Physical activity ameliorates the function of organs via adipose tissue in metabolic diseases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Physical activity ameliorates the function of organs via adipose tissue in metabolic diseases Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2022 Jan 16;124(2):151844. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151844. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Adipose tissue is a dynamic organ in the endocrine system that can connect organs by secreting molecules and bioactive. Hence, adipose tissue really plays a pivotal role in regulating metabolism, inflammation, energy homeostasis, and thermogenesis. Disruption of hub bioactive molecules secretion such as adipokines leads to dysregulate metabolic communication between a dipose tissue and other organs in non-communicable disorders. Moreover, a sedentary lifestyle may be a risk factor for adipose tissue function. Physical inactivity leads to fat tissue accumulation and promotes obesity, Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, fatty liver, osteoporosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, physical activity may ameliorate and protect the body against metabolic disorders, triggering thermogenesis, metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, β-oxidation, and glucose uptake. Furthermore, physical activity provides an inter-organ association and cross-talk between different tissues by improving adipose tissue function, reprogramming gene expression, modulating molecules and bioactive factors. Also, physical activity decreases chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and improves metabolic features in adipose tissue. The current review focuses on the beneficial effect of physical activity on the cardiovascular, locomotor, digestive, and nervous systems. In addition, we visualize protein-protein interactions networks between hub proteins involved in dysregulating metabolic induced by adipose tissue. PMID:35045377 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151844 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association Between Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Pediatric and Young Adulthood Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Risk of Second Primary Malignancies

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Association Between Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Pediatric and Young Adulthood Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Risk of Second Primary Malignancies Via radioactive iodine J Clin Oncol. 2022 Jan 19:JCO2101841. doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.01841. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Since the 1980s, both the incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and use of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment increased markedly. RAI has been associated with an increased risk of leukemia, but risks of second solid malignancies remain unclear. We aimed to quantify risks of second malignancies associated with RAI treatment for DTC in children and young adults, who ar e more susceptible than older adults to the late effects of radiation. METHODS: Using nine US SEER cancer registries (1975-2017), we estimated relative risks (RRs) for solid and hematologic malignancies associated with RAI (yes v no or unknown) using Poisson regression among ≥ 5- and ≥ 2-year survivors of nonmetastatic DTC diagnosed before age 45 years, respectively. RESULTS: Among 27,050 ≥ 5-year survivors (median follow-up = 15 years), RAI treatment (45%) was associated with increased risk of solid malignancies (RR = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.37). Risks were increased for uterine cancer (RR = 1.55; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.32) and nonsignificantly for cancers of the salivary gland (RR = 2.15; 95% CI, 0.91 to 5.08), stomach (RR = 1.61; 95% CI, 0.70 to 3.69), lung (RR = 1.42; 95% CI, 0.97 to 2.08), and female breast (RR = 1.18; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.40). Risks of total solid and female breast cancer, the most common cancer type, were highest among ≥ 20-year DTC survivo rs (RRsolid = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.74; RRbreast = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.95). Among 32,171 ≥ 2-year survivors, RAI was associated with increased risk of hematologic malignancies (RR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.01), including leukemia (RR = 1.92; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.56). We estimated that 6% of solid and 14% of hematologic malignancies in pediatric and young adult DTC survivors may be attributable to RAI. CONCLUSION: In addition to leukemia, RAI treatment for childhood and young-adulthood DTC was associated with increased risks of several solid cancers, particularly more than 20 years after exposure, supporting the need for long-term surveillance of these patients. PMID:35044839 | DOI:10.1200/JCO.21.01841 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Chaos Behavior Analysis of Alaryngeal Voices Including Esophageal (SE) and Tracheoesophageal (TE) Voices

