Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Related Articles

Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):565-75

Authors: Shepard TG, Veldhuizen MG, Marks LE

Abstract
A mixture of perceptually congruent gustatory and olfactory flavorants (sucrose and citral) was previously shown to be detected faster than predicted by a model of probability summation that assumes stochastically independent processing of the individual gustatory and olfactory signals. This outcome suggests substantial integration of the signals. Does substantial integration also characterize responses to mixtures of incongruent flavorants? Here, we report simple response times (RTs) to detect brief pulses of 3 possible flavorants: monosodium glutamate, MSG (gustatory: "umami" quality), citral (olfactory: citrus quality), and a mixture of MSG and citral (gustatory-olfactory). Each stimulus (and, on a fraction of trials, water) was presented orally through a computer-operated, automated flow system, and subjects were instructed to press a button as soon as they detected any of the 3 non-water stimuli. Unlike responses previously found to the congruent mixture of sucrose and citral, responses here to the incongruent mixture of MSG and citral took significantly longer (RTs were greater) and showed lower detection rates than the values predicted by probability summation. This outcome suggests that the integration of gustatory and olfactory flavor signals is less extensive when the component flavors are perceptually incongruent rather than congruent, perhaps because incongruent flavors are less familiar.

PMID: 26304508 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Related Articles

No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):557-63

Authors: Tucker RM, Nuessle TM, Garneau NL, Smutzer G, Mattes RD

Abstract
Findings from studies examining interactions between fat taste and dietary fat intake or body weight are mixed. A convenience sample of 735 visitors to the Denver Museum of Nature & Science ≥8 years old rated the taste intensity of edible taste strips impregnated with varying concentrations (%v/v) of linoleic acid (LA) (blank = 0.0, low = 0.06, medium = 0.15, high = 0.38). Percent body fat (BF%) was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Fat taste intensity was rated as significantly different across all concentrations (P < 0.001) except between the blank and low concentrations (P = 0.1). Ratings increased monotonically across concentrations. Children (<18 years; N = 180) rated all concentrations as more intense than adults (P < 0.001 for all). Women and girls rated the highest concentration as more intense than men and boys (P < 0.02 for all). BF% was not correlated with fat taste intensity ratings. Self-reported dietary intake indicated that obese individuals' intensity ratings for medium and high concentrations of LA were inversely related to recent mono- and poly-unsaturated fat exposure (r = -0.19 to -0.27; P < 0.03 for all). No such associations were observed in the nonobese group. Findings suggest that factors other than simple adiposity status influence fat taste intensity ratings, and that participants in fat taste studies should receive standardized meals prior to testing.

PMID: 26232811 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Blood alcohol concentration in fatally injured drivers and the efficacy of alcohol policies of the new law on road traffic safety: A retrospective 10-year study in autonomous province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia

10.1080/15389588.2015.1125479<br/>Stojan Petković

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[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].:

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

Bull Cancer. 2016 Jun;103(6):511-2

Authors: Penel N

PMID: 27312351 [PubMed - in process]

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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma among Brazilian agricultural workers: A death certificate case-control study

10.1080/19338244.2016.1179167<br/>Patricia de Moraes Mello Boccolini

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IJERPH, Vol. 13, Pages 610: Hand-Washing: The Main Strategy for Avoiding Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Epidemics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) among children have caused concern in China since 2007. We have conducted a retrospective study to investigate risk factors associated with HFMD. In this non-matching case-control study, 99 HFMD patients and 126 control from Guangdong Province were enlisted as participants. Data comprising demographic, socio-economic, clinical and behavior factors were collected from children's parents through face-to-face interviews by trained interviewers using a standardized questionnaire. Results of the primary logistic regression analyses revealed that age, history of cold food consumption, hand-washing routines, and airing out bedding were significantly associated with HFMD cases. Results of further multivariate analysis indicated that older age (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34–0.56) and hand-washing before meals (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.13–0.70) are protective factors, whereas airing out bedding more than thrice a month (OR = 4.55, 95% CI: 1.19–17.37) was associated with increased risk for HFMD. Therefore, hand-washing should be recommended to prevent HFMD, and the potential threat of airing out bedding should be carefully considered. However, further studies are needed to examine other possible risk factors.

