Acetaldehyde breath test as a cancer risk marker in patients with esophageal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Acetaldehyde breath test as a cancer risk marker in patients with esophageal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma Via Head and neck cancers by Fumisato Sasaki, Shuji Kanmura, Kohei Oda, Hidehito Maeda, Masayuki Kabayama, Hiromichi Iwaya, Yuga Komaki, Shiho Arima, Shiroh Tanoue, Shinichi Hashimoto, Hiroshi Fujita, Akio Ido Patients with inactive acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) are at high risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC). The acetaldehyde breath test (ABT) may demonstrate ALDH2 gene polymorphisms. We evaluated the usefulness of the ABT in patients with ESCC and HPSCC. The squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) group consisted of 100 patients who were treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for ESCC or HPSCC, and the control group (HC) consisted of 275 healthy subjects. The SCC group comprised the "single subgroup" (n = 63), in which a single lesion was initially treated with ESD, and the "multiple subgroup" (n = 31), in which multiple lesions were initially treated with ESD. First, we compared the groups' risk factors for carcinogenesis and measured the acetaldehyde-to-ethanol (A/E) ratio. Then we tested the groups' differences in the abovementioned carcinogenic risk factors. We found that the proport ion of individuals in the SCC group with inactive ALDH2 (A/E ratio ≥ 23.3) was significantly higher than that in the HC group (p = 0.035), as was the A/E ratio (p p = 0.015), as was the A/E ratio (p = 0.008). In conclusion, ABT may be a potential screening tool for detecting people at risk of ESCC and HPSCC. In addition, it could be a useful tool in detecting patients at risk of multiple or double carcinomas among patients with ESCC and HPSCC. Trial registration: Trial Registration number: UMIN000040615 [https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/detail?trial_id=UMIN000040615], Data of Registration: 01 46 June 2020, retrospectively registered. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Der Nasen- oder Rachenabstrich in der COVID-19-Pandemie – Aspekte für den HNO-Arzt/die HNO-Ärztin – SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus, Nasenabstrich, Rachenabstrich, Komplikationen

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Der Nasen- oder Rachenabstrich in der COVID-19-Pandemie – Aspekte für den HNO-Arzt/die HNO-Ärztin – SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus, Nasenabstrich, Rachenabstrich, Komplikationen Via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1498-3549 Seit Beginn der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie werden zunehmend Abstriche oder andere Beprobungen aus dem oberen Aerodigestivtrakt genommen, da hier vor allen Dingen in frühen Erkrankungsstadien hohe Viruslasten bestehen. Als diagnostische Möglichkeiten sind Abstriche aus der vorderen Nase, dem Nasopharynx oder dem Oropharynx sowie die Gewinnung von Rachenspülwasser oder Speichel möglich. Als Labormethoden stehen in einigen Minuten ablesbare Antigentests oder langwierigere RT-PCR-Methoden zur Verfügung. Abstriche werden von ärztlichem Personal, medizinischem Fachpersonal, Laien und im Eigentest, jeweils nach Instruktionen, durchgeführt. Auf die Aussagekraft und die Sensitivität d es gesamten diagnostischen Prozesses haben somit viele dieser Faktoren einen Einfluss. Die PCR-Labormethode ist sensitiver als die Antigenmethode; der Abstrich aus dem Nasopharynx wird als der valideste Abstrichort angesehen. Eine korrekte Durchführung eines Tests kann auch bei nicht professionellen Personen mit guten Instruktionen erreicht werden. Komplikationen werden bei solchen Abstrichen, gemessen an der anzunehmenden Anzahl durchgeführter Prozeduren, sehr selten berichtet. Kurzfristiges Nasenbluten bei traumatischen Abstrichen ist anzunehmen, ohne dass darüber Publikationen aufgefunden werden konnten. Abgebrochene Abstrichträger mussten HNO-ärztlich entfernt werden. Verletzungen der Schädelbasis mit Liquorrhö wurden bisher sehr vereinzelt berichtet, davon 2-mal bei Anomalien wie Meningozelen. Die Wahl eines geeigneten diagnostischen Mediums hängt von vielen Parametern, wie Verfügbarkeit, zeitlicher Ablauf bis zum Ergebnis, Abstrich durch kundiges Personal oder Eigente st und etlichen anderen praktischen Erwägungen, ab. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Validität präoperativ entnommener SARS-CoV-2-Abstriche bei Kindern

