Diverse and Targetable Gene Rearrangements in Cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and other molecularly heterogeneous malignancies present a significant clinical challenge due to a lack of high-frequency "driver" alterations amenable to therapeutic intervention. These cancers often exhibit genomic instability, resulting in chromosomal rearrangements that impact the structure and expression of protein-coding genes. However, identification of these rearrangements remains technically challenging. Using a newly developed approach that quantitatively predicts gene rearrangements in tumor-derived genetic material, we identified and characterized a novel oncogenic fusion involving the MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MERTK) and discovered a clinical occurrence and cell line model of the targetable FGFR3-TACC3 fusion in TNBC. Expanding our analysis to other malignancies, we identified a diverse array of novel and known hybrid transcripts, including rearrangements between non-coding regions and clinically relevant genes such as ALK, CSF1R, and CD274/PD-L1. The over 1000 genetic alterations we identified highlight the importance of considering non-coding gene rearrangement partners, and the targetable gene fusions identified in TNBC demonstrate the need to advance gene fusion detection for molecularly heterogeneous cancers.

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Metastasis suppression by E6AP

Metastatic disease is the major cause of breast cancer related death and despite many advances, current therapies are rarely curative. Tumor cell migration and invasion require actin cytoskeletal reorganisation to endow cells with capacity to disseminate and initiate the formation of secondary tumors. However, it is still unclear how these migratory cells colonise distant tissues to form macrometastases. The E6-associated protein, E6AP, acts both as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and as a coactivator of steroid hormone receptors. We report that E6AP suppresses breast cancer invasiveness, colonisation and metastasis in mice, and in breast cancer patients, loss of E6AP associates with poor prognosis, particularly for basal breast cancer. E6AP regulates actin cytoskeletal remodelling via regulation of Rho-GTPases, acting as a negative regulator of ECT2, a GEF required for activation of Rho-GTPases. E6AP promotes ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of ECT2 for which high expression predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. We conclude that E6AP suppresses breast cancer metastasis by regulating actin cytoskeleton remodelling through the control of ECT2 and Rho-GTPase activity. These findings establish E6AP as a novel suppressor of metastasis and provide a compelling rationale for inhibition of ECT2 as a therapeutic approach for patients with metastatic breast cancer.

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telomerase activity in pancreatic cyst fluid

Purpose: Pancreatic cysts frequently pose clinical dilemmas. On one hand, cysts with high-grade dysplasia offer opportunities for cure, on the other hand, those with low-grade dysplasia are easily over treated. Cyst fluid markers have the potential to improve the evaluation of these cysts. Since telomerase activity is commonly activated in malignant cells, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of cyst fluid telomerase activity measurements for predicting histologic grade. Experimental design: Telomerase activity was measured using telomerase repeat amplification with digital-droplet PCR in surgically-aspirated cyst fluid samples from 219 patients who underwent pancreatic resection for a cystic lesion (184, discovery, 35 validation) and 36 patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration. Methodological and clinical factors associated with telomerase activity were examined. Results: Telomerase activity was reduced in samples that had undergone prior thawing. Among 119 samples not previously thawed, surgical cyst fluids from cystic neoplasms with high-grade dysplasia +/- associated invasive cancer had higher telomerase activity (median [interquartile range], 1158 [295.9-13033] copies/μL of cyst fluid than those without (19.74 [2.58-233.6] copies/μL) (P < 0.001). Elevated cyst fluid telomerase activity had a diagnostic accuracy for invasive cancer/high-grade dysplasia of 88.1% (discovery), 88.6% (validation), and 88.2% (merged). Among cysts classified preoperatively as having "worrisome features", cyst fluid telomerase activity had high diagnostic performance (sensitivity 73.7%, specificity 90.6%, accuracy, 86.1%). In multivariate analysis, telomerase activity independently predicted the presence of invasive cancer/high-grade dysplasia. Conclusion: Cyst fluid telomerase activity can be a useful predictor of the neoplastic grade of pancreatic cysts.

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Breast Cancer Integrative Oncology Care and Its Costs

Background. Naturopathic oncology in conjunction with conventional treatment is commonly referred to as integrative oncology (IO). Clinics directed by oncology board certified NDs (Fellows of the American Board of Naturopathic Oncology or FABNOs) provide high-quality data for describing IO therapies, their costs and measuring clinical outcomes. Purpose. To describe the types of IO therapies prescribed to breast cancer patients by ND FABNO physicians. Study participants (n = 324). Women who sought care at 1 of 6 naturopathic oncology clinics in Washington State were asked to enroll in a prospective 5 year observational outcomes study. Methods. Medical records were abstracted to collect treatment recommendations and cost data. Results. More than 72 oral or topical, nutritional, botanical, fungal and bacterial-based medicines were prescribed to the cohort during their first year of IO care. Trametes versicolor was prescribed to 63% of the women. Mind-body therapy was recommended to 45% of patients, and 49% received acupuncture. Also, 26% were prescribed injectable therapy, including mistletoe, vitamin B complex (12%), IV ascorbate (12%), IV artesunate (7%), and IV nutrition and hydration (4%). Costs ranged from $1594/year for early-stage breast cancer to $6200/year for stage 4 breast cancer patients. Of the total amount billed for IO care for 1 year for breast cancer patients, 21% was out-of-pocket. Conclusions. IO care for women with breast cancer consists of botanical and mushroom oral therapies, parenteral botanical and nutrient therapy, mind-body medicine and acupuncture. IO clinic visits and acupuncture are partially paid for by medical insurance companies.

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The Antimetastatic and Antiangiogenesis Effects of Kefir Water on Murine Breast Cancer Cells

Background. Kefir is a unique cultured product that contains beneficial probiotics. Kefir culture from other parts of the world exhibits numerous beneficial qualities such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, and anticancer effects. Nevertheless, kefir cultures from different parts of the world exert different effects because of variation in culture conditions and media. Breast cancer is the leading cancer in women, and metastasis is the major cause of death associated with breast cancer. The antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects of kefir water made from kefir grains cultured in Malaysia were studied in 4T1 breast cancer cells. Methods. 4T1 cancer cells were treated with kefir water in vitro to assess its antimigration and anti-invasion effects. BALB/c mice were injected with 4T1 cancer cells and treated orally with kefir water for 28 days. Results. Kefir water was cytotoxic toward 4T1 cells at IC₅₀ (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) of 12.5 and 8.33 mg/mL for 48 and 72 hours, respectively. A significant reduction in tumor size and weight (0.9132 ± 0.219 g) and a substantial increase in helper T cells (5-fold) and cytotoxic T cells (7-fold) were observed in the kefir water–treated group. Proinflammatory and proangiogenic markers were significantly reduced in the kefir water–treated group. Conclusions. Kefir water inhibited tumor proliferation in vitro and in vivo mainly through cancer cell apoptosis, immunomodulation by stimulating T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells, and anti-inflammatory, antimetastatic, and antiangiogenesis effects. This study brought out the potential of the probiotic beverage kefir water in cancer treatment.

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A pilot trial of FLOT neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Docetaxel is active in esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma, and DCF (docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil) has shown good results in the neoadjuvant setting. Its high rate of grade 3–4 mucosal toxicity (stomatitis and diarrhea) has limited its widespread adoption. A more recent docetaxel-based triplet, FLOT (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and docetaxel) may be better tolerated. We conducted a pilot study of FLOT chemotherapy in EGJ adenocarcinoma patients and dysphagia to prospectively assess the rate of grade 3–4 mucosal toxicity and of pathological complete response (pCR) rate. Dysphagia and quality of life were measured with validated questionnaires. Ten patients were enrolled. Grade 3–4 mucosal toxicity rate was 0 %; pCR rate was 11 %; and near-complete pathological response rate 11 %. Dysphagia improvement or resolution was seen in 90 % of patients, and quality of life was stable before and after chemotherapy. FLOT is a safe and active neoadjuvant chemotherapy option for EGJ adenocarcinoma and should be compared to other standard regimens in randomized trials.

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A look inside the mechanistic black box: Are red blood cells the critical effectors of RRx-001 cytotoxicity?

Abstract

The therapeutic potential of epi-immunotherapeutic anticancer agent RRx-001 in cancer has been validated with preclinical and clinical studies, since RRx-001 has successfully completed a phase 1 trial and multiple single-agent and combination phase 2 trials with preliminary evidence of promising activity are underway. Previous experimental work has implicated diverse anticancer mechanisms such as oxidative stress, ATP and NADPH depletion, anti-angiogenesis and epigenetic modulation in the overall antitumor effect of RRx-001. The hypothesis of this study was that the RRx-001 red blood cells are the essential and de facto intermediaries responsible for the reprograming of tumor behavior via transfer of their intracellular and membrane contents. To test this hypothesis, and thereby resolve the "black box" incompleteness in the continuity of the mechanism, the fate of red blood cells incubated with RRx-001 was explored in vitro and in vivo both in healthy animals and in tumor-bearing mice. The collective results establish that RRx-001-derivatized red blood cells are the critical "missing links" to explain the specificity and anticancer activity of RRx-001, including its immunomodulatory effects on tumor-associated macrophages. These experimental results delineate a novel erythrocyte-based mechanism without precedent in the annals of oncology and open the door to rational combination strategies with RRx-001 both in cancer therapy and beyond, particularly in disease states that affect red blood cell and vascular function such as malaria, leishmaniasis, sickle-cell disease and hemorrhagic shock.

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Hawaii natural compounds are promising to reduce ovarian cancer deaths

10.1080/15384047.2016.1178428<br/>David J. Fei-Zhang

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Εγκεφαλικά τραύματα και ορμόνες

Τα εγκεφαλικά τραύματα ή κρανιοκακώσεις αποτελούν μία καθημερινότητα στην κλινική ρουτίνα, ιδιαίτερα του νοσοκομείου.

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Cryptogenic Stroke

Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the author's clinical recommendations. Stage. After a gym…

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Repressing Immunity in Autoimmune Disease

Central tolerance is a process mediated in the thymus and bone marrow, in which autoreactive, potentially pathogenic T cells and B cells, respectively, are eliminated during ontogeny. However, this process is not foolproof; some autoreactive cells escape it. Additional regulatory mechanisms and…

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Audit of use of stiripentol in adults with Dravet syndrome

Objectives

There are very few data available in the literature on the use of stiripentol in adults with Dravet syndrome (DS). DS cases are increasingly recognized in adulthood, and more children with DS now survive to adulthood. The aim of the study was to document the effectiveness and tolerability of stiripentol in adults with DS.

Material and methods

We conducted an observational clinical audit in the epilepsy service of the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London (UK).

Results

We included 13 adult subjects with DS (eight females, five males). The responder (defined as more than 50% reduction in all seizure types) rate was 3/13 (23%) at 36 months. The following other outcomes were reported: seizure exacerbation (3/13, 23%), no change (3/13, 23%), less than 50% reduction in seizures (2/13, 15%), more than 50% reduction in generalized tonic-clonic seizures but no other seizure types (1/13, 8%), undefined response (1/13, 8%). The retention rate was 62% after 1 year and 31% after 5 years. Adverse effects were reported in 7/13 (54%): the most frequent were anorexia, weight loss, unsteadiness and tiredness. Withdrawal due to adverse effects occurred in 3/13 (23%).

Conclusions

Compared with previous studies on children with DS, our results show a lower responder rate and a similar tolerability profile. Stiripentol can be effective with a good tolerability profile. Our audit is small, but supports the use of stiripentol in adults with DS when first-line treatments are ineffective or not tolerated, in keeping with published guidelines.

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Clinical Verification of Ear Level FM Systems: Classroom & Personal Use Applications

Dave Smriga: In today's course, we'll explore how Audioscan equipment easily facilitates the execution of the most current recommended FM verification procedures. In addition, we'll discuss how you can use these procedures for both FM system verification and verification of remote microphone technology. Although we will be depicting the various test procedures included in today's webinar with images created using the Verifit2 hearing instrument fitting system, the same tests can be performed with the original Verifit system.

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The Ponto Bone Anchored System: The Right Choice for Pediatrics

Today, I will begin with the fundamentals of bone anchored technology including an overview of osseointegration, and that will give us the foundation to discuss patient candidacy as well as surgical and fitting considerations. I will review Ponto practicalities, such as how the processor was designed to be durable and reliable – which is especially important when we fit children. I will talk about the signal processing in the Ponto processors and present evidence that supports how it benefits our youngest bone anchored patients. When fitting children with amplification, what is the goal?