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Ankle fracture patterns in drivers are associated with femoral fracture, higher BMI, and advanced age

10.1080/15389588.2015.1120296<br/>Aaron Wynkoop

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Table of Contents.

Table of Contents.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313222 [PubMed - in process]

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Long-Lasting Metabolic Imbalance Related to Obesity Alters Olfactory Tissue Homeostasis and Impairs Olfactory-Driven Behaviors.

Related Articles

Long-Lasting Metabolic Imbalance Related to Obesity Alters Olfactory Tissue Homeostasis and Impairs Olfactory-Driven Behaviors.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):537-56

Authors: Lacroix MC, Caillol M, Durieux D, Monnerie R, Grebert D, Pellerin L, Repond C, Tolle V, Zizzari P, Baly C

Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic food intake disorders and binge eating. Food intake relies on the interaction between homeostatic regulation and hedonic signals among which, olfaction is a major sensory determinant. However, its potential modulation at the peripheral level by a chronic energy imbalance associated to obese status remains a matter of debate. We further investigated the olfactory function in a rodent model relevant to the situation encountered in obese humans, where genetic susceptibility is juxtaposed on chronic eating disorders. Using several olfactory-driven tests, we compared the behaviors of obesity-prone Sprague-Dawley rats (OP) fed with a high-fat/high-sugar diet with those of obese-resistant ones fed with normal chow. In OP rats, we reported 1) decreased odor threshold, but 2) poor olfactory performances, associated with learning/memory deficits, 3) decreased influence of fasting, and 4) impaired insulin control on food seeking behavior. Associated with these behavioral modifications, we found a modulation of metabolism-related factors implicated in 1) electrical olfactory signal regulation (insulin receptor), 2) cellular dynamics (glucorticoids receptors, pro- and antiapoptotic factors), and 3) homeostasis of the olfactory mucosa and bulb (monocarboxylate and glucose transporters). Such impairments might participate to the perturbed daily food intake pattern that we observed in obese animals.

PMID: 26209545 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Call for Papers.

Call for Papers.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313223 [PubMed - in process]

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Subscriptions.

Subscriptions.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313221 [PubMed - in process]

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Editorial Board.

Editorial Board.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313220 [PubMed - in process]

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Cover.

Cover.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313219 [PubMed - in process]

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Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Related Articles

Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):565-75

Authors: Shepard TG, Veldhuizen MG, Marks LE

Abstract
A mixture of perceptually congruent gustatory and olfactory flavorants (sucrose and citral) was previously shown to be detected faster than predicted by a model of probability summation that assumes stochastically independent processing of the individual gustatory and olfactory signals. This outcome suggests substantial integration of the signals. Does substantial integration also characterize responses to mixtures of incongruent flavorants? Here, we report simple response times (RTs) to detect brief pulses of 3 possible flavorants: monosodium glutamate, MSG (gustatory: "umami" quality), citral (olfactory: citrus quality), and a mixture of MSG and citral (gustatory-olfactory). Each stimulus (and, on a fraction of trials, water) was presented orally through a computer-operated, automated flow system, and subjects were instructed to press a button as soon as they detected any of the 3 non-water stimuli. Unlike responses previously found to the congruent mixture of sucrose and citral, responses here to the incongruent mixture of MSG and citral took significantly longer (RTs were greater) and showed lower detection rates than the values predicted by probability summation. This outcome suggests that the integration of gustatory and olfactory flavor signals is less extensive when the component flavors are perceptually incongruent rather than congruent, perhaps because incongruent flavors are less familiar.

