Head and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis: 01/12/16

Τρίτη 12 Ιανουαρίου 2016

Viruses, Vol. 8, Pages 20: Features of the Antitumor Effect of Vaccinia Virus Lister Strain

Oncolytic abilities of vaccinia virus (VACV) served as a basis for the development of various recombinants for treating cancer; however, "natural" oncolytic properties of the virus are not examined in detail. Our study was conducted to know how the genetically unmodified L-IVP strain of VACV produces its antitumor effect. Human A431 carcinoma xenografts in nude mice and murine Ehrlich carcinoma in C57Bl mice were used as targets for VACV, which was injected intratumorally. A set of virological methods, immunohistochemistry, light and electron microscopy was used in the study. We found that in mice bearing A431 carcinoma, the L-IVP strain was observed in visceral organs within two weeks, but rapidly disappeared from the blood. The L-IVP strain caused decrease of sizes in both tumors, however, in different ways. Direct cell destruction by replicating virus plays a main role in regression of A431 carcinoma xenografts, while in Ehrlich carcinoma, which poorly supported VACV replication, the virus induced decrease of mitoses by pushing tumor cells into S-phase of cell cycle. Our study showed that genetically unmodified VACV possesses at least two mechanisms of antitumor effect: direct destruction of tumor cells and suppression of mitoses in tumor cells.

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Improved Mitochondrial and Methylglyoxal-Related Metabolisms Support Hyperproliferation Induced by 50 Hz Magnet ic Field in Neuroblastoma Cells

Abstract

Extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) are common environmental agents that are suspected to promote later stages of tumorigenesis, especially in brain-derived malignancies. Even though ELF magnetic fields have been previously linked to increased proliferation in neuroblastoma cells, no previous work has studied whether ELF-MF exposure may change key biomolecular features, such as anti-glycative defence and energy re-programming, both of which are currently considered as crucial factors involved in the phenotype and progression of many malignancies.

Our study investigated whether the hyperproliferation that is induced in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells by a 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF magnetic field is supported by an improved defense towards methylglyoxal (MG), which is an endogenous cancer-static and glycating α-oxoaldehyde, and by rewiring of energy metabolism.

Our findings show that not only the ELF magnetic field interfered with the biology of neuron-derived malignant cells, by de-differentiating further the cellular phenotype and by increasing the proliferative activity, but also triggered cytoprotective mechanisms through the enhancement of the defense against MG, along with a more efficient management of metabolic energy, presumably to support the rapid cell outgrowth. Intriguingly, we also revealed that the MF-induced bioeffects took place after an initial imbalance of the cellular homeostasis, which most likely created a transient unstable milieu. The biochemical pathways and molecular targets revealed in this research could be exploited for future approaches aimed at limiting or suppressing the deleterious effects of ELF magnetic fields. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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The relationship between EMT, CD44high/EGFRlow phenotype, and treatment response in head and neck cancer cell lines

Background

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors are often therapy resistant and may originate from cancer stem cells or tumor cells with an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. The aim of this study was to characterize HNSCC cell lines with regard to EMT profile and to investigate the influence of EMT on the response to treatment.

Methods

mRNA expression of the EMT-associated genes CDH1 (E-cadherin), CDH2 (N-cadherin), FOXC2, TWIST1, VIM (vimentin), and FN1 (fibronectin) was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Cell morphology and migration were investigated by phase-contrast microscopy and Boyden chamber assay, respectively. The cell surface expression of CD44 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was examined by flow cytometry. The response to radiotherapy, cetuximab, and dasatinib was assessed by crystal violet staining.

Results

A total of 25 cell lines investigated differed greatly with regard to EMT phenotype. Cell lines with an EMT expression profile showed a mesenchymal morphology and a high migratory capacity. In addition, they exhibited a high cell surface expression of CD44 and a low expression of EGFR, a pattern previously associated with stemness. When the EMT inducer transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was added to non-EMT cells, changes in treatment responses were observed. Moreover, the expression of TWIST1 was found to correlate with radioresistance.

Conclusions

The data presented in this report suggest that EMT is associated with a CD44high/EGFRlow phenotype and possibly negative impact on radiotherapy response in HNSCC cell lines.

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Interaction of stromal and microvascular components in keratocystic odontogenic tumors

Objective

Little is known about the interaction of stromal components in odontogenic tumors. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate mast cells (MCs), myofibroblasts, macrophages, and their possible association with angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs).

