Microsurgery with or without Neuroendoscopy in Petroclival Meningiomas.

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Microsurgery with or without Neuroendoscopy in Petroclival Meningiomas.

Turk Neurosurg. 2015;25(2):231-8

Authors: Zhou QJ, Liu B, Geng DJ, Fu Q, Cheng XJ, Kadeer K, DU GJ, Wang YX, Luan XP

Abstract
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the operative procedure for neuroendoscope-assisted microscopic resection of petroclival meningioma to improve prognosis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve patients with petroclival meningioma who had undergone neuroendoscope-assisted microscopic resection at the Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were selected. In addition, 12 patients with petroclival meningioma who had undergone microscopic surgery were used as control. Clinical data from the 24 cases of petroclival meningioma were analyzed.
RESULTS: For the neuroendoscope-assisted group, six, five, and one cases were respectively subjected to total resection, subtotal resection, and most resection. For the microscopic surgery group, two, three, and seven cases were respectively subjected to total resection, subtotal resection, and most resection. Both the total and subtotal resection rates of petroclival meningioma in the neuroendoscope-assisted group were significantly higher than those in the microscopic surgery group (p < 0.05). No difference was observed for short-term and long-term complications (p > 0.05) between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: Neuroendoscope-assisted microscopic resection for petroclival meningioma can improve the total and subtotal resection rates of the tumor. Moreover, this method does not increase postoperative short-term and long-term complications.

PMID: 26014005 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Intracranial plasmacytoma with hypoglossal nerve palsy in multiple myeloma.

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Intracranial plasmacytoma with hypoglossal nerve palsy in multiple myeloma.

Postgrad Med J. 2015 Mar;91(1073):174-5

Authors: Sin WY, Grant I

PMID: 25740318 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Comparison of lateral microsurgical preauricular and anterior endoscopic approaches to the jugular foramen.

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Comparison of lateral microsurgical preauricular and anterior endoscopic approaches to the jugular foramen.

J Laryngol Otol. 2015 Mar;129 Suppl 2:S12-20

Authors: Komune N, Komune S, Matsushima K, Rhoton AL

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This project compares access to the anterolateral part of the jugular foramen provided by the lateral microsurgical preauricular and the anterior endoscopic approaches, and defines the important landmarks involved in each approach.
STUDY DESIGN: Cadaveric study.
RESULTS: The endoscopic transnasal/transmaxillary transpterygoid corridor provides a less invasive route for selected lesions in the jugular foramen than the traditional open route through the preauricular subtemporal infratemporal fossa approach. However, the anterior endoscopic approach provides a smaller channel to the jugular foramen than the preauricular approach.
CONCLUSIONS: The anterior endoscopic approach to the anterolateral part of the jugular foramen is a useful alternative to the lateral microsurgical preauricular approach in carefully selected cases. The vaginal process of the tympanic part of the temporal bone provides a valuable landmark to aid in accessing the jugular foramen in both procedures and can be drilled to open the foramen in the preauricular approach.

PMID: 25706154 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Infiltration with lidocaine and adrenaline instead of normal saline does not improve the septoplasty procedure.

Infiltration with lidocaine and adrenaline instead of normal saline does not improve the septoplasty procedure.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Dec 29;

Authors: Gungor V, Baklaci D, Kum RO, Yilmaz YF, Ozcan M, Unal A

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether infiltration of local anesthetics with adrenaline improved septoplasty procedure when compared to normal saline. Eight-two patients undergoing septoplasty were randomized into two groups. In group 1, septal mucoperichondrium was infiltrated with lidocaine with adrenaline, and normal saline was used in group 2. Presence of intra-operative septal mucosal injuries, the amount of bleeding, arterial blood pressure, operation time as well as the quality of the surgical field and the convenience of finding the correct surgical plane as determined by the surgeon using a 5-point scale were compared between two groups. There were no significant differences for the amount of blood loss, mean arterial pressure, operation time, or scores for convenience of finding the correct surgical plane between the two groups. There was no significant difference for intra-operative simple (P = 0.631) and total (simple+severe) (P = 0.649) septal mucoperichondrial injuries between groups 1 and 2, either. However, severe mucoperichondrial injury rate was higher in the patients infiltrated with lidocaine and adrenaline (P = 0.026), and the quality of the surgical field was worse in the patients injected with normal saline (P = 0.0179). Infiltration of septal mucoperichondrium with lidocaine and adrenaline instead of normal saline was not advantageous in terms of objective parameters tested, including bleeding amount and duration of surgery as well as the of the total mucosal injury rate in septoplasty procedure.