PMID: 26304508 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Related Articles

No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):557-63

Authors: Tucker RM, Nuessle TM, Garneau NL, Smutzer G, Mattes RD

Abstract
Findings from studies examining interactions between fat taste and dietary fat intake or body weight are mixed. A convenience sample of 735 visitors to the Denver Museum of Nature & Science ≥8 years old rated the taste intensity of edible taste strips impregnated with varying concentrations (%v/v) of linoleic acid (LA) (blank = 0.0, low = 0.06, medium = 0.15, high = 0.38). Percent body fat (BF%) was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Fat taste intensity was rated as significantly different across all concentrations (P < 0.001) except between the blank and low concentrations (P = 0.1). Ratings increased monotonically across concentrations. Children (<18 years; N = 180) rated all concentrations as more intense than adults (P < 0.001 for all). Women and girls rated the highest concentration as more intense than men and boys (P < 0.02 for all). BF% was not correlated with fat taste intensity ratings. Self-reported dietary intake indicated that obese individuals' intensity ratings for medium and high concentrations of LA were inversely related to recent mono- and poly-unsaturated fat exposure (r = -0.19 to -0.27; P < 0.03 for all). No such associations were observed in the nonobese group. Findings suggest that factors other than simple adiposity status influence fat taste intensity ratings, and that participants in fat taste studies should receive standardized meals prior to testing.

PMID: 26232811 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma among Brazilian agricultural workers: A death certificate case-control study

10.1080/19338244.2016.1179167<br/>Patricia de Moraes Mello Boccolini

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Blood alcohol concentration in fatally injured drivers and the efficacy of alcohol policies of the new law on road traffic safety: A retrospective 10-year study in autonomous province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia

10.1080/15389588.2015.1125479<br/>Stojan Petković

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[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].:

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

Bull Cancer. 2016 Jun;103(6):511-2

Authors: Penel N

PMID: 27312351 [PubMed - in process]

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IJERPH, Vol. 13, Pages 610: Hand-Washing: The Main Strategy for Avoiding Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Epidemics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) among children have caused concern in China since 2007. We have conducted a retrospective study to investigate risk factors associated with HFMD. In this non-matching case-control study, 99 HFMD patients and 126 control from Guangdong Province were enlisted as participants. Data comprising demographic, socio-economic, clinical and behavior factors were collected from children's parents through face-to-face interviews by trained interviewers using a standardized questionnaire. Results of the primary logistic regression analyses revealed that age, history of cold food consumption, hand-washing routines, and airing out bedding were significantly associated with HFMD cases. Results of further multivariate analysis indicated that older age (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34–0.56) and hand-washing before meals (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.13–0.70) are protective factors, whereas airing out bedding more than thrice a month (OR = 4.55, 95% CI: 1.19–17.37) was associated with increased risk for HFMD. Therefore, hand-washing should be recommended to prevent HFMD, and the potential threat of airing out bedding should be carefully considered. However, further studies are needed to examine other possible risk factors.

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Ankle fracture patterns in drivers are associated with femoral fracture, higher BMI, and advanced age

10.1080/15389588.2015.1120296<br/>Aaron Wynkoop

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Call for Papers.

Call for Papers.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313223 [PubMed - in process]

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Table of Contents.

Table of Contents.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313222 [PubMed - in process]

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Subscriptions.

Subscriptions.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313221 [PubMed - in process]

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Editorial Board.

Editorial Board.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313220 [PubMed - in process]

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Cover.

Cover.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313219 [PubMed - in process]

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Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Related Articles

Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):565-75

Authors: Shepard TG, Veldhuizen MG, Marks LE

Abstract
A mixture of perceptually congruent gustatory and olfactory flavorants (sucrose and citral) was previously shown to be detected faster than predicted by a model of probability summation that assumes stochastically independent processing of the individual gustatory and olfactory signals. This outcome suggests substantial integration of the signals. Does substantial integration also characterize responses to mixtures of incongruent flavorants? Here, we report simple response times (RTs) to detect brief pulses of 3 possible flavorants: monosodium glutamate, MSG (gustatory: "umami" quality), citral (olfactory: citrus quality), and a mixture of MSG and citral (gustatory-olfactory). Each stimulus (and, on a fraction of trials, water) was presented orally through a computer-operated, automated flow system, and subjects were instructed to press a button as soon as they detected any of the 3 non-water stimuli. Unlike responses previously found to the congruent mixture of sucrose and citral, responses here to the incongruent mixture of MSG and citral took significantly longer (RTs were greater) and showed lower detection rates than the values predicted by probability summation. This outcome suggests that the integration of gustatory and olfactory flavor signals is less extensive when the component flavors are perceptually incongruent rather than congruent, perhaps because incongruent flavors are less familiar.

