Comparative major components and health risks of toxic elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of PM2.5 in winter and summer in Zhengzhou: Based on three-year data

Publication date: 15 November 2018
Source:Atmospheric Research, Volume 213
Author(s): Nan Jiang, Shiguang Duan, Xue Yu, Ruiqin Zhang, Ke Wang
In this study, 102 PM2.5 samples were collected from an urban site in Zhengzhou during winter and summer from 2012 to 2015. The meteorological impact, chemical characteristics, and health risks of the toxic elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 were compared between the two seasons. PM2.5 pollution was relatively severe, especially in winter when meteorological conditions exhibited critical influence on PM2.5 concentration. NO3⁻, SO4²⁻, and NH4⁺ were the three most abundant species, accounting for 79% and 90% of total measured water-soluble inorganic ions in winter and summer, respectively. OC, EC, and SOC exhibited relatively high concentrations in winter, and SOC contributed >40% in OC in both seasons. The seasonality of PAHs was associated with PM2.5, with high contribution of four-ringed and five- to six-ringed PAHs in winter and summer, respectively. Fe, Al, Zn, Mg, Mn, and Pb were the most abundant elements in PM2.5 in both seasons. The levels of V, Ag, and As in the winter were almost 8.3, 6.2, and 2.7 times higher than those in summer, respectively. The cancer risk values of As, Ni, and Pb were all higher than 10⁻⁶ for adults and children in winter and summer. The non-carcinogenic risks of Pb, As, and Sb for children were beyond the safe level, especially from ingestion. PAHs, BaA, BaP, BbF, and DaA showed potential carcinogenic risk. BaA, BaP, and BbF showed higher cancer risk in winter than in summer for adults and children, whereas DaA showed higher cancer risk in summer than in winter. The calculated non-carcinogenic risk of BaP for children in winter was beyond the safe level. BAP caused high health risk for adults through inhalation but through ingestion and dermal contact for children.



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Tuning oxygen vacancies on mesoporous ceria nanorods by metal doping: Controllable magnetic property

Publication date: 15 October 2018
Source:Applied Surface Science, Volume 455
Author(s): Zhourong Xiao, Shuang Ji, Yueting Li, Fang Hou, Haocui Zhang, Xiangwen Zhang, Li Wang, Guozhu Li
Ceria nanorods doped by various metals (Zr, Zn and Tb) have been successfully synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. TG/DTG, XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM/HRTEM, Raman, XPS are employed to characterize the as-synthesized materials. Various metal-doped ceria nanorods with uniform sizes and different oxygen vacancies have been obtained. The results of XRD and HRTEM indicate that dopant species are well incorporated into the lattice of ceria. The presence of mesoporous in these nanorods has been determined by nitrogen adsorption-desorption. Raman and XPS characterizations show that the species and amount of metal dopant can greatly affect the amount of oxygen vacancies. Vibrating sample magnetometer device is used to illustrate ferromagnetic properties of these materials. The relationship between oxygen vacancies and magnetic properties has been presented. Results show that there is a good correction between the amount of oxygen vacancies and the saturation magnetization (Ms) value for various ceria nanorods.

Graphical abstract

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Italian tomato-based products authentication by multi-element approach: A mineral elements database to distinguish the domestic provenance

Publication date: November 2018
Source:Food Control, Volume 93
Author(s): Rosaria Fragni, Antonio Trifirò, Ada Nucci, Andrea Seno, Alessia Allodi, Matteo Di Rocco
In this study, we propose a novel mineral elements database for the authentication of Italian processed tomato, able to discriminate the domestic provenance from the Chinese, US and Spanish ones. Multi-element analyses by Inductively Coupled Plasma orthogonal acceleration Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (ICP-oa-TOF-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used for quantifying 26 mineral elements (Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cd, In, Cs, Ba, Tl, Pb, Bi and U) in 183 tomato-based samples of different origin (Italy, China, US and Spain) collected in three different years of production (2013, 2015 and 2017). Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) applied to 28 variables (single elements + elemental ratios) allowed excellent separation between Italian and non-Italian tomato samples. Three elemental ratios (Li/Cu, Co/Rb and Sr/Cd) resulted highly effective in identifying the domestic provenance of tomato (100% prediction ability of the model and 98.8% in cross-validation). This result highlighted that ratios between elements were more important than single elements in discrimination.