Material and Methods

Thirty cases of KCOTs were included and analyzed by immunohistochemistry for mast cell tryptase, α-SMA, CD34, CD163, and D240. For comparative purpose, 15 radicular cysts (CRs) and 7 pericoronal follicles (PFs) were included.

Results

There was an increase in MCs for RCs and this difference was significant when they were compared to KCOTS and PFs. A significant increase in the density of MFs was observed for KCOTs when compared to RCs and PFs (P = 0.00). No significant difference in CD163-positive macrophages (P = 0.084) and CD34-positive vessels (P = 0.244) densities was observed between KCOTs, RCs, and PFs, although KCOTs showed a higher density of all proteins. Significant difference in lymphatic vessel density was observed for KCOTs when compared to RCs and PFs (P = 0.00). Positive correlation was observed between mast cell tryptase and CD34 in KCOTs (P = 0.025).

Conclusions

A significant interaction between the MC population and CD34-positive vessels in KCOTs supported the hypothesis that MCs and blood vessels contribute to the stromal scaffold of KCOT.

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Viruses, Vol. 8, Pages 18: Defining the Enterovirus Diversity Landscape of a Fecal Sample: A Methodological Challenge?

Enteroviruses are a group of over 250 naked icosahedral virus serotypes that have been associated with clinical conditions that range from intrauterine enterovirus transmission withfataloutcome through encephalitis and meningitis, to paralysis. Classically, enterovirus detection was done by assaying for the development of the classic enterovirus-specific cytopathic effect in cell culture. Subsequently, the isolates were historically identified by a neutralization assay. More recently, identification has been done by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, in recent times, there is a move towards direct detection and identification of enteroviruses from clinical samples using the cell culture-independent RT semi-nested PCR (RT-snPCR) assay. This RT-snPCR procedure amplifies the VP1 gene, which is then sequenced and used for identification. However, while cell culture-based strategies tend to show a preponderance of certain enterovirus species depending on the cell lines included in the isolation protocol, the RT-snPCR strategies tilt in a different direction. Consequently, it is becoming apparent that the diversity observed in certain enterovirus species, e.g., enterovirus species B(EV-B), might not be because they are the most evolutionarily successful. Rather, it might stem from cell line-specific bias accumulated over several years of use of the cell culture-dependent isolation protocols. Furthermore, it might also be a reflection of the impact of the relative genome concentration on the result of pan-enterovirus VP1 RT-snPCR screens used during the identification of cell culture isolates. This review highlights the impact of these two processes on the current diversity landscape of enteroviruses and the need to re-assess enterovirus detection and identification algorithms in a bid to better balance our understanding of the enterovirus diversity landscape.

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A 5-year comparison of emergency department visits by homeless and non-homeless patients

Publication date: Available online 11 January 2016
Source:The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Author(s): Allison Tadros, Shelley M. Layman, Marissa Pantaleone Brewer, Stephen M. Davis
BackgroundA 2005 study examined Emergency Department (ED) utilization by homeless patients in the United States. Within the following five years, unemployment increased by 5%.ObjectiveTo analyze changes in ED utilization between 2005 and 2010 by homeless patients and compare to non-homeless visits.MethodsData from the 2010 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey was evaluated.ResultsApproximately 679,854 visits were made by homeless patients, the majority of which were made by males (72.3%) and patients between the ages of 45–64 (50.5%). Homeless patients were twice as likely to be uninsured. ED visits by homeless patients had increased by 44% during the 5year period. Arrival to the ED by ambulance increased by 14% between the study years and homeless patients were less likely to be admitted.ConclusionThe number of visits by homeless patients in the ED increased proportionally to an overall increase in ED visits between 2005 and 2010.

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Melatonin’s protective effect on the salivary gland against ionized radiation damage in rats

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of melatonin on ionized radiation-induced salivary gland damage using an experimental model.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-two rats were randomized into four groups: (i) the control group (C, n = 8) that received intraperitoneal (i.p.) 0.9% NaCl; (ii) the melatonin group (M, n = 8) that received i.p. 5 mg/kg melatonin; (iii) the radiotherapy group (RT, n = 8) that underwent irradiation; (iv) the melatonin plus radiotherapy group (M+RT, n = 8) that received i.p. 5 mg/kg of melatonin, followed by irradiation 30 min later; and (v) the radiotherapy plus melatonin group (RT+M, n = 8) that received irradiation followed by i.p. 5 mg/kg of melatonin 30 min later. The medications and irradiation were administered for 5 days and the salivary glands of the rats were excised 10 days later; the histopathological changes in the salivary glands were assessed and biochemical analyses were conducted (tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI)).