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Chaos Behavior Analysis of Alaryngeal Voices Including Esophageal (SE) and Tracheoesophageal (TE) Voices Via Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica ABSTRACT Hypothesis/Objectives This study's objective was to develop a method to the evaluate the chaotic characteristic of alaryngeal speech. The proposed method will be capable of distinguishing between normal and alaryngeal voices, including esophageal (SE) and tracheoesophageal (TE) voices. It has been previously shown that alaryngeal voices exhibit chaotic characteristics due to the aperiodicity of their signals. The proposed method will be applied for future use to quantify both chaos behavior and the difference between SE and TE voices. Study Design A total of 74 voice recordings including 34 normal and 40 alaryngeal (26 esophageal (SE) and 14 tracheoesophageal (TE)) were used in the study. Voice samples were analyzed to distinguish alaryngeal voices from normal voices and investigate different chaotic characteristics of SE and TE speech. Methods A chaotic distribution detection-based method was used to investigate the chaos behavior of alaryngeal voices. This chaos behavior was used to detect the difference between SE and TE voice types. Quantification of the chaos behavior (CB) parameter was performed. Statistical analyses were used to compare the results of the CB analysis for both the SE and TE voices. Results Statistical analysis revealed that CB effectively differentiated between all normal and alaryngeal voice types (P View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Labyrinthine calcification in ears with otitis media and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (OMAAV): A report of two cases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Labyrinthine calcification in ears with otitis media and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (OMAAV): A report of two cases Via Auris Nasus Larynx Publication date: Available online 19 January 2022 Source: Auris Nasus Larynx Author(s): Tadao Yoshida, Masumi Kobayashi, Satofumi Sugimoto, Shinji Naganawa, Michihiko Sone View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Predictors of Initial and Sustained Remission in Patients Treated with Antithyroid Drugs for Graves’ Hyperthyroidism: The RISG Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictors of Initial and Sustained Remission in Patients Treated with Antithyroid Drugs for Graves' Hyperthyroidism: The RISG Study Via Journal of Thyroid Research Purpose. To study predictors of attaining (part 1) and sustaining (part 2) remission in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH) treated with antithyroid drugs (ATD). Methods. In the prospective first part, the included patients were treated with ATD until a prespecified definition of remission (thyrotropin > 0.4 mU/L and TSH-receptor antibodies (TRAb) ≤ 1. 0 IU/L in a patient receiving a methimazole dose ≤ 5 mg/day, on two occasions two months apart) was met, or for 24 months. In the second part, patients attaining remission in part 1 were randomized to treatment or observation and followed until relapse or for 24 months. Results. 173 patients completed study 1 and 53% attained remission. TRAb and age were the only significant predictors of remission. Patients with baseline TRAb below vs above 10 IU/L attained remission in 63% compared to 39%, and 5 months priorly (p View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Study of Vitamin D Level and Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism in Hypothyroid Egyptian Patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Study of Vitamin D Level and Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism in Hypothyroid Egyptian Patients Via Journal of Thyroid Research Purpose. The current study aimed at assessing vitamin D level and vitamin D receptor polymorphism in hypothyroid Egyptian patients and its effect on hypothyroidism and thyroid morphology, also to find a causal relation between vitamin D and hypothyroidism. Methods. This case-control study was conducted on 35 hypothyroid patients and 35 matched unrelated healthy controls. Total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and thyroid antibodies were measured using a human ELISA kit. Genotyping was performed by using real-time PCR. HOMA-IR was also calculated (fasting insulin in mIU/L × fasting glucose in mg/dL/405). All subjects were assessed for thyroid morphology by thyroid ultrasonography. Results. Vitamin D level was lower in hypothyroid patients than in control subjects. Vitamin D was also inversely relat ed to TSH, HOMA-IR, and levels of anti-TG and anti-TPO. VDR polymorphism (Fok1 and Apa1) had no relation to TSH or vitamin D levels in both patients and control groups. Low vitamin D levels were associated with increased thyroid vascularity and nodularity; furthermore, vitamin D was inversely proportional to thyroid gland volume. Correlation of HOMA-IR with the levels of both anti-TG and anti-TPO in the 70 subjects proved that HOMA-IR was positively correlated to both antibodies. Conclusion. This study confirmed the association of vitamin D deficiency with hypothyroidism, thyroid autoimmunity, increased volume, nodularity, and vascularity of thyroid gland in hypothyroid patients as well as increased HOMA-IR. It proved the association between HOMA-IR and thyroid autoimmunity. The study proved no association between VDR polymorphisms (Fok1 and Apa1) with either vitamin D levels or TSH levels. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Challenges in Interpreting Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Results in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Dysfunction

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Challenges in Interpreting Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Results in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Dysfunction Via Journal of Thyroid Research The pituitary hormone, thyrotropin (TSH), is regarded as the primary biomarker for evaluating thyroid function and is useful in guiding treatment with levothyroxine for patients with hypothyroidism. The amplified response of TSH to slight changes in thyroid hormone levels provides a large and easily measured signal in the routine care setting. Laboratories provide reference ranges with upper and lower cutoffs for TSH to define normal thyroid function. The upper limit of the range, used to diagnose subclinical (mild) hypothyroidism, is itself a matter for debate, with authoritative guidelines recommending treatment to within the lower half of the range. Concomitant diseases, medications, supplements, age, gender, ethnicity, iodine status, time of day, time of year, autoantibodies, heterophilic ant ibodies, smoking, and other factors influence the level of TSH, or the performance of current TSH assays. The long-term prognostic implications of small deviations of TSH from the reference range are unclear. Correction of TSH to within the reference range does not always bring thyroid and other biomarkers into range and will not always resolve the patient's symptoms. Overt hypothyroidism requires intervention with levothyroxine. It remains important that physicians managing a patient with symptoms suggestive of thyroid disease consider all of the patient's relevant disease, lifestyle, and other factors before intervening on the basis of a marginally raised TSH level alone. Finally, these limitations of TSH testing mitigate against screening the population for the undoubtedly substantial prevalence of undiagnosed thyroid disease, until appropriately designed randomised trials have quantified the benefits and harms from this approach. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Superior Approach of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Review of the Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Superior Approach of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Review of the Literature Via Journal of Thyroid Research The identification and dissection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is essential to guarantee its anatomical and functional integrity. The superior approach of the recurrent nerve is a reliable surgical alternative. Various indications are recognized with a reliable landmark. This is the entry point into the larynx under the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage. The limits of this technique, namely, the extralaryngeal divisions and the hemorrhages encountered at the point of entry of the larynx are a source of morbidity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. A careful dissection, respect for the surgical steps, and the surgeon's experience are guarantees of a good result. We wanted through a review of the literature and our experience in the superior approach to discuss surgical indications, to ident ify landmarks at the point of entry of the larynx, to determine the limits of this approach, and to take precautions to mitigate the risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Use of FDG-PET/CT to Predict Immunotherapy Treatment Response in Patients With OCSCC

