Co‐existence of Juvenile dermatomyositis and psoriasis vulgaris with fungal infection: A case report and literature review

Summary

Introduction

The incidence rate of psoriasis vulgaris (PSV) coexisting with Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is low. Through our thorough literature search, we found that PSV arising on JDM with superficial fungal infection of facial skin is rarely reported. So, we hereby, report a case of combination of the above three diseases. Meanwhile, we also reviewed the previous literatures aiming at the related basis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases. Interestingly, of all cases, this case is the only one in which the symptom of muscle weakness preceded the appearance of rash.

Case Presentation

A 21‐year‐old man diagnosed with JDM 6 years ago came to our inpatient department due to the appearance of new rash. Skin examination showed some sharply demarcated scaly plaques over the head, neck, torso, and bilateral upper limbs with pruritus and scaling. Histological examination and typical clinical manifestation confirmed the diagnosis of PSV for his new rash. Family history was negative for JDM and PSV. The clear erythema located on his face revealed the existence of superficial fungal infection with the help of fungal fluorescence microscopy. He had marked improvement of his symptoms with the treatment given at our department. In the past 3 months, the patient has been on regular follow‐up at our outpatient department, and his condition is stable at present.

Discussion

This paper presents a case of PSV arising on JDM coexisting with superficial fungal infection on the face hoping that this will help clinicians in the better diagnosis of the diseases during literature search.

http://bit.ly/2CPZn5A

Identification and validation of amino acid‐based mild exfoliating agents through a de novo screening method

Summary

Background

Due to internal or external factors, the desquamation (turnover) rate of the stratum corneum slows down, resulting in skin problems. Therefore, adjusting the exfoliation rate through cosmetics is an important issue.

Objective

This report aimed to develop exfoliating agents with lesser adverse effects and higher efficiency through an ex vivo screening method and in vivo turnover rate analysis of human skin.

Methods

Various molecules were evaluated by the ex vivo porcine skin exfoliation method and screened for their potential as effective agents. To confirm the effect and mechanism of each agent found, the exfoliation efficiency was evaluated. Each agent was also applied to the actual human skin to determine its efficacy and side effects.

Results

Despite the pH 6, carnitine and serine, which have similar or better efficiency compared to PHA, were selected. Based on the results, it was confirmed that calcium. And it is nonirritating to the human skin and increases the turnover rate (~130%).

Conclusion

Amino acid‐based exfoliating agents, such as carnitine and serine, were identified and verified to enhance the rate of exfoliation of the stratum corneum. It is expected that the improvement of dullness, mild acne, fine wrinkles, and pores through skin exfoliation in the field of cosmetics can be achieved safely through these agents.

http://bit.ly/2RY26V7

Efficacy and possible mechanisms of botulinum toxin treatment of oily skin

Summary

Background

Oily skin is one of the most common dermatological complaints. Oily skin may be accompanied by enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Moreover, oily skin has negative effects on self‐perception. Most therapeutic approaches used to treat oily skin have had varying degrees of efficacy and include topical treatments, such as photodynamic therapy and lasers. However, certain of these therapies for oily skin may lead to severe side effects. With the expanding use and high safety profile of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT‐A), its use in the treatment of oily skin has caused significant concerns; moreover, relevant reports have gradually accumulated to address the efficacy of BoNT‐A and explore its mechanisms of action.

Aims

The objective of this article was to review the efficacy and possible treatment mechanisms of BoNT‐A on oily skin.

Methods

A retrospective review of the published data was conducted.

Results

Most studies have suggested that the intradermal injection of BoNT‐A decreased sebum production and pore size. Furthermore, this treatment attained high patient satisfaction without significant side effects. BoNT‐A effectively decreased sebum production and excretion, which was in keeping with previous studies, possibly via its blockade of cholinergic signaling and its neuromodulatory effects.

Conclusions

Intradermal BoNT‐A injection may represent a promising new treatment for oily skin and other relevant dermatological problems, such as enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Further study is still needed to determine the specific mechanisms of BoNT‐A and the optimal injection techniques and doses for oily skin and other relevant cosmetic concerns.

http://bit.ly/2CQNyw6

Co‐existence of Juvenile dermatomyositis and psoriasis vulgaris with fungal infection: A case report and literature review

Summary

Introduction

The incidence rate of psoriasis vulgaris (PSV) coexisting with Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is low. Through our thorough literature search, we found that PSV arising on JDM with superficial fungal infection of facial skin is rarely reported. So, we hereby, report a case of combination of the above three diseases. Meanwhile, we also reviewed the previous literatures aiming at the related basis, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases. Interestingly, of all cases, this case is the only one in which the symptom of muscle weakness preceded the appearance of rash.

