Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the tissue reaction of a tricalcium silicate-based repair material associated with 30% calcium tungstate (TCS + CaWO4) in comparison to Bio-C Repair (Bio-C; Angelus, Brazil) and to MTA Repair HP (MTA HP; Angelus, Brazil).
Methodology
Polyethylene tubes filled with one of the materials or left empty (control group, CG) were implanted into the subcutaneous tissues of rats for 7, 15, 30 and 60 days (n = 32/group). The capsule thickness, number of inflammatory cells, collagen content, interleukin-6 (IL-6), osteocalcin (OCN), von Kossa reaction and analysis under polarised light were evaluated. The data which were subjected to generalised linear models for repeated measures, except the OCN. OCN data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post hoc test, and Friedman followed by Nemenyi's test at significance level of 5%.
Results
At all time points, significant differences in the number of inflammatory cells were not observed between TCS + CaWO4 and Bio-C whereas, at 15, 30 and 60 days, no significant difference was detected between TCS + CaWO4 and MTA HP. At all periods, significant differences were not detected in the number of fibroblasts in TCS + CaWO4 versus MTA HP and, at 60 days, no significant difference was demonstrated between these groups and CG. Significant differences in the immunoexpression of IL-6 were not detected among bioceramic materials at all periods. From 7 to 60 days, significant reduction in the number of inflammatory cells, number of IL-6-immunopositive cells and in the capsule thickness was accompanied by significant increase in the collagen in all groups. OCN-immunolabelled cells, von Kossa-positive structures and amorphous calcite deposits were observed around all materials whereas, in the CG, these structures were not seen.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that the experimental material (TCS + CaWO4) is biocompatible and has a bioactive potential, similarly to the MTA HP and Bio-C Repair, and suggest its use as a root repair material.
