Insertion of Cochlear Implant Electrode Array Using the Underwater Technique for Preserving Residual Hearing.

Objective: To describe a method of cochlear implantation in which the opening of the cochlea and the electrode array insertion are performed under water (underwater technique). Study Design: Retrospective patient review. Setting: Academic tertiary referral center. Patients: Fifteen implantations in children and adult patients with residual hearing at the frequencies 250, 500, and 1000 Hz on the unaided preoperative pure-tone audiometry were included in this study. Intervention(s): Cochlear implantation with a conventional full-length electrode, in which the opening of the cochlea and the electrode array insertion are performed after the tympanic cavity was filled with body-temperature Ringer solution. Main Outcome Measure(s): Changes on residual hearing 6 to 8 weeks after surgery and at subsequent follow-up appointments were analyzed. Preservation of residual hearing was defined as measurable postoperative threshold at the frequencies 250, 500, and 1000 Hz. Results: Overall postimplant hearing preservation 6 to 8 weeks after implantation was achieved in 13 of the patients (87%). Subsequent follow-up was performed on average 15.2 months after surgery (range, 7-32) in 14 out of 15 patients. At this late postoperative evaluation preservation of hearing was recorded in nine patients (64%), whereas in the remaining five patients (36%) no residual hearing was measured. Conclusion: The underwater technique offers a reliable nontraumatic method for electrode array insertions during cochlear implantation. The method respects the physiology of the cochlea und minimizes the pressure variations during cochlear opening and implantation. Copyright (C) 2016 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1UJhpdf
via IFTTT Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1LJ0vcR
via IFTTT

Long-lasting multifunctional CD8(+) T cell responses in end-stage melanoma patients can be induced by dendritic cell vaccination.

Long-lasting multifunctional CD8(+) T cell responses in end-stage melanoma patients can be induced by dendritic cell vaccination.

Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(1):e1067745

Authors: Wimmers F, Aarntzen EH, Duiveman-deBoer T, Figdor CG, Jacobs JF, Tel J, de Vries IJ

Abstract
Cytotoxic T cells are considered crucial for antitumor immunity and their induction is the aim of various immunotherapeutic strategies. High frequencies of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells alone, however, are no guarantee for long-term tumor control. Here, we analyzed the functionality of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells in melanoma patients upon dendritic cell vaccination by measuring multiple T cell effector functions considered crucial for anticancer immunity, including the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and cytotoxic markers (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2, CCL4, CD107a). We identified small numbers of multifunctional (polyfunctional) tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells in several patients and dendritic cell therapy was able to improve the functionality of these pre-existing tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells. Generated multifunctional CD8(+) T cell responses could persist for up to ten years and within the same patient functionality could vary greatly for the different vaccination antigens. Importantly, after one cycle of DC vaccination highly functional CD8(+) T cells were only detected in patients displaying prolonged overall survival. Our results shed light on the dynamics of multifunctional tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells during metastatic melanoma and reveal a new feature of dendritic cell vaccination in vivo.

PMID: 26942087 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from melanoma2 via als.fakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QxH2vH
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TXrvrn
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QzkzhY
via IFTTT

Targeting TNF alpha as a novel strategy to enhance CD8(+) T cell-dependent immune response in melanoma?

Targeting TNF alpha as a novel strategy to enhance CD8(+) T cell-dependent immune response in melanoma?

Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(1):e1068495

Authors: Bertrand F, Rochotte J, Colacios C, Montfort A, Andrieu-Abadie N, Levade T, Benoist H, Ségui B

Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine exhibiting a dual activity in oncoimmunology, either acting as a cytotoxic effector produced by leukocytes or behaving as an immunosuppressive molecule. We have just discovered that TNF signaling impairs the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T lymphocytes in experimental melanoma.

PMID: 26942089 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from melanoma2 via als.fakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QxH078
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21S5ID6
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21eziAo
via IFTTT

Long-lasting multifunctional CD8(+) T cell responses in end-stage melanoma patients can be induced by dendritic cell vaccination.