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Higher Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide, Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein, and Other Inflammatory Markers in Obesity and After Bariatric Surgery

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Gene-based analysis identified the gene ZNF248 is associated with late-onset asthma in African Americans

Publication date: Available online 27 May 2016
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Leyao Wang, Yasmmyn D. Salinas, Andrew T. DeWan
BackgroundLate-onset asthma (LOA) has distinct characteristics and its pathogenesis might rely on unique pathways. Although current studies are focused primarily on childhood asthma, more research is needed to show the mechanisms underlying LOA.ObjectiveTo conduct genomewide association analysis and gene-based analysis to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms and genes associated with LOA.MethodsThe Women's Health Initiative (WHI) observational cohort and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were used to identify subjects with LOA. The association between LOA and body mass index and smoking was evaluated. In the discovery stage of the genetic analysis, 1,218 African American subjects from WHI with genotype data (271 cases and 947 controls) were used for single-nucleotide polymorphism and gene-based association analyses. Significant or suggestive results were subsequently investigated in an independent African American population from MESA (38 cases and 806 controls).ResultsIn WHI, the relative odds for LOA in obese vs normal-weight subjects was 2.55 (95% confidence interval 1.74–3.76). Ever smokers also had greater odds for LOA compared with never smokers (odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.21–2.09). The same trends were observed in MESA. In WHI, 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with LOA at a genomewide-suggestive significance level (P < 1.0 × 10⁻⁵). The gene ZNF248 was associated with LOA and reached genomewide significance (P = 4.0 × 10⁻⁷). In MESA, the association between ZNF248 and LOA was successfully replicated (P = .015).ConclusionSmoking and obesity are risk factors for LOA. ZNF248 confers increased susceptibility to LOA in African Americans.



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Sensitization to mouse and cockroach allergens and asthma morbidity in urban minority youth

Publication date: Available online 27 May 2016
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Anna B. Fishbein, Todd A. Lee, Miao Cai, Sam S. Oh, Celeste Eng, Donglei Hu, Scott Huntsman, Harold J. Farber, Denise Serebrisky, Jonathan Silverberg, L. Keoki Williams, Max A. Seibold, Saunak Sen, Luisa N. Borrell, Pedro Avila, William Rodriguez-Cintron, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Esteban G. Burchard, Rajesh Kumar
BackgroundPest allergen sensitization is associated with asthma morbidity in urban youth but minimally explored in Latino populations. Specifically, the effect of mouse sensitization on the risk of asthma exacerbation has been unexplored in Latino subgroups.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether pest allergen sensitization is a predictor of asthma exacerbations and poor asthma control in urban minority children with asthma.MethodsLatino and African American children (8–21 years old) with asthma were recruited from 4 sites across the United States. Logistic regression models evaluated the association of mouse or cockroach sensitization with asthma-related acute care visits or hospitalizations.ResultsA total of 1,992 children with asthma in the Genes-environments and Admixture in Latino American (GALA-II) and Study of African-Americans, Asthma, Genes, and Environments (SAGE-II) cohorts were studied. Asthmatic children from New York had the highest rate of pest allergen sensitization (42% mouse, 56% cockroach), with the lowest rate in San Francisco (4% mouse, 8% cockroach). Mouse sensitization, more than cockroach, was associated with increased odds of acute care visits (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.47; 95% CI, 1.07–2.03) or hospitalizations (aOR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.81–5.18), even after controlling for self-reported race and site of recruitment. In stratified analyses, Mexican youth sensitized to mouse allergen did not have higher odds of asthma exacerbation. Other Latino and Puerto Rican youth sensitized to mouse had higher odds of hospitalization for asthma (aORs, 4.57 [95% CI, 1.86–11.22] and 10.01 [95% CI, 1.77–56.6], respectively) but not emergency department visits.ConclusionPest allergen sensitization is associated with a higher odds of asthma exacerbations in urban minority youth. Puerto Rican and Other Latino youth sensitized to mouse were more likely to have asthma-related hospitalizations than Mexican youth.



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Detection of pan-allergens in commercial pollen extracts for allergen immunotherapy

Publication date: Available online 27 May 2016
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Riccardo Asero, Gianni Mistrello, Stefano Amato
BackgroundUp to 50% of patients with pollen allergy are sensitized to at least 1 of the 2 pollen pan-allergens profilin and polcalcin. These allergens could have clinical relevance but the content of profilin and polcalcin in commercial extracts for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is unknown.ObjectiveTo detect these pan-allergens in commercial pollen extracts for AIT from various sources.MethodsImmunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity to Phl p 7 and Bet v 2 of sera from 18 adults hypersensitive to profilin and/or polcalcin was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after absorption with grass, birch, ragweed, pellitory, and olive pollen extracts for AIT from different producers. Immunoblot inhibition experiments also were carried out using the same allergens.ResultsBirch, grass, ragweed, and olive pollen extracts for AIT contained large amounts of profilin, inducing 80% to 90% inhibition in most cases; Parietaria AIT extract appeared to contain little profilin. On immunoblot, grass and birch pollen extracts for sublingual AIT completely absorbed IgE specific for rBet v 2. Interestingly, only grass pollen extracts induced a significant inhibition of IgE binding to rPhl p 7 on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot. A grass pollen allergoid lost most of its inhibitory potency, suggesting a much weakened affinity for specific IgE.ConclusionWith the exception of Parietaria, commercial extracts for AIT of most pollens are rich in profilin and, hence, potentially able to desensitize to this allergen; in contrast, only grass pollen extracts seem rich in polcalcin. These are the pollens to use in case of severe symptoms induced by pollen pan-allergens.



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Low-Level Laser Therapy (780 nm) on VEGF Modulation at Partially Injured Achilles Tendon

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Diverse and Targetable Gene Rearrangements in Cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and other molecularly heterogeneous malignancies present a significant clinical challenge due to a lack of high-frequency "driver" alterations amenable to therapeutic intervention. These cancers often exhibit genomic instability, resulting in chromosomal rearrangements that impact the structure and expression of protein-coding genes. However, identification of these rearrangements remains technically challenging. Using a newly developed approach that quantitatively predicts gene rearrangements in tumor-derived genetic material, we identified and characterized a novel oncogenic fusion involving the MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MERTK) and discovered a clinical occurrence and cell line model of the targetable FGFR3-TACC3 fusion in TNBC. Expanding our analysis to other malignancies, we identified a diverse array of novel and known hybrid transcripts, including rearrangements between non-coding regions and clinically relevant genes such as ALK, CSF1R, and CD274/PD-L1. The over 1000 genetic alterations we identified highlight the importance of considering non-coding gene rearrangement partners, and the targetable gene fusions identified in TNBC demonstrate the need to advance gene fusion detection for molecularly heterogeneous cancers.

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Metastasis suppression by E6AP

Metastatic disease is the major cause of breast cancer related death and despite many advances, current therapies are rarely curative. Tumor cell migration and invasion require actin cytoskeletal reorganisation to endow cells with capacity to disseminate and initiate the formation of secondary tumors. However, it is still unclear how these migratory cells colonise distant tissues to form macrometastases. The E6-associated protein, E6AP, acts both as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and as a coactivator of steroid hormone receptors. We report that E6AP suppresses breast cancer invasiveness, colonisation and metastasis in mice, and in breast cancer patients, loss of E6AP associates with poor prognosis, particularly for basal breast cancer. E6AP regulates actin cytoskeletal remodelling via regulation of Rho-GTPases, acting as a negative regulator of ECT2, a GEF required for activation of Rho-GTPases. E6AP promotes ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of ECT2 for which high expression predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. We conclude that E6AP suppresses breast cancer metastasis by regulating actin cytoskeleton remodelling through the control of ECT2 and Rho-GTPase activity. These findings establish E6AP as a novel suppressor of metastasis and provide a compelling rationale for inhibition of ECT2 as a therapeutic approach for patients with metastatic breast cancer.

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telomerase activity in pancreatic cyst fluid

Purpose: Pancreatic cysts frequently pose clinical dilemmas. On one hand, cysts with high-grade dysplasia offer opportunities for cure, on the other hand, those with low-grade dysplasia are easily over treated. Cyst fluid markers have the potential to improve the evaluation of these cysts. Since telomerase activity is commonly activated in malignant cells, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of cyst fluid telomerase activity measurements for predicting histologic grade. Experimental design: Telomerase activity was measured using telomerase repeat amplification with digital-droplet PCR in surgically-aspirated cyst fluid samples from 219 patients who underwent pancreatic resection for a cystic lesion (184, discovery, 35 validation) and 36 patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration. Methodological and clinical factors associated with telomerase activity were examined. Results: Telomerase activity was reduced in samples that had undergone prior thawing. Among 119 samples not previously thawed, surgical cyst fluids from cystic neoplasms with high-grade dysplasia +/- associated invasive cancer had higher telomerase activity (median [interquartile range], 1158 [295.9-13033] copies/μL of cyst fluid than those without (19.74 [2.58-233.6] copies/μL) (P < 0.001). Elevated cyst fluid telomerase activity had a diagnostic accuracy for invasive cancer/high-grade dysplasia of 88.1% (discovery), 88.6% (validation), and 88.2% (merged). Among cysts classified preoperatively as having "worrisome features", cyst fluid telomerase activity had high diagnostic performance (sensitivity 73.7%, specificity 90.6%, accuracy, 86.1%). In multivariate analysis, telomerase activity independently predicted the presence of invasive cancer/high-grade dysplasia. Conclusion: Cyst fluid telomerase activity can be a useful predictor of the neoplastic grade of pancreatic cysts.

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Breast Cancer Integrative Oncology Care and Its Costs

Background. Naturopathic oncology in conjunction with conventional treatment is commonly referred to as integrative oncology (IO). Clinics directed by oncology board certified NDs (Fellows of the American Board of Naturopathic Oncology or FABNOs) provide high-quality data for describing IO therapies, their costs and measuring clinical outcomes. Purpose. To describe the types of IO therapies prescribed to breast cancer patients by ND FABNO physicians. Study participants (n = 324). Women who sought care at 1 of 6 naturopathic oncology clinics in Washington State were asked to enroll in a prospective 5 year observational outcomes study. Methods. Medical records were abstracted to collect treatment recommendations and cost data. Results. More than 72 oral or topical, nutritional, botanical, fungal and bacterial-based medicines were prescribed to the cohort during their first year of IO care. Trametes versicolor was prescribed to 63% of the women. Mind-body therapy was recommended to 45% of patients, and 49% received acupuncture. Also, 26% were prescribed injectable therapy, including mistletoe, vitamin B complex (12%), IV ascorbate (12%), IV artesunate (7%), and IV nutrition and hydration (4%). Costs ranged from $1594/year for early-stage breast cancer to $6200/year for stage 4 breast cancer patients. Of the total amount billed for IO care for 1 year for breast cancer patients, 21% was out-of-pocket. Conclusions. IO care for women with breast cancer consists of botanical and mushroom oral therapies, parenteral botanical and nutrient therapy, mind-body medicine and acupuncture. IO clinic visits and acupuncture are partially paid for by medical insurance companies.

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The Antimetastatic and Antiangiogenesis Effects of Kefir Water on Murine Breast Cancer Cells

Background. Kefir is a unique cultured product that contains beneficial probiotics. Kefir culture from other parts of the world exhibits numerous beneficial qualities such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, and anticancer effects. Nevertheless, kefir cultures from different parts of the world exert different effects because of variation in culture conditions and media. Breast cancer is the leading cancer in women, and metastasis is the major cause of death associated with breast cancer. The antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects of kefir water made from kefir grains cultured in Malaysia were studied in 4T1 breast cancer cells. Methods. 4T1 cancer cells were treated with kefir water in vitro to assess its antimigration and anti-invasion effects. BALB/c mice were injected with 4T1 cancer cells and treated orally with kefir water for 28 days. Results. Kefir water was cytotoxic toward 4T1 cells at IC₅₀ (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) of 12.5 and 8.33 mg/mL for 48 and 72 hours, respectively. A significant reduction in tumor size and weight (0.9132 ± 0.219 g) and a substantial increase in helper T cells (5-fold) and cytotoxic T cells (7-fold) were observed in the kefir water–treated group. Proinflammatory and proangiogenic markers were significantly reduced in the kefir water–treated group. Conclusions. Kefir water inhibited tumor proliferation in vitro and in vivo mainly through cancer cell apoptosis, immunomodulation by stimulating T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells, and anti-inflammatory, antimetastatic, and antiangiogenesis effects. This study brought out the potential of the probiotic beverage kefir water in cancer treatment.

