Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Infancy after Coronavirus Infection with Recurrent Rash

Purpura, particularly when accompanied by fever, is a worrisome finding in children. Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is a benign type of small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis that presents with progressive purpura and has an excellent prognosis. Patients with AHEI present with large, target-like purpuric plaques affecting the face, ear lobes, and extremities. While the rapid onset of these skin findings can be dramatic, the child with AHEI is usually well appearing with reassuring laboratory testing. We describe a case of a previously healthy 8-month-old female who presented with progressive purpura in a nondependent distribution, low-grade fevers, and extremity swelling. An extensive workup was performed prior to making the diagnosis of AHEI. Coronavirus was implicated as the likely triggering pathogen, and the patient suffered a recurrence of purpuric rash and swelling several weeks after her initial presentation.

http://ift.tt/2iZOkQ8

Annular lesions of cutaneous sarcoidosis with granulomatous vasculitis

ABSTRACT

Sarcoidosis is known to be involved in diseases with vasculitis as sarcoid vasculitis. However, vasculitis in cutaneous sarcoidal lesions is extremely rare. Here we describe a case of sarcoidosis with multiple annular skin lesions with granulomatous vasculitis. A 62-year-old female was diagnosed with sarcoidosis by chest-abdominal CT examination and laboratory tests. The skin lesions had appeared on her lower limbs 2 years before. Physical examination showed multiple infiltrated annular eruptions on the lower extremities. A skin biopsy of an area of erythema showed multiple non-caseating epithelioid cell granulomas in the dermis and subcutaneous fat and granulomatous vasculitis with fibrinoid degeneration in the subcutaneous fat. There are two types of vasculitis in sarcoidosis: leukocytoclastic and granulomatous vasculitis. Ulcers and livedo were more common in granulomatous vasculitis than in leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The present case had unique annular skin lesions of sarcoidosis with granulomatous vasculitis.

http://ift.tt/2iZM0IP

Mitotic figures and the evolving staging of melanoma

Abstract

The seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)'s staging manual identified tumor thickness, ulceration, and mitotic figures as important adverse prognostic factors for survival. Identification of a single mitosis prompted staging of a tumor as T1b and prompted consideration of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Careful review of survival data has shown that the identification of mitotic figures in melanoma is not an independent variable but linked to thickness and ulceration. The updated eighth edition of the AJCC's cancer staging manual reflects this understanding by stratifying thin melanomas by depth of invasion and ulceration rather than including mitotic rate.

http://ift.tt/2kcGYG8

Erratum to: A combination of the telomerase inhibitor, BIBR1532, and paclitaxel synergistically inhibit cell proliferation in breast cancer cell lines

http://ift.tt/2kcDjbg

Subject-Specific Abnormal Region Detection in Traumatic Brain Injury Using Sparse Model Selection on High Dimensional Diffusion Data

Publication date: Available online 24 January 2017
Source:Medical Image Analysis
Author(s): Matineh Shaker, Deniz Erdogmus, Jennifer Dy, Sylvain Bouix
We present a method to estimate a multivariate Gaussian distribution of diffusion tensor features in a set of brain regions based on a small sample of healthy individuals, and use this distribution to identify imaging abnormalities in subjects with mild traumatic brain injury. The multivariate model receives apriori knowledge in the form of a neighborhood graph imposed on the precision matrix, which models brain region interactions, and an additional L1 sparsity constraint. The model is then estimated using the graphical LASSO algorithm and the Mahalanobis distance of healthy and TBI subjects to the distribution mean is used to evaluate the discriminatory power of the model. Our experiments show that the addition of the apriori neighborhood graph results in significant improvements in classification performance compared to a model which does not take into account the brain region interactions or one which uses a fully connected prior graph. In addition, we describe a method, using our model, to detect the regions that contribute the most to the overall abnormality of the DTI profile of a subject's brain.

Graphical abstract

http://ift.tt/2j942n9

Lipoma Arborescens of the Knee: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature

Lipoma arborescens is a chronic, slow-growing, intra-articular lesion of benign nature, which is characterized by villous proliferation of the synovium, with replacement of the subsynovial connective tissue by mature fat cells. It usually involves the suprapatellar pouch of the knee joint. It is not a neoplasm but is rather considered a nonspecific reactive response to chronic synovial irritation, due to either mechanical or inflammatory insults. We report three cases of lipoma arborescens affecting the knee, the first in a young male without previous history of arthritis or trauma, the second in a 58-year-old male associated with osteoarthritis, and the final in a 44-year-old male diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis, which cover the entire pathologic spectrum of this unusual entity. We highlight the clinical findings and imaging features, by emphasizing especially the role of MRI, in the differential diagnosis of other, more complex intra-articular masses.

http://ift.tt/2j8Ogsu

Internal evaluation of impregnation treatment of waterlogged wood; relation between concentration of internal materials and relaxation time using magnetic resonance imaging

Publication date: May 2017
Source:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Volume 38
Author(s): Yuki Kanazawa, Tetsuya Yamada, Aki Kido, Koji Fujimoto, Kyoko Takakura, Hiroaki Hayashi, Yasutaka Fushimi, Satoshi Kozawa, Koji Koizumi, Makiko Okuni, Naomi Ueda, Kaori Togashi
The purpose of this study is to clarify the degree of impregnation resulting from treatment of internal waterlogged wood samples using MRI. On a 1.5T MR scanner, T1 and T2 measurements were performed using inversion recovery and spin-echo sequences, respectively. The samples were cut waterlogged pieces of wood treated with various impregnation techniques which were divided into different concentrations of trehalose (C12H22O11) and polyethylene glycol (PEG; HO-(C2H4O)n-H) solutions. Then these samples underwent impregnation treatment every two weeks. From the results, we found that the slope of the T1-concentration curve using linear fitting showed the value of the internal area for PEG to be higher than the external area; internal, −2.73ms/wt% (R²=0.880); external, −1.50ms/wt% (R²=0.887). Furthermore, the slope of the T1-concentration curve using linear fitting showed the values for trehalose to have almost no difference when comparing the internal and the external areas; internal, −2.79ms/wt% (R²=0.759); external, −3.02ms/wt% (R²=0.795). However, the slope of the T2-concentration curve using linear fitting for PEG showed that there was only a slight change between the internal and the external areas; internal, 0.26ms/wt% (R²=0.642); external, 0.18ms/wt% (R²=0.920). The slope of the T2-concentration curve did not show a change in linear relationship between the internal and the external areas; internal, 0.06ms/wt% (R²=0.175); external, −0.14ms/wt% (R²=0.043). In conclusion, using visualization of relaxation time T1, it is possible to obtain more detail information noninvasively concerning the state of impregnation treatment of internal waterlogged wood.



http://ift.tt/2jlIPKe