Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-1/2 inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-½ inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Jun 1;121:410-421

Authors: Abdel-Aziz AA, Abou-Zeid LA, ElTahir KE, Ayyad RR, El-Sayed MA, El-Azab AS

Abstract
A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and in vitro inhibition of cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2. A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The potent anti-inflammatory compounds were subjected to in vitro cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2 inhibition assays. Compounds 1, 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects, with half-maximal effective dose (ED50) values of 65.7-102.4 mg/kg, (0.16-0.36 mmol/kg), and strong analgesic activities, with ED50 values of 33.3-104.6 mg/kg, (0.07-0.34 mmol/kg). These values were compared with those of diclofenac sodium [ED50 values: 112.2 and 100.4 mg/kg, (0.35 and 0.31 mmol/kg)], and celecoxib [ED50 values: 84.3 and 71.6 mg/kg (0.22 and 0.19 mmol/kg)], respectively as reference drugs. Compounds 1, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited effective COX-2 inhibitory activity, with half-maximal inhibitor concentration (IC50) values of 0.70-2.0 μM and selectivity index (SI) values of more than 50-142.9 compared with celecoxib as reference drugs (IC50 = 0.30 μM and COX-2 SI: >333). Potent COX-2 inhibitors, i.e., compounds 15, 11, and 17 were docked into the binding site pockets of COX-1 and COX-2. These compounds exhibited strong interactions at the COX-2 binding site and poor interactions at COX-1 active site pocket.

PMID: 27318118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-1/2 inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-½ inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Jun 1;121:410-421

Authors: Abdel-Aziz AA, Abou-Zeid LA, ElTahir KE, Ayyad RR, El-Sayed MA, El-Azab AS

Abstract
A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and in vitro inhibition of cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2. A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The potent anti-inflammatory compounds were subjected to in vitro cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2 inhibition assays. Compounds 1, 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects, with half-maximal effective dose (ED50) values of 65.7-102.4 mg/kg, (0.16-0.36 mmol/kg), and strong analgesic activities, with ED50 values of 33.3-104.6 mg/kg, (0.07-0.34 mmol/kg). These values were compared with those of diclofenac sodium [ED50 values: 112.2 and 100.4 mg/kg, (0.35 and 0.31 mmol/kg)], and celecoxib [ED50 values: 84.3 and 71.6 mg/kg (0.22 and 0.19 mmol/kg)], respectively as reference drugs. Compounds 1, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited effective COX-2 inhibitory activity, with half-maximal inhibitor concentration (IC50) values of 0.70-2.0 μM and selectivity index (SI) values of more than 50-142.9 compared with celecoxib as reference drugs (IC50 = 0.30 μM and COX-2 SI: >333). Potent COX-2 inhibitors, i.e., compounds 15, 11, and 17 were docked into the binding site pockets of COX-1 and COX-2. These compounds exhibited strong interactions at the COX-2 binding site and poor interactions at COX-1 active site pocket.

PMID: 27318118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Early Expression of HLA-DR and CD64 Myeloid Markers Is Specifically Compartmentalized in the Blood and Lungs of Patients with Septic Shock

Identification of reliable biomarkers is key to guide targeted therapies in septic patients. Expression monitoring of monocyte HLA-DR and neutrophil CD64 could fulfill the above need. However, it is unknown whether their expression on circulating cells reflects the status of tissue resident cells. We compared expressions of HLA-DR and CD64 markers in the circulation and airways of septic shock patients and evaluated their outcome prognostic value. The expression of CD64 on neutrophils and HLA-DR on monocytes was analyzed in the peripheral blood and mini-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells by flow cytometry. Twenty-seven patients with septic shock were enrolled into the study. The fluorescence intensity of HLA-DR on circulating monocytes was 3.5-fold lower than on the pulmonary monocytes (). The expression of CD64 on circulating and airway neutrophils was similar (). Only the expression of CD64 on circulating neutrophils was higher in nonsurvivors versus survivors (2.8-fold; ). Pulmonary monocytes display a higher level of HLA-DR activation compared to peripheral blood monocytes but the expression of neutrophil CD64 is similar on lung and circulating cells. Death in septic patients was effectively predicted by neutrophil CD64 but not monocytic HLA-DR. Prognostic value of cellular activation markers in septic shock appears to strongly depend on their level of compartmentalization.

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Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders.

Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders.

J Voice. 2016 Jun 14;

Authors: Bottalico P, Graetzer S, Astolfi A, Hunter EJ

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The relationship between the silence and voicing accumulations of primary school teachers and the teachers' clinical status was examined to determine whether more voicing accumulations and fewer silence accumulations were measured for the vocally unhealthy subjects than for the healthy subjects, which would imply more vocal loading and fewer short-term recovery moments.
METHODS: Twenty-six Italian primary school teachers were allocated by clinicians to three groups: (1) with organic voice disorders, (2) with subjectively mild organic alteration or functional voice symptoms, and (3) normal voice quality and physiology. Continuous silence and voicing periods were measured with the APM3200 during the teachers' 4-hour workdays. The accumulations were grouped into seven time intervals, ranging from 0.03-0.9 to 3.16-10 seconds, according to Italian prosody. The effects of group on silence and voicing accumulations were evaluated.
RESULTS: Regarding silence accumulations, Group 1 accumulated higher values in intervals between 0.1 and 3.15 seconds than other groups, whereas Groups 2 and 3 did not differ from each other. Voicing accumulations between 0.17 and 3.15 seconds were higher for subjects with a structural disorder. A higher time dose was accumulated by these subjects (40.6%) than other subjects (Group 2, 31.9%; Group 3, 32.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: Although previous research has suggested that a rest period of a few seconds may produce some vocal fatigue recovery, these results indicate that periods shorter than 3.16 seconds may not have an observable effect on recovery. The results provide insight into how vocal fatigue and vocal recovery may relate to voice disorders in occupational voice users.