Results

Regardless of whether melatonin was administered before or after radiotherapy, melatonin decreased the radiation-induced parotid and submandibular histological damage. In addition, regardless of whether administration occurred before or after radiotherapy, melatonin decreased oxidative stress markers, such as MDA, TOS, and OSI. On the contrary, levels of antioxidative markers, such as CAT and GPx, were increased by melatonin.

Conclusions

Melatonin may have a significant protective effect on salivary gland damage secondary to ionizing radiation.

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ECM-Dependence of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Features

Abstract

Preserving self-renewal, multipotent capacity and large-scale expansion of highly functional progenitor cells, including endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), is a controversial issue. These current limitations, therefore, raise the need of developing promising in vitro conditions for prolonged expansion of EPCs without loss of their stemness feature. In the current study, the possible role of three different natural extracellular substrates, including collagen, gelatin, and fibronectin, on multiple parameters of EPCs such as cell morphology, phenotype, clonogenic and vasculogenic properties was scrutinized. Next, EPCs from GFP-positive mice were pre-expanded on each of these ECM substrates and then systemically transplanted into sublethaly irradiated mice to analyze the potency of these cells for marrow reconstitution. Our results revealed considerable promise for fibronectin for EPC expansion with maintenance of stemness characteristics, whereas gelatin and collagen matrices directed the cells toward a mature endothelial phenotype. Transplantation of EPCs pre-expanded on fibronectin resulted in widespread distribution and appropriate engraftment to various tissues with habitation in close association with the microvasculature. In addition, fibronectin pre-expanded cells were gradually enriched in the bone marrow after transplantation, resulting in marrow repopulation and hematologic recovery, leading to improved survival of recipient mice whereas gelatin- and collagen-expanded cells failed to reconstitute the bone marrow. This study demonstrated that cell characteristics of in vitro expanded EPCs are determined by the subjacent matrix. Fibronectin-expanded EPCs are heralded as a source of great promise for bone marrow reconstitution and neo-angiogenesis in therapeutic bone marrow transplantation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Possible Involvement of the Inhibition of NF-kβ Factor in Anti-Inflammatory Actions that Melatonin Exerts on Mast Cells

ABSTRACT

Melatonin is a molecule endogenously produced in a wide variety of immune cells, including mast cells (RBL-2H3). It exhibits immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. The physiologic mechanisms underlying these activities of melatonin have not been clarified in mast cells. This work is designed to determine the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of action of melatonin on activated mast cells. RBL-2H3 were pre-treated with exogenous melatonin (MELx) at physiological (100nM) and pharmacological (1mM) doses for 30 min, washed and activated with PMACI (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187) for 2h and 12h. The data shows that pre-treatment of MELx in stimulated mast cells, significantly reduced the levels of endogenous melatonin production (MELn), TNF-alpha and IL-6. These effects are directly related with the MELx concentration used. MELx also inhibited IKK/NF-kB signal transduction pathway in stimulated mast cells. These results indicate a molecular basis for the ability of melatonin to prevent inflammation and for the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases through the down-regulation of mast cell activation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Coptis chinensis inflorescence ameliorates hyperglycaemia in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Publication date: March 2016
Source:Journal of Functional Foods, Volume 21
Author(s): Bingxin Ma, Jing Tong, Gao Zhou, Qigui Mo, Jingsheng He, Youwei Wang
Coptis chinensis inflorescence is rich in isoquinoline alkaloids, especially berberine; these alkaloids comprise a chemical group with anti-hyperglycaemic effect. This study mainly investigated the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of C. chinensis inflorescence extract (CE). The effect of CE was similar to that of acarbose. Results of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte assay showed that CE can increase glucose consumption. In addition, CE and its main alkaloids (jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, and berberine) were used to ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Anti-hyperglycaemic activity was realised by reducing the blood glucose level and increasing the insulin content. Furthermore, CE and its main alkaloids can relieve liver injury and lipid metabolic disturbance. Therefore, CE exerts anti-hyperglycaemic activity, and alkaloids may be an active compound group. Overall, the results provide scientific foundation for C. chinensis inflorescence as functional food to ameliorate hyperglycaemia.