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A pilot trial of FLOT neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Docetaxel is active in esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma, and DCF (docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil) has shown good results in the neoadjuvant setting. Its high rate of grade 3–4 mucosal toxicity (stomatitis and diarrhea) has limited its widespread adoption. A more recent docetaxel-based triplet, FLOT (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and docetaxel) may be better tolerated. We conducted a pilot study of FLOT chemotherapy in EGJ adenocarcinoma patients and dysphagia to prospectively assess the rate of grade 3–4 mucosal toxicity and of pathological complete response (pCR) rate. Dysphagia and quality of life were measured with validated questionnaires. Ten patients were enrolled. Grade 3–4 mucosal toxicity rate was 0 %; pCR rate was 11 %; and near-complete pathological response rate 11 %. Dysphagia improvement or resolution was seen in 90 % of patients, and quality of life was stable before and after chemotherapy. FLOT is a safe and active neoadjuvant chemotherapy option for EGJ adenocarcinoma and should be compared to other standard regimens in randomized trials.

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A look inside the mechanistic black box: Are red blood cells the critical effectors of RRx-001 cytotoxicity?

Abstract

The therapeutic potential of epi-immunotherapeutic anticancer agent RRx-001 in cancer has been validated with preclinical and clinical studies, since RRx-001 has successfully completed a phase 1 trial and multiple single-agent and combination phase 2 trials with preliminary evidence of promising activity are underway. Previous experimental work has implicated diverse anticancer mechanisms such as oxidative stress, ATP and NADPH depletion, anti-angiogenesis and epigenetic modulation in the overall antitumor effect of RRx-001. The hypothesis of this study was that the RRx-001 red blood cells are the essential and de facto intermediaries responsible for the reprograming of tumor behavior via transfer of their intracellular and membrane contents. To test this hypothesis, and thereby resolve the "black box" incompleteness in the continuity of the mechanism, the fate of red blood cells incubated with RRx-001 was explored in vitro and in vivo both in healthy animals and in tumor-bearing mice. The collective results establish that RRx-001-derivatized red blood cells are the critical "missing links" to explain the specificity and anticancer activity of RRx-001, including its immunomodulatory effects on tumor-associated macrophages. These experimental results delineate a novel erythrocyte-based mechanism without precedent in the annals of oncology and open the door to rational combination strategies with RRx-001 both in cancer therapy and beyond, particularly in disease states that affect red blood cell and vascular function such as malaria, leishmaniasis, sickle-cell disease and hemorrhagic shock.

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Hawaii natural compounds are promising to reduce ovarian cancer deaths

10.1080/15384047.2016.1178428<br/>David J. Fei-Zhang

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Εγκεφαλικά τραύματα και ορμόνες

Τα εγκεφαλικά τραύματα ή κρανιοκακώσεις αποτελούν μία καθημερινότητα στην κλινική ρουτίνα, ιδιαίτερα του νοσοκομείου.

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Cryptogenic Stroke

Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the author's clinical recommendations. Stage. After a gym…

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Repressing Immunity in Autoimmune Disease

Central tolerance is a process mediated in the thymus and bone marrow, in which autoreactive, potentially pathogenic T cells and B cells, respectively, are eliminated during ontogeny. However, this process is not foolproof; some autoreactive cells escape it. Additional regulatory mechanisms and…

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Audit of use of stiripentol in adults with Dravet syndrome

Objectives

There are very few data available in the literature on the use of stiripentol in adults with Dravet syndrome (DS). DS cases are increasingly recognized in adulthood, and more children with DS now survive to adulthood. The aim of the study was to document the effectiveness and tolerability of stiripentol in adults with DS.

Material and methods

We conducted an observational clinical audit in the epilepsy service of the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London (UK).

Results

We included 13 adult subjects with DS (eight females, five males). The responder (defined as more than 50% reduction in all seizure types) rate was 3/13 (23%) at 36 months. The following other outcomes were reported: seizure exacerbation (3/13, 23%), no change (3/13, 23%), less than 50% reduction in seizures (2/13, 15%), more than 50% reduction in generalized tonic-clonic seizures but no other seizure types (1/13, 8%), undefined response (1/13, 8%). The retention rate was 62% after 1 year and 31% after 5 years. Adverse effects were reported in 7/13 (54%): the most frequent were anorexia, weight loss, unsteadiness and tiredness. Withdrawal due to adverse effects occurred in 3/13 (23%).

Conclusions

Compared with previous studies on children with DS, our results show a lower responder rate and a similar tolerability profile. Stiripentol can be effective with a good tolerability profile. Our audit is small, but supports the use of stiripentol in adults with DS when first-line treatments are ineffective or not tolerated, in keeping with published guidelines.

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Clinical Verification of Ear Level FM Systems: Classroom & Personal Use Applications

Dave Smriga: In today's course, we'll explore how Audioscan equipment easily facilitates the execution of the most current recommended FM verification procedures. In addition, we'll discuss how you can use these procedures for both FM system verification and verification of remote microphone technology. Although we will be depicting the various test procedures included in today's webinar with images created using the Verifit2 hearing instrument fitting system, the same tests can be performed with the original Verifit system.

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The Ponto Bone Anchored System: The Right Choice for Pediatrics

Today, I will begin with the fundamentals of bone anchored technology including an overview of osseointegration, and that will give us the foundation to discuss patient candidacy as well as surgical and fitting considerations. I will review Ponto practicalities, such as how the processor was designed to be durable and reliable – which is especially important when we fit children. I will talk about the signal processing in the Ponto processors and present evidence that supports how it benefits our youngest bone anchored patients. When fitting children with amplification, what is the goal?

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Higher Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide, Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein, and Other Inflammatory Markers in Obesity and After Bariatric Surgery

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Gene-based analysis identified the gene ZNF248 is associated with late-onset asthma in African Americans

Publication date: Available online 27 May 2016
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Leyao Wang, Yasmmyn D. Salinas, Andrew T. DeWan
BackgroundLate-onset asthma (LOA) has distinct characteristics and its pathogenesis might rely on unique pathways. Although current studies are focused primarily on childhood asthma, more research is needed to show the mechanisms underlying LOA.ObjectiveTo conduct genomewide association analysis and gene-based analysis to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms and genes associated with LOA.MethodsThe Women's Health Initiative (WHI) observational cohort and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were used to identify subjects with LOA. The association between LOA and body mass index and smoking was evaluated. In the discovery stage of the genetic analysis, 1,218 African American subjects from WHI with genotype data (271 cases and 947 controls) were used for single-nucleotide polymorphism and gene-based association analyses. Significant or suggestive results were subsequently investigated in an independent African American population from MESA (38 cases and 806 controls).ResultsIn WHI, the relative odds for LOA in obese vs normal-weight subjects was 2.55 (95% confidence interval 1.74–3.76). Ever smokers also had greater odds for LOA compared with never smokers (odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.21–2.09). The same trends were observed in MESA. In WHI, 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with LOA at a genomewide-suggestive significance level (P < 1.0 × 10⁻⁵). The gene ZNF248 was associated with LOA and reached genomewide significance (P = 4.0 × 10⁻⁷). In MESA, the association between ZNF248 and LOA was successfully replicated (P = .015).ConclusionSmoking and obesity are risk factors for LOA. ZNF248 confers increased susceptibility to LOA in African Americans.



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Sensitization to mouse and cockroach allergens and asthma morbidity in urban minority youth

Publication date: Available online 27 May 2016
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Anna B. Fishbein, Todd A. Lee, Miao Cai, Sam S. Oh, Celeste Eng, Donglei Hu, Scott Huntsman, Harold J. Farber, Denise Serebrisky, Jonathan Silverberg, L. Keoki Williams, Max A. Seibold, Saunak Sen, Luisa N. Borrell, Pedro Avila, William Rodriguez-Cintron, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Esteban G. Burchard, Rajesh Kumar
BackgroundPest allergen sensitization is associated with asthma morbidity in urban youth but minimally explored in Latino populations. Specifically, the effect of mouse sensitization on the risk of asthma exacerbation has been unexplored in Latino subgroups.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether pest allergen sensitization is a predictor of asthma exacerbations and poor asthma control in urban minority children with asthma.MethodsLatino and African American children (8–21 years old) with asthma were recruited from 4 sites across the United States. Logistic regression models evaluated the association of mouse or cockroach sensitization with asthma-related acute care visits or hospitalizations.ResultsA total of 1,992 children with asthma in the Genes-environments and Admixture in Latino American (GALA-II) and Study of African-Americans, Asthma, Genes, and Environments (SAGE-II) cohorts were studied. Asthmatic children from New York had the highest rate of pest allergen sensitization (42% mouse, 56% cockroach), with the lowest rate in San Francisco (4% mouse, 8% cockroach). Mouse sensitization, more than cockroach, was associated with increased odds of acute care visits (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.47; 95% CI, 1.07–2.03) or hospitalizations (aOR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.81–5.18), even after controlling for self-reported race and site of recruitment. In stratified analyses, Mexican youth sensitized to mouse allergen did not have higher odds of asthma exacerbation. Other Latino and Puerto Rican youth sensitized to mouse had higher odds of hospitalization for asthma (aORs, 4.57 [95% CI, 1.86–11.22] and 10.01 [95% CI, 1.77–56.6], respectively) but not emergency department visits.ConclusionPest allergen sensitization is associated with a higher odds of asthma exacerbations in urban minority youth. Puerto Rican and Other Latino youth sensitized to mouse were more likely to have asthma-related hospitalizations than Mexican youth.



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Detection of pan-allergens in commercial pollen extracts for allergen immunotherapy

Publication date: Available online 27 May 2016
Source:Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
Author(s): Riccardo Asero, Gianni Mistrello, Stefano Amato
BackgroundUp to 50% of patients with pollen allergy are sensitized to at least 1 of the 2 pollen pan-allergens profilin and polcalcin. These allergens could have clinical relevance but the content of profilin and polcalcin in commercial extracts for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is unknown.ObjectiveTo detect these pan-allergens in commercial pollen extracts for AIT from various sources.MethodsImmunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity to Phl p 7 and Bet v 2 of sera from 18 adults hypersensitive to profilin and/or polcalcin was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after absorption with grass, birch, ragweed, pellitory, and olive pollen extracts for AIT from different producers. Immunoblot inhibition experiments also were carried out using the same allergens.ResultsBirch, grass, ragweed, and olive pollen extracts for AIT contained large amounts of profilin, inducing 80% to 90% inhibition in most cases; Parietaria AIT extract appeared to contain little profilin. On immunoblot, grass and birch pollen extracts for sublingual AIT completely absorbed IgE specific for rBet v 2. Interestingly, only grass pollen extracts induced a significant inhibition of IgE binding to rPhl p 7 on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot. A grass pollen allergoid lost most of its inhibitory potency, suggesting a much weakened affinity for specific IgE.ConclusionWith the exception of Parietaria, commercial extracts for AIT of most pollens are rich in profilin and, hence, potentially able to desensitize to this allergen; in contrast, only grass pollen extracts seem rich in polcalcin. These are the pollens to use in case of severe symptoms induced by pollen pan-allergens.



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Low-Level Laser Therapy (780 nm) on VEGF Modulation at Partially Injured Achilles Tendon

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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The Initial Exploration of Adamkiewicz Artery Computed Tomographic Angiography With Monochromatic Reconstruction of Gemstone Spectral Imaging.