PMID: 27316793 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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A novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery: bilateral axillary approach (BAA).

A novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery: bilateral axillary approach (BAA).

Surg Endosc. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Woo JW, Kim SK, Park I, Choe JH, Kim JH, Kim JS

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy (RT) is proven to be a feasible method for the treatment of well-differentiated thyroid cancers in terms of oncology as well as cosmesis. However, BABA RT causes postoperative sternal discomfort and needs an incision over the nipple areolar area. Here, we suggest a novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery that does not need a breast incision-bilateral axillary approach (BAA).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited 51 patients who were willing to undergo the novel BAA robotic thyroid surgery. We performed a propensity score-matched analysis to compare the BAA robotic thyroid surgery group (BAA group) with the conventional open thyroid surgery group (open group).
RESULTS: Mean operation time in the BAA group (129.7 min) was significantly longer than that in the open group (103.1 min) (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences in the mean number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), mean number of retrieved LNs, vocal cord palsy, hypoparathyroidism, and mean stimulated thyroglobulin level were observed between the two groups. There was no case of postoperative bleeding or chyle leak. Of the 51 patients who had undergone the BAA procedure, 27 patients answered the questionnaire. The mean scale, ranging from 0 to 10, at postoperative 1 day/2 weeks was as follows: voice change score, 3.0/1.6; swallowing difficulty score, 4.0/2.0; anterior neck pain score, 4.6/3.6; anterior neck numbness score, 5.4/4.3; right chest pain score, 3.8/2.1; left chest pain score, 3.6/2.3; right chest numbness score, 3.2/2.8; left chest numbness score, 2.4/2.7; right breast pain score, 0.9/0; left breast pain score, 1.2/0; right breast numbness score, 1.7/0; and left breast numbness score, 2.6/0, respectively.
CONCLUSION: BAA robotic thyroid surgery is a novel, safe, and feasible oncoplastic method, especially for patients who have fear of procedures around the nipple areolar complex.

PMID: 27317039 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Articulation handicap index: an instrument for quantifying psychosocial consequences of impaired articulation.

Articulation handicap index: an instrument for quantifying psychosocial consequences of impaired articulation.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Keilmann A, Konerding U, Oberherr C, Nawka T

Abstract
Structural, neurological and muscular diseases can lead to impairments of articulation. These impairments can severely impact social life. To judge health status comprehensively, this impact must be adequately quantified. For this purpose, the articulation handicap index (AHI) has been developed. Psychometric analyses referring to this index are presented here. The AHI was completed by 113 patients who had undergone treatment of tumours of the head or neck. The patients also gave a general self-assessment of their impairments due to articulation problems. Furthermore, tumour size, tumour location and kind of therapy were recorded. Missing data were analysed and replaced by multiple imputation. Internal structure was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA); reliability using Cronbach's alpha. Validity was investigated by analysing the relationship between AHI and general self-assessment of impairments. Moreover, the relationships with tumour size, tumour location and kind of therapy were analysed. Only 0.12 % of the answers to the AHI were missing. The Scree test performed with the PCA results suggested one-dimensionality with the first component explaining 49.6 % of the item variance. Cronbach's alpha was 0.96. Kendall's tau between the AHI sum score and the general self-assessment was 0.69. The intervals of AHI sum scores for the self-assessment categories were determined with 0-13 for no, 14-44 for mild, 46-76 for moderate, and 77-120 for severe impairment. The AHI sum score did not systematically relate to tumour size, tumour location or kind of therapy. The results are evidence for high acceptance, reliability and validity.

PMID: 27317563 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Extracellular matrix for vocal fold lamina propria replacement: A review.

Extracellular matrix for vocal fold lamina propria replacement: A review.

Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Wrona EA, Peng R, Amin MR, Branski R, Freytes DO

Abstract
The vocal folds (VFs) are exposed to a number of injurious stimuli that frequently lead to aberrant structural alterations and altered biomechanical properties that clinically manifest as voice disorders. Therapies to restore both structure and function of this delicate tissue are ideal. However, such methods have not been adequately developed. Our group and others hypothesize that tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches, previously described for other tissue systems, hold significant promise for the VFs. In the current review, we explore the concept of tissue engineering as it relates to the VFs as well as recent studies employing both naturally- and synthetically-derived biomaterials, including those from laryngeal and non-laryngeal sources, in combination with stem cells for a tissue-engineered approach to VF repair.

PMID: 27316784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Book Review: Robotic Head and Neck Surgery: The Essential Guide.

Book Review: Robotic Head and Neck Surgery: The Essential Guide.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Choi KY

PMID: 27317312 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Temporal Bone Mucormycosis.