PMID: 26714803 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Atmosphere, Vol. 7, Pages 5: Variation Characteristics of Rainfall in the Pre-Flood Season of South China and Its Correlation with Sea Surface Temperature of Pacific

The characteristics of rainfall variation in the pre-flood season of South China (PFSSC) and its correlation with the sea surface temperature (SST) of the Pacific are studied in this paper. The results show that in the last 50 years, rainfall in PFSSC clearly has interannual and interdecadal oscillations, primarily in the 4a and 8a cycles. Interannual correlation analysis indicate that the rainfall in PFSSC displays a significantly negative correlation with the SST of the warm pool region in January–March and April–June. The interdecadal correlation analysis reveals that the rainfall in PFSSC is negatively correlated to the SST of the warm pool region, but has a significant positive interdecadal correlation with the Middle Eastern Pacific Ocean. For NINO1 + 2 and NINO3 regions, when the background ocean temperature is warm, the SST is significantly positively correlated to the rainfall in PFSSC; however, when the background ocean temperature is cold, there is no significant correlation between the two, even the correlation coefficients are negative. For the warm pool region, the SST demonstrates a significantly negative correlation to the rainfall in PFSSC, which is not dependent on the background SST. It is a remarkable fact that under the different SST backgrounds, the interannual variation of SST will bring different atmospheric response, and it is the reason that under the warm SST background, the correlation is more significant between the SST in tropical Pacific and the rainfall in PFSSC. Under the background of global warming, more attention should be given to study the rainfall in PFSSC and its correlation with the SST in the eastern tropical Pacific.

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Membranes, Vol. 6, Pages 6: Analytical and Finite Element Modeling of Nanomembranes for Miniaturized, Continuous Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis involves large, periodic treatment doses using large-area membranes. If the permeability of dialysis membranes could be increased, it would reduce the necessary dialyzer size and could enable a wearable device that administers a continuous, low dose treatment of chronic kidney disease. This paper explores the application of ultrathin silicon membranes to this purpose, by way of analytical and finite element models of diffusive and convective transport of plasma solutes during hemodialysis, which we show to be predictive of experimental results. A proof-of-concept miniature nanomembrane dialyzer design is then proposed and analytically predicted to clear uremic toxins at near-ideal levels, as measured by several markers of dialysis adequacy. This work suggests the feasibility of miniature nanomembrane-based dialyzers that achieve therapeutic levels of uremic toxin clearance for patients with kidney failure.

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Molecules, Vol. 21, Pages 30: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Effect of Some Novel 1,2-Dihydropyridin-3-carbonitrile and Nicotinonitrile Derivatives

1-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propen-1-one (1) was prepared and reacted with an active methylene compound (ethyl cyanoacetate) in the presence of ammonium acetate to give the corresponding cyanopyridone 2. Compound 2 reacted with hydrazine hydrate, malononitrile, ethyl bromoacetate and phosphorous oxychloride to afford compounds 4 and 7–11, respectively. The 2-chloropyridine derivative 11 reacted with different primary amines, namely benzyl amine, piperonyl amine, 1-phenylethyl amine, and/or the secondary amines 2-methyl-pipridine and morpholine to give the corresponding derivatives 12–15. Hydrazinolysis of chloropyridine derivative 11 with hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding hydrazino derivative 17. Condensation of compound 17 with ethyl acetoacetate, acetylacetone, isatin and different aldehydes gave the corresponding derivatives 18–21. Some of newly synthesized compounds were screened for cytotoxic activity against three tumor cell lines. The results indicated that compounds 8 and 16 showed the best results, exhibiting the highest inhibitory effects towards the three tumor cell lines, which were higher than that of the reference doxorubicin and these compounds were non-cytotoxic towards normal cells (IC50 values > 100 μg/mL).

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