Objective: The study aimed to explore whether optimal monochromatic reconstruction can improve the depiction of the Adamkiewicz artery (AKA) on gemstone spectral computed tomographic angiography (GSCTA) compared with the polychromatic reconstruction protocol. Methods: The prospective study was approved by the ethics committee, and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. The 58 consecutive patients suspected of aortic aneurysm or dissection underwent aortic GSCTA. All images were reconstructed with both polychromatic (group A) and optimal monochromatic (group B) protocol. The CT values of the descending aorta and muscle, background noise, and the contrast-to-noise ratio were measured and calculated. With the criterion standard display of AKA, characteristic hairpin curve sign, 2 blinded radiologists analyzed data independently with the paired samples t, [chi]2, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The CT value of the descending aorta and the contrast-to-noise ratio of group B were significantly superior to group A (t = 12.7, P

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A Liver Phantom Study: CT Radiation Dose Reduction and Different Image Reconstruction Algorithms Affect Diagnostic Quality.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether iterative reconstruction techniques for different dose levels and/or reduction of tube potential can increase liver lesion detectability. Methods: An anthropomorphic liver phantom was scanned at different dose levels (CTDIvol 15 mGy, 7.5 mGy, 5 mGy, and 2.6 mGy) and tube potential levels (120 kV, 100 kV, and 80 kV). Images were reconstructed with the following algorithms: filtered back projection (FBP), adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR) 40%, and a model-based iterative reconstruction (Veo). The presence or absence of lesions was assessed independently on a 4-point scale by 4 readers. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated. Results: Veo improved detectability of hyperdense liver lesions compared with both FBP and ASiR 40% at most dose levels (15 mGy, 7.5 mGy, and 5 mGy with P

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The efficacy and safety of either infliximab or adalimumab in 362 patients with anti-TNF-α naïve Crohn's disease

Summary

Background

TNFα antagonists, including infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA), have revolutionised treatment for Crohn's disease. Studies comparing efficacy in patients with Crohn's disease naïve to TNFα antagonists are lacking.

Aims & Methods

Consecutive TNFα antagonist-naïve patients with luminal or perianal Crohn's disease from four tertiary centres in Austria were assessed prospectively for induction and maintenance efficacy, and safety of either IFX or ADA.

Results

In a total of 362 patients, 251 (69.3%) started IFX and 111 (30.7%) started ADA. At baseline, the median Harvey–Bradshaw Index (HBI) score was 8 (range 5–29) and 8 (5–36), and the median C-reactive protein (CRP) was 1.07 (interquartile range (IQR) 1.36) mg/dL and 1.16 (IQR 1.23) mg/dL for IFX and ADA, respectively. At week 12, there was no difference between IFX and ADA among patients with luminal Crohn's disease in clinical remission (IFX 128/204; 62.7% vs. ADA 68/107; 63.6%, P = 0.47), clinical response (IFX 154/204; 75.5% vs. ADA 82/107; 76.6%, P = 0.82) and steroid-free remission (IFX 110/204; 53.9% vs. ADA 61/107; 57%, P = 0.60). At 12 months, there were similar numbers of patients treated with IFX and ADA who maintained clinical remission (IFX 77/154; 50.4% vs. ADA 47/82; 57.3%, P = 0.48) and steroid-free remission (IFX 68/154; 44.3% vs. ADA 44/82; 53.7%, P = 0.16). Baseline CRP >0.7 mg/dL (OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.07–0.77, P = 0.01) was the only predictor of clinical remission at 12 months in patients who did not have escalation of anti-TNFα therapy.

Conclusion

IFX and ADA appear comparable in clinical outcomes for patients with Crohn's disease who are naïve to TNFα antagonists.

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The Effect of Lipid Emulsion on Pharmacokinetics of Bupivacaine in Rats: Long-Chain Triglyceride Versus Long- and Medium-Chain Triglyceride.

BACKGROUND: Lipid infusions have been proposed to treat local anesthetic-induced cardiac toxicity. This study compared the effects of long-chain triglyceride (LCT) emulsions with those of long- and medium-chain triglyceride (LCT/MCT) emulsions on the pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine in a rat model. METHODS: After administration of intravenous infusion of bupivacaine at 2 mg[middle dot]kg-1[middle dot]min-1 for 5 minutes in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, either Intralipid 20%, an LCT emulsion (LCT group, n = 6), or Lipovenoes 20%, an LCT/MCT emulsion (LCT/MCT group, n = 6), was infused at 2mg[middle dot]kg-1[middle dot]min-1 for 5 minutes. The concentrations of total plasma bupivacaine and bupivacaine that were not bound by lipid (lipid unbound) were measured by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method. A 2-compartmental analysis was performed to calculate the lipid-bound percentage of bupivacaine and its pharmacokinetics. RESULTS: In the LCT group, the clearance (15 +/- 2 vs 10 +/- 1 mL[middle dot]min-1[middle dot]kg-1, P = .003) was higher; the volume of distribution (0.57 +/- 0.10 vs 0.36 +/- 0.11 L[middle dot]kg-1, P = .007) and K21 (0.0100 +/- 0.0018 vs 0.0070 +/- 0.0020 min-1, P = .021, P' = .032) were larger; and the area under the blood concentration-time curve 0 - t; (605 +/- 82 vs 867 +/- 110 mgL-1[middle dot]min-1, P = .001) and the area under the blood concentration-time curve (0 - [infinity]) (697 +/- 111 vs 991 +/- 121 mgL-1[middle dot]min-1, P = .001) were less, when compared with the LCT/MCT group. CONCLUSIONS: LCT emulsions are more effective than LCT/MCT emulsions in the metabolism of bupivacaine through demonstration of a superior pharmacokinetic profile. (C) 2016 International Anesthesia Research Society

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Review article: acute severe ulcerative colitis – evidence-based consensus statements

Summary

Background

Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a potentially life-threatening complication of ulcerative colitis.

Aim

To develop consensus statements based on a systematic review of the literature of the management of ASUC to improve patient outcome.

Methods

Following a literature review, the Delphi method was used to develop the consensus statements. A steering committee, based in Australia, generated the statements of interest. Three rounds of anonymous voting were carried out to achieve the final results. Acceptance of statements was pre-determined by ≥80% votes in 'complete agreement' or 'agreement with minor reservation'.

Results

Key recommendations include that patients with ASUC should be: hospitalised, undergo unprepared flexible sigmoidoscopy to assess severity and to exclude cytomegalovirus colitis, and be provided with venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and intravenous hydrocortisone 100 mg three or four times daily with close monitoring by a multidisciplinary team. Rescue therapy such as infliximab or ciclosporin should be started if insufficient response by day 3, and colectomy considered if no response to 7 days of rescue therapy or earlier if deterioration. With such an approach, it is expected that colectomy rate during admission will be below 30% and mortality less than 1% in specialist centres.

Conclusion

These evidenced-based consensus statements on acute severe ulcerative colitis, developed by a multidisciplinary group, provide up-to-date best practice recommendations that improve and harmonise management as well as provide auditable quality assessments.

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The Antiallodynic Effects of Nefopam Are Mediated by the Adenosine Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channel in a Neuropathic Pain Model.

BACKGROUND: Nefopam hydrochloride is a centrally acting compound that induces antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic properties in neuropathic pain models. Previous reports have shown that activation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive and calcium-activated potassium (KATP and KCa2+) channels has antiallodynic effects in neuropathic pain. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between potassium channels and nefopam to determine whether the antiallodynic effects of nefopam are mediated by potassium channels in a neuropathic pain model. METHODS: Mechanical allodynia was induced by spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats, and the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was evaluated by the use of von Frey filaments. Nefopam was administered intraperitoneally before or after SNL. We assessed the relationship between nefopam and intrathecal injection of the KCa2+ channel antagonists apamin and charybdotoxin, and the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide to assess their abilities to reverse the antiallodynic effects of nefopam. In addition, we evaluated whether the KATP channel opener pinacidil had antiallodynic effects and promoted the antiallodynic effects of nefopam. RESULTS: Administration of nefopam before and after SNL induced significant antiallodynic effects (P

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Pre-Hospital Anesthesia Handbook, 2nd ed.

No abstract available

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A Novel Device for the Evaluation of Hemostatic Function in Critical Care Settings.

Major surgical procedures often result in significant intra- and postoperative bleeding. The ability to identify the cause of the bleeding has the potential to reduce the transfusion of blood products and improve patient care. We present a novel device, the Quantra Hemostasis Analyzer, which has been designed for automated, rapid, near-patient monitoring of hemostasis. The Quantra is based on Sonic Estimation of Elasticity via Resonance Sonorheometry, a proprietary technology that uses ultrasound to measure clot time and clot stiffness from changes in viscoelastic properties of whole blood during coagulation. We present results of internal validation and analytical performance testing of the technology and demonstrate the ability to characterize the key functional components of hemostasis. (C) 2016 International Anesthesia Research Society

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OtoRhinoLaryngology & Medicine,New Articles,May 26th,2016

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein in patients under 18 years of age

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

[image: alertIcon.gif] Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Author(s): K. Kumar, M. Nagarjuna, R. Raut, H. Pipalia from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WVjqWo from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/22pVxpn via IFTTT

Primer Part 1—The building blocks of epilepsy genetics

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

[image: cover.gif?v=1&s=353a143970dce8336631be13] Summary This is the first of a two-part primer on the genetics of the epilepsies within the Genetic Literacy Series of the Genetics Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy. In Part 1, we cover the foundations of epilepsy genetics including genetic epidemiology and the range of genetic variants that can affect the risk for developing epilepsy. We discuss various epidemiologic study designs that have been applied to the genetics of the epilepsies including population studies, which provide compelling evidence for a st...περισσότερα »

Mutual influences between native and non-native vowels in production: Evidence from short-term visual articulatory feedback training

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: July 2016 *Source:*Journal of Phonetics, Volume 57 Author(s): Natalia Kartushina, Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Ulrich Hans Frauenfelder, Narly Golestani We studied mutual influences between native and non-native vowel production during learning, i.e., before and after short-term visual articulatory feedback training with non-native sounds. Monolingual French speakers were trained to produce two non-native vowels: the Danish /ɔ/, which is similar to the French /o/, and the Russian /ɨ/, which is dissimilar from French vowels. We examined relationships between the production...περισσότερα »

Mutual influences between native and non-native vowels in production: Evidence from short-term visual articulatory feedback training

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: July 2016 *Source:*Journal of Phonetics, Volume 57 Author(s): Natalia Kartushina, Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Ulrich Hans Frauenfelder, Narly Golestani We studied mutual influences between native and non-native vowel production during learning, i.e., before and after short-term visual articulatory feedback training with non-native sounds. Monolingual French speakers were trained to produce two non-native vowels: the Danish /ɔ/, which is similar to the French /o/, and the Russian /ɨ/, which is dissimilar from French vowels. We examined relationships between the production...περισσότερα »

Allergy to fish collagen

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

: Thermostability of collagen and IgE reactivity of patients' sera with extracts of 11 species of bony and cartilaginous fish via Allergology International Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*Allergology International Author(s): Yukihiro Kobayashi, Takuma Kuriyama, Ryoko Nakagawara, Michiko Aihara, Naoko Hamada-Sato BackgroundParvalbumin was identified as a major fish allergen, and has been well investigated. Collagen was identified as a second allergen; however, its allergenic properties remain uncharacterized. Although fish is an important staple in coastal count...περισσότερα »

Mutual influences between native and non-native vowels in production: Evidence from short-term visual articulatory feedback training

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: July 2016 *Source:*Journal of Phonetics, Volume 57 Author(s): Natalia Kartushina, Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Ulrich Hans Frauenfelder, Narly Golestani We studied mutual influences between native and non-native vowel production during learning, i.e., before and after short-term visual articulatory feedback training with non-native sounds. Monolingual French speakers were trained to produce two non-native vowels: the Danish /ɔ/, which is similar to the French /o/, and the Russian /ɨ/, which is dissimilar from French vowels. We examined relationships between the production...περισσότερα »

Intramuscular botulinum toxin injection

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

additional to arthrocentesis in the management of temporomandibular joint pain via Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology *Source:*Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology Author(s): Oksana Ivask, Edvitar Leibur, Stephanie Akermann, Tiia Tamme, Ülle Voog-Oras ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin (BTX-A) as an adjunct to arthrocentesis between BTX-A injection only in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD-s) with masticatory muscles tension.Study DesignThe cl...περισσότερα »