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CC chemokine ligand 18(CCL18) promotes migration and invasion of lung cancer cells by binding to Nir1 through Nir1-ELMO1/DOC180 signaling pathway

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises nearly 80% of lung cancers and the poor prognosis is due to its high invasiveness and metastasis. CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) is predominantly secreted by M2-tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and promotes malignant behaviors of various human cancer types. In this study, we report that the high expression of CCL18 in TAMs of NSCLC tissues and increased expression of CCL18 in TAMs is correlated with the lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis NSCLC patients. CCL18 can increase the invasive ability of NSCLC cells by binding to its receptor Nir1. In addition, CCL18 is capable of modulating cell migration and invasion by regulating the activation of RAC1 which resulted in cytoskeleton reorganization in an ELMO1 dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that CCL18 could enhance adhesion of NSCLC cells via activating ELMO1-integrin β1 signaling. Thus, CCL18 and its downstream molecules may be used as targets to develop novel NSCLC therapy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Targeting c-MET by LY2801653 for treatment of cholangiocarcinoma

Palliative treatment options for human cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) are quite limited and new therapeutic strategies are of utmost need. c-MET has been shown to be deregulated in many cancers, but the role of c-MET in the carcinogenesis of CCC remains unclear. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression and also to investigate the role of c-MET and its effective inhibition for the treatment of CCC. In this study we investigated the effects of LY2801653, a small-molecule inhibitor with potent activity against MET kinase, in human CCC cell lines and in vivo using a xenograft mouse model. We have investigated the role of c-MET and its inhibitory effects on migration, invasion, colony formation, MET downstream targets, and CCC tumor growth. We also analyzed the role of apoptosis and senescence as well as the influence of hypoxia in this context. c-MET and p-MET were expressed in 72% and 12.5% of human CCC tissues and in TFK-1, SZ-1 cell lines. MET inhibition was achieved by blocking phosphorylation of MET with LY2801653 and subsequent down regulation of c-MET downstream targets. Treatment showed in a xenograft model potent anti-tumor activity. LY2801653 is an effective inhibitor and suppress the proliferation of CCC cells as well as the growth of xenograft tumors. Therefore, inhibition of c-MET could be a possible alternative approach for the treatment of human CCC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Integrated analysis of DNA methylation and mutations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

The recent development of next-generation sequencing technology for extensive mutation analysis, and beadarray technology for genome-wide DNA methylation analysis has made it possible to obtain integrated pictures of genetic and epigenetic alterations, using the same cancer samples. In this study, we aimed to characterize such a picture in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). Base substitutions of 55 cancer-related genes and copy number alterations (CNAs) of 28 cancer-related genes were analyzed by targeted sequencing. Forty-four of 57 ESCCs (77%) had 64 non-synonymous somatic mutations, and 24 ESCCs (42%) had 35 CNAs. A genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using an Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array showed that the CpG island methylator phenotype was unlikely to be present in ESCCs, a different situation from gastric and colon cancers. Regarding individual pathways affected in ESCCs, the WNT pathway was activated potentially by aberrant methylation of its negative regulators, such as SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP4, SFRP5, SOX17, and WIF1 (33%). The p53 pathway was inactivated by TP53 mutations (70%), and potentially by aberrant methylation of its downstream genes. The cell cycle was deregulated by mutations of CDKN2A (9%), deletions of CDKN2A and RB1 (32%), and by aberrant methylation of CDKN2A and CHFR (9%). In conclusion, ESCCs had unique methylation profiles different from gastric and colon cancers. The genes involved in the WNT pathway were affected mainly by epigenetic alterations, and those involved in the p53 pathway and cell cycle regulation were affected mainly by genetic alterations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Applying the COM-B behaviour model and behaviour change wheel to develop an intervention to improve hearing-aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation

10.3109/14992027.2015.1120894 Fiona Barker

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Understanding the psychosocial experiences of adults with mild-moderate hearing loss: An application of Leventhal’s self-regulatory model

10.3109/14992027.2015.1117663 Eithne Heffernan

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A demonstrated positive effect of a hearing conservation program in the Swedish armed forces

10.3109/14992027.2015.1117662 Per Muhr

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A demonstrated positive effect of a hearing conservation program in the Swedish armed forces

10.3109/14992027.2015.1117662 Per Muhr

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Understanding the psychosocial experiences of adults with mild-moderate hearing loss: An application of Leventhal’s self-regulatory model