PMID: 26304508 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Related Articles

No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):557-63

Authors: Tucker RM, Nuessle TM, Garneau NL, Smutzer G, Mattes RD

Abstract
Findings from studies examining interactions between fat taste and dietary fat intake or body weight are mixed. A convenience sample of 735 visitors to the Denver Museum of Nature & Science ≥8 years old rated the taste intensity of edible taste strips impregnated with varying concentrations (%v/v) of linoleic acid (LA) (blank = 0.0, low = 0.06, medium = 0.15, high = 0.38). Percent body fat (BF%) was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Fat taste intensity was rated as significantly different across all concentrations (P < 0.001) except between the blank and low concentrations (P = 0.1). Ratings increased monotonically across concentrations. Children (<18 years; N = 180) rated all concentrations as more intense than adults (P < 0.001 for all). Women and girls rated the highest concentration as more intense than men and boys (P < 0.02 for all). BF% was not correlated with fat taste intensity ratings. Self-reported dietary intake indicated that obese individuals' intensity ratings for medium and high concentrations of LA were inversely related to recent mono- and poly-unsaturated fat exposure (r = -0.19 to -0.27; P < 0.03 for all). No such associations were observed in the nonobese group. Findings suggest that factors other than simple adiposity status influence fat taste intensity ratings, and that participants in fat taste studies should receive standardized meals prior to testing.

PMID: 26232811 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Long-Lasting Metabolic Imbalance Related to Obesity Alters Olfactory Tissue Homeostasis and Impairs Olfactory-Driven Behaviors.

Related Articles

Long-Lasting Metabolic Imbalance Related to Obesity Alters Olfactory Tissue Homeostasis and Impairs Olfactory-Driven Behaviors.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):537-56

Authors: Lacroix MC, Caillol M, Durieux D, Monnerie R, Grebert D, Pellerin L, Repond C, Tolle V, Zizzari P, Baly C

Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic food intake disorders and binge eating. Food intake relies on the interaction between homeostatic regulation and hedonic signals among which, olfaction is a major sensory determinant. However, its potential modulation at the peripheral level by a chronic energy imbalance associated to obese status remains a matter of debate. We further investigated the olfactory function in a rodent model relevant to the situation encountered in obese humans, where genetic susceptibility is juxtaposed on chronic eating disorders. Using several olfactory-driven tests, we compared the behaviors of obesity-prone Sprague-Dawley rats (OP) fed with a high-fat/high-sugar diet with those of obese-resistant ones fed with normal chow. In OP rats, we reported 1) decreased odor threshold, but 2) poor olfactory performances, associated with learning/memory deficits, 3) decreased influence of fasting, and 4) impaired insulin control on food seeking behavior. Associated with these behavioral modifications, we found a modulation of metabolism-related factors implicated in 1) electrical olfactory signal regulation (insulin receptor), 2) cellular dynamics (glucorticoids receptors, pro- and antiapoptotic factors), and 3) homeostasis of the olfactory mucosa and bulb (monocarboxylate and glucose transporters). Such impairments might participate to the perturbed daily food intake pattern that we observed in obese animals.

PMID: 26209545 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].:

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

Bull Cancer. 2016 Jun;103(6):511-2

Authors: Penel N

PMID: 27312351 [PubMed - in process]

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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma among Brazilian agricultural workers: A death certificate case-control study

10.1080/19338244.2016.1179167<br/>Patricia de Moraes Mello Boccolini

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Blood alcohol concentration in fatally injured drivers and the efficacy of alcohol policies of the new law on road traffic safety: A retrospective 10-year study in autonomous province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia

10.1080/15389588.2015.1125479<br/>Stojan Petković

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Ankle fracture patterns in drivers are associated with femoral fracture, higher BMI, and advanced age