Temporal Bone Mucormycosis.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Katsantonis NG, Hunter JB, O'Connell BP, He J, Lewis JS, Wanna GB

Abstract
CASE DETAILS: We present a case of temporal bone mucormycosis in a 71-year-old female with diabetes mellitus who presented to the emergency department with facial nerve paresis, otorrhea, and contralateral hemiparesis. After undergoing a tympanomastoidectomy, the patient's pathology exhibited fungal hyphae consistent with mucormycosis.
DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, there have been 9 reported cases of temporal bone mucormycosis, 3 of which presented with facial nerve paresis, all with some subsequent improvement. In this case, facial paralysis persisted at the time of last follow-up (2 months) despite surgery and intravenous antifungals. We also review and summarize the temporal bone mucormycosis literature.
CONCLUSION: Temporal bone mucormycosis is a rare and morbid infectious disease, though its outcomes appear to be different for patients who present with isolated temporal bone disease as compared to those individuals who develop temporal bone mucormycosis secondary to a rhinologic source.

PMID: 27317314 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome During Combined Modality Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome During Combined Modality Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Wakasaki T, Gotoh S, Tomonobe E, Mihara T, Fukushima J

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare and acute disease with central nervous system symptoms. Without appropriate therapy, patients may exhibit a poor prognosis. PRES should be recognized as a possible problem during therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
METHODS: A 56-year-old female developed PRES during combined modality therapy for HNSCC. On the fourth day after surgery and following chemoradiotherapy, PRES developed with a sudden visual disorder, followed by headache located at the back of the head and convulsions accompanied by impaired consciousness. We diagnosed PRES based on the clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging data.
RESULTS: The patient recovered from PRES by appropriate treatment.
CONCLUSION: This is the first case report of PRES developed during treatment for HNSCC. Masked by other cerebrovascular disorders, more cases of PRES could exist than usually expected; therefore, we should consider PRES as a differential diagnosis for central nervous system disorders developing during high-intensity therapy.

PMID: 27317313 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Euthyroid Nodular Goiter Patients.

Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Euthyroid Nodular Goiter Patients.

Thyroid. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Kornelius E, Chiou CY, Yang YS, Lo SC, Peng CH, Lai YR, Huang CN

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The risks of thyroid dysfunction after iodinated contrast media exposure in patients with euthyroid nodular goiter are largely unknown.
METHODS: This observational, retrospective cohort study included a random selection of 1 million people in Taiwan. All patients with iodinated contrast media exposure during this study period were selected. Patients with euthyroid nodular goiter were identified as cases, while patients without thyroid nodule were selected as controls. We followed these patients until the first event of thyroid dysfunction including hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism after iodinated contrast media exposure.
RESULTS: A total of 334 cases and 2,672 matched controls were selected in this study. The mean age of cases and controls were 58.6 and 58.4 years old, and mean follow-up durations were 2.1 and 2 years, respectively. After adjustment, patients with euthyroid nodular goiter had higher risk of thyroid dysfunction (HR 5.43, 95% CI 3.01-9.80) compared with controls after iodinated contrast media exposure. In the subgroup analysis, the risks of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in cases compared with controls were 5.77 (95% CI 2.64-12.62) and 4.95 (95% CI 2.15-11.40), respectively. Half of the euthyroid nodular goiter cases developed thyroid dysfunction within one year after iodinated contrast media exposure. Interestingly, all thyroid-related comorbidities and drug prescriptions did not increase the risk of thyroid dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: Presence of euthyroid nodular goiter was associated with higher risk of thyroid dysfunction, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism after iodinated contrast media exposure.

PMID: 27315873 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Wen HT, de Oliveira E

PMID: 27318320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Wen HT, de Oliveira E

PMID: 27318320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Timurkaynak E

PMID: 27318319 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Intratumoral expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)

Intratumoral expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC):

Abstract

The immunological checkpoints of programmed death 1 and its ligand (PD-L1) are currently in focus as novel therapeutic targets in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic association of PD-L1 expression in clear cell (cc) RCC with clinical parameters, tumor aggressiveness and overall survival (OS). Patients who underwent renal surgery due to RCC between 1994 and 2003 were retrospectively evaluated. Tumor specimens were analyzed for PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry. One hundred and seventy-seven ccRCC patients were eligible for analysis, in which 140 (79.1 %) were negative and 37 (20.9 %) were positive for PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 positivity was associated with female gender (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.004), distant metastasis (p = 0.002), higher AJCC stage (p = 0.004), as well as advanced disease (pT3/4 and/or N+ and/or M1) (p 

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Intratumoral expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)

Abstract

The immunological checkpoints of programmed death 1 and its ligand (PD-L1) are currently in focus as novel therapeutic targets in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic association of PD-L1 expression in clear cell (cc) RCC with clinical parameters, tumor aggressiveness and overall survival (OS). Patients who underwent renal surgery due to RCC between 1994 and 2003 were retrospectively evaluated. Tumor specimens were analyzed for PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry. One hundred and seventy-seven ccRCC patients were eligible for analysis, in which 140 (79.1 %) were negative and 37 (20.9 %) were positive for PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 positivity was associated with female gender (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.004), distant metastasis (p = 0.002), higher AJCC stage (p = 0.004), as well as advanced disease (pT3/4 and/or N+ and/or M1) (p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a significantly diminished 5- and 10-year overall survival of 46.7 and 28.3 % for PD-L1⁺ compared to PD-L1⁻ tumors with 66 and 53.4 % (p = 0.005), respectively. Univariate analysis showed a significant negative association of OS with PD-L1 positivity [p = 0.005; HR: 2 (95 % CI 1.2–3.3)], even though PD-L1 positivity only tends to predict independently the OS using multivariate analyses [p = 0.066; HR: 1.6 (95 % CI 0.98–2.7)]. PD-L1 expression in ccRCC is associated with parameters of aggressiveness, as well as with poor OS, even though PD-L1 status was not identified as a significant independent prognostic parameter. However, further studies in larger cohorts are warranted.