Cyst Like Lesion in Mandibular Coronoid Process

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

: an Unusual Location via Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology *Source:*Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology Author(s): Elif Keriş Yıldızer, Kahraman Gungor, Sevil Altundag Kahraman [image: Panoramic radiograph of the lesion.] [image: The patient's CBCT images showing a unilocular, well-defined radiolucent lesion ...] [image: Giant cell granuloma with multinucleated giant cells (haematoxylin and eosin ...] [image: Three-year postoperative radiograph.] from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inorea... περισσότερα »

Neural and neurochemical basis of reinforcement-guided decision making

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Decision making is an adaptive behavior that takes into account several internal and external input variables and leads to the choice of a course of action over other available and often competing alternatives. While it has been studied in diverse fields ranging from mathematics, economics, ecology and ethology, to psychology and neuroscience, recent cross-talk among perspectives from different fields have yielded novel descriptions of decision processes. Reinforcement guided decision making models are based on economic and reinforcement learning theories and their focus is on the ... περισσότερα »

Respiratory and autonomic dysfunction in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

The developmental lineage of the PHOX2B-expressing neurons in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) has been extensively studied. These cells are thought to function as central respiratory chemoreceptors, i.e the mechanism by which brain PCO2 regulates breathing. The molecular and cellular basis of central respiratory chemoreception is based on the detection of CO2 via intrinsic proton receptors (TASK-2, GPR4) as well as synaptic input from peripheral chemoreceptors and other brain regions. Murine models of Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome designed with PHOX2B mutations have...περισσότερα »

A combined TMS-EEG study of short-latency afferent inhibition in the motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) enables non-invasive neurophysiological investigation of the human cortex. A TMS paradigm of short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) is characterised by attenuation of the motor evoked potential (MEP) and modulation of N100 of the TMS-evoked potential (TEP) when TMS is delivered to motor cortex (M1) following median nerve stimulation. SAI is a marker of cholinergic activity in the motor cortex, however, the SAI has not been tested from the prefrontal cortex. We aimed to explore the effect of SAI in dor... περισσότερα »

Short-latency afferent inhibition determined by the sensory afferent volley

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) is characterized by the suppression of the Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) motor evoked potential (MEP) by the cortical arrival of a somatosensory afferent volley. It remains unknown whether the magnitude of SAI reflects changes in the sensory afferent volley, similar to that observed for somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). The present study investigated stimulus-response relationships between sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs), SAI and SEPs, and their interrelatedness. Experiment 1 (n=23, aged 23 ± 1.5) investigated the sti... περισσότερα »

Synaptic integration of transplanted interneuron progenitor cells into native cortical networks

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Interneuron-based cell transplantation is a powerful method to modify network function in a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Whether new interneurons integrate into native neural networks in a subtype-specific manner is not well understood and the therapeutic mechanisms underlying interneuron-based cell therapy, including the role of synaptic inhibition, are debated. Here, we tested subtype-specific integration of transplanted interneurons using acute cortical brain slices and visualized patch clamp recordings to measure excitatory synaptic inputs, intrinsic ... περισσότερα »

Does gravity influence the visual line bisection task?

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

The visual line bisection task (LBT) is sensitive to perceptual biases of visuospatial attention, showing slight leftward (for horizontal lines) and upward (for vertical lines) errors in healthy subjects. It may be solved in an egocentric or allocentric reference frame and there is no obvious need for graviceptive input. However, for other visual line adjustments, such as the subjective visual vertical, otolith input is integrated. We hypothesized that graviceptive input is incorporated when performing the LBT and predicted reduced accuracy and precision when roll-tilted. Twenty h... περισσότερα »

Differences in Chloride Gradients Allow for Three Distinct Types of Synaptic Modulation by Endocannabinoids

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Endocannabinoids can elicit persistent depression of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, reducing or enhancing (disinhibiting) neural circuit output, respectively. In this study, we examined whether differences in Cl- gradients can regulate which synapses undergo endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic depression vs. disinhibition using the well-characterized central nervous system (CNS) of the medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana. Exogenous application of endocannabinoids or capsaicin elicits potentiation of pressure (P) cell synapses and depression of both polymodal (Npoly) and mechanical ...περισσότερα »

PREFERENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF NOCICEPTIVE INPUT TO MOTOR NEURONS WITH MUSCLE UNITS IN THE CRANIAL PORTION OF THE UPPER TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Pain is associated with changes in the neural drive to muscles. For the upper trapezius muscle, surface EMG recordings have indicated that acute noxious stimulation in either the cranial or the caudal region of the muscle leads to a relative decrease in muscle activity in the cranial region. It is however not known if this adaption reflects different recruitment thresholds of the upper trapezius motor units in the cranial and caudal region or a non-uniform nociceptive input to the motor units of both regions. This study investigated these potential mechanisms by direct motor unit ... περισσότερα »

Heat pulse excitability of vestibular hair cells and afferent neurons

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

In the present study we combined electrophysiology with optical heat pulse stimuli to examine thermodynamics of membrane electrical excitability in mammalian vestibular hair cells and afferent neurons. We recorded whole-cell currents in mammalian type II vestibular hair cells using an excised preparation (mouse), and action potentials (APs) in afferent neurons in vivo (chinchilla) in response to optical heat pulses applied to the crista (T0.25°C pulse -1). Afferent spike trains evoked by heat pulse stimuli were diverse and included asynchronous inhibition, asynchronous excitation,... περισσότερα »

Superficial Mucocele of the Ventral Tongue

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

: Presentation of a Rare Case and Literature Review via Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Publication date: June 2016 *Source:*Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 74, Issue 6 Author(s): John K. Brooks, Kevin G. Schwartz, John R. Basile [image: Superficial mucocele on the ventral tongue.] [image: Photomicrographs of superficial mucocele. A, Flattened overlying epithelium and ...] [image: Positive mucin staining with mucicarmine (original magnification, ×10; ...] The superficial mucocele is a rare variant of the common mucocele and noted microscopically by subepithelial pools o...περισσότερα »

A new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 6 δευτερόλεπτα

Cricotracheostomy: new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage: Cricotracheostomy is suitable for use in high-risk situations when urgent endotracheal intubation and conventional open tracheostomy cannot be achieved. We successfully removed the anterior portion of the cricoid cartilage to establish access to the airways in seven patients with cancer of the head and neck without complications, and the stomas were closed in three patients who had no stenosis of the larynx. from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros ...περισσότερα »

The binaural transfer function on perceived externalization in a reverberant environment

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 7 δευτερόλεπτα

The role of spectral detail in [image: cm_sbs_024_plain.png] Individual binaural room impulse responses (BRIRs) were recorded at a distance of 1.5 m for azimuth angles of 0° and 50° in a reverberant room. Spectral details were reduced in either the direct or the reverberant part of the BRIRs by averaging the magnitude responses with band-pass filters. For various filter bandwidths, the modified BRIRs were convolved with broadband noise and listeners judged the perceived position of the noise when virtualized over headphones. Only reductions in spectral details of the direct part ob...περισσότερα »

Indexing head movement during speech production using optical markers

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 7 δευτερόλεπτα

Indexing head movement during speech production using optical markers: Optical marker tracking integrated with electromagnetic articulometry was used to assess the movement extent of various points on (a) forehead skin and (b) points on a head-mounted apparatus, relative to a fixed point just above the upper incisors, and to compare the accuracy of the two different approaches to indexing head position during speech production. Both methods can provide a satisfactory index of head position. If skin-affixed markers are used, a minimum of 4 is recommended. Locations for optimal marker ...περισσότερα »

Hearing Impairment : Spectrum and Frequency of the GJB2 Gene Pathogenic Variants

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 7 δευτερόλεπτα

Spectrum and Frequency of the GJB2 Gene Pathogenic Variants in a Large Cohort of Patients with Hearing Impairment Living in a Subarctic Region of Russia (the Sakha Republic): by Nikolay A. Barashkov, Vera G. Pshennikova, Olga L. Posukh, Fedor M. Teryutin, Aisen V. Solovyev, Leonid A. Klarov, Georgii P. Romanov, Nyurgun N. Gotovtsev, Andrey A. Kozhevnikov, Elena V. Kirillina, Oksana G. Sidorova, Lena M. Vasilyevа, Elvira E. Fedotova, Igor V. Morozov, Alexander A. Bondar, Natalya A. Solovyevа, Sardana K. Kononova, Adyum M. Rafailov, Nikolay N. Sazonov, Anatoliy N. Alekseev, Mikhail I.... περισσότερα »

Temporal Change in Voice Quality After Thyroidectomy

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 7 δευτερόλεπτα

Analysis of Temporal Change in Voice Quality After Thyroidectomy: Single-institution Prospective Study via Voice Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*Journal of Voice Author(s): Doh Young Lee, Ki Jeong Lee, Soo Min Hwang, Kyoung Ho Oh, Jae-Gu Cho, Seung-Kuk Baek, Soon-Young Kwon, Jeong-Soo Woo, Kwang-Yoon Jung ObjectivesThis study analyzed the temporal changes of voice quality after thyroidectomy and assessed the predictive perioperative parameters of postthyroidectomy voice disorder (PTVD).Study designThis is a prospective cohort study.MethodsFrom March 2011 to July... περισσότερα »

Cancer

Αλέξανδρος ΣφακιανάκηςστοMedicine by Sfakianakis G. AlexandrosΠριν από 7 δευτερόλεπτα

2m Comparison of Eligibility Criteria Between Protocols, Registries, and Publications of Cancer Clinical Trials Trial registration and public accessibility of appended or published protocols of phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) allow comparison of reported research with essential aspects of trial design. We determined how eligibility criteria of participants specified in protocols were described in trial... 2m PD-1 Pathway Blockade in EGFR-mutant and ALK-positive NSCLC Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors are established agents in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSC... περισσότερα »

Uranium removal by novel graphene oxide-immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae gel beads

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοRadiology by Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 7 δευτερόλεπτα

[image: S0265931X.gif] Publication date: October 2016 *Source:*Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volumes 162–163 Author(s): Can Chen, Jianlong Wang To evaluate its ability to absorb dissolved uranium (VI), the waste biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was immobilized using different agents, including Ca-alginate (Ca-SA), Ca-alginate with graphene oxide (GO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, 5% or 10%, w/v)-SA-GO in CaCl2-boric acid solution. The experimental results showed that graphene oxide at 0.01% (w/v) could enhance the performance of the immobilized cells. The yeast gel beads pre... περισσότερα »

The Dorsal Root Ganglion as a Therapeutic Target for Chronic Pain.

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAnaesthesiologyΠριν από 8 δευτερόλεπτα

Chronic neuropathic pain is a widespread problem with negative personal and societal consequences. Despite considerable clinical neuroscience research, the goal of developing effective, reliable, and durable treatments has remained elusive. The critical role played by the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in the induction and maintenance of chronic pain has been largely overlooked in these efforts, however. It may be that, by targeting this site, robust new options for pain management will be revealed. This review summarizes recent advances in the knowledge base for DRG-targeted treatments... περισσότερα »

20% subcutaneous immunoglobulin dosed biweekly for primary immunodeficiency

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAllergy Rhinology Immunology AsthmaΠριν από 35 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 26 May 2016 *Source:*Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Author(s): Richard L. Wasserman, Mark R. Stein, M. Elizabeth M. Younger, Shahnaz Fatteh, Elie Haddad from Allergy and Immunology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20ENQKr

Adoptive transfer of food allergy via unrelated allogeneic bone marrow transplant

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAllergy Rhinology Immunology AsthmaΠριν από 35 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 26 May 2016 *Source:*Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Author(s): Bhagirathbhai Dholaria, Arveen Bhasin, Murli Krishna, Laura Finn from Allergy and Immunology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1XyCEzz

Association of FEF25%–75% and bronchodilator reversibility with asthma control and asthma morbidity in inner-city children with asthma

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAllergy Rhinology Immunology AsthmaΠριν από 35 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 26 May 2016 *Source:*Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Author(s): Watcharoot Kanchongkittiphon, Jonathan M. Gaffin, Lianne Kopel, Carter R. Petty, Mary E. Bollinger, Rachel L. Miller, Matthew Perzanowski, Elizabeth C. Matsui, Wanda Phipatanakul from Allergy and Immunology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20EMZJD

