Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Consecutive Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Association between allergic diseases and ophthalmologic diseases, including cataracts and glaucoma, using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2012: A STROBE-compliant article

Abstract

This study investigated the association between allergic diseases and comorbid ophthalmologic diseases. We enrolled 14 776 participants who were at least 19 years of age. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the odds ratios for cataracts and glaucoma according to the presence of allergic diseases. Atopic dermatitis was not associated with the development of cataracts and glaucoma. However, asthma and allergic rhinitis were significantly associated with cataracts (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.511, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.120–2.039 and HR = 1.565, 95% CI = 1.192–2.054, respectively). This study examined a nationwide, population-based survey, and concluded that cataracts were significantly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis but not with atopic dermatitis. Efforts should be made to reduce the risk of ophthalmologic complications when treating patients with allergic diseases.

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Interleukin-17-mediated manifestation of psoriasis and tinea

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British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus 2018

The overall objective of the guideline is to provide up-to-date, evidence-based recommendations for the management of lichen sclerosus (LS) in adults (18+ years), children (0-12 years) and young people (13-17 years). The document aims to.

offer an appraisal of all relevant literature up to July 2017, focusing on any key developments.

address important, practical clinical questions relating to the primary guideline objective.

provide guideline recommendations and if appropriate research recommendations.

The guideline is presented as a detailed review with highlighted recommendations for practical use in primary care and in secondary care clinics, in addition to an updated Patient Information Leaflet (PIL; available on the BAD website, http://ift.tt/1tltLhk).

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Study of an extended family with CTLA-4 deficiency suggests a CD28/CTLA-4 independent mechanism responsible for differences in disease manifestations and severity

Publication date: Available online 3 January 2018
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Tie Zheng Hou, Peter Olbrich, Jose Manuel Lucena Soto, Berta Sanchez, Paula Sanchez Moreno, Stephan Borte, Hans J. Stauss, Siobhan O. Burns, Lucy S.K. Walker, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Lennart Hammarström, David M. Sansom, Olaf Neth
The CTLA-4 checkpoint regulates the activation of T cells. Individuals with heterozygous mutations in CTLA-4 have a complex phenotype typically characterized by antibody deficiency alongside variable autoimmunity. Despite severe disease in some individuals, others remain largely unaffected with reasons for this variation unknown. We studied a large family carrying a single point mutation in CTLA-4 leading to an amino acid change R75W and compared both unaffected with affected individuals. We measured a variety of features pertaining to T cell and CTLA-4 biology and observed that at the cellular level there was complete penetrance of CTLA-4 mutations. Accordingly, unaffected individuals were indistinguishable from those with disease in terms of level of CTLA-4 expression, percentage of Treg, upregulation of CTLA-4 upon stimulation and proliferation of CD4 T cells. We conclude that the wide variation in disease phenotype is influenced by immune variation outside of CTLA-4 biology.



http://ift.tt/2E5NnvB

Study of an extended family with CTLA-4 deficiency suggests a CD28/CTLA-4 independent mechanism responsible for differences in disease manifestations and severity

Publication date: Available online 3 January 2018
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Tie Zheng Hou, Peter Olbrich, Jose Manuel Lucena Soto, Berta Sanchez, Paula Sanchez Moreno, Stephan Borte, Hans J. Stauss, Siobhan O. Burns, Lucy S.K. Walker, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Lennart Hammarström, David M. Sansom, Olaf Neth
The CTLA-4 checkpoint regulates the activation of T cells. Individuals with heterozygous mutations in CTLA-4 have a complex phenotype typically characterized by antibody deficiency alongside variable autoimmunity. Despite severe disease in some individuals, others remain largely unaffected with reasons for this variation unknown. We studied a large family carrying a single point mutation in CTLA-4 leading to an amino acid change R75W and compared both unaffected with affected individuals. We measured a variety of features pertaining to T cell and CTLA-4 biology and observed that at the cellular level there was complete penetrance of CTLA-4 mutations. Accordingly, unaffected individuals were indistinguishable from those with disease in terms of level of CTLA-4 expression, percentage of Treg, upregulation of CTLA-4 upon stimulation and proliferation of CD4 T cells. We conclude that the wide variation in disease phenotype is influenced by immune variation outside of CTLA-4 biology.



http://ift.tt/2E5NnvB

Short- and long-term risks of cardiovascular disease following radiotherapy in rectal cancer in four randomized controlled trials and a population-based register

Publication date: Available online 3 January 2018
Source:Radiotherapy and Oncology
Author(s): Lingjing Chen, Sandra Eloranta, Anna Martling, Ingrid Glimelius, Martin Neovius, Bengt Glimelius, Karin E. Smedby
AimA population-based cohort and four randomized trials enriched with long-term register data were used to clarify if radiotherapy in combination with rectal cancer surgery is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodsWe identified 14,901 rectal cancer patients diagnosed 1995–2009 in Swedish nationwide registers, of whom 9227 were treated with preoperative radiotherapy. Also, we investigated 2675 patients with rectal cancer previously randomized to preoperative radiotherapy or not followed by surgery in trials conducted 1980–1999. Risks of CVD overall and subtypes were estimated based on prospectively recorded hospital visits during relapse-free follow-up using multivariable Cox regression. Maximum follow-up was 18 and 33 years in the register and trials, respectively.ResultsWe found no association between preoperative radiotherapy and overall CVD risk in the register (Incidence Rate Ratio, IRR = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–1.06) or in the pooled trials (IRR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.93–1.24). We noted an increased risk of venous thromboembolism among irradiated patients in both cohorts (IRRregister = 1.41, 95% CI 1.15–2.72; IRRtrials = 1.41, 95% CI 0.97–2.04), that remained during the first 6 months following surgery among patients treated 2006–2009, after the introduction of antithrombotic treatment (IRR6 months = 2.30, 95% CI 1.01–5.21). However, the absolute rate difference of venous thromboembolism attributed to RT was low (10 cases per 1000 patients and year).DiscussionPreoperative radiotherapy did not affect rectal cancer patients' risk of CVD overall. Although an excess risk of short-term venous thromboembolism was noted, the small increase in absolute numbers does not call for general changes in routine prophylactic treatment, but might do so for patients already at high risk of venous thromboembolism.



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