10.3109/14992027.2015.1117663 Eithne Heffernan

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A demonstrated positive effect of a hearing conservation program in the Swedish armed forces

Applying the COM-B behaviour model and behaviour change wheel to develop an intervention to improve hearing-aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation

10.3109/14992027.2015.1120894 Fiona Barker

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Understanding the psychosocial experiences of adults with mild-moderate hearing loss: An application of Leventhal’s self-regulatory model

Applying the COM-B behaviour model and behaviour change wheel to develop an intervention to improve hearing-aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation

Apical debris extrusion associated with oval shaped canals: a comparative study of WaveOne vs Self-Adjusting File

Abstract

Objectives

The aim was to evaluate ex vivo apical debris extrusion associated with WaveOne and Self-Adjusting File instruments when used in oval canals.

Methods

Twenty-four extracted human mandibular premolars with oval-shaped canals were assigned in two equal groups. Following coronal cavity preparation, a glide path was created. Group A was subjected to canal preparation using a WaveOne primary file, which was used along with syringe and needle irrigation and 10 mL of 2.4 % NaOCl solution, followed by flushing with 10 mL of 17 % EDTA solution, activation with EndoActivator for 1 min and final flushing with 10 mL of 2.4 % NaOCl solution, and activation for 30 s. Group B, the SAF system was used with continuous simultaneous irrigation, provided by the system's pump. The irrigant was supplied at 5 mL/min, alternating every minute between 2.4 % NaOCl solution and 17 % EDTA solution, over a total of 4 min followed by final flushing with 10 mL of 2.4 % NaOCl solution. Extruded apical debris from each root canal was collected into a preweighed glass vial and dried. The mean weight of the debris from each group was assessed and analyzed statistically. Both systems resulted in apical debris extrusion.

Results

The WaveOne system was associated with a statistically significant greater mean mass of apically extruded debris (2.18 ± 0.44 mg) than the SAF system (0.49 ± 0.33 mg, permutation-based Wilcoxon test, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Both WaveOne and the SAF systems were associated with apical debris extrusion. The amount of debris extruded by the WaveOne system was 4.4 times greater than that extruded by the SAF system.

Clinical relevance

The results of the present ex vivo comparative study cannot be directly applied to the clinical situation. Difference between both groups remains completely unclear; maybe the amount of extrusion is harmless in both groups or similarly deleterious for the periradicular tissues in both groups or may be dose-related to the amount of the extruded material.

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In-vitro activity of sodium-hypochlorite gel on bacteria associated with periodontitis

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of a sodium hypochlorite formulation including its components against bacteria associated with periodontal disease.

Materials and methods

Sodium hypochlorite formulation (NaOCl gel), its components sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and the activating vehicle were compared with 0.1 % chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) solution. The antimicrobial activity was proven by determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentrations, and killing assays. Furthermore, the influence on formation as well as on a 4-day-old 6-species biofilm was tested.

Results

Except for one strain (Parvimonas micra ATCC 33270 in case of NaOCl gel), the MICs both of the CHX solution and NaOCl gel did not exceed 10 % of the formulations' concentration. In general, MICs of the NaOCl gel were equal as of the CHX solution against Gram-negatives but higher against Gram-positive bacteria. CHX but not NaOCl gel clearly inhibited biofilm formation; however, the activity of NaOCl gel was more remarkable on a 4-day-old biofilm. NaOCl killed bacteria in the biofilm and interfered with the matrix.

Conclusions

The NaOCl gel acts antimicrobial in particular against Gram-negative species associated with periodontitis. Moreover, its component NaOCl hypochlorite is able to alter biofilm matrices.

Clinical relevance

The NaOCl gel may represent a potential alternative for adjunctive topical antimicrobial treatment in periodontitis.

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Effect of ozone to remineralize initial enamel caries: in situ study

Abstract

Objectives

Effect of ozonated water in remineralizing artificially created initial enamel caries was investigated using laser fluorescence and polarized light microscopy in an in situ study.