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Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-1/2 inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-½ inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Jun 1;121:410-421

Authors: Abdel-Aziz AA, Abou-Zeid LA, ElTahir KE, Ayyad RR, El-Sayed MA, El-Azab AS

Abstract
A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and in vitro inhibition of cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2. A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The potent anti-inflammatory compounds were subjected to in vitro cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2 inhibition assays. Compounds 1, 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects, with half-maximal effective dose (ED50) values of 65.7-102.4 mg/kg, (0.16-0.36 mmol/kg), and strong analgesic activities, with ED50 values of 33.3-104.6 mg/kg, (0.07-0.34 mmol/kg). These values were compared with those of diclofenac sodium [ED50 values: 112.2 and 100.4 mg/kg, (0.35 and 0.31 mmol/kg)], and celecoxib [ED50 values: 84.3 and 71.6 mg/kg (0.22 and 0.19 mmol/kg)], respectively as reference drugs. Compounds 1, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited effective COX-2 inhibitory activity, with half-maximal inhibitor concentration (IC50) values of 0.70-2.0 μM and selectivity index (SI) values of more than 50-142.9 compared with celecoxib as reference drugs (IC50 = 0.30 μM and COX-2 SI: >333). Potent COX-2 inhibitors, i.e., compounds 15, 11, and 17 were docked into the binding site pockets of COX-1 and COX-2. These compounds exhibited strong interactions at the COX-2 binding site and poor interactions at COX-1 active site pocket.

PMID: 27318118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-1/2 inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Synthesis, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, COX-½ inhibitory activities and molecular docking studies of substituted 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinones.

Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Jun 1;121:410-421

Authors: Abdel-Aziz AA, Abou-Zeid LA, ElTahir KE, Ayyad RR, El-Sayed MA, El-Azab AS

Abstract
A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and in vitro inhibition of cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2. A new series of 2-substituted mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone 1-26 were synthesized and assessed for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The potent anti-inflammatory compounds were subjected to in vitro cyclooxygenase COX-1/COX-2 inhibition assays. Compounds 1, 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects, with half-maximal effective dose (ED50) values of 65.7-102.4 mg/kg, (0.16-0.36 mmol/kg), and strong analgesic activities, with ED50 values of 33.3-104.6 mg/kg, (0.07-0.34 mmol/kg). These values were compared with those of diclofenac sodium [ED50 values: 112.2 and 100.4 mg/kg, (0.35 and 0.31 mmol/kg)], and celecoxib [ED50 values: 84.3 and 71.6 mg/kg (0.22 and 0.19 mmol/kg)], respectively as reference drugs. Compounds 1, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 25 exhibited effective COX-2 inhibitory activity, with half-maximal inhibitor concentration (IC50) values of 0.70-2.0 μM and selectivity index (SI) values of more than 50-142.9 compared with celecoxib as reference drugs (IC50 = 0.30 μM and COX-2 SI: >333). Potent COX-2 inhibitors, i.e., compounds 15, 11, and 17 were docked into the binding site pockets of COX-1 and COX-2. These compounds exhibited strong interactions at the COX-2 binding site and poor interactions at COX-1 active site pocket.

PMID: 27318118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Early Expression of HLA-DR and CD64 Myeloid Markers Is Specifically Compartmentalized in the Blood and Lungs of Patients with Septic Shock

Identification of reliable biomarkers is key to guide targeted therapies in septic patients. Expression monitoring of monocyte HLA-DR and neutrophil CD64 could fulfill the above need. However, it is unknown whether their expression on circulating cells reflects the status of tissue resident cells. We compared expressions of HLA-DR and CD64 markers in the circulation and airways of septic shock patients and evaluated their outcome prognostic value. The expression of CD64 on neutrophils and HLA-DR on monocytes was analyzed in the peripheral blood and mini-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells by flow cytometry. Twenty-seven patients with septic shock were enrolled into the study. The fluorescence intensity of HLA-DR on circulating monocytes was 3.5-fold lower than on the pulmonary monocytes (). The expression of CD64 on circulating and airway neutrophils was similar (). Only the expression of CD64 on circulating neutrophils was higher in nonsurvivors versus survivors (2.8-fold; ). Pulmonary monocytes display a higher level of HLA-DR activation compared to peripheral blood monocytes but the expression of neutrophil CD64 is similar on lung and circulating cells. Death in septic patients was effectively predicted by neutrophil CD64 but not monocytic HLA-DR. Prognostic value of cellular activation markers in septic shock appears to strongly depend on their level of compartmentalization.

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Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders.

Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders.