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Use of FDG-PET/CT to Predict Immunotherapy Treatment Response in Patients With OCSCC Via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First This study assesses whether there are changes on fluoro-[18F]- deoxy-2-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans in patients with oral cavity squamous cell cancer receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ear, Nose, Throat, and Bronchial Involvements in VEXAS Syndrome

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Message: VEXAS syndrome (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) is a monogenic disease of adulthood caused by somatic mutations in UBA1 in hematopoietic progenitor cells. Patients develop inflammatory and hematologic symptoms. VEXAS causes symptoms that included blood clots in veins, recurrent fevers, pulmonary abnormalities and vacuoles (unusual cavity-like structures) in myeloid cells. Ear, Nose, Throat, and Bronchial Involvements in VEXAS Syndrome Via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First This case report describes 3 patients with VEXAS syndrome with atypical or not previously described ear, nose, and throat involvement. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

LncRNA NR2F2-AS1 functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer through targeting miR-320b/PDCD4 pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader LncRNA NR2F2-AS1 functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer through targeting miR-320b/PDCD4 pathway Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2022 Jan 20:18429. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-429. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Gastric cancer is among the most frequently occurring gastrointestinal malignancies with a high mortality rate worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as core regulators in the occurrence and progression of multiple cancers, including gastric carcinoma. Mounting evidence has indicated that NR2F2-AS1 can inhibit several malignant tumors. However, the function and potential mechanism of NR2F2-AS1 remain unclear. In the current study, we found that NR2F2-AS1 was weakly expressed in gastric cancer cells in comparison with normal cells. The study has further disclosed that ectopic of NR2F2-AS1 repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT whereas it promoted cell apoptosis in gastric carcinoma. Subsequently, our results confirmed that miR-320b was negatively regulated and that suppression of miR-320b alleviated the malig nant behaviors of GC cells. More importantly, PDCD4 was a target of miR-320b. Mechanistically, NR2F2-AS1 modulated the expression level of PDCD4 by sponging miR-320b. Finally, rescue assays demonstrated that NR2F2-AS1 down-regulated PDCD4 expression to restrain the development of gastric cancer by competitively binding to miR-320b. On the whole, our study revealed the role of NR2F2-AS1/miR-320b/PDCD4 regulatory network in gastric cancer, suggesting NR2F2-AS1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for patients with gastric carcinoma. PMID:35048354 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-429 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Increasing the reliability of real-time electrocochleography during cochlear implantation: a standardized guideline

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Increasing the reliability of real-time electrocochleography during cochlear implantation: a standardized guideline Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jan 20. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07204-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Electrocochleography (ECochG) measures electrical potentials generated by the inner ear in response to acoustic stimulation. Real-time (rt) recordings are increasingly used during cochlear implant (CI) surgeries to monitor the inner ear function. However, the performance of rt-ECochG is a delicate measurement procedure involving several pitfalls, which lead to inaccurate or invalid signal recordings in up to 20%. In order to use the technique routinely in CI candidates, an improvement in measurement reliability must be achieved. METHODS: In our prospective study, we systematically investigated potential pitfalls and error sources during rt-ECochG recordings. We performed experiments (i) on a head and torso simulator, (ii) on a whole-head cadaver specimen, (iii) as well as in vivo during rt-ECochG recordings in CI reci pients. After analyzing experiments i-iii, a standardized measurement procedure was developed. We followed this guideline in 10 CI recipients to test the measurement reliability. RESULTS: Besides improper installation, surgical and patient-specific factors influenced the measured signal. In particular, the unattenuated presentation of the acoustic stimulus was of importance. We summarized our findings in a standardized guideline. Following this guideline, we measured successful intraoperative ECochG recordings in 9/10 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our error analysis improved the understanding of successful rt-ECochG measurements. When following our proposed guideline, we achieved more reliable intraoperative ECochG recordings. PMID:35048175 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07204-7 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.