Materials and methods

Teeth specimens (buccal sections) were immersed in 5-ml solution of 2 mM CaCl2, 2 mM NaH2P04, and 50 mM CH3COOH at pH of 4.55 for 5 h in an incubator at 37° to create subsurface demineralization. After which, they were randomly allocated into one of the following remineralization regimens: ozone (ozonated water 0.1 mg/l and 10 % nano-hydroxyapatite paste, AclaimTM), without ozone (only 10 % nano-hydroxyapatite paste, AclaimTM), and control (subjects' saliva alone). Specimens were embedded in acrylic retainers worn by orthodontic patients throughout the 21-day study duration and constantly exposed to their saliva. Laser fluorescence was recorded for all the specimens at baseline, after demineralization, and remineralization using DIAGNOdent, and the results were validated using polarized microscopic examination. The results were analyzed using repeated measures, one-way ANOVA with post hoc multiple comparisons.

Results

Reduced DIAGNOdent scores and greater depth of remineralization following application of ozonated water and nano-hydroxyapatite were found compared to those of the without ozone and control groups (P < 0.001), and the ozone-treated group exhibited maximum remineralization under the polarized light microscopy.

Conclusion

Ozonated water can be considered an effective agent in reversing the initial enamel caries alongside with nano-hydroxyapatite compared to nano-hydroxyapatite alone and saliva.

Clinical relevance

Ozone water can be used to remineralize incipient carious lesions, and it enhances the remineralizing potential of nano-hydroxyapatite thereby preventing the tooth from entering into the repetitive restorative cycle.

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Endocrine, Vol. 51, Issue 1 - New Issue Alert

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New Issue Alert

01/12/2016

Dear Alexandros Sfakianakis,

We are pleased to deliver your requested table of contents alert for Endocrine. Volume 51 Number 1 is now available online.

In this issue

Editorial

Preoperative staging in childhood craniopharyngioma: standardization as a first step towards improved outcome

Hermann L. Müller

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Editorial

Periostin on the road to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Stergios A. Polyzos & Athanasios D. Anastasilakis

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Review

Role of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in health and disease

Pulak R. Manna, Cloyce L. Stetson, Andrzej T. Slominski & Kevin Pruitt

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Review

Sheehan's syndrome: new insights into an old disease

Halit Diri, Zuleyha Karaca, Fatih Tanriverdi, Kursad Unluhizarci & Fahrettin Kelestimur

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Mini Review

Particulate matter pollutants and risk of type 2 diabetes: a time for concern?

Katherine Esposito, Michela Petrizzo, Maria Ida Maiorino, Giuseppe Bellastella & Dario Giugliano

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View Point

Tackling inadequate vitamin D intakes within the population: fortification of dairy products with vitamin D may not be enough

Kevin D. Cashman & Mairead Kiely

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Endocrine Methods and Techniques

Determination of thiol/disulphide homeostasis in type 1 diabetes mellitus and the factors associated with thiol oxidation

Ihsan Ates, Mustafa Kaplan, Mahmut Yuksel, Duygu Mese, Murat Alisik, Özcan Erel, Nisbet Yilmaz & Serdar Guler

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Meta-Analysis

Associations between two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1801278 and rs2943641) of insulin receptor substrate 1 gene and type 2 diabetes susceptibility: a meta-analysis

Qiuyan Li, Yuandong Qiao, Chuntao Wang, Guangfa Zhang, Xuelong Zhang & Lidan Xu

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Original Article

Relation of thyroid hormone abnormalities with subclinical inflammatory activity in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Arnaldo Moura Neto, Maria Candida Ribeiro Parisi, Sarah Monte Alegre, Elizabeth Joao Pavin, Marcos Antonio Tambascia & Denise Engelbrecht Zantut-Wittmann

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Original Article

Subsequent mortality after hyperglycemic crisis episode in the non-elderly: a national population-based cohort study

Yuan Kao, Chien-Chin Hsu, Shih-Feng Weng, Hung-Jung Lin, Jhi-Joung Wang, Shih-Bin Su, Chien-Cheng Huang & How-Ran Guo

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Original Article

Health locus of control and cardiovascular risk factors in veterans with type 2 diabetes

Joni S. Williams, Cheryl P. Lynch, Delia Voronca & Leonard E. Egede

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Original Article

Serum periostin is a potential biomarker for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case–control study

Jin-Zhou Zhu, Hua-Tuo Zhu, Yi-Ning Dai, Chun-Xiao Li, Zhi-Yun Fang, De-Jian Zhao, Xing-Yong Wan, Yu-Ming Wang, Fang Wang, Chao-Hui Yu & You-Ming Li

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Original Article

The cAMP analogs have potent anti-proliferative effects on medullary thyroid cancer cell lines