J Voice. 2016 Jun 14;

Authors: Bottalico P, Graetzer S, Astolfi A, Hunter EJ

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The relationship between the silence and voicing accumulations of primary school teachers and the teachers' clinical status was examined to determine whether more voicing accumulations and fewer silence accumulations were measured for the vocally unhealthy subjects than for the healthy subjects, which would imply more vocal loading and fewer short-term recovery moments.
METHODS: Twenty-six Italian primary school teachers were allocated by clinicians to three groups: (1) with organic voice disorders, (2) with subjectively mild organic alteration or functional voice symptoms, and (3) normal voice quality and physiology. Continuous silence and voicing periods were measured with the APM3200 during the teachers' 4-hour workdays. The accumulations were grouped into seven time intervals, ranging from 0.03-0.9 to 3.16-10 seconds, according to Italian prosody. The effects of group on silence and voicing accumulations were evaluated.
RESULTS: Regarding silence accumulations, Group 1 accumulated higher values in intervals between 0.1 and 3.15 seconds than other groups, whereas Groups 2 and 3 did not differ from each other. Voicing accumulations between 0.17 and 3.15 seconds were higher for subjects with a structural disorder. A higher time dose was accumulated by these subjects (40.6%) than other subjects (Group 2, 31.9%; Group 3, 32.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: Although previous research has suggested that a rest period of a few seconds may produce some vocal fatigue recovery, these results indicate that periods shorter than 3.16 seconds may not have an observable effect on recovery. The results provide insight into how vocal fatigue and vocal recovery may relate to voice disorders in occupational voice users.

PMID: 27316793 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Articulation handicap index: an instrument for quantifying psychosocial consequences of impaired articulation.

Articulation handicap index: an instrument for quantifying psychosocial consequences of impaired articulation.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Keilmann A, Konerding U, Oberherr C, Nawka T

Abstract
Structural, neurological and muscular diseases can lead to impairments of articulation. These impairments can severely impact social life. To judge health status comprehensively, this impact must be adequately quantified. For this purpose, the articulation handicap index (AHI) has been developed. Psychometric analyses referring to this index are presented here. The AHI was completed by 113 patients who had undergone treatment of tumours of the head or neck. The patients also gave a general self-assessment of their impairments due to articulation problems. Furthermore, tumour size, tumour location and kind of therapy were recorded. Missing data were analysed and replaced by multiple imputation. Internal structure was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA); reliability using Cronbach's alpha. Validity was investigated by analysing the relationship between AHI and general self-assessment of impairments. Moreover, the relationships with tumour size, tumour location and kind of therapy were analysed. Only 0.12 % of the answers to the AHI were missing. The Scree test performed with the PCA results suggested one-dimensionality with the first component explaining 49.6 % of the item variance. Cronbach's alpha was 0.96. Kendall's tau between the AHI sum score and the general self-assessment was 0.69. The intervals of AHI sum scores for the self-assessment categories were determined with 0-13 for no, 14-44 for mild, 46-76 for moderate, and 77-120 for severe impairment. The AHI sum score did not systematically relate to tumour size, tumour location or kind of therapy. The results are evidence for high acceptance, reliability and validity.

PMID: 27317563 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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A novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery: bilateral axillary approach (BAA).

A novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery: bilateral axillary approach (BAA).

Surg Endosc. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Woo JW, Kim SK, Park I, Choe JH, Kim JH, Kim JS

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy (RT) is proven to be a feasible method for the treatment of well-differentiated thyroid cancers in terms of oncology as well as cosmesis. However, BABA RT causes postoperative sternal discomfort and needs an incision over the nipple areolar area. Here, we suggest a novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery that does not need a breast incision-bilateral axillary approach (BAA).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited 51 patients who were willing to undergo the novel BAA robotic thyroid surgery. We performed a propensity score-matched analysis to compare the BAA robotic thyroid surgery group (BAA group) with the conventional open thyroid surgery group (open group).
RESULTS: Mean operation time in the BAA group (129.7 min) was significantly longer than that in the open group (103.1 min) (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences in the mean number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), mean number of retrieved LNs, vocal cord palsy, hypoparathyroidism, and mean stimulated thyroglobulin level were observed between the two groups. There was no case of postoperative bleeding or chyle leak. Of the 51 patients who had undergone the BAA procedure, 27 patients answered the questionnaire. The mean scale, ranging from 0 to 10, at postoperative 1 day/2 weeks was as follows: voice change score, 3.0/1.6; swallowing difficulty score, 4.0/2.0; anterior neck pain score, 4.6/3.6; anterior neck numbness score, 5.4/4.3; right chest pain score, 3.8/2.1; left chest pain score, 3.6/2.3; right chest numbness score, 3.2/2.8; left chest numbness score, 2.4/2.7; right breast pain score, 0.9/0; left breast pain score, 1.2/0; right breast numbness score, 1.7/0; and left breast numbness score, 2.6/0, respectively.
CONCLUSION: BAA robotic thyroid surgery is a novel, safe, and feasible oncoplastic method, especially for patients who have fear of procedures around the nipple areolar complex.

PMID: 27317039 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Extracellular matrix for vocal fold lamina propria replacement: A review.

Extracellular matrix for vocal fold lamina propria replacement: A review.

Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Wrona EA, Peng R, Amin MR, Branski R, Freytes DO

Abstract
The vocal folds (VFs) are exposed to a number of injurious stimuli that frequently lead to aberrant structural alterations and altered biomechanical properties that clinically manifest as voice disorders. Therapies to restore both structure and function of this delicate tissue are ideal. However, such methods have not been adequately developed. Our group and others hypothesize that tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches, previously described for other tissue systems, hold significant promise for the VFs. In the current review, we explore the concept of tissue engineering as it relates to the VFs as well as recent studies employing both naturally- and synthetically-derived biomaterials, including those from laryngeal and non-laryngeal sources, in combination with stem cells for a tissue-engineered approach to VF repair.

PMID: 27316784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Temporal Bone Mucormycosis.