10.1080/15389588.2015.1120296<br/>Aaron Wynkoop

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IJERPH, Vol. 13, Pages 610: Hand-Washing: The Main Strategy for Avoiding Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Epidemics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) among children have caused concern in China since 2007. We have conducted a retrospective study to investigate risk factors associated with HFMD. In this non-matching case-control study, 99 HFMD patients and 126 control from Guangdong Province were enlisted as participants. Data comprising demographic, socio-economic, clinical and behavior factors were collected from children's parents through face-to-face interviews by trained interviewers using a standardized questionnaire. Results of the primary logistic regression analyses revealed that age, history of cold food consumption, hand-washing routines, and airing out bedding were significantly associated with HFMD cases. Results of further multivariate analysis indicated that older age (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34–0.56) and hand-washing before meals (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.13–0.70) are protective factors, whereas airing out bedding more than thrice a month (OR = 4.55, 95% CI: 1.19–17.37) was associated with increased risk for HFMD. Therefore, hand-washing should be recommended to prevent HFMD, and the potential threat of airing out bedding should be carefully considered. However, further studies are needed to examine other possible risk factors.

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Call for Papers.

Call for Papers.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313223 [PubMed - in process]

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Table of Contents.

Table of Contents.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313222 [PubMed - in process]

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Subscriptions.

Subscriptions.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313221 [PubMed - in process]

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Editorial Board.

Editorial Board.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313220 [PubMed - in process]

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Cover.

Cover.

Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):NP

Authors:

PMID: 27313219 [PubMed - in process]

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Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Related Articles

Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):565-75

Authors: Shepard TG, Veldhuizen MG, Marks LE

Abstract
A mixture of perceptually congruent gustatory and olfactory flavorants (sucrose and citral) was previously shown to be detected faster than predicted by a model of probability summation that assumes stochastically independent processing of the individual gustatory and olfactory signals. This outcome suggests substantial integration of the signals. Does substantial integration also characterize responses to mixtures of incongruent flavorants? Here, we report simple response times (RTs) to detect brief pulses of 3 possible flavorants: monosodium glutamate, MSG (gustatory: "umami" quality), citral (olfactory: citrus quality), and a mixture of MSG and citral (gustatory-olfactory). Each stimulus (and, on a fraction of trials, water) was presented orally through a computer-operated, automated flow system, and subjects were instructed to press a button as soon as they detected any of the 3 non-water stimuli. Unlike responses previously found to the congruent mixture of sucrose and citral, responses here to the incongruent mixture of MSG and citral took significantly longer (RTs were greater) and showed lower detection rates than the values predicted by probability summation. This outcome suggests that the integration of gustatory and olfactory flavor signals is less extensive when the component flavors are perceptually incongruent rather than congruent, perhaps because incongruent flavors are less familiar.

PMID: 26304508 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Related Articles

No Difference in Perceived Intensity of Linoleic Acid in the Oral Cavity between Obese and Nonobese Individuals.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):557-63

Authors: Tucker RM, Nuessle TM, Garneau NL, Smutzer G, Mattes RD

Abstract
Findings from studies examining interactions between fat taste and dietary fat intake or body weight are mixed. A convenience sample of 735 visitors to the Denver Museum of Nature & Science ≥8 years old rated the taste intensity of edible taste strips impregnated with varying concentrations (%v/v) of linoleic acid (LA) (blank = 0.0, low = 0.06, medium = 0.15, high = 0.38). Percent body fat (BF%) was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Fat taste intensity was rated as significantly different across all concentrations (P < 0.001) except between the blank and low concentrations (P = 0.1). Ratings increased monotonically across concentrations. Children (<18 years; N = 180) rated all concentrations as more intense than adults (P < 0.001 for all). Women and girls rated the highest concentration as more intense than men and boys (P < 0.02 for all). BF% was not correlated with fat taste intensity ratings. Self-reported dietary intake indicated that obese individuals' intensity ratings for medium and high concentrations of LA were inversely related to recent mono- and poly-unsaturated fat exposure (r = -0.19 to -0.27; P < 0.03 for all). No such associations were observed in the nonobese group. Findings suggest that factors other than simple adiposity status influence fat taste intensity ratings, and that participants in fat taste studies should receive standardized meals prior to testing.

PMID: 26232811 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Long-Lasting Metabolic Imbalance Related to Obesity Alters Olfactory Tissue Homeostasis and Impairs Olfactory-Driven Behaviors.

