Integrative Medizin bei Patientinnen mit Ovarialkarzinomen

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Unter integrativer Medizin versteht man die Kombination von Methoden der konventionellen Medizin mit anderen Methoden, die primär dem Umfeld der komplementären und alternativen Medizin entstammen und sich in Studien nachweislich als sinnvoll erwiesen haben.

Ziel

Dieser Beitrag versucht die Frage zu beantworten, ob und ggf. welche Methoden sinnvoll mit den Strategien der konventionellen Medizin bei Patientinnen mit Ovarialkarzinom kombiniert werden können.

Ergebnisse

Unter Berücksichtigung der Aspekte Effektivität, Sicherheit, Kosten und Verfügbarkeit finden sich z. T. aus Metaanalysen stammende Daten, die zeigen, dass sich das Management der Behandlung des Ovarialkarzinoms im Hinblick auf supportive Maßnahmen begleitend zu OP und Chemotherapie verbessern lässt. Kaugummikauen führt dazu, dass die Darmtätigkeit früher wiederhergestellt wird, Eiswürfellutschen und Honig können eine chemotherapieinduzierte Mukositis verringern, um nur einige Beispiele zu nennen. Ergänzende Maßnahmen, die die Prognose des Ovarialkarzinoms verbessern würden, sind weniger gut erforscht.

Schlussfolgerung

Wenngleich bislang keine Behandlungskonzepte offiziell als integrativ gelten dürfen, so gibt es doch Ansätze, die sinnvoll die Behandlung bei Patientinnen mit Ovarialkarzinom ergänzen können. Hinweise, dass alternative oder esoterische Therapiekonzepte sinnvoll sein könnten, finden sich nicht.

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Algorithmus Tumorschmerztherapie

Zusammenfassung

Um Krebspatienten mit Tumorschmerzen im stationären Rahmen zeitnah Linderung zu verschaffen, wurde ein Algorithmus als Handreichung für alle primär behandelnden Teams entworfen. Aus stationsinternen Standards wurde ein kurzer Leitfaden entwickelt, der insbesondere im Krankenhaus sowohl bei palliativen wie auch sterbenden Patienten eingesetzt werden kann. Hierbei werden kurze Hilfestellungen in übersichtlicher tabellarischer Form gegeben, jedoch ohne ein Lehrbuch ersetzen zu wollen. So werden Patienten nach opioiderfahren und opioidunerfahren unterschieden und eine kurze Therapiemöglichkeit für die unterschiedlichen Stadien der Erkrankung dargestellt.

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Effect of Red Light Rhinophototherapy on Nasal Patency in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

Purpose. The effect of red light rhinophototherapy (RLRPT) on nasal patency in patients with a clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis was investigated. Materials and Methods. Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups, with patients in one group given one treatment session of RLRPT, followed by medical treatment. Those in the second group were treated with medical treatment only. The rhinitis symptoms were evaluated both before and 30 minutes after RLRPT and 2 days later. The nasal patency was objectively measured through the use of both active anterior rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry before and 30 minutes after RLRPT. Results. All rhinitis symptoms, including nasal congestion, significantly improved 30 minutes after a single RLRPT treatment, but worsened again, particularly for sneezing, 2 days later. Nasal resistance slightly decreased 30 minutes after RLRPT. The first minimal cross-sectional area did not change after RLRPT, but the second minimal cross-sectional area with the volume of the nasal cavity between 2.0 and 5.0 cm from the tip of the nosepiece significantly lessened. Conclusions. This study showed that RLRPL did not objectively improve patient's nasal patency. Registration Number. The trial is registered with NCT03752645.

