Adsorption of Cu (II) and Ni (II) from aqueous solutions by taro stalks chemically modified with diethylenetriamine

Abstract

Taro stalks (TS) were modified by diethylenetriamine (DETA) to obtain the modified taro stalks adsorbents (recorded as MTSA). This kind of raw material is unprecedented and the method of modification is relatively simple. The physicochemical properties of MTSA were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), FTIR, and zeta potential analyzer. The capacity of MTSA for adsorbing heavy metals under different influencing factors was tested by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the gaps between the microspheres of MTSA are more, which are conducive to adsorption. The MTSA might have increased the amino-functional groups which are beneficial for adsorption, resulting in an increase in the adsorption capacity of copper and nickel ions (35.71 and 31.06 mg/g) of about 5–7 times compared to bare taro stalks (5.27 mg/g and 6.08 mg/g). High Cu²⁺ uptake on MTSA was observed over the pH range of 5.5–7.0, while for Ni²⁺ the range was 7.0–8.5, and the optimum dosage of adsorbent were both about 0.80 g for Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺. The adsorption kinetics of Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ on MTSA could be interpreted with a pseudo-second order and the equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model.

Graphical abstract

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CME Part 1: Hair disorders in cancer patients

Publication date: Available online 14 April 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Azael Freites-Martinez, Jerry Shapiro, Shari Goldfarb, Julie Nangia, Joaquin J. Jimenez, Ralf Paus, Mario E. Lacouture
Cytotoxic chemotherapies, molecularly targeted therapies, immunotherapies, radiotherapy, stem cell transplants, and endocrine therapies may lead to hair disorders (including alopecia, hirsutism, hypertrichosis, pigmentary and textural hair changes). The mechanisms underlying these changes are varied and remain incompletely understood, hampering the development of preventive or therapeutic guidelines. The psychosocial impact of chemotherapy -induced alopecia has been well-documented mainly in the oncology literature, however the effect of other alterations such as radiation-induced alopecia, hirsutism, changes in hair color or texture on quality of life have not been described. This article reviews clinically significant therapy-related hair disorders in cancer patients, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, severity grading scales, patient reported quality of life instruments, management strategies, and future translational research opportunities.



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Dermoscopic features of onychotillomania: A study of 36 cases

Publication date: Available online 14 April 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Austin John Maddy, Antonella Tosti
BackgroundOnychotillomania is a nail-picking disorder characterized by nail dystrophy and abnormal morphology of the nail plate, nail bed, and periungual skin.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe the dermoscopic features of onychotillomania.MethodsA retrospective study of the dermoscopy images of 36 patients affected by onychotillomania. The images were reviewed independently by both authors and a list of dermatoscopic findings was established.ResultsScales were observed in 34 cases (94.4%); absence of nail plate was seen in 30 (83.3%); wavy lines were observed in 25 (69.4%); hemorrhages were observed in 23 (63.9%); crusts were seen in 22 (61.1%); nail bed pigmentation was observed in 17 (47.2%); speckled dots were observed in 14 (38.9%); nail plate melanonychia was observed in 4 (11.1%).LimitationsLimitations included small sample size and retrospective study.ConclusionAbsence of the nail plate with multiple obliquely oriented nail bed hemorrhages, nail bed gray pigmentation, and presence of wavy lines are characteristic findings of onychotillomania and not seen in other nail diseases.

Teaser

Onychotillomania is a nail-picking disorder that is likely underreported and often misdiagnosed, The dermoscopic features of onychotillomania include scales, absence of the nail plate, wavy lines, hemorrhages, speckled dots, melanonychia, and nail bed pigmentation, Recognizing the common dermoscopic features of onychotillomania will assist the clinician in the diagnosis and management of this disorder.


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CME Part 2: Hair disorders in cancer survivors Persistent chemotherapy-induced alopecia, persistent radiotherapy-induced alopecia, and hair growth disorders related to endocrine therapy or cancer surgery

Publication date: Available online 14 April 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Azael Freites-Martinez, Jerry Shapiro, Corina van den Hurk, Shari Goldfarb, Joaquin Jimenez, Anthony M. Rossi, Ralf Paus, Mario E. Lacouture
With increasing survival rates across all cancers, survivors represent a growing population that is frequently affected by persistent or permanent hair growth disorders as a result of systemic therapies, radiotherapy, surgical procedures, and therapeutic transplants. These hair disorders include persistent chemotherapy-induced alopecia, persistent radiotherapy-induced alopecia, endocrine therapy-induced alopecia and hirsutism, post-surgery alopecia and localized hypertrichosis, alopecia attributed to therapeutic transplants, and to novel anticancer therapies. The information contained in this continuing medical education article should facilitate a better understanding on hair disorders in cancer survivors, so that adequate support and therapies may be provided to cancer survivors.