Temporal Bone Mucormycosis.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Katsantonis NG, Hunter JB, O'Connell BP, He J, Lewis JS, Wanna GB

Abstract
CASE DETAILS: We present a case of temporal bone mucormycosis in a 71-year-old female with diabetes mellitus who presented to the emergency department with facial nerve paresis, otorrhea, and contralateral hemiparesis. After undergoing a tympanomastoidectomy, the patient's pathology exhibited fungal hyphae consistent with mucormycosis.
DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, there have been 9 reported cases of temporal bone mucormycosis, 3 of which presented with facial nerve paresis, all with some subsequent improvement. In this case, facial paralysis persisted at the time of last follow-up (2 months) despite surgery and intravenous antifungals. We also review and summarize the temporal bone mucormycosis literature.
CONCLUSION: Temporal bone mucormycosis is a rare and morbid infectious disease, though its outcomes appear to be different for patients who present with isolated temporal bone disease as compared to those individuals who develop temporal bone mucormycosis secondary to a rhinologic source.

PMID: 27317314 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome During Combined Modality Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome During Combined Modality Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Wakasaki T, Gotoh S, Tomonobe E, Mihara T, Fukushima J

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare and acute disease with central nervous system symptoms. Without appropriate therapy, patients may exhibit a poor prognosis. PRES should be recognized as a possible problem during therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
METHODS: A 56-year-old female developed PRES during combined modality therapy for HNSCC. On the fourth day after surgery and following chemoradiotherapy, PRES developed with a sudden visual disorder, followed by headache located at the back of the head and convulsions accompanied by impaired consciousness. We diagnosed PRES based on the clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging data.
RESULTS: The patient recovered from PRES by appropriate treatment.
CONCLUSION: This is the first case report of PRES developed during treatment for HNSCC. Masked by other cerebrovascular disorders, more cases of PRES could exist than usually expected; therefore, we should consider PRES as a differential diagnosis for central nervous system disorders developing during high-intensity therapy.

PMID: 27317313 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Book Review: Robotic Head and Neck Surgery: The Essential Guide.

Book Review: Robotic Head and Neck Surgery: The Essential Guide.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Choi KY

PMID: 27317312 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Euthyroid Nodular Goiter Patients.

Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Euthyroid Nodular Goiter Patients.

Thyroid. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Kornelius E, Chiou CY, Yang YS, Lo SC, Peng CH, Lai YR, Huang CN

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The risks of thyroid dysfunction after iodinated contrast media exposure in patients with euthyroid nodular goiter are largely unknown.
METHODS: This observational, retrospective cohort study included a random selection of 1 million people in Taiwan. All patients with iodinated contrast media exposure during this study period were selected. Patients with euthyroid nodular goiter were identified as cases, while patients without thyroid nodule were selected as controls. We followed these patients until the first event of thyroid dysfunction including hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism after iodinated contrast media exposure.
RESULTS: A total of 334 cases and 2,672 matched controls were selected in this study. The mean age of cases and controls were 58.6 and 58.4 years old, and mean follow-up durations were 2.1 and 2 years, respectively. After adjustment, patients with euthyroid nodular goiter had higher risk of thyroid dysfunction (HR 5.43, 95% CI 3.01-9.80) compared with controls after iodinated contrast media exposure. In the subgroup analysis, the risks of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in cases compared with controls were 5.77 (95% CI 2.64-12.62) and 4.95 (95% CI 2.15-11.40), respectively. Half of the euthyroid nodular goiter cases developed thyroid dysfunction within one year after iodinated contrast media exposure. Interestingly, all thyroid-related comorbidities and drug prescriptions did not increase the risk of thyroid dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: Presence of euthyroid nodular goiter was associated with higher risk of thyroid dysfunction, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism after iodinated contrast media exposure.

PMID: 27315873 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Wen HT, de Oliveira E

PMID: 27318320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Wen HT, de Oliveira E

PMID: 27318320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Timurkaynak E

PMID: 27318319 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Early Expression of HLA-DR and CD64 Myeloid Markers Is Specifically Compartmentalized in the Blood and Lungs of Patients with Septic Shock

Identification of reliable biomarkers is key to guide targeted therapies in septic patients. Expression monitoring of monocyte HLA-DR and neutrophil CD64 could fulfill the above need. However, it is unknown whether their expression on circulating cells reflects the status of tissue resident cells. We compared expressions of HLA-DR and CD64 markers in the circulation and airways of septic shock patients and evaluated their outcome prognostic value. The expression of CD64 on neutrophils and HLA-DR on monocytes was analyzed in the peripheral blood and mini-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells by flow cytometry. Twenty-seven patients with septic shock were enrolled into the study. The fluorescence intensity of HLA-DR on circulating monocytes was 3.5-fold lower than on the pulmonary monocytes (). The expression of CD64 on circulating and airway neutrophils was similar (). Only the expression of CD64 on circulating neutrophils was higher in nonsurvivors versus survivors (2.8-fold; ). Pulmonary monocytes display a higher level of HLA-DR activation compared to peripheral blood monocytes but the expression of neutrophil CD64 is similar on lung and circulating cells. Death in septic patients was effectively predicted by neutrophil CD64 but not monocytic HLA-DR. Prognostic value of cellular activation markers in septic shock appears to strongly depend on their level of compartmentalization.

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Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders.

Silence and Voicing Accumulations in Italian Primary School Teachers With and Without Voice Disorders.