Occupational allergic respiratory disease due to royal jelly

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAllergy Rhinology Immunology AsthmaΠριν από 35 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 26 May 2016 *Source:*Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Author(s): Elisa Gómez Torrijos, Yesica Méndez Diaz, Jesús M. Borja Segade, J. Francisco Feo Brito, Teresa Alfaya Arias, Pedro A. Galindo Bonilla, Amalia Ledesma Fernandez, Rosa García Rodríguez from Allergy and Immunology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1XyD09s

Clinical implication of the serum periostin level for differentiating phenotypes of NSAID hypersensitivity

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAllergy Rhinology Immunology AsthmaΠριν από 35 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*Allergology International Author(s): Mi-Ae Kim, Moon Kyung Yoon, Young-Soo Lee, Kenji Izuhara, Shoichiro Ohta, Junya Ono, Ji-Hye Kim, Ga Young Ban, Young-Min Ye, Hae-Sim Park from Allergy and Immunology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/20EkMTe

Allergy to fish collagen: Thermostability of collagen and IgE reactivity of patients' sera with extracts of 11 species of bony and cartilaginous fish

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAllergy Rhinology Immunology AsthmaΠριν από 35 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*Allergology International Author(s): Yukihiro Kobayashi, Takuma Kuriyama, Ryoko Nakagawara, Michiko Aihara, Naoko Hamada-Sato BackgroundParvalbumin was identified as a major fish allergen, and has been well investigated. Collagen was identified as a second allergen; however, its allergenic properties remain uncharacterized. Although fish is an important staple in coastal countries, its thermostability is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the thermostability of fish collagen as an allergen.MethodsMeat of seven bony and f... περισσότερα »

Impact of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae biofilm mode of growth on the lipid A structures and stimulation of immune cells

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοAllergy Rhinology Immunology AsthmaΠριν από 35 δευτερόλεπτα

*Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae* (APP), the etiologic agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, forms biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces. APP biofilms confers resistance to antibiotics. To our knowledge, no studies have examined the role of APP biofilm in immune evasion and infection persistence. This study was undertaken to (i) investigate biofilm-associated LPS modifications occurring during the switch to biofilm mode of growth; and (ii) characterize pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and proliferation in porcine PBMCs challenged...περισσότερα »

Allergy to fish collagen

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 43 δευτερόλεπτα

: Thermostability of collagen and IgE reactivity of patients' sera with extracts of 11 species of bony and cartilaginous fish via Allergology International Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*Allergology International Author(s): Yukihiro Kobayashi, Takuma Kuriyama, Ryoko Nakagawara, Michiko Aihara, Naoko Hamada-Sato BackgroundParvalbumin was identified as a major fish allergen, and has been well investigated. Collagen was identified as a second allergen; however, its allergenic properties remain uncharacterized. Although fish is an important staple in coastal count...περισσότερα »

Intramuscular botulinum toxin injection

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 43 δευτερόλεπτα

additional to arthrocentesis in the management of temporomandibular joint pain via Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology *Source:*Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology Author(s): Oksana Ivask, Edvitar Leibur, Stephanie Akermann, Tiia Tamme, Ülle Voog-Oras ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin (BTX-A) as an adjunct to arthrocentesis between BTX-A injection only in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD-s) with masticatory muscles tension.Study DesignThe cl...περισσότερα »

Cyst Like Lesion in Mandibular Coronoid Process

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 43 δευτερόλεπτα

: an Unusual Location via Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology *Source:*Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology Author(s): Elif Keriş Yıldızer, Kahraman Gungor, Sevil Altundag Kahraman [image: Panoramic radiograph of the lesion.] [image: The patient's CBCT images showing a unilocular, well-defined radiolucent lesion ...] [image: Giant cell granuloma with multinucleated giant cells (haematoxylin and eosin ...] [image: Three-year postoperative radiograph.]

Superficial Mucocele of the Ventral Tongue

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 43 δευτερόλεπτα

: Presentation of a Rare Case and Literature Review via Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Publication date: June 2016 *Source:*Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 74, Issue 6 Author(s): John K. Brooks, Kevin G. Schwartz, John R. Basile [image: Superficial mucocele on the ventral tongue.] [image: Photomicrographs of superficial mucocele. A, Flattened overlying epithelium and ...] [image: Positive mucin staining with mucicarmine (original magnification, ×10; ...] The superficial mucocele is a rare variant of the common mucocele and noted microscopically by subepithelial pools o...περισσότερα »

A new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 43 δευτερόλεπτα

Cricotracheostomy: new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage: Cricotracheostomy is suitable for use in high-risk situations when urgent endotracheal intubation and conventional open tracheostomy cannot be achieved. We successfully removed the anterior portion of the cricoid cartilage to establish access to the airways in seven patients with cancer of the head and neck without complications, and the stomas were closed in three patients who had no stenosis of the larynx.

Individuals with Non-Syndromic Oral Clefts

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Psychiatric Diagnoses in Individuals with Non-Syndromic Oral Clefts: A Danish Population-Based Cohort Study: by Dorthe Almind Pedersen, George L. Wehby, Jeffrey C. Murray, Kaare Christensen Background The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of psychiatric diagnoses in individuals with non-syndromic oral clefts (OC) compared with individuals without OC, including ages from 1 to 76 years. Methods Linking four Danish nationwide registers, we investigated the risk of psychiatric diagnoses at Danish psychiatric hospitals during the period 1969–2012 for individuals born wi... περισσότερα »

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

in patients under 18 years of age: In January 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a drug safety communication warning related to the use of bone graft substitutes containing recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides in patients under 18 years of age. The safety communication cited reports of serious injuries such as excess bone growth, fluid accumulation, inhibited bone healing, swelling, and pressure on the adjacent vital organs following the use of bone graft substitutes containing proteins or synthetic peptides.

Hyperfractionated Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) Versus Conventional Fraction IMRT for Patients With Loco-regionally Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Hyperfractionated Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) Versus Conventional Fraction IMRT for Patients With Loco-regionally Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.: *Conditions*: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Mortality; Quality of Life; Complications *Interventions*: Radiation: Hyperfractionated IMRT; Radiation: Conventional Fraction IMRT *Sponsor*: Sun Yat-sen University ArmsAssigned Interventions Experimental: Hyperfractionated IMRT Group IMRT (total dose of 65Gy, division 54 times, twice a day, once 1.2Gy, irradiation interval of 6-8 hours) Radiation: Hyperfractionated ... περισσότερα »

The Pneupac VR1 Portable Ventilator and Manual Ventilation

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

A RCT to Compare the Pneupac VR1 Portable Ventilator and Manual Ventilation Via a Mapleson C- Circuit During the Intra-hospital Transfers of Intubated Patients: *Condition*: Cancer *Intervention*: Device: Pneupac VR1 *Sponsors*: Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust; St Thomas' Hospital, London Following major head and neck surgery it may be necessary to keep patients intubated and ventilated for at least 12 hours to allow the swelling associated with the operation to subside. Therefore patients (participants) are transferred to the intensive care unit anaest... περισσότερα »

Endoscopic Zenker's diverticulotomy

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

The safety and efficacy of endoscopic Zenker's diverticulotomy: A cohort study: Objectives/Hypothesis To determine whether the application of laser-assisted techniques for the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum would reduce the failure rate of endoscopic procedures without compromising safety or durability. Study Design Cohort study with long-term follow-up. Methods We performed a single-institution review of 106 consecutive patients in whom endoscopic laser-assisted diverticulotomy (ELD) or endoscopic stapler-assisted diverticulotomy (ESD) was attempted. The Eating Assessment T...περισσότερα »

Amitriptyline treatment for idiopathic cough

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Long-term follow-up of Objectives/Hypothesis To evaluate short- and long-term treatment outcomes of amitriptyline for idiopathic cough. Study Design Retrospective chart review and anonymous survey of a patient cohort. Methods We evaluated a cohort of adults treated for cough at the Duke Voice Care Center with amitriptyline over a 2- to 3-year period. We characterized demographics, symptoms, treatment variability, and treatment effects from chart review and survey responses. We performed univariate analysis comparing cough improvement to age, gender, symptoms of throat irritation, co... περισσότερα »

Type II thyroplasty on phonatory physiology

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Evaluation of type II thyroplasty on phonatory physiology in an excised canine larynx model: Objectives/Hypothesis Type II thyroplasty is an alternative treatment for spasmodic dysphonia, addressing hyperadduction by incising and lateralizing the thyroid cartilage. We quantified the effect of lateralization width on phonatory physiology using excised canine larynges. Methods Normal closure, hyperadduction, and type II thyroplasty (lateralized up to 5 mm at 1-mm increments with hyperadducted arytenoids) were simulated in excised larynges (N = 7). Aerodynamic, acoustic, and videok... περισσότερα »

HNCs

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Factors that impact health-related quality of life over time for individuals with head and neck cancer: Objectives/Hypothesis To identify sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients over time. Study Design A population-based longitudinal cohort study. Methods Newly diagnosed HNC patients (N = 587) were administered the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Head and Neck questionnaire at baseline (median 3 months postdiagnosis) and two follow-up assessments (median 22 and 42 mo...περισσότερα »

Aesthetic rhinoplasty :, The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire–Aesthetic Surgery (BDDQ-AS)

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Body Dysmorphic Disorder in aesthetic rhinoplasty: Validating a new screening tool: Objectives/Hypothesis To validate a new screening tool for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in patients seeking aesthetic rhinoplasty. Study Design We performed a prospective instrument validation study in an academic rhinology clinic. Methods The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire–Aesthetic Surgery (BDDQ-AS) is a seven-item short questionnaire validated in 116 patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty. Screening was positive if the patient acknowledged on the BDDQ-AS that he/she was concerned ... περισσότερα »

Long-term Macrolide therapy in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

The value of a Feasibility Study into long-term Macrolide therapy in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Abstract Objectives There is currently conflicting level 1 evidence in the use of long-term antibiotics for chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps. The primary aim of this feasibility study was to optimise future randomised trial design by assessing recruitment and retention of patients alongside providing preliminary data on symptomatic control. Design Prospective, multi-centre feasibility (cohort) study with all patients receiving macrolide therapy for 12-weeks and a further subse... περισσότερα »

Focus Harmonic scalpel and other hemostatic techniques in open thyroidectomy

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Comparison between Focus Harmonic scalpel and other hemostatic techniques in open thyroidectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis: Abstract Background The purpose of this review was to compare the efficacy and surgical outcomes of total thyroidectomy between the Focus Harmonic scalpel (Ethicon, Cincinnati, OH) and other hemostatic procedures. Methods An extensive search was conducted using the PubMed and Cochrane databases from January 2008 to October 2014. Operating time, blood loss, pain, complications, and hospital stay were evaluated. Results When compared with conventio... περισσότερα »

Radiation dose distribution in the teeth, maxilla, and mandible

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

of patients with oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal tumors who were treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) dose delivered to the teeth, maxilla, and mandible. Methods The mean dose (Dmean) and maximum dose (Dmax) of radiation for the maxilla, mandible, and teeth of 63 patients with oropharyngeal (*n* = 44) or nasopharyngeal (*n* = 19) tumors were retrospectively evaluated. Results The posterior regions of the mandible received the highest doses, and... περισσότερα »

Intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinomas

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

The road to molecular diagnosis and personalized treatment: Abstract Background Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinomas (ITACs) are epithelial tumors of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses, often related to professional exposure to organic dust, mainly wood or leather. It is a rare cancer. If resectable, surgery is the treatment of choice. Postoperative radiotherapy is often indicated to increase local control. Systemic treatment (chemotherapy, targeted agents, or immunotherapy) of irresectable ITACs and/or metastasized disease is less standardized. Methods Articles on ...περισσότερα »

Children Born to Mothers with Gum Inflammation during Pregnancy

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Risk of Allergic Rhinitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis, and Eczema in Children Born to Mothers with Gum Inflammation during Pregnancy: by Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh, Chin-Chen Liu, Yu-Chen Hsiao, Trong-Neng Wu Purpose Despite links between maternal and child health status, evidence on the association between gum infection in pregnant mothers and childhood allergies is scarce. We aim to evaluate the risk of developing allergy in children born to periodontal mothers in a nationwide study. Methods We conducted a 9-year population-based, retrospective cohort study using Taiwan's National H...περισσότερα »

Risk of Allergic Rhinitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis, and Eczema in Children