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Tracking tumor kinetics in patients with germline CYLD mutations

Publication date: Available online 13 April 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Sarah Brown, Sylvia A. Worthy, James AA. Langtry, Neil Rajan




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Certolizumab Pegol for the Treatment of Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: Results through 48 Weeks from Two Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Studies (CIMPASI-1 and CIMPASI-2)

Publication date: Available online 13 April 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Alice B. Gottlieb, Andrew Blauvelt, Diamant Thaçi, Craig L. Leonardi, Yves Poulin, Janice Drew, Luke Peterson, Catherine Arendt, Daniel Burge, Kristian Reich
BackgroundCertolizumab pegol, the only Fc-Free, PEGylated anti-tumor necrosis factor biologic, demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements and suggested a positive risk-benefit balance in phase 2 studies in adults with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis.ObjectiveAssess certolizumab efficacy and safety versus placebo in phase 3 studies.MethodsPatients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis were randomized 2:2:1 to certolizumab 400 mg, 200 mg, or placebo every 2 weeks. At Week 16, certolizumab-treated patients achieving 50% reduction in psoriasis area and severity index continued treatment through Week 48. Coprimary endpoints were Week 16 responder rates, defined as 75% reduction in psoriasis area and severity index and physician's global assessment 0/1 ('clear'/'almost clear' and ≥2-point improvement). Safety was assessed by treatment-emergent adverse events.ResultsWeek 16 endpoints were significantly greater for both doses of certolizumab versus placebo, and responses maintained through Week 48. For most measures, improvement was numerically greater for certolizumab 400 mg. No unexpected safety signals were identified.LimitationsNo active comparator.ConclusionsTreatment with either certolizumab 400 mg or 200 mg every 2 weeks was associated with significant, clinically meaningful improvements in moderate-to-severe psoriasis. The 400 mg dose may provide additional clinical benefit. The safety profile was consistent with the therapeutic class.

Teaser

Certolizumab pegol is an Fc-Free, PEGylated anti-tumor necrosis factor biologic. In these phase 3 psoriasis studies, certolizumab pegol 200 mg and 400 mg every 2 weeks demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements versus placebo; no new safety signals were observed. Certolizumab pegol affords additional psoriasis treatment options.


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Certolizumab Pegol for the Treatment of Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: Results Through 48 Weeks of a Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Etanercept- and Placebo-Controlled Study (CIMPACT)

Publication date: Available online 14 April 2018
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Mark Lebwohl, Andrew Blauvelt, Carle Paul, Howard Sofen, Jolanta Węgłowska, Vincent Piguet, Daniel Burge, Robert Rolleri, Janice Drew, Luke Peterson, Matthias Augustin
BackgroundPhase 2 psoriasis studies with the Fc-free, PEGylated, anti-tumor necrosis factor biologic certolizumab pegol demonstrated meaningful clinical activity.ObjectiveAssess safety and efficacy of certolizumab in adults with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis.MethodsPatients were randomized 3:3:1:3 to certolizumab 400 mg, 200 mg, or placebo every 2 weeks for 16 weeks or etanercept 50 mg twice-weekly for 12 weeks. Certolizumab-treated patients achieving ≥75% reduction in psoriasis area and severity index at Week 16 were re-randomized to certolizumab or placebo for 32 weeks. The primary endpoint was responder rate (≥75% reduction in psoriasis area and severity index) versus placebo (primary analysis) and etanercept (secondary analysis) at Week 12; secondary endpoints included responder rates on various measures versus placebo at Weeks 12, 16, and 48. Safety was assessed by treatment-emergent adverse events.ResultsAll endpoints were significantly greater for certolizumab versus placebo with the greatest response seen with 400 mg. Certolizumab 400 mg was superior to and 200 mg was noninferior to etanercept. Adverse events were consistent with the anti-tumor necrosis factor class.LimitationsSingle-blind etanercept.ConclusionBoth certolizumab regimens improved psoriasis symptoms with greater response at the higher dose. No new safety signals were observed.

Teaser

Certolizumab pegol is an Fc-free, PEGylated anti-tumor necrosis factor biologic.; In this phase 3 study, both certolizumab doses improved psoriasis symptoms at Week 12 that was maintained, following re-randomization, through Week 48 with a safety profile consistent with its class.; The higher dose of certolizumab may provide superior efficacy.


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