Case Presentation

A 21‐year‐old man diagnosed with JDM 6 years ago came to our inpatient department due to the appearance of new rash. Skin examination showed some sharply demarcated scaly plaques over the head, neck, torso, and bilateral upper limbs with pruritus and scaling. Histological examination and typical clinical manifestation confirmed the diagnosis of PSV for his new rash. Family history was negative for JDM and PSV. The clear erythema located on his face revealed the existence of superficial fungal infection with the help of fungal fluorescence microscopy. He had marked improvement of his symptoms with the treatment given at our department. In the past 3 months, the patient has been on regular follow‐up at our outpatient department, and his condition is stable at present.

Discussion

This paper presents a case of PSV arising on JDM coexisting with superficial fungal infection on the face hoping that this will help clinicians in the better diagnosis of the diseases during literature search.

http://bit.ly/2CPZn5A

Identification and validation of amino acid‐based mild exfoliating agents through a de novo screening method

Summary

Background

Due to internal or external factors, the desquamation (turnover) rate of the stratum corneum slows down, resulting in skin problems. Therefore, adjusting the exfoliation rate through cosmetics is an important issue.

Objective

This report aimed to develop exfoliating agents with lesser adverse effects and higher efficiency through an ex vivo screening method and in vivo turnover rate analysis of human skin.

Methods

Various molecules were evaluated by the ex vivo porcine skin exfoliation method and screened for their potential as effective agents. To confirm the effect and mechanism of each agent found, the exfoliation efficiency was evaluated. Each agent was also applied to the actual human skin to determine its efficacy and side effects.

Results

Despite the pH 6, carnitine and serine, which have similar or better efficiency compared to PHA, were selected. Based on the results, it was confirmed that calcium. And it is nonirritating to the human skin and increases the turnover rate (~130%).

Conclusion

Amino acid‐based exfoliating agents, such as carnitine and serine, were identified and verified to enhance the rate of exfoliation of the stratum corneum. It is expected that the improvement of dullness, mild acne, fine wrinkles, and pores through skin exfoliation in the field of cosmetics can be achieved safely through these agents.

http://bit.ly/2RY26V7

Efficacy and possible mechanisms of botulinum toxin treatment of oily skin

Summary

Background

Oily skin is one of the most common dermatological complaints. Oily skin may be accompanied by enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Moreover, oily skin has negative effects on self‐perception. Most therapeutic approaches used to treat oily skin have had varying degrees of efficacy and include topical treatments, such as photodynamic therapy and lasers. However, certain of these therapies for oily skin may lead to severe side effects. With the expanding use and high safety profile of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT‐A), its use in the treatment of oily skin has caused significant concerns; moreover, relevant reports have gradually accumulated to address the efficacy of BoNT‐A and explore its mechanisms of action.

Aims

The objective of this article was to review the efficacy and possible treatment mechanisms of BoNT‐A on oily skin.

Methods

A retrospective review of the published data was conducted.

Results

Most studies have suggested that the intradermal injection of BoNT‐A decreased sebum production and pore size. Furthermore, this treatment attained high patient satisfaction without significant side effects. BoNT‐A effectively decreased sebum production and excretion, which was in keeping with previous studies, possibly via its blockade of cholinergic signaling and its neuromodulatory effects.

Conclusions

Intradermal BoNT‐A injection may represent a promising new treatment for oily skin and other relevant dermatological problems, such as enlarged pores, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis. Further study is still needed to determine the specific mechanisms of BoNT‐A and the optimal injection techniques and doses for oily skin and other relevant cosmetic concerns.

http://bit.ly/2CQNyw6

The skin health of fishermen in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

Background

Fishing is an important economic activity worldwide, but there are only a few studies on the skin health of fishermen. Daily activities in fishing communities expose fishermen to risks of traumatic, actinic, and sea dermatoses.

Methods

A semi‐structured questionnaire was applied to 388 fishermen from 2014 to 2015 at their workplace (Z‐8 to Z‐13 fishing communities). The data collected were evaluated for descriptive analysis. In the bivariate analysis of the data, the Pearson chi‐square test was used. The multinomial logistic regression was used to obtain estimates of odds ratios and adjusted confidence intervals for confounding variables.

Results

Three hundred and nine (79.6%) fishermen reported accidents during their fishing activity. The main fish species implicated were Genidens genidens and Scorpaena brasiliensis. Inappropriate or potentially harmful traditional treatments without scientific evidence of efficacy were recorded as main/auxiliary treatment. Other significant skin injuries were due to trauma from fishing tackle and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Three hundred and twenty (82.5%) fishermen reported that they had never used any sun protective devices or sunscreen.

Conclusions

Traumatic injuries due to fish stings were the most common accidents in this group. Despite chronic occupational sun exposure and its hazards, most fishermen did not adopt any method of photoprotection. Health educational activities as well as a specific health program for these professionals are necessary to improve the health of fishermen in Guanabara Bay area.

http://bit.ly/2WujNtO