Related Articles

Long-Lasting Metabolic Imbalance Related to Obesity Alters Olfactory Tissue Homeostasis and Impairs Olfactory-Driven Behaviors.

Chem Senses. 2015 Oct;40(8):537-56

Authors: Lacroix MC, Caillol M, Durieux D, Monnerie R, Grebert D, Pellerin L, Repond C, Tolle V, Zizzari P, Baly C

Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic food intake disorders and binge eating. Food intake relies on the interaction between homeostatic regulation and hedonic signals among which, olfaction is a major sensory determinant. However, its potential modulation at the peripheral level by a chronic energy imbalance associated to obese status remains a matter of debate. We further investigated the olfactory function in a rodent model relevant to the situation encountered in obese humans, where genetic susceptibility is juxtaposed on chronic eating disorders. Using several olfactory-driven tests, we compared the behaviors of obesity-prone Sprague-Dawley rats (OP) fed with a high-fat/high-sugar diet with those of obese-resistant ones fed with normal chow. In OP rats, we reported 1) decreased odor threshold, but 2) poor olfactory performances, associated with learning/memory deficits, 3) decreased influence of fasting, and 4) impaired insulin control on food seeking behavior. Associated with these behavioral modifications, we found a modulation of metabolism-related factors implicated in 1) electrical olfactory signal regulation (insulin receptor), 2) cellular dynamics (glucorticoids receptors, pro- and antiapoptotic factors), and 3) homeostasis of the olfactory mucosa and bulb (monocarboxylate and glucose transporters). Such impairments might participate to the perturbed daily food intake pattern that we observed in obese animals.

PMID: 26209545 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].:

[Phase 1 of clinical trial: The issue of dose-escalating].

Bull Cancer. 2016 Jun;103(6):511-2

Authors: Penel N

PMID: 27312351 [PubMed - in process]

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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma among Brazilian agricultural workers: A death certificate case-control study

10.1080/19338244.2016.1179167<br/>Patricia de Moraes Mello Boccolini

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Blood alcohol concentration in fatally injured drivers and the efficacy of alcohol policies of the new law on road traffic safety: A retrospective 10-year study in autonomous province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia

10.1080/15389588.2015.1125479<br/>Stojan Petković

http://ift.tt/1WT9BYC


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Ankle fracture patterns in drivers are associated with femoral fracture, higher BMI, and advanced age

10.1080/15389588.2015.1120296<br/>Aaron Wynkoop

http://ift.tt/1WTa2Cn


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IJERPH, Vol. 13, Pages 610: Hand-Washing: The Main Strategy for Avoiding Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Epidemics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) among children have caused concern in China since 2007. We have conducted a retrospective study to investigate risk factors associated with HFMD. In this non-matching case-control study, 99 HFMD patients and 126 control from Guangdong Province were enlisted as participants. Data comprising demographic, socio-economic, clinical and behavior factors were collected from children's parents through face-to-face interviews by trained interviewers using a standardized questionnaire. Results of the primary logistic regression analyses revealed that age, history of cold food consumption, hand-washing routines, and airing out bedding were significantly associated with HFMD cases. Results of further multivariate analysis indicated that older age (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34–0.56) and hand-washing before meals (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.13–0.70) are protective factors, whereas airing out bedding more than thrice a month (OR = 4.55, 95% CI: 1.19–17.37) was associated with increased risk for HFMD. Therefore, hand-washing should be recommended to prevent HFMD, and the potential threat of airing out bedding should be carefully considered. However, further studies are needed to examine other possible risk factors.

http://ift.tt/21rZEQt


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Understanding traffic crash under-reporting: Linking police and medical records to individual and crash characteristics

10.1080/15389588.2015.1128533<br/>Kira H. Janstrup

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Reducing the risk of rear-end collisions with infrastructure-to-vehicle (I2V) integration of variable speed limit control and adaptive cruise control system

10.1080/15389588.2015.1121384<br/>Ye Li

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IIHS head restraint ratings and insurance injury claim rates

10.1080/15389588.2015.1128534<br/>Rebecca E. Trempel

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Prevalence and characteristics of road traffic injuries among young drivers in Oman, 2009–2011

10.1080/15389588.2015.1107679<br/>Hamed Al Reesi

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