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In this issue

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Calcium ion incorporated hydrous iron(III) oxide: synthesis, characterization, and property exploitation towards water remediation from arsenite and fluoride

Abstract

Calcium ion-incorporated hydrous iron(III) oxide (CIHIO) samples have been prepared aiming investigation of efficiency enhancement on arsenic and fluoride adsorption of hydrous iron(III) oxide (HIO). Characterization of the optimized product with various analytical tools confirms that CIHIO is microcrystalline and mesoporous (pore width, 26.97 Å; pore diameter, 27.742 Å with pore volume 0.18 cm³ g⁻¹) material. Increase of the BET surface area (> 60%) of CIHIO (269.61 m² g⁻¹) relative to HIO (165.6 m² g⁻¹) is noticeable. CIHIO particles are estimated to be ~ 50 nm from AFM and TEM analyses. Although the pH optimized for arsenite and fluoride adsorptions are different, the efficiencies of CIHIO towards their adsorption are very good at pH 6.5 (pH_zpc). The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium data of either tested species agree well, respectively, with pseudo-second order model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption phenomenon. Langmuir capacities (mg g⁻¹at 303 K) estimated are 29.07 and 25.57, respectively, for arsenite and fluoride. The spontaneity of adsorption reactions (ΔG⁰ = − 18.02 to − 20.12 kJ mol⁻¹ for arsenite; − 0.2523 to − 3.352 kJ mol⁻¹ for fluoride) are the consequence of entropy parameter. The phosphate ion (1 mM) compared to others influenced adversely the arsenite and/or fluoride adsorption reactions. CIHIO (2.0 g L⁻¹) is capable to abstract arsenite or fluoride above 90% from their solution (0 to 5.0 mg L⁻¹). Mechanism assessment revealed that the adsorption of arsenite occurs via chelation, while of fluoride occurs with ion-exchange.

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Effects of the co-disposal of lignite fly ash and coal mine waste rocks on AMD and leachate quality

Abstract

Lignite fly ash (FA) and waste rocks (WRs) were mixed in three different ratios (1:1, 1:3 and 1:5) and studied to compare the effects of adding FA on acid mine drainage generation from coal mining WRs, leachability of elements and the potential occurrence of the secondary minerals. FA mixed with WRs showed significant differences in pH levels compared to previous research. The 1:1 mixture performed best of all the three mixtures in terms of pH and leachability of elements, mainly due to the higher proportion of FA in the mixture. The pH in the 1:1 mixtures varied between 3.3 and 5.1 compared to other mixtures (2.3–3.5). Iron and SO₄²⁻ leached considerably less from the 1:1 mixture compared to the others, indicating that the oxidation of sulphides was weaker in this mixture. Aluminium leached to a high degree from all mixtures, with concentrations varying from mg L⁻¹ to g L⁻¹. The reason behind this increase is probably the addition of FA which, due to acidic conditions and the composition of the FA, increases the availability of Al. For the same reason, high concentrations of Mn and Zn were also measured. Geochemical modelling indicates that the 1:1 mixture performs better in terms of precipitation of Al³⁺ minerals, whereas Fe³⁺ minerals precipitated more in mixtures containing less FA. These results suggest that, with time, the pores could possibly be filled with these secondary minerals and sulphate salts (followed by a decrease in sulphide oxidation), improving the pore water pH and decreasing the leachability of elements. Since grain size plays a crucial role in the reactivity of sulphides, there is a risk that the results from the leaching tests may have been influenced by crushing and milling of the WR samples.

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Effect of the adsorption pH and temperature on the parameters of the Brouers–Sotolongo models

Abstract

The goal of the present paper was to elucidate if—and how—the parameters of the Brouers–Sotolongo fractal (BSf) (n,α) kinetic model (α and τ_C) on the one hand, and of the generalised Brouers–Sotolongo (GBS) isotherm model (a and b) on the other hand, are correlated with adsorption pH and temperature. For that purpose, adsorption of aqueous solutions of two common dyes, methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) was carried out on four activated carbons (ACs) at three temperatures (25, 35 and 50 °C) and three pH (2.5, 5 and 8). Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were measured, and the corresponding curves were best fitted with specific forms of the aforementioned models, and corresponding to equations known as BSf (1,α) kinetic and Brouers–Gaspard isotherm models. Correlations between all model parameters and adsorption conditions were found, bringing some information about the adsorbate–adsorbent interaction.

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