https://ift.tt/2JNxcKb

Pemphigus et herpès : enquête multicentrique et revue de la littérature

Publication date: Available online 14 June 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): M. Merlant, V. Seta, P. Bernard, S. Fourati, J.-F. Meritet, P. Wolkenstein, N. Dupin, P. Joly, O. Chosidow, S. Ingen-Housz-Oro
IntroductionLa surinfection herpétique (SH) est une complication connue mais peu étudiée du pemphigus.ObjectifÉvaluer la fréquence et les circonstances de survenue des SH au cours du pemphigus.MéthodesÉtude rétrospective multicentrique incluant les cas de SH parmi les pemphigus nouvellement diagnostiqués entre 2008 et 2016. Les données cliniques, virologiques, immunologiques et thérapeutiques ont été colligées. Une revue de la littérature sur pemphigus et herpès a été effectuée.RésultatsParmi les 191 pemphigus, un prélèvement herpétique a été pratiqué chez 11 à 71 % des malades selon les centres. Ainsi, une SH a été démontrée chez 24 (12 femmes, âge médian 58 ans), soit une fréquence de SH de 0 à 42 % des patients prélevés selon les centres. Le pemphigus était un pemphigus vulgaire dans 21 cas et le site atteint était muqueux chez 19 malades. La SH était trouvée au moment du diagnostic de pemphigus dans 15 cas. La technique identifiant le virus était une PCR dans 23 des 24 cas (HSV1 dans 22 cas). Dix malades ont reçu par la suite un traitement antiviral préventif. Le suivi médian était de 36 mois (0–89 mois). Treize des 24 malades ont totalisé 23 rechutes de pemphigus. Un prélèvement herpétique a été réalisé lors de 19 rechutes, positif dans 6 cas (31,5 %).ConclusionNotre étude montre une variabilité de fréquence de la SH au cours du pemphigus, reflétant des pratiques de prélèvements différant selon les centres (systématique ou seulement si forte suspicion clinique). L'intérêt pronostique d'un dépistage systématique sur l'évolution du pemphigus reste à démontrer par une étude prospective.BackgroundAlthough herpes superinfection is a well-known complication of pemphigus, it has not been widely investigated.AimTo investigate the frequency and features of herpes infection in patients with ongoing pemphigus.Patients and methodsWe carried out a multicenter retrospective study between 2008 and 2016 in patients with newly diagnosed pemphigus presenting active herpes infection. Clinical, virological, immunological and therapeutic data were collated. We performed a literature review for pemphigus and herpes.ResultsAmong the 191 pemphigus patients, screening for herpes (PCR or culture) was carried out in 11 to 71 % of subjects, depending on the center in question. Twenty-four patients (12 women, mean age 58 years) presented at least one episode of herpes infection. The frequency of positivity ranged from 0 to 42 % by center. Twenty-one cases consisted of pemphigus vulgaris and infection occurred at a mucosal site in 19 patients. Herpes infection was identified at the time of diagnosis in 15 patients and 17 patients received no specific treatment for their pemphigus. The virus was identified using PCR in 23 cases. Ten patients subsequently received prophylactic treatment for herpes. The mean duration of follow-up was 36 months (0–89 months). Thirteen of the 24 patients had 23 relapses of pemphigus; PCR testing for herpes was performed 19 times and was positive in 6 cases (31.5 %).ConclusionOur study showed wide variation in the incidence of herpes superinfection in patients with pemphigus, reflecting the different screening approach at each center (being performed either routinely or only in the event of strong suspicion). The prognostic value of routine screening for herpes in patients with active pemphigus lesions remains to be demonstrated by further prospective investigations.