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Validität präoperativ entnommener SARS-CoV-2-Abstriche bei Kindern Via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1494-3341 Hintergrund Aufgrund der eingeschränkten Compliance ist bei Kindern die technisch korrekte Entnahme eines gepoolten Nasopharyngealabstrichs deutlich erschwert. Vor allem bei Operationen im Bereich der oberen Atemwege besteht für alle im Operationssaal Anwesenden infolge der intraoperativen Aerosolbildung ein deutlich erhöhtes Infektionsrisiko für eine Erkrankung an COVID-19. Ziel der Studie ist die Analyse der Validität präoperativ unter im Einzelfall suboptimalen Bedingungen entnommener SARS-CoV-2-Abstriche bei Kindern. Material und Methoden Retrospektiver Vergleich der PCR-Ergebnisse von präoperativ und intraoperativ abgenommenen SARS-CoV-2-Abstrichen bei 62 Kindern im Zeitraum April-Juli 2020. Das Alter der Kinder lag zwischen einem und 14 Jahren (Median 4,49 Jahre). Insgesamt 56 der 62 untersuchten Operationen wurden hinsichtlich des erhöhten Infektionsrisikos als Risikoeingriffe gewertet. Die PCR-Diagnostik erfolgte 1–2 Tage (bei Notfalleingriffen am selben Tag) präoperativ sowie erneut intraoperativ mittels gepooltem Nasopharyngealabstrich. Ergebnisse Alle 62 präoperativ abgenommenen Abstriche waren negativ. Abweichend vom präoperativen Testergebnis war ein intraoperativ gewonnener Abstrich positiv. Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund eingeschränkter Compliance kann bei Kindern nicht immer von einer korrekten präoperativen Abstrichtechnik (Präanalytik) ausgegangen werden. Infolgedessen sind die Testergebnisse im Hinblick auf eine mögliche SARS-CoV-2-Infektion womöglich inkorrekt. Ausreichende Schutzmaßnahmen für alle im Operationssaal Anwesenden sind daher zwingend erforderlich. Zum Schutz des Personals und zur Prävention möglicher Infektionsketten perioperativ erscheint in dieser Altersgruppe trotz der guten Reproduzierbarkeit der präoperativen Abstrichergebnisse eine erneute intraoperative Testung erwägenswert, falls der präoperative Abstrich unter erschwerten Bedingungen erfolgte oder eine umfassende Anamnese, z. B. vor Notfalleingriffen oder bei Sprachbarriere, nicht möglich ist. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG R üdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Wideband tympanometry as a diagnostic tool for Meniere's disease: a retrospective case-control study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Wideband tympanometry as a diagnostic tool for Meniere's disease: a retrospective case-control study Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 May 19. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06882-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of wide band tympanometry (WBT) as a diagnostic tool for Ménière's disease (MD) by comparing differences in absorbance measures between normal hearing ears and patient diagnosed with MD. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective case-control study. From a cohort of 116 patients diagnosed with Ménière disease, 52 MD patients and 99 normal hearing adults with no history of otological disease served as subjects. Wideband tympanometry was conducted using at Titan Impedance module and audiometry was performed with a MADSEN Astera2. Mean energy absorbance curves with 95% confidence intervals were computed across cases with MD and controls in the frequency range 226-8000 Hz. An overall test for difference between curves of cases and controls was calc ulated by multivariate analysis of variance. RESULTS: The MD group and the subpopulations of MD patients who fulfilled the International criteria for MD showed a statistically significant lower absorbance at tympanic peak pressure compared to the control group (p < 0.001). No overlap of confidence intervals between mean curves was found within the frequency range of 2000-4000 Hz. CONCLUSION: Absorbance measures obtained by WBT were able to distinguish between MD ears and normal ears within the frequency range of 2000-4000 Hz. The results indicate that WBT potentially could be a useful and simple non-invasive diagnostic tool for MD. However, more research on the association between absorbance measures and inner ear pathologies is needed. PMID:34009459 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06882-7 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Homeopathy-a therapeutic option for medical practice? : An evaluation from the perspective of evidence-based medicine