Alessandra Dicitore, Elisa Stellaria Grassi, Michele Caraglia, Maria Orietta Borghi, Germano Gaudenzi, Leo J. Hofland, Luca Persani & Giovanni Vitale

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Original Article

γδ Τ cells enhance B cells for antibody production in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and retinoic acid induces apoptosis of the γδ Τ cell

Hongli Liu, Tingting Zheng, Yufei Mao, Chengcheng Xu, Fei Wu, Ling Bu, Xiao Mou, Yuepeng Zhou, Guoyue Yuan, Shengjun Wang, Tong Zhou, Deyu Chen & Chaoming Mao

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Original Article

Minimally invasive follicular carcinoma: predictors of vascular invasion and impact on patterns of care

Paolo Goffredo, Christa Jillard, Samantha Thomas, Randall P. Scheri, Julie Ann Sosa & Sanziana Roman

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Original Article

Clinical management of patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms associated with chronic atrophic gastritis: a retrospective, multicentre study

Davide Campana, Davide Ravizza, Piero Ferolla, Antongiulio Faggiano, Franco Grimaldi, Manuela Albertelli, Debora Berretti, Danilo Castellani, Giulia Cacciari, Nicola Fazio, Annamaria Colao, Diego Ferone & Paola Tomassetti

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Original Article

Quality of life in the patients with central diabetes insipidus assessed by Nagasaki Diabetes Insipidus Questionnaire

Aya Nozaki, Takao Ando, Satoru Akazawa, Tsuyoshi Satoh, Ikuko Sagara, Ichiro Horie, Misa Imaizumi, Toshiro Usa, Robert T. Yanagisawa & Atsushi Kawakami

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Original Article

Magnetic resonance imaging as predictor of functional outcome in craniopharyngiomas

Pietro Mortini, Filippo Gagliardi, Michele Bailo, Alfio Spina, Andrea Parlangeli, Andrea Falini & Marco Losa

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Original Article

Is prolactin the missing link in adipose tissue dysfunction of polycystic ovary syndrome patients?

Alice Albu, Suzana Florea & Simona Fica

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Original Article

Testosterone stimulates glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation through LKB1/AMPK signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Kazuteru Mitsuhashi, Takafumi Senmaru, Takuya Fukuda, Masahiro Yamazaki, Katsuhiko Shinomiya, Morio Ueno, Shigeru Kinoshita, Jo Kitawaki, Masato Katsuyama, Muneo Tsujikawa, Hiroshi Obayashi, Naoto Nakamura & Michiaki Fukui

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Research Letter

Patients with diabetes type 1 and thyroid autoimmunity have low prevalence of microangiopathic complications

Anita Rogowicz-Frontczak, Stanilaw Pilacinski, Anna Teresa Chwialkowska, Bogna Wierusz-Wysocka & Dorota Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz

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Clinical Management of Endocrine Diseases

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in lingual thyroid

Giacomo Sturniolo, Maria Antonia Violi, Bruno Galletti, Sergio Baldari, Alfredo Campennì, Francesco Vermiglio & Mariacarla Moleti

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Endocrine Imaging

Thyroid carcinoma detected by incidental ¹⁸F-FDG uptake in a patient with progressive cerebellar syndrome

Alexander Kroiss, Christian Uprimny & Irene Johanna Virgolini

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Mitochondrial DNA copy number in whole blood and glioma risk: A case control study

Alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number are observed in human gliomas. However, whether variations in mtDNA copy number in whole blood play any role in glioma carcinogenesis is still largely unknown. In current study with 395 glioma patients and 425 healthy controls, we intended to investigate the association between mtDNA copy number in whole blood and glioma risk. Overall, we found that levels of mtDNA copy number were significantly higher in glioma cases than healthy controls (mean: 1.48 vs. 1.32, P < 0.01). In both cases and controls, levels of mtDNA copy number were inversely correlated with age (P < 0.01, respectively). And in cases, newly diagnosed, glioblastoma (GBM), and high grade glioma patients had significantly lower mtDNA copy number than their counterparts (P = 0.02, P < 0.01, and P = 0.04, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, elevated mtDNA copy number levels were associated with a 1.63-fold increased risk of glioma (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23–2.14). In further quartile analysis, study subjects who had highest levels of mtNDA copy number had 1.75-fold increased risk of gliomas (adjOR = 1.75, 95%CI = 1.18–2.61). In brief, our findings support the role of mtDNA copy number in the glioma carcinogenesis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Interaction of stromal and microvascular components in keratocystic odontogenic tumors

Objective

Material and Methods

Results

Conclusions

A significant interaction between the MC population and CD34-positive vessels in KCOTs supported the hypothesis that MCs and blood vessels contribute to the stromal scaffold of KCOT.

