Variability of motor evoked potentials in stroke explained by corticospinal pathway integrity

Publication date: Available online 9 March 2018
Source:Brain Stimulation
Author(s): Kelsey A. Potter-Baker, Yin-Liang Lin, Andre G. Machado, Adriana B. Conforto, David A. Cunningham, Vishwanath Sankarasubramanian, Ken Sakaie, Ela B. Plow




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Comments on: “Safety of repeated sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation: A systematic review”

Publication date: Available online 9 March 2018
Source:Brain Stimulation
Author(s): Mohammad Alwardat




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Managing Your Anesthesiology Practice for the Future

Publication date: Available online 9 March 2018
Source:Anesthesiology Clinics
Author(s): Amr E. Abouleish, Stanley W. Stead




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Managing Your Anesthesiology Practice for the Future

Publication date: Available online 9 March 2018
Source:Anesthesiology Clinics
Author(s): Amr E. Abouleish, Stanley W. Stead




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Protein kinase D1 conditional null mice show minimal bone loss following ovariectomy

Publication date: Available online 9 March 2018
Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Author(s): Wendy B. Bollag, Ke-Hong Ding, Vivek Choudhary, Jianrui Xu, Qing Zhong, Ranya Elsayed, Lakiea J. Bailey, Mohammed Elsalanty, Kanglun Yu, Maribeth H. Johnson, Meghan E. McGee-Lawrence, Carlos M. Isales
We previously found that 3- and 6-month-old male mice with conditional ablation of protein kinase D1 (PRKD1) in osteoprogenitor cells (expressing Osterix) exhibited reduced bone mass. Others have demonstrated similar effects in young female PRKD1-deficient mice. Here we examined the bone resorptive response of adult female floxed control and conditional knockout (cKO) mice undergoing sham surgery or OVX. Femoral and tibial bone mineral density (BMD) values were significantly reduced upon OVX in control, but not cKO, females compared to the respective sham-operated mice. Micro-CT analysis showed that OVX significantly increased trabecular number and decreased trabecular spacing in cKO but not control mice. Finally, in control mice serum levels of a marker of bone resorption (pyridinoline crosslinks) and the osteoclast activator RANKL significantly increased upon OVX; however, no such OVX-induced increase was observed in cKO mice. Our results suggest the potential importance of PRKD1 in response to estrogen loss in bone.



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Metabolites, genome organization, and cellular differentiation gene programs

Publication date: April 2018
Source:Current Opinion in Immunology, Volume 51
Author(s): Danielle A Chisolm, Amy S Weinmann
The nutrient environment and metabolism play a dynamic role in cellular differentiation and research is elucidating the mechanisms that contribute to this process. Metabolites serve as an effective bridge that helps to translate information about nutrient states into specific interpretations of the genome. Part of this activity relates to the role for metabolites in regulating epigenetic processes as well as a newly appreciated role for metabolites in the regulation of genome organization. In this review, we will highlight recent research that has defined roles for metabolism in the organization and interpretation of the genome and how this influences cellular differentiation decisions. We will integrate information about how nutrients, such as glutamine, regulate metabolites, such as alpha-ketoglutarate, and highlight how these pathways influence epigenetic states as well as CTCF association and genome organization. We will also discuss mechanistic similarities and differences between normal differentiation states associated with embryonic stem (ES) cells and T cells and how this might relate to dysregulated states such as those associated with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.



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NKG2D and its ligands in cancer

Publication date: April 2018
Source:Current Opinion in Immunology, Volume 51
Author(s): Payal Dhar, Jennifer D Wu
NKG2D is an activating immune receptor expressed by NK and effector T cells. Induced expression of NKG2D ligand on tumor cell surface during oncogenic insults renders cancer cells susceptible to immune destruction. In advanced human cancers, tumor cells shed NKG2D ligand to produce an immune soluble form as a means of immune evasion. Soluble NKG2D ligands have been associated with poor clinical prognosis in cancer patients. Harnessing NKG2D pathway is considered a viable avenue in cancer immunotherapy over recent years. In this review, we will discuss the progress and perspectives.



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