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Children Born to Mothers with Gum Inflammation during Pregnancy: by Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh, Chin-Chen Liu, Yu-Chen Hsiao, Trong-Neng Wu Purpose Despite links between maternal and child health status, evidence on the association between gum infection in pregnant mothers and childhood allergies is scarce. We aim to evaluate the risk of developing allergy in children born to periodontal mothers in a nationwide study. Methods We conducted a 9-year population-based, retrospective cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. A study cohort of 42,217 newborns born t...περισσότερα »

The GJB2 Gene Pathogenic Variants

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Spectrum and Frequency of the GJB2 Gene Pathogenic Variants in a Large Cohort of Patients with Hearing Impairment Living in a Subarctic Region of Russia (the Sakha Republic): by Nikolay A. Barashkov, Vera G. Pshennikova, Olga L. Posukh, Fedor M. Teryutin, Aisen V. Solovyev, Leonid A. Klarov, Georgii P. Romanov, Nyurgun N. Gotovtsev, Andrey A. Kozhevnikov, Elena V. Kirillina, Oksana G. Sidorova, Lena M. Vasilyevа, Elvira E. Fedotova, Igor V. Morozov, Alexander A. Bondar, Natalya A. Solovyevа, Sardana K. Kononova, Adyum M. Rafailov, Nikolay N. Sazonov, Anatoliy N. Alekseev, Mikhail I... περισσότερα »

Die Behandlung von Tränenwegsstenosen aus HNO‑ärztlicher Sicht

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Die Behandlung von Tränenwegsstenosen aus HNO‑ärztlicher Sicht: Zusammenfassung HintergrundDie Epiphora ist das klassische Symptom der postsakkalen Tränenwegsstenose und betrifft insbesondere ältere Patienten. Die extranasale Dakryozystorhinostomie (DZR) nach Toti und die endonasale DZR nach West stellen etablierte Therapieverfahren dar. Ziel der ArbeitDie Ursachen der postsakkalen Tränenwegsstenose und deren Diagnostik werden beleuchtet und die Therapiemöglichkeiten anhand aktueller Literatur unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Sicht des Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Arztes diskutiert. ... περισσότερα »

Medizinpsychologische Aspekte bei der Behandlung kindlicher Tränenabflussstörungen

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Medizinpsychologische Aspekte bei der Behandlung kindlicher Tränenabflussstörungen: Zusammenfassung HintergrundDie Sondierung und Überdruckspülung der ableitenden Tränenwege (TNW) bei konnataler Dakryostenose kann in Lokalanästhesie (LA) oder Allgemeinanästhesie (AA) durchgeführt werden. Dabei können durch Schmerzen und Ängste starke Stressempfindungen bei Eltern und behandelten Kindern entstehen. MethodikMittels Fragebögen (*n* = 65) beurteilten die Eltern ihr eigenes Stressempfinden sowie das ihrer Kinder. Untersucht wurden Einfluss der Anästhesieform, Vertrauen in die ärztl... περισσότερα »

Monoscopic photogrammetry to obtain 3D models

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

by a mobile device: a method for making facial prostheses: Abstract PurposeThe aim of this study is to present the development of a new technique to obtain 3D models using photogrammetry by a mobile device and free software, as a method for making digital facial impressions of patients with maxillofacial defects for the final purpose of 3D printing of facial prostheses. MethodsWith the use of a mobile device, free software and a photo capture protocol, 2D captures of the anatomy of a patient with a facial defect were transformed into a 3D model. The resultant digital models we... περισσότερα »

Staging and follow-up of high-grade malignant salivary gland tumours : Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most common high-grade malignant tumour. • Imaging: MRI is the best choice for T-staging a malignant salivary tumour. • Combining traditional MRI with functional MRI improves diagnostic accuracy. • US guided FNAC may confirm nature of primary tumour lymph node metastases. • Follow-up: In high-grade malignant tumours FDG PET/CT is not recommended on a routine basis.

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

: The role of traditional versus functional imaging approaches – A review via ScienceDirect Publication: Oral Oncology [image: M, 56yrs, pre-auricular swelling, slowly increasing in size over months. ...] [image: Highly malignant parotid tumour on the left in 72yrs female, who had been ...] [image: (A and B) Axial SET1 post Gadolinium with fat saturation. Patient operated for ...] [image: (A and B) Low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of left parotid gland. The tumour ...] [image: (A–H). (A and B) Recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma of minor salivary gland ...] [image: (A–D) 18FDG-PET CT... περισσότερα »

Synaptic integration of transplanted interneuron progenitor cells into native cortical networks

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Interneuron-based cell transplantation is a powerful method to modify network function in a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Whether new interneurons integrate into native neural networks in a subtype-specific manner is not well understood and the therapeutic mechanisms underlying interneuron-based cell therapy, including the role of synaptic inhibition, are debated. Here, we tested subtype-specific integration of transplanted interneurons using acute cortical brain slices and visualized patch clamp recordings to measure excitatory synaptic inputs, intrinsic ... περισσότερα »

Does gravity influence the visual line bisection task?

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

The visual line bisection task (LBT) is sensitive to perceptual biases of visuospatial attention, showing slight leftward (for horizontal lines) and upward (for vertical lines) errors in healthy subjects. It may be solved in an egocentric or allocentric reference frame and there is no obvious need for graviceptive input. However, for other visual line adjustments, such as the subjective visual vertical, otolith input is integrated. We hypothesized that graviceptive input is incorporated when performing the LBT and predicted reduced accuracy and precision when roll-tilted. Twenty h... περισσότερα »

Differences in Chloride Gradients Allow for Three Distinct Types of Synaptic Modulation by Endocannabinoids

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Endocannabinoids can elicit persistent depression of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, reducing or enhancing (disinhibiting) neural circuit output, respectively. In this study, we examined whether differences in Cl- gradients can regulate which synapses undergo endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic depression vs. disinhibition using the well-characterized central nervous system (CNS) of the medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana. Exogenous application of endocannabinoids or capsaicin elicits potentiation of pressure (P) cell synapses and depression of both polymodal (Npoly) and mechanical ...περισσότερα »

PREFERENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF NOCICEPTIVE INPUT TO MOTOR NEURONS WITH MUSCLE UNITS IN THE CRANIAL PORTION OF THE UPPER TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Pain is associated with changes in the neural drive to muscles. For the upper trapezius muscle, surface EMG recordings have indicated that acute noxious stimulation in either the cranial or the caudal region of the muscle leads to a relative decrease in muscle activity in the cranial region. It is however not known if this adaption reflects different recruitment thresholds of the upper trapezius motor units in the cranial and caudal region or a non-uniform nociceptive input to the motor units of both regions. This study investigated these potential mechanisms by direct motor unit ... περισσότερα »

Heat pulse excitability of vestibular hair cells and afferent neurons

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

In the present study we combined electrophysiology with optical heat pulse stimuli to examine thermodynamics of membrane electrical excitability in mammalian vestibular hair cells and afferent neurons. We recorded whole-cell currents in mammalian type II vestibular hair cells using an excised preparation (mouse), and action potentials (APs) in afferent neurons in vivo (chinchilla) in response to optical heat pulses applied to the crista (T0.25°C pulse -1). Afferent spike trains evoked by heat pulse stimuli were diverse and included asynchronous inhibition, asynchronous excitation,... περισσότερα »

Superficial Mucocele of the Ventral Tongue

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

: Presentation of a Rare Case and Literature Review via Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Publication date: June 2016 *Source:*Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 74, Issue 6 Author(s): John K. Brooks, Kevin G. Schwartz, John R. Basile [image: Superficial mucocele on the ventral tongue.] [image: Photomicrographs of superficial mucocele. A, Flattened overlying epithelium and ...] [image: Positive mucin staining with mucicarmine (original magnification, ×10; ...] The superficial mucocele is a rare variant of the common mucocele and noted microscopically by subepithelial pools ...περισσότερα »

A new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Cricotracheostomy: new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage: Cricotracheostomy is suitable for use in high-risk situations when urgent endotracheal intubation and conventional open tracheostomy cannot be achieved. We successfully removed the anterior portion of the cricoid cartilage to establish access to the airways in seven patients with cancer of the head and neck without complications, and the stomas were closed in three patients who had no stenosis of the larynx. from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros ...περισσότερα »

The binaural transfer function on perceived externalization in a reverberant environment

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

The role of spectral detail in [image: cm_sbs_024_plain.png] Individual binaural room impulse responses (BRIRs) were recorded at a distance of 1.5 m for azimuth angles of 0° and 50° in a reverberant room. Spectral details were reduced in either the direct or the reverberant part of the BRIRs by averaging the magnitude responses with band-pass filters. For various filter bandwidths, the modified BRIRs were convolved with broadband noise and listeners judged the perceived position of the noise when virtualized over headphones. Only reductions in spectral details of the direct part ob...περισσότερα »

Indexing head movement during speech production using optical markers

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Indexing head movement during speech production using optical markers: Optical marker tracking integrated with electromagnetic articulometry was used to assess the movement extent of various points on (a) forehead skin and (b) points on a head-mounted apparatus, relative to a fixed point just above the upper incisors, and to compare the accuracy of the two different approaches to indexing head position during speech production. Both methods can provide a satisfactory index of head position. If skin-affixed markers are used, a minimum of 4 is recommended. Locations for optimal marker ...περισσότερα »

Hearing Impairment : Spectrum and Frequency of the GJB2 Gene Pathogenic Variants

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Spectrum and Frequency of the GJB2 Gene Pathogenic Variants in a Large Cohort of Patients with Hearing Impairment Living in a Subarctic Region of Russia (the Sakha Republic): by Nikolay A. Barashkov, Vera G. Pshennikova, Olga L. Posukh, Fedor M. Teryutin, Aisen V. Solovyev, Leonid A. Klarov, Georgii P. Romanov, Nyurgun N. Gotovtsev, Andrey A. Kozhevnikov, Elena V. Kirillina, Oksana G. Sidorova, Lena M. Vasilyevа, Elvira E. Fedotova, Igor V. Morozov, Alexander A. Bondar, Natalya A. Solovyevа, Sardana K. Kononova, Adyum M. Rafailov, Nikolay N. Sazonov, Anatoliy N. Alekseev, Mikhail I.... περισσότερα »

Temporal Change in Voice Quality After Thyroidectomy

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Analysis of Temporal Change in Voice Quality After Thyroidectomy: Single-institution Prospective Study via Voice Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*Journal of Voice Author(s): Doh Young Lee, Ki Jeong Lee, Soo Min Hwang, Kyoung Ho Oh, Jae-Gu Cho, Seung-Kuk Baek, Soon-Young Kwon, Jeong-Soo Woo, Kwang-Yoon Jung ObjectivesThis study analyzed the temporal changes of voice quality after thyroidectomy and assessed the predictive perioperative parameters of postthyroidectomy voice disorder (PTVD).Study designThis is a prospective cohort study.MethodsFrom March 2011 to Jul... περισσότερα »

Cancer

Alexandros SfakianakisστοHead and Neck Diseases by Alexandros G.SfakianakisΠριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

2m Comparison of Eligibility Criteria Between Protocols, Registries, and Publications of Cancer Clinical Trials Trial registration and public accessibility of appended or published protocols of phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) allow comparison of reported research with essential aspects of trial design. We determined how eligibility criteria of participants specified in protocols were described in trial... 2m PD-1 Pathway Blockade in EGFR-mutant and ALK-positive NSCLC Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors are established agents in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NS... περισσότερα »

Superficial Mucocele of the Ventral Tongue

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

: Presentation of a Rare Case and Literature Review via Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Publication date: June 2016 Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 74, Issue 6 Author(s): John K. Brooks, Kevin G. Schwartz, John R. Basile The superficial mucocele is a rare variant of the common mucocele and noted microscopically by subepithelial pools […]

A new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Cricotracheostomy: new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage: Cricotracheostomy is suitable for use in high-risk situations when urgent endotracheal intubation and conventional open tracheostomy cannot be achieved. We successfully removed the anterior portion of the cricoid cartilage to establish access to the airways in seven patients with […]

Individuals with Non-Syndromic Oral Clefts

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

Psychiatric Diagnoses in Individuals with Non-Syndromic Oral Clefts: A Danish Population-Based Cohort Study: by Dorthe Almind Pedersen, George L. Wehby, Jeffrey C. Murray, Kaare Christensen Background The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of psychiatric diagnoses in individuals with non-syndromic oral clefts (OC) compared with individuals without OC, including ages from 1 […]