J Voice. 2016 Jun 14;

Authors: Bottalico P, Graetzer S, Astolfi A, Hunter EJ

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The relationship between the silence and voicing accumulations of primary school teachers and the teachers' clinical status was examined to determine whether more voicing accumulations and fewer silence accumulations were measured for the vocally unhealthy subjects than for the healthy subjects, which would imply more vocal loading and fewer short-term recovery moments.
METHODS: Twenty-six Italian primary school teachers were allocated by clinicians to three groups: (1) with organic voice disorders, (2) with subjectively mild organic alteration or functional voice symptoms, and (3) normal voice quality and physiology. Continuous silence and voicing periods were measured with the APM3200 during the teachers' 4-hour workdays. The accumulations were grouped into seven time intervals, ranging from 0.03-0.9 to 3.16-10 seconds, according to Italian prosody. The effects of group on silence and voicing accumulations were evaluated.
RESULTS: Regarding silence accumulations, Group 1 accumulated higher values in intervals between 0.1 and 3.15 seconds than other groups, whereas Groups 2 and 3 did not differ from each other. Voicing accumulations between 0.17 and 3.15 seconds were higher for subjects with a structural disorder. A higher time dose was accumulated by these subjects (40.6%) than other subjects (Group 2, 31.9%; Group 3, 32.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: Although previous research has suggested that a rest period of a few seconds may produce some vocal fatigue recovery, these results indicate that periods shorter than 3.16 seconds may not have an observable effect on recovery. The results provide insight into how vocal fatigue and vocal recovery may relate to voice disorders in occupational voice users.

PMID: 27316793 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Articulation handicap index: an instrument for quantifying psychosocial consequences of impaired articulation.

Articulation handicap index: an instrument for quantifying psychosocial consequences of impaired articulation.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Keilmann A, Konerding U, Oberherr C, Nawka T

Abstract
Structural, neurological and muscular diseases can lead to impairments of articulation. These impairments can severely impact social life. To judge health status comprehensively, this impact must be adequately quantified. For this purpose, the articulation handicap index (AHI) has been developed. Psychometric analyses referring to this index are presented here. The AHI was completed by 113 patients who had undergone treatment of tumours of the head or neck. The patients also gave a general self-assessment of their impairments due to articulation problems. Furthermore, tumour size, tumour location and kind of therapy were recorded. Missing data were analysed and replaced by multiple imputation. Internal structure was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA); reliability using Cronbach's alpha. Validity was investigated by analysing the relationship between AHI and general self-assessment of impairments. Moreover, the relationships with tumour size, tumour location and kind of therapy were analysed. Only 0.12 % of the answers to the AHI were missing. The Scree test performed with the PCA results suggested one-dimensionality with the first component explaining 49.6 % of the item variance. Cronbach's alpha was 0.96. Kendall's tau between the AHI sum score and the general self-assessment was 0.69. The intervals of AHI sum scores for the self-assessment categories were determined with 0-13 for no, 14-44 for mild, 46-76 for moderate, and 77-120 for severe impairment. The AHI sum score did not systematically relate to tumour size, tumour location or kind of therapy. The results are evidence for high acceptance, reliability and validity.

PMID: 27317563 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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A novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery: bilateral axillary approach (BAA).

A novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery: bilateral axillary approach (BAA).

Surg Endosc. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Woo JW, Kim SK, Park I, Choe JH, Kim JH, Kim JS

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy (RT) is proven to be a feasible method for the treatment of well-differentiated thyroid cancers in terms of oncology as well as cosmesis. However, BABA RT causes postoperative sternal discomfort and needs an incision over the nipple areolar area. Here, we suggest a novel robotic surgical technique for thyroid surgery that does not need a breast incision-bilateral axillary approach (BAA).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited 51 patients who were willing to undergo the novel BAA robotic thyroid surgery. We performed a propensity score-matched analysis to compare the BAA robotic thyroid surgery group (BAA group) with the conventional open thyroid surgery group (open group).
RESULTS: Mean operation time in the BAA group (129.7 min) was significantly longer than that in the open group (103.1 min) (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences in the mean number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), mean number of retrieved LNs, vocal cord palsy, hypoparathyroidism, and mean stimulated thyroglobulin level were observed between the two groups. There was no case of postoperative bleeding or chyle leak. Of the 51 patients who had undergone the BAA procedure, 27 patients answered the questionnaire. The mean scale, ranging from 0 to 10, at postoperative 1 day/2 weeks was as follows: voice change score, 3.0/1.6; swallowing difficulty score, 4.0/2.0; anterior neck pain score, 4.6/3.6; anterior neck numbness score, 5.4/4.3; right chest pain score, 3.8/2.1; left chest pain score, 3.6/2.3; right chest numbness score, 3.2/2.8; left chest numbness score, 2.4/2.7; right breast pain score, 0.9/0; left breast pain score, 1.2/0; right breast numbness score, 1.7/0; and left breast numbness score, 2.6/0, respectively.
CONCLUSION: BAA robotic thyroid surgery is a novel, safe, and feasible oncoplastic method, especially for patients who have fear of procedures around the nipple areolar complex.

PMID: 27317039 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Extracellular matrix for vocal fold lamina propria replacement: A review.

Extracellular matrix for vocal fold lamina propria replacement: A review.

Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Wrona EA, Peng R, Amin MR, Branski R, Freytes DO

Abstract
The vocal folds (VFs) are exposed to a number of injurious stimuli that frequently lead to aberrant structural alterations and altered biomechanical properties that clinically manifest as voice disorders. Therapies to restore both structure and function of this delicate tissue are ideal. However, such methods have not been adequately developed. Our group and others hypothesize that tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches, previously described for other tissue systems, hold significant promise for the VFs. In the current review, we explore the concept of tissue engineering as it relates to the VFs as well as recent studies employing both naturally- and synthetically-derived biomaterials, including those from laryngeal and non-laryngeal sources, in combination with stem cells for a tissue-engineered approach to VF repair.

PMID: 27316784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Temporal Bone Mucormycosis.

Temporal Bone Mucormycosis.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Katsantonis NG, Hunter JB, O'Connell BP, He J, Lewis JS, Wanna GB

Abstract
CASE DETAILS: We present a case of temporal bone mucormycosis in a 71-year-old female with diabetes mellitus who presented to the emergency department with facial nerve paresis, otorrhea, and contralateral hemiparesis. After undergoing a tympanomastoidectomy, the patient's pathology exhibited fungal hyphae consistent with mucormycosis.
DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, there have been 9 reported cases of temporal bone mucormycosis, 3 of which presented with facial nerve paresis, all with some subsequent improvement. In this case, facial paralysis persisted at the time of last follow-up (2 months) despite surgery and intravenous antifungals. We also review and summarize the temporal bone mucormycosis literature.
CONCLUSION: Temporal bone mucormycosis is a rare and morbid infectious disease, though its outcomes appear to be different for patients who present with isolated temporal bone disease as compared to those individuals who develop temporal bone mucormycosis secondary to a rhinologic source.

PMID: 27317314 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome During Combined Modality Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome During Combined Modality Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Wakasaki T, Gotoh S, Tomonobe E, Mihara T, Fukushima J

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare and acute disease with central nervous system symptoms. Without appropriate therapy, patients may exhibit a poor prognosis. PRES should be recognized as a possible problem during therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
METHODS: A 56-year-old female developed PRES during combined modality therapy for HNSCC. On the fourth day after surgery and following chemoradiotherapy, PRES developed with a sudden visual disorder, followed by headache located at the back of the head and convulsions accompanied by impaired consciousness. We diagnosed PRES based on the clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging data.
RESULTS: The patient recovered from PRES by appropriate treatment.
CONCLUSION: This is the first case report of PRES developed during treatment for HNSCC. Masked by other cerebrovascular disorders, more cases of PRES could exist than usually expected; therefore, we should consider PRES as a differential diagnosis for central nervous system disorders developing during high-intensity therapy.

PMID: 27317313 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Book Review: Robotic Head and Neck Surgery: The Essential Guide.

Book Review: Robotic Head and Neck Surgery: The Essential Guide.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 Jun 16;

Authors: Choi KY

PMID: 27317312 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Euthyroid Nodular Goiter Patients.

Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Euthyroid Nodular Goiter Patients.

Thyroid. 2016 Jun 17;

Authors: Kornelius E, Chiou CY, Yang YS, Lo SC, Peng CH, Lai YR, Huang CN

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The risks of thyroid dysfunction after iodinated contrast media exposure in patients with euthyroid nodular goiter are largely unknown.
METHODS: This observational, retrospective cohort study included a random selection of 1 million people in Taiwan. All patients with iodinated contrast media exposure during this study period were selected. Patients with euthyroid nodular goiter were identified as cases, while patients without thyroid nodule were selected as controls. We followed these patients until the first event of thyroid dysfunction including hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism after iodinated contrast media exposure.
RESULTS: A total of 334 cases and 2,672 matched controls were selected in this study. The mean age of cases and controls were 58.6 and 58.4 years old, and mean follow-up durations were 2.1 and 2 years, respectively. After adjustment, patients with euthyroid nodular goiter had higher risk of thyroid dysfunction (HR 5.43, 95% CI 3.01-9.80) compared with controls after iodinated contrast media exposure. In the subgroup analysis, the risks of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in cases compared with controls were 5.77 (95% CI 2.64-12.62) and 4.95 (95% CI 2.15-11.40), respectively. Half of the euthyroid nodular goiter cases developed thyroid dysfunction within one year after iodinated contrast media exposure. Interestingly, all thyroid-related comorbidities and drug prescriptions did not increase the risk of thyroid dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: Presence of euthyroid nodular goiter was associated with higher risk of thyroid dysfunction, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism after iodinated contrast media exposure.

PMID: 27315873 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Wen HT, de Oliveira E

PMID: 27318320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Latin America Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Wen HT, de Oliveira E

PMID: 27318320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Timurkaynak E

PMID: 27318319 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Chinese Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Chinese Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Tong X

PMID: 27318318 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton & The University of Florida.

Rhoton & The University of Florida.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Day AL, Blackburn S

PMID: 27318317 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton & The University of Florida.

Rhoton & The University of Florida.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Day AL, Blackburn S

PMID: 27318317 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

Dr. Rhoton and His Influence in Turkish Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Timurkaynak E

PMID: 27318319 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton and His Influence in Chinese Neurosurgery.

Rhoton and His Influence in Chinese Neurosurgery.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Tong X

PMID: 27318318 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Prof. Albert L. Rhoton Jr: Life and Legacy.

Prof. Albert L. Rhoton Jr: Life and Legacy.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Fernandez-Miranda JC

PMID: 27318315 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton & The United States.

Rhoton & The United States.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Robertson JH

PMID: 27318316 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Rhoton & The United States.

Rhoton & The United States.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Jun 15;

Authors: Robertson JH

PMID: 27318316 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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