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Homeopathy-a therapeutic option for medical practice? : An evaluation from the perspective of evidence-based medicine Via hno HNO. 2021 May 19. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01061-w. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Many publications declare homeopathy to be "controversial." However, based on the findings of extensive research on homeopathy, there has long been a broad scientific consensus that there is no reliable evidence of specific medical effectiveness. Overall, the evidence clearly denies effects beyond those of placebo and context. All the more must it be seen as a phenomenon that homeopathy is stil l the subject of medical and therapeutic practice. This may lie largely in the fact that the homeopathic scene appropriates medical research and the concept of evidence in a way that is suitable to maintain the appearance that there is still a scientifically relevant discourse to dispute. The following article aims to justify that this is not the case, and that homeopathy is, therefore, obsolete as a therapeutic option, even according to the principles of contemporary medical ethics. PMID:34009440 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-021-01061-w View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Pediatric Oral Neurovascular Hamartoma of the Hard Palate: A Clinicopathologic Report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Pediatric Oral Neurovascular Hamartoma of the Hard Palate: A Clinicopathologic Report Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 May 17:1455613211014302. doi: 10.1177/01455613211014302. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT We hereby present the first-reported pediatric case of a hard palate neurovascular hamartoma in a male newborn, in which the diagnosis was established following an initial nondiagnostic biopsy, extensive radiological investigations, and eventual wide local excision. These benign lesions can easily be mistaken for malignant diagnoses, leading to increased parental and child anxiety as well as avoidable diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. PMID:33993743 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211014302 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of Tympanic Membrane Perforation With and Without Calcification of Anterior Mallear Ligament Under Transcanal Endoscopic Type I Tympanoplasty

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of Tympanic Membrane Perforation With and Without Calcification of Anterior Mallear Ligament Under Transcanal Endoscopic Type I Tympanoplasty Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 May 16:1455613211010092. doi: 10.1177/01455613211010092. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) induced tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) can be accompanied by anterior mallear ligament (AML) calcification. So far, comparative evaluations of TMP with and without AML calcification have rarely been reported. The aim of the current study is to compare the hearing outcomes of TMP with and without calcificatio n of AML under transcanal endoscopic type I tympanoplasty. METHODS: Records of 67 patients diagnosed with CSOM and receiving transcanal endoscopic type I tympanoplasty were divided into the AML calcification group (Cal group, n = 31) and the non-AML calcification group (non-Cal group, n = 36). The 31 patients in the Cal group were divided into subgroup A and B according to the severity of calcification. The operation time, closure rate, and pre- and postoperative audiometric results were retrospectively collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Preoperatively, the Cal group had higher mean air-bone gap (ABG; P = .022), and ABGs at 250 Hz (P = .017) and 500 Hz (P = .008) compared with the non-Cal groups. The Cal group showed higher improvements of ABGs at 250 Hz (P = .039) and 500 Hz (P = .021) compared with the non-Cal groups postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The TMP with AML calcification leads to higher ABGs at low frequencies. The hearing o utcomes are similar for TMP both with and without AML calcification after surgery. Our results suggest that transcanal endoscopic type I tympanoplasty is an appropriate surgical method for TMP with AML calcification, if the lesion can be detected and completely eliminated. PMID:33993754 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211010092 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.