and Neck Disease of the Elderly

Introduction: Lentigo maligna (LM) is a rare form of in situ melanoma, frequently seen as a large patch in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to assess clinical and dermoscopic features of LM. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of LM patients presenting to our center between July 2007 and July 2017 was performed. Demographic data, anatomical location, laterality, diameter, Clark level, Breslow stage, "ABCD" signs and dermoscopic features were registered. Facial versus extrafacial LM were compared. Results: We found 21 LM, of which 12 had an extrafacial location and 9 a facial location. Half of the extrafacial lesions were located on an upper limb. The median age at diagnosis was 63 years (ranging from 38 to 84 years). Most LM cases were female (16/21) with phototype II (13/21). More than half of the patients (11/21) had a history of a skin neoplasm or actinic keratosis. The median diameter found was 6 mm (interquartile range = 4.5 mm), ranging from 1 to 15 mm. Five lesions were invasive (median Breslow depth of 0.2 mm), and 4 of them were extrafacial. Discussion: In this study LM was more frequently found in an extrafacial location and as a small patch with a 6-mm diameter medium. The epidemiology of LM/LM melanoma might be changing. Full body examination and dermoscopy are of the utmost importance for the diagnosis. Dermatologists should be aware and search for small lesions outside the face and neck, particularly in middle-aged female patients with photo-damaged skin.
Dermatology

https://ift.tt/2LJaSys

Margin-Based Vs. Robust Photon Radiotherapy Planning in IMRT of HN-SQCC

Condition:   Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Interventions:   Other: Robust Radiotherapy planning;   Other: Margin-Based Radiotherapy planning
Sponsor:   University of Arkansas
Not yet recruiting

https://ift.tt/2Jv9qDb

QUILT-2.025 NANT Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine (YE-NEO-001): Adjuvant Immunotherapy Using a Personalized Neoepitope Yeast-Based Vaccine To Induce T-Cell Responses In Subjects W/ Previously Treated Cancers.

Conditions:   Colorectal Cancer;   Triple Negative Breast Cancer;   Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma;   Melanoma;   Non Small Cell Lung Cancer;   Pancreatic Cancer;   Liver Cancer;   Hormone Receptor Positive Tumor
Intervention:   Biological: YE-NEO-001
Sponsor:   NantBioScience, Inc.
Not yet recruiting

https://ift.tt/2HFveWV

Margin-Based Vs. Robust Photon Radiotherapy Planning in IMRT of HN-SQCC

Condition:   Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Interventions:   Other: Robust Radiotherapy planning;   Other: Margin-Based Radiotherapy planning
Sponsor:   University of Arkansas
Not yet recruiting

https://ift.tt/2Jv9qDb

QUILT-2.025 NANT Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine (YE-NEO-001): Adjuvant Immunotherapy Using a Personalized Neoepitope Yeast-Based Vaccine To Induce T-Cell Responses In Subjects W/ Previously Treated Cancers.

Conditions:   Colorectal Cancer;   Triple Negative Breast Cancer;   Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma;   Melanoma;   Non Small Cell Lung Cancer;   Pancreatic Cancer;   Liver Cancer;   Hormone Receptor Positive Tumor
Intervention:   Biological: YE-NEO-001
Sponsor:   NantBioScience, Inc.
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Stitch guide technique for bicanalicular nasal intubation in single canalicular laceration reconstruction

Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018
Source:The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
Author(s): Ming-Jer Tsai, I-Wen Lin, Su-Shin Lee, Chung-Sheng Lai
Various surgical techniques for canalicular laceration reconstruction have been described in previous study. But there are still two difficult points which may take time in the operation even with the assistance of magnification. We present a simple and effective way to achieve the bicanalicular nasal intubation for the single canalicular laceration. From Jan 2005 to Dec 2015, 20 patients (21 eyes) with upper or lower canalicular laceration were treated with the Crawford lacrimal intubation set by this stitch guide method. We used the eye pigtail probe and the steel probe of the intubation set to dispose a 4-0 Nylon suture as a guide to pull down the silicone tube to the nostril. The functional and anatomic success rates in the 20 eyes are 90% (18/20) and 85% (17/20) respectively. The average time for bicanalicular nasal intubation by this method is 6.87 ± 1.83 min. The result of stitch guide technique to achieve bicanalicular nasal intubation in single canalicular laceration reconstruction is almost the same as the traditional method. Our anatomic and functional success rates are 85% and 90% respectively which are comparable to the previous studies. But this new method takes less time to complete the intubation with little variation. The magnification with microscopy could be omitted and no new instrument is needed. The stitch guide technique for bicanalicular nasal intubation with Crawford intubation system is a reliable and easy way to perform in single canalicular laceration reconstruction.



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Reduced exosome miR-425 and miR-744 in the plasma represents the progression of fibrosis and heart failure

Publication date: Available online 11 June 2018
Source:The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
Author(s): Lu Wang, Jiao Liu, Bin Xu, Yu-Lan Liu, Zhou Liu
Heart failure creates a leading public health burden worldwide and cardiac fibrosis is a hallmark of pathological cardiac remodeling which was found in HF patients. In this study, we detected the expression of 9 candidate miRNAs in the plasma exosome samples from 31 HF patients, and found the level of miR-21, miR-425 and miR-744 was altered. The downregulation of miR-425 and miR-744 was also found in angiotensin II treated cardiac fibroblasts. Through functional study, we identified that the reduction of miR-425 and miR-744 relates to overexpression of collagen 1 and α-SMA, which result in fibrogenesis of cardiac fibroblasts. Conversely, overexpression of miR-425 or miR-744 in cultured cardiac fibroblasts significantly abrogates angiotensin induced collagen formation and fibrogenesis. Finally, we confirmed that TGFβ1 is a direct target of miR-425 and miR-744 by dual luciferase assay and immunoblotting. Our data demonstrate that miR-425 and miR-744 function as negative regulators of cardiac fibrosis by suppression TGFβ1 expression, and miR-425 and miR-744 level in the plasma exosomes has the potential to be a biomarker to predict cardiac fibrosis and heart failure.



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Did AFP-L3 save ultrasonography in community screening?

Publication date: Available online 11 June 2018
Source:The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
Author(s): Chih-Wei Yen, Yuan-Hung Kuo, Jing-Houng Wang, Kuo-Chin Chang, Kwong-Ming Kee, Shu-Feng Hung, Yi Chen, Lin-San Tsai, Shu-Chuan Chen, Chao-Hung Hung, Sheng-Nan Lu
In the community screening, those subjects with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) required further abdomen ultrasonography (US) to detect hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, some chronic hepatitis patients might have elevated AFP. AFP-L3, has been proposed to differentiate HCC and hepatitis in elevated AFP cases in Japan for decades, but the utility is limited outside Japan. We conducted this study to elucidate the role of AFP-L3 in the community and the possibility of saving unnecessary US. A total of 56,702 subjects underwent a large-scale healthcare screening in Tainan county in 2004. Among them, 286 residents with AFP more than 20 ng/ml further received US and 169 (59%) had stored baseline sera were enrolled into this study in 2013. Their AFP and AFP-L3 levels were further detected. HCC patients were initially identified through US and personal history. Among 169 studied sera, only 148 (87.6%) samples still had AFP level more than 20 ng/ml after a 10-years frozen period. The decrease of AFP level was significant (481.3 ± 2093.8 ng/ml and 456.1 ± 2095.3 ng/ml in paired-T test, p < 0.001). Focusing on these 148 cases, 23 (15.5%) HCC cases were diagnosed at the baseline screening. There was no difference of AFP-L3 level between HCC and non-HCC cases. Using AFP-L3 to predict HCC, the area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was as low as 52%, p = 0.757. Too long frozen period might lower the quality of stored sera. Additionally, AFP-L3 might not provide more information for HCC identification to save advanced US examinations in the community screening.



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