Long-lasting multifunctional CD8(+) T cell responses in end-stage melanoma patients can be induced by dendritic cell vaccination.

Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(1):e1067745

Authors: Wimmers F, Aarntzen EH, Duiveman-deBoer T, Figdor CG, Jacobs JF, Tel J, de Vries IJ

Abstract
Cytotoxic T cells are considered crucial for antitumor immunity and their induction is the aim of various immunotherapeutic strategies. High frequencies of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells alone, however, are no guarantee for long-term tumor control. Here, we analyzed the functionality of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells in melanoma patients upon dendritic cell vaccination by measuring multiple T cell effector functions considered crucial for anticancer immunity, including the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and cytotoxic markers (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2, CCL4, CD107a). We identified small numbers of multifunctional (polyfunctional) tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells in several patients and dendritic cell therapy was able to improve the functionality of these pre-existing tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells. Generated multifunctional CD8(+) T cell responses could persist for up to ten years and within the same patient functionality could vary greatly for the different vaccination antigens. Importantly, after one cycle of DC vaccination highly functional CD8(+) T cells were only detected in patients displaying prolonged overall survival. Our results shed light on the dynamics of multifunctional tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells during metastatic melanoma and reveal a new feature of dendritic cell vaccination in vivo.

PMID: 26942087 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from melanoma2 via als.fakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QxH2vH
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TXru6X
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QzkzhW
via IFTTT

Targeting TNF alpha as a novel strategy to enhance CD8(+) T cell-dependent immune response in melanoma?

Targeting TNF alpha as a novel strategy to enhance CD8(+) T cell-dependent immune response in melanoma?

Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(1):e1068495

Authors: Bertrand F, Rochotte J, Colacios C, Montfort A, Andrieu-Abadie N, Levade T, Benoist H, Ségui B

Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine exhibiting a dual activity in oncoimmunology, either acting as a cytotoxic effector produced by leukocytes or behaving as an immunosuppressive molecule. We have just discovered that TNF signaling impairs the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T lymphocytes in experimental melanoma.

PMID: 26942089 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from melanoma2 via als.fakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QxH078
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21S5FXO
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21eziAk
via IFTTT

The extent to which melanoma alters tissue-resident dendritic cell function correlates with tumorigenicity.

The extent to which melanoma alters tissue-resident dendritic cell function correlates with tumorigenicity.

Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(1):e1069462

Authors: Hargadon KM

Abstract
We have shown that melanoma-derived factors alter the function of differentiated tissue-resident dendritic cells (DC) in a tumorigenicity-dependent manner. Soluble factors, including TGFβ1 and VEGF-A, contributed to dendritic cell dysfunction associated with a highly-aggressive melanoma and conferred a phenotype upon DC likely to favor immune escape and tumor outgrowth.

PMID: 26942090 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from melanoma2 via als.fakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21PZqnj
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1TXrsvX
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1QzkB9D
via IFTTT

The extent to which melanoma alters tissue-resident dendritic cell function correlates with tumorigenicity.

The extent to which melanoma alters tissue-resident dendritic cell function correlates with tumorigenicity.

Oncoimmunology. 2016;5(1):e1069462

Authors: Hargadon KM

Abstract
We have shown that melanoma-derived factors alter the function of differentiated tissue-resident dendritic cells (DC) in a tumorigenicity-dependent manner. Soluble factors, including TGFβ1 and VEGF-A, contributed to dendritic cell dysfunction associated with a highly-aggressive melanoma and conferred a phenotype upon DC likely to favor immune escape and tumor outgrowth.

PMID: 26942090 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from melanoma2 via als.fakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21PZqnj
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21S5ImH
via IFTTT

from #Med Blogs by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis via Alexandros G.Sfakianakis on Inoreader http://ift.tt/21ezfEE
via IFTTT