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Melatonin's protective effect on the salivary gland against ionized radiation damage in rats

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of melatonin on ionized radiation-induced salivary gland damage using an experimental model.

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusions

Melatonin may have a significant protective effect on salivary gland damage secondary to ionizing radiation.

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The relationship between EMT, CD44high/EGFRlow phenotype, and treatment response in head and neck cancer cell lines

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

The data presented in this report suggest that EMT is associated with a CD44^high/EGFR^low phenotype and possibly negative impact on radiotherapy response in HNSCC cell lines.

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Applying the COM-B behaviour model and behaviour change wheel to develop an intervention to improve hearing-aid use in adult auditory rehabilitation

10.3109/14992027.2015.1120894 Fiona Barker

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A Novel Enzyme-Targeting Radiosensitizer (New KORTUC) Using a Gelatin-Based Hydrogel Instead of a Sodium Hyaluronate

Cancers, Vol. 8, Pages 10: Development of a Novel Enzyme-Targeting Radiosensitizer (New KORTUC) Using a Gelatin-Based Hydrogel Instead of a Sodium Hyaluronate: We recently developed Kochi Oxydol-Radiation Therapy for Unresectable Carcinomas (KORTUC) as a strategy to increase intratumoral oxygen concentrations and degrade antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase and catalase. We then developed KORTUC II, which uses sodium hyaluronate containing hydrogen peroxide as a radiosensitizer. KORTUC II requires twice-weekly administration to sustain its effects, but decreasing the frequency of radiosensitizer injections to once-weekly would reduce the burden on the patients and the physicians. The goal of this study was thus to develop a new formulation of KORTUC (New KORTUC) that only requires once-weekly administration. We performed experimental studies using a mouse tumor model and biodegradable hydrogel. C3H/He mice were allocated to control, KORTUC, or hydrogel groups. At 72 h after injection, each tumor was irradiated with a 6 MeV electron beam to a total dose of 30 Gy. During a 62-day observation period, changes in tumor volume and survival rates were assessed in each group. Tumor growth rate was slowest in the hydrogel groups. These data suggest that hydrogel could represent a useful adjunct as a long-acting radiosensitizer in place of sodium hyaluronate. New KORTUC, which contains hydrogen peroxide and hydrogel, exerted a radiosensitizing effect that persisted beyond 72 h following injection of the agent. Use of this new formulation allows radiosensitizer injections to be performed once-weekly with good effect.

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Understanding the psychosocial experiences of adults with mild-moderate hearing loss: An application of Leventhal’s self-regulatory model

10.3109/14992027.2015.1117663 Eithne Heffernan

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A demonstrated positive effect of a hearing conservation program in the Swedish armed forces

10.3109/14992027.2015.1117662 Per Muhr

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Radiation therapy in non-melanoma cancers, lymphomas and sarcomas of the skin

Role of radiation therapy in non-melanoma cancers, lymphomas and sarcomas of the skin: systematic review and best practice in 2015

via Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology (open access)

Publication date: Available online 11 January 2016
Source:Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
Author(s): Magali Fort, Saada Guet, Laurianne Colson-Durand, Claire Auzolle, Yazid Belkacemi
Radiotherapy has been used for the treatment of skin cancers since very early after the discovery of x-rays. Indications for radiotherapy in non-melanoma cancers are controversial, and are usually decided according to the tumor type and the possibility of curing the patient with surgery. The introduction of sophisticated surgery techniques and the information of the general population on potential late radiation-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis have led to limiting radiation indications in the dermatologist community. However, radiotherapy has undergone considerable development, including technological advances, to enable limiting doses to the organs at risk. Thus, side effects due to high doses and/or the use of old radiotherapy (RT) techniques have been significantly decreased.In this systematic review we aim to discuss indications of radiotherapy in non-melanoma skin cancers and focus on new advances that may lead to rehabilitating this treatment option according to the tumor's radiosensitivity and the clinical benefit/risk ratio. Finally, for each type of cancer, we suggest "the best RT practice".

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Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

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Η λίστα ιστολογίων μου

Τρίτη 12 Ιανουαρίου 2016

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