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 44 δευτερόλεπτα

in patients under 18 years of age: In January 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a drug safety communication warning related to the use of bone graft substitutes containing recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides in patients under 18 years of age. The safety communication cited reports of serious injuries such as excess […]

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein in patients under 18 years of age

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοNews in OtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 48 δευτερόλεπτα

[image: alertIcon.gif] Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Author(s): K. Kumar, M. Nagarjuna, R. Raut, H. Pipalia from #ENT via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WVjqWo

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein in patients under 18 years of age

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοNews in OtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 48 δευτερόλεπτα

[image: alertIcon.gif] Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 *Source:*International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Author(s): K. Kumar, M. Nagarjuna, R. Raut, H. Pipalia from #ORL-Sfakianakis via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WVjqWo

Primer Part 1—The building blocks of epilepsy genetics

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοNews in OtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 48 δευτερόλεπτα

[image: cover.gif?v=1&s=353a143970dce8336631be13] Summary This is the first of a two-part primer on the genetics of the epilepsies within the Genetic Literacy Series of the Genetics Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy. In Part 1, we cover the foundations of epilepsy genetics including genetic epidemiology and the range of genetic variants that can affect the risk for developing epilepsy. We discuss various epidemiologic study designs that have been applied to the genetics of the epilepsies including population studies, which provide compelling evidence for a st...περισσότερα »

Mutual influences between native and non-native vowels in production: Evidence from short-term visual articulatory feedback training

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοNews in OtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 48 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: July 2016 *Source:*Journal of Phonetics, Volume 57 Author(s): Natalia Kartushina, Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Ulrich Hans Frauenfelder, Narly Golestani We studied mutual influences between native and non-native vowel production during learning, i.e., before and after short-term visual articulatory feedback training with non-native sounds. Monolingual French speakers were trained to produce two non-native vowels: the Danish /ɔ/, which is similar to the French /o/, and the Russian /ɨ/, which is dissimilar from French vowels. We examined relationships between the production...περισσότερα »

Mutual influences between native and non-native vowels in production: Evidence from short-term visual articulatory feedback training

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοNews in OtoRhinoLaryngology - Alexandros G. SfakianakisΠριν από 48 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: July 2016 *Source:*Journal of Phonetics, Volume 57 Author(s): Natalia Kartushina, Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Ulrich Hans Frauenfelder, Narly Golestani We studied mutual influences between native and non-native vowel production during learning, i.e., before and after short-term visual articulatory feedback training with non-native sounds. Monolingual French speakers were trained to produce two non-native vowels: the Danish /ɔ/, which is similar to the French /o/, and the Russian /ɨ/, which is dissimilar from French vowels. We examined relationships between the production...περισσότερα »

Deformation, decomposition and hardening behavior of nano Al7075 alloy prepared by mechanical milling and hot pressing

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 Source:Advanced Powder Technology Author(s): Tuhin Das, R. Karunanithi, Arijit Sinha, K.S. Ghosh, Supriya Bera Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy with different crystallite size is prepared by mechanical milling and high temperature consolidation. X-ray line profile analysis and HRTEM image show high temperature consolidation results insignificant grain coarsening. Microhardness of the alloy… Continue reading Deformation, decomposition and hardening behavior of nano Al7075 alloy prepared by mechanical milling and hot pressing

Autophagy Guarantees Stemness of Muscle Stem Cells By Maintaining Quiescence

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Oral Diseases) from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/25iZSfQ via IFTTT

Schmerzreduktion durch Opioide klinisch nicht relevant

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

Chronische Rückenbeschwerden Erneut hat eine Metaanalyse die mangelnde Effektivität von Opioidanalgetika zur Behandlung chronischer Rückenschmerzen belegt. Jeder zweite Patient bricht die Therapie wegen Nebenwirkungen oder mangelnder Wirksamkeit ab. from #Medicine-SfakianakisAlexandros via o.lakala70 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1Wl02BA via IFTTT

Cricotracheostomy: new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

Cricotracheostomy is suitable for use in high-risk situations when urgent endotracheal intubation and conventional open tracheostomy cannot be achieved. We successfully removed the anterior portion of the cricoid cartilage to establish access to the airways in seven patients with cancer of the head and neck without complications, and the stomas were closed in three patients… Continue reading Cricotracheostomy: new technique to open an airway in emergencies with partial resection of the cricoid cartilage

Human Lymphoid Tissues Harbor a Distinct CD69+CXCR6+ NK Cell Population CLINICAL AND HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

Knowledge of human NK cells is based primarily on conventional CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells from blood. However, most cellular immune interactions occur in lymphoid organs. Based on the coexpression of CD69 and CXCR6, we identified a third major NK cell subset in lymphoid tissues. This population represents 30–60% of NK cells in marrow, spleen,… Continue reading Human Lymphoid Tissues Harbor a Distinct CD69+CXCR6+ NK Cell Population CLINICAL AND HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY

Characterization of the Inflammasome in Human Kupffer Cells in Response to Synthetic Agonists and Pathogens MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

The liver is the largest gland in the human body and functions as an innate immune organ. Liver macrophages called Kupffer cells (KC) constitute the largest group of macrophages in the human body. Innate immune responses involving KC represent the first line of defense against pathogens in the liver. Human monocyte-derived macrophages have been used… Continue reading Characterization of the Inflammasome in Human Kupffer Cells in Response to Synthetic Agonists and Pathogens MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY

CysLT1 Receptor Is Protective against Oxidative Stress in a Model of Irritant-Induced Asthma INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

The bronchoconstrictive and proinflammatory properties of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) in allergic asthma mediate their effects predominantly through the cysLT1 receptor (cysLT1R). However, the role of cysLTs and cysLT1R in innate immune-triggered asthma is largely unexplored. We explored the synthesis of cysLTs and cysLT1R as determinants of airway responses in an oxidative stress–induced model of irritant… Continue reading CysLT1 Receptor Is Protective against Oxidative Stress in a Model of Irritant-Induced Asthma INNATE IMMUNITY AND INFLAMMATION

Enhanced Expression of Brutons Tyrosine Kinase in B Cells Drives Systemic Autoimmunity by Disrupting T Cell Homeostasis AUTOIMMUNITY

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

Upon BCR stimulation, naive B cells increase protein levels of the key downstream signaling molecule Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Transgenic CD19-hBtk mice with B cell–specific BTK overexpression show spontaneous germinal center formation, anti-nuclear autoantibodies, and systemic autoimmunity resembling lupus and Sjögren syndrome. However, it remains unknown how T cells are engaged in this pathology. In… Continue reading Enhanced Expression of Brutons Tyrosine Kinase in B Cells Drives Systemic Autoimmunity by Disrupting T Cell Homeostasis AUTOIMMUNITY

Type I IFNs Regulate Inflammation, Vasculopathy, and Fibrosis in Chronic Cutaneous Graft-versus-Host Disease AUTOIMMUNITY

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

Type I IFNs play a critical role in the immune response to viral infection and may also drive autoimmunity through modulation of monocyte maturation and promotion of autoreactive lymphocyte survival. Recent demonstrations of type I IFN gene signatures in autoimmune diseases, including scleroderma, led us to investigate the pathological role of IFNs in a preclinical… Continue reading Type I IFNs Regulate Inflammation, Vasculopathy, and Fibrosis in Chronic Cutaneous Graft-versus-Host Disease AUTOIMMUNITY

Bioinformatic profiling identifies an immune-related risk signature for glioblastoma

orlsfakianakisστοOtoRhinoLaryngology by Sfakianakis G.AlexandrosΠριν από 53 δευτερόλεπτα

Objective: To investigate the local immune status and its prognostic value in glioma. Methods: A cohort of 297 glioma samples with whole genome microarray expression data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database were included for discovery. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used for validation. Principal components analysis and gene set enrichment analysis… Continue reading Bioinformatic profiling identifies an immune-related risk signature for glioblastoma

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein in patients under 18 years of age

sfakianakismedicsστοORL ALLERGY AESTHETICS ANATOMY Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174Πριν από 54 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 Source:International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Author(s): K. Kumar, M. Nagarjuna, R. Raut, H. Pipalia from OroFacial via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1WVjqWo via IFTTT

Mutual influences between native and non-native vowels in production: Evidence from short-term visual articulatory feedback training

Alexandros G. SfakianakisστοΦωνή κ' ΛόγοςΠριν από 54 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: July 2016 *Source:*Journal of Phonetics, Volume 57 Author(s): Natalia Kartushina, Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Ulrich Hans Frauenfelder, Narly Golestani We studied mutual influences between native and non-native vowel production during learning, i.e., before and after short-term visual articulatory feedback training with non-native sounds. Monolingual French speakers were trained to produce two non-native vowels: the Danish /ɔ/, which is similar to the French /o/, and the Russian /ɨ/, which is dissimilar from French vowels. We examined relationships between the production...περισσότερα »

Deformation, decomposition and hardening behavior of nano Al7075 alloy prepared by mechanical milling and hot pressing

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 57 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2016 Source:Advanced Powder Technology Author(s): Tuhin Das, R. Karunanithi, Arijit Sinha, K.S. Ghosh, Supriya Bera Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy with different crystallite size is prepared by mechanical milling and high temperature consolidation. X-ray line profile analysis and HRTEM image show high temperature consolidation results insignificant grain coarsening. Microhardness of the alloy […]

Comparison of Eligibility Criteria Between Protocols, Registries, and Publications of Cancer Clinical Trials

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 57 δευτερόλεπτα

Trial registration and public accessibility of appended or published protocols of phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) allow comparison of reported research with essential aspects of trial design. We determined how eligibility criteria of participants specified in protocols were described in trial registries and articles of 255 cancer RCTs published in leading journals. The mean […]

p110{alpha} inhibition alters PanNETs progression

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 57 δευτερόλεπτα

Purpose: Mutations in the PI3-kinase (PI3K) pathway occur in 16% of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs), which suggests that these tumors are an exciting setting for PI3K/AKT/mTOR pharmacological intervention. Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, is being used to treat patients with advanced PanNETs. However, resistance to mTOR targeted therapy is emerging partially due to the […]

Mutual influences between native and non-native vowels in production: Evidence from short-term visual articulatory feedback training

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 57 δευτερόλεπτα

Publication date: July 2016 Source:Journal of Phonetics, Volume 57 Author(s): Natalia Kartushina, Alexis Hervais-Adelman, Ulrich Hans Frauenfelder, Narly Golestani We studied mutual influences between native and non-native vowel production during learning, i.e., before and after short-term visual articulatory feedback training with non-native sounds. Monolingual French speakers were trained to produce two non-native vowels: the Danish […]

PD-1 Pathway Blockade in EGFR-mutant and ALK-positive NSCLC

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 57 δευτερόλεπτα

Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors are established agents in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, only a subset of patients derives clinical benefit. To determine the activity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors within clinically-relevant molecular subgroups, we retrospectively evaluated response patterns among EGFR-mutant, ALK-positive, and EGFR wild-type/ALK-negative patients. Experimental Design: We identified 58 patients treated with […]

MELK confers radioresistance in TNBC

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 57 δευτερόλεπτα

Purpose: While effective targeted therapies exist for estrogen receptor-positive and HER2-positive breast cancer, no such effective therapies exist for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), thus it is clear that additional targets for radiosensitization and treatment are critically needed. Experimental Design: Expression microarrays, qRT-PCR, and western blotting were used to assess MELK RNA and protein expression levels. […]

IMA950 Phase I Trial Final Results

fasoladaellinikiστοOTOLARYNGOLOGY LIFELONG LEARNING : OTOLARYNGOLOGY BY ALEXANDROS SFAKIANAKIS,GREECE CRETE,ANAPAFSEOS 5 AGIOS NIKOLAOS 72100,TEL : 00302841026182,00306932607174Πριν από 57 δευτερόλεπτα

PURPOSE: To perform a two-cohort, phase 1 safety and immunogenicity study of IMA950 in addition to standard chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) and adjuvant temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM). IMA950 is a novel GBM specific therapeutic vaccine containing 11 tumor-associated peptides (TUMAPs), identified on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) surface receptors in primary human GBM tissue. […]

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