https://ift.tt/2HMlUki

Vitiligo sous inhibiteur de checkpoint

Publication date: Available online 14 June 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): M. Amini-Adle, S. Dalle




https://ift.tt/2JWmHo1

Pemphigus et herpès : enquête multicentrique et revue de la littérature

Publication date: Available online 14 June 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): M. Merlant, V. Seta, P. Bernard, S. Fourati, J.-F. Meritet, P. Wolkenstein, N. Dupin, P. Joly, O. Chosidow, S. Ingen-Housz-Oro
IntroductionLa surinfection herpétique (SH) est une complication connue mais peu étudiée du pemphigus.ObjectifÉvaluer la fréquence et les circonstances de survenue des SH au cours du pemphigus.MéthodesÉtude rétrospective multicentrique incluant les cas de SH parmi les pemphigus nouvellement diagnostiqués entre 2008 et 2016. Les données cliniques, virologiques, immunologiques et thérapeutiques ont été colligées. Une revue de la littérature sur pemphigus et herpès a été effectuée.RésultatsParmi les 191 pemphigus, un prélèvement herpétique a été pratiqué chez 11 à 71 % des malades selon les centres. Ainsi, une SH a été démontrée chez 24 (12 femmes, âge médian 58 ans), soit une fréquence de SH de 0 à 42 % des patients prélevés selon les centres. Le pemphigus était un pemphigus vulgaire dans 21 cas et le site atteint était muqueux chez 19 malades. La SH était trouvée au moment du diagnostic de pemphigus dans 15 cas. La technique identifiant le virus était une PCR dans 23 des 24 cas (HSV1 dans 22 cas). Dix malades ont reçu par la suite un traitement antiviral préventif. Le suivi médian était de 36 mois (0–89 mois). Treize des 24 malades ont totalisé 23 rechutes de pemphigus. Un prélèvement herpétique a été réalisé lors de 19 rechutes, positif dans 6 cas (31,5 %).ConclusionNotre étude montre une variabilité de fréquence de la SH au cours du pemphigus, reflétant des pratiques de prélèvements différant selon les centres (systématique ou seulement si forte suspicion clinique). L'intérêt pronostique d'un dépistage systématique sur l'évolution du pemphigus reste à démontrer par une étude prospective.BackgroundAlthough herpes superinfection is a well-known complication of pemphigus, it has not been widely investigated.AimTo investigate the frequency and features of herpes infection in patients with ongoing pemphigus.Patients and methodsWe carried out a multicenter retrospective study between 2008 and 2016 in patients with newly diagnosed pemphigus presenting active herpes infection. Clinical, virological, immunological and therapeutic data were collated. We performed a literature review for pemphigus and herpes.ResultsAmong the 191 pemphigus patients, screening for herpes (PCR or culture) was carried out in 11 to 71 % of subjects, depending on the center in question. Twenty-four patients (12 women, mean age 58 years) presented at least one episode of herpes infection. The frequency of positivity ranged from 0 to 42 % by center. Twenty-one cases consisted of pemphigus vulgaris and infection occurred at a mucosal site in 19 patients. Herpes infection was identified at the time of diagnosis in 15 patients and 17 patients received no specific treatment for their pemphigus. The virus was identified using PCR in 23 cases. Ten patients subsequently received prophylactic treatment for herpes. The mean duration of follow-up was 36 months (0–89 months). Thirteen of the 24 patients had 23 relapses of pemphigus; PCR testing for herpes was performed 19 times and was positive in 6 cases (31.5 %).ConclusionOur study showed wide variation in the incidence of herpes superinfection in patients with pemphigus, reflecting the different screening approach at each center (being performed either routinely or only in the event of strong suspicion). The prognostic value of routine screening for herpes in patients with active pemphigus lesions remains to be demonstrated by further prospective investigations.



https://ift.tt/2HMlUki

Vitiligo sous inhibiteur de checkpoint

Publication date: Available online 14 June 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): M. Amini-Adle, S. Dalle




https://